Research on the Construction of Intellectual Property System and Optimization of Business Environment in China

With the rapid development of globalization and information technology,intellectual property has been one of the key drivers of economic growth,and the construction of intellectual property system has become an important criterion for measuring the quality of business environment.This article is intended to explore the current status of intellectual property system construction in China,the challenges,and its relationship with the business environment,to propose the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.The study finds that the legal system of intellectual property in China is gradually improving,and judicial and administrative protection are continuously strengthened.However,the challenges still remain such as frequent infringements,rights hard to protect and insufficient international cooperation.These issues not only affect the legitimate rights and interests of innovation entities,but also for the market fairness and the level of the business environment.Therefore,this article proposes that strengthening the perfection of the intellectual property legal system,enhancing intellectual property services and support capabilities,strengthening international cooperation and exchanges,and accelerating the cultivation of composite talents.It aims to provide theoretical references for the construction of intellectual property system and the optimization of the business environment,promote the high-quality development of economy and enhance the global competitiveness of the country.

Application of Modern Construction Art in Landscape Architecture Planning and Design

The continuous progress of urbanization has driven the continuous development and innovation of landscape planning and design.Focused on the important design method of modern construction art,this study analyzed its concepts and characteristics,and made deep exploration to its application in landscape planning and design.The results indicated that modern construction art had a significant impact on landscape spatial planning and layout,spatial design forms,and spatial ornaments.The use of modern construction art concepts could make landscape design more scientific,artistic,and humane,creating higher quality leisure and entertainment venues for audiences.

Preliminary Study on Overseas Applicability of Chinese Architectural Design Standards:Taking China-Aided Construction Projects in Asia Since the Belt and Road Initiative as Examples

This research takes China-aided construction projects in Asia since the Belt and Road Initiative as examples to explore the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards in other Asian countries.So far,the standards demonstrated the highest applicability in South Asia is the best followed by Southeast Asia.Chinese architectural design standards for educational buildings showed the highest applicability,followed by office,medical,and sports buildings.This study puts forward some strategies to improve the applicability of Chinese architectural design standards.These strategies include integrating regionalism and local cultural traditions,optimizing energy efficiency,and aligning designs with local usage habits.This study serves as a reference for similar projects in the future.

CADGen:Computer-aided design sequence construction with a guided codebook learning

Computer-aided design(CAD)software continues to be a crucial tool in digital twin application and manufacturing,facilitating the design of various products.We present a novel CAD generation method,an agent that constructs the CAD sequences containing the sketch-and-extrude modelling operations efficiently and with high quality.Starting from the sketch and extrusion operation sequences,we utilise the transformer encoder to encode them into different disentangled codebooks to represent their distribution properties while considering their correlations.Then,a combination of auto-regressive and non-autoregressive samplers is trained to sample the code for CAD sequence con-struction.Extensive experiments demonstrate that our model generates diverse and high-quality CAD models.We also show some cases of real digital twin applications and indicate that our generated model can be used as the data source for the digital twin platform,exhibiting designers'potential.

Analysis of Roadbed Pavement Designs for Highway Reconstruction and Upgrading

This paper focuses on the route and roadbed pavement design in highway reconstruction and upgrading projects.It discusses the importance of project design for highway reconstruction and upgrading,highlighting key aspects of route design and roadbed pavement design.The analysis reveals that the main design considerations in these projects include controlling factors of route reconstruction,expansion,and upgrading,as well as route plan design and longitudinal section design combined with roadbed pavement.In roadbed pavement design,it is crucial for designers to thoroughly collect existing data and make reasonable use of the current roadbed and pavement to develop a comprehensive design scheme.This analysis aims to provide a reference for the reasonable design of such projects.

