Objective： To make intensified analysis upon the existing difficulties in early detection for the infectious diseases outbreak in China and put forward some effective measures to improve it. Methods： Field investiga...Objective： To make intensified analysis upon the existing difficulties in early detection for the infectious diseases outbreak in China and put forward some effective measures to improve it. Methods： Field investigation and in-depth interview were applied in 23 interviewees from different-level CDC. Results：The study findings suggest that although the timeliness of outbreak detection has been improved since SARS epidemic in China, some problems still exist, such as： ① lacking syndrome surveillance; ② report quality of infectious disease should be improved; ③ difficulties of identifying the cases at lower social economic status; ④a definite financial compensation mechanism for the operation of web-based report system is absent; ⑤insufficient information exchange among different branches. Conclusion：Some effective measures must be taken including developing syndrome surveillance system; affording more education and txaining for related staff; increasing payout on surveillance and establishing an information exchange platform for early detection of disease outbreak.展开更多
The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of infectious diseases among people entering/exiting via Manzhouli port. We analyzed infectious disease data from the Manzhouli International Travel Health care Cen...The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of infectious diseases among people entering/exiting via Manzhouli port. We analyzed infectious disease data from the Manzhouli International Travel Health care Center covering 2012 through 2014, as well as performed several laboratory tests to measure rates of infection. The frequencies of infectious diseases as well as their association with occupation and year of occurrence were calculated for people entering and exiting via the port. The total proportion of infectious diseases measured was 2.18%. Hepatitis B was the most commonly occurring at 1.68%, followed by syphilis, hepatits C and HIV, which were 0.23%, 0.21% and 0.04%, respectively. Contract workers, traffic staff, foreigners and those married abroad were more likely to be infected. Furthermore, there were significant differences among three years. Strategies should be developed and preventive policies should be implemented aimed at protecting the at risk populations at Manzhouli port, especially with regard to contract workers, traffic staff, foreigners and those married abroad.展开更多
Infectious diseases cause great economic loss and individual and even social anguish.Existing detection methods lack sensitivity and specificity,have a poor turnaround time,and are dependent on expensive equipment.In ...Infectious diseases cause great economic loss and individual and even social anguish.Existing detection methods lack sensitivity and specificity,have a poor turnaround time,and are dependent on expensive equipment.In recent years,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)system has been widely used in the detection of pathogens that cause infectious diseases owing to its high specificity,sensitivity