SAR regional all-azimuth observation orbit design for target 3D reconstruction

Three-dimensional(3D) synthetic aperture radar(SAR)extends the conventional 2D images into 3D features by several acquisitions in different aspects. Compared with 3D techniques via multiple observations in elevation, e.g. SAR interferometry(InSAR) and SAR tomography(TomoSAR), holographic SAR can retrieve 3D structure by observations in azimuth. This paper focuses on designing a novel type of orbit to achieve SAR regional all-azimuth observation(AAO) for embedded targets detection and holographic 3D reconstruction. The ground tracks of the AAO orbit separate the earth surface into grids. Target in these grids can be accessed with an azimuth angle span of360°, which is similar to the flight path of airborne circular SAR(CSAR). Inspired from the successive coverage orbits of optical sensors, several optimizations are made in the proposed method to ensure favorable grazing angles, the performance of 3D reconstruction, and long-term supervision for SAR sensors. Simulation experiments show the regional AAO can be completed within five hours. In addition, a second AAO of the same area can be duplicated in two days. Finally, an airborne SAR data process result is presented to illustrate the significance of AAO in 3D reconstruction.

Design Method for Road Reconstruction and Expansion

This article analyzes the method for designing routes in road reconstruction and expansion projects,using an actual engineering project as an example.This includes an overview of a specific road reconstruction and expansion project,an analysis of the preexisting road,the basic principles of the design road project,and an analysis of the design methods and steps.This study aims to offer some guidance for road reconstruction and expansion design.

A Building Information Modeling-Life Cycle Cost Analysis Integrated Model to Enhance Decisions Related to the Selection of Construction Methods at the Conceptual Design Stage of Buildings

Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) provides a systematic approach to assess the total cost associated with owning, operating, and maintaining assets throughout their entire life. BIM empowers architects and designers to perform real-time evaluations to explore various design options. However, when integrated with LCCA, BIM provides a comprehensive economic perspective that helps stakeholders understand the long-term financial implications of design decisions. This study presents a methodology for developing a model that seamlessly integrates BIM and LCCA during the conceptual design stage of buildings. This integration allows for a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the design process, ensuring that the development aligns with the principles of low carbon emissions by employing modular construction, 3D concrete printing methods, and different building design alternatives. The model considers the initial construction costs in addition to all the long-term operational, maintenance, and salvage values. It combines various tools and data through different modules, including energy analysis, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to execute a comprehensive assessment of the financial implications of a specific design option throughout the lifecycle of building projects. The development of the said model and its implementation involves the creation of a new plug-in for the BIM tool (i.e., Autodesk Revit) to enhance its functionalities and capabilities in forecasting the life-cycle costs of buildings in addition to generating associated cash flows, creating scenarios, and sensitivity analyses in an automatic manner. This model empowers designers to evaluate and justify their initial investments while designing and selecting potential construction methods for buildings, and enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions by assessing different design alternatives based on long-term financial considerations during the early stages of design.

Course Design and Evaluation System Construction Under the STEM Education Mode

With the rapid development of information technology,Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics(STEM)education,as a crucial model for nurturing innovative talents,is gaining increasing attention.However,challenges such as insufficient resources and a lack of diversity in teaching methods exist in its implementation.Against this backdrop,this article conducts an in-depth analysis of course design and evaluation system construction under the STEM education model.The aim is to explore effective teaching strategies and diversified evaluation methods,with the ultimate goal of enhancing the quality of education and cultivating students’comprehensive problem-solving skills.

Exploration of the Ideological and Political Education in the“Web Design and Website Construction”Course

“Web Design and Website Construction”is a core professional course for e-commerce majors.This article explores how to integrate ideological and political education into the curriculum teaching of the course from three aspects:the necessity of ideological and political education construction,the construction goals,and the implementation paths.It not only improves students’professional and technical skills,but also guides students to establish a correct outlook on life and values,and cultivates students’comprehensive development of comprehensive literacy.

Ecological Design and Construction of Suburb Green Landscapes

The city expansion is accelerated with the process of urbanization.This paper deals with the suburban green landscape architecture in the point view of ecological design so as to construct the reasonable and environment-friendly suburban green landscape.

Ecological Restoration and Landscape Construction of Wetland——A Case Study of Planning and Design of Mi River Wetland Park in Linqu of Shandong

Based on geological characteristic of Mi River Wetland Park in Linqu of Shandong,the paper had illustrated historical and cultural spirits of Linqu,and then proposed planning strategies and contents of Mi River Wetland Park.It discussed new approaches for wetland restoration and landscape construction from the perspectives of ecological restoration of wetland system,overall construction of leisure system,and full display of regional characteristic.The construction of wetland system laid stress on water system design,terrain treatment,vegetation construction,and biological diversity creation.Wetland system would be overlaid with leisure system,divided into wetland leisure zone,wetland entertainment zone,humanity landscape zone,wetland science popular zone and wetland experience zone,all of which would be constructed with characteristic respectively.On the basis of site character,the paper had searched an energy balance and substance transformation method between rivers,plants,earth and humans,of certain practicality.

Design and Construction of Rainwater Harvesting and Water-saving Irrigation System of Toona sinensis on Mountain Slopes

In order to collect rainwater and resist drought to enhance the utilization rate of rainfall and water resources, through project rainwater harvesting measures, the total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the six greenhouses was calculated according to annual average precipitation 542.2 mm, up to 1 095.7 m^3. The upper natural slopes of cultivated land were as rainwater harvesting areas, and total annual rainwater harvesting amount was 49 242 m^3 on the mountain slopes with an area of 73.37 hm^2, while total water storage amount was 39 394 m^3 in theory, so it could meet water use for the irrigation of 26.28 hm^2 of T. sinensis land. To be convenient for rainwater harvesting, irrigation and supplying water to the water-saving cellars, one pert-cut and part-fill reservoir （which was 470 m^3 in volume） was built on the mountain slopes at the right rear of the greenhouses, and their altitude difference was 50 m. The reservoir was sealed and was built with reinforced concrete. Water-saving cellars were distributed in front and the middle and at the back of two rows of greenhouses, and they were connected with each other. The reservoir could supply water to the water-saving cellars and also collect water by mountain slopes, from the lower water-saving cellars or deep wells. Two rainwater hervesting ditches that were 1 650 m in length were at the lower edge of arable land in the upper reaches of slopes to intercept rainfall runoff and make it flow into channels and then the sedimentation tanks. The total annual rainwater harvesting amount of the reservoir and water-saving cellars was 1 222.5 m^3.

Design and Construction of Topographical Elements in Parks of Historical Relics

The protection and utilization of great historical sites mainly includes 4 modes,specifically,building the whole site into a park of historical relics;combining the site with the scenic area into a tourist site;building the site into a forest park;combining site protection with development of modern agriculture so as to build an agricultural park of historical and cultural relics.In this study,it was emphasized that landscape design of such parks should first be based on the protection of historical relics.Among all constructed parks of historical relics in China,Relics of Sweet Spring Palace,Tomb of the Military Marquis Zhuge Liang and Mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor were taken as examples to demonstrate how large-scale topographical elements form the spatial pattern of garden landscapes;Ruins of the Old Summer Palace and the Park of Qujiang Pool Relics were taken to show how moderate-scale topographical elements form the spatial division of garden landscapes;by giving examples of micro-relief slope utilization,micro-relief stone and water layout,utilization of original reliefs and micro-relief functions,this study illustrated how such micro-scale topographical elements form landscape nodes in gardens,and specifically introduced functions of micro-relief,such as dividing and controlling spaces,creating aesthetic value,improving micro-climate and so on.Moreover,cases of terrain utilization and creation in classical western gardens were given,and masterworks of some modern western garden designers were borrowed and analyzed to find valuable concepts for designing parks of historical relics in China.

Approaches of Landscape Design for the Construction of Low-carbon Ecological City

The prominent role and remarkable achievements of landscape design in the construction of low-carbon ecological city were analyzed in the context of global environmental issues. This study stressed that landscape architecture, as a comprehensive discipline handling human-land relationship, would play a significant role in the construction of low-carbon ecological city, and finally proposed a variety of approaches of landscape design for constructing low-carbon ecological city.

Study on the Ecological Construction in the Process of Urbanization——A Case Study of Ecological Protection Green Belt Design for Shanghai A20 Out Ring (Changning Section)

With the further development of urbanization,the conflicts between human beings and the nature has been gradually aggravated;it is urgent to establish balanced natural ecology in the process of urbanization,and harmony between human beings and environment.This study took the ecological landscape project of Shanghai A20 Out Ring (Changning Section) for an example to research and rethink about the ecological construction in the process of urbanization.

Design of Aided Decision-Making Program for Prioritizing Construction Projects in Urban Road Network Planning

The importance and complexity of prioritizing construction projects (PCP) in urban road network planning lead to the necessity to develop an aided decision making program (ADMP). Cost benefit ratio model and stage rolled method are chosen as the theoretical foundations of the program, and then benefit model is improved to accord with the actuality of urban traffic in China. Consequently, program flows, module functions and data structures are designed, and particularly an original data structure of road ...

The Study on Landscape Factors,Pattern and Design in New Countryside Construction in Mountainous Areas of China

With the vigorous development of China urbanization and increase of people's environmental consciousness,landscape design had received more and more attentions in urban construction and planning.However,the planning for mountainous new countryside construction and landscape design had not been emphasized.Hence,how to make use of natural and cultural landscape factors in mountainous areas to conduct landscape design in new countryside construction was an issue needed to be highlighted.According to the field study of natural villages and residences of Longnan City in Gansu Province,the paper had discussed the composition of mountainous settlements and residences,the composition of mountainous rural landscape factors and landscape planning principles,hoping to provide reference for rural landscape design and new countryside construction.

Construction of Plant Landscape at Cold Region——Plants Cultivation Design in South Lake Park of Hongqi Mountain in China

The paper had pointed out that constructing plant landscape of regional characteristic and developing and utilizing plant landscape resources to the maximum were top priorities of landscape design in North China.Based on the research on characteristics of plant landscape in North China,it concluded that plants at North China had short viewing time,limited species,and distinct seasonable landscape.By taking plant cultivation design in South Lake Park at Hongqi Mountain on the east of Heilongjiang Province for example,application of all plant landscaping means in landscape design had been analyzed.By combining with current status of South Lake Park on Hongqi Mountain,corresponding design principles and features had been identified,and better approaches had been provided for construction of plant landscape in North China through reasonably arranging landscape zones,skillfully dividing spatial types,meticulously selecting plant species,and diversifying plant shapes.It had divided 8 plant landscape zones and 12 theme plant landscapes in the park,creating plant landscape full of regional feature and cultural connotation.It hoped to provide reference for creation of different plant landscapes in North China.

Site Analysis of Residential Community Design—A Case Study of the Residential Community of the Fifth Agricultural Construction Division in Bole City of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in China

Based on the concept of site characteristic and site spirit,by taking the Residential Community of the Fifth Agricultural Construction Division in Bole City of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for example,the paper has analyzed its background and general situation,and the site characteristic,and emphasized that its planning and design should manifest the comfortable and cozy environment of the residential community,army culture unique in the Fifth Agricultural Division of Xinjiang Crops,and its enterprising spirit.It has pointed out the design should highlight people orientation;stress the quality of living environment;emphasize the individuality of the residential community;combine new technologies;respect the sunshine,terrain and waterscape of the site;well deal with the spatial location of the site;and pay attention to the inheritance of historical culture in the site,so as to create a high-grade residential community integrating army crops feature and water style,with complete supporting facilities,and in possession of unique sharing space,broad landscape avenue and wide building span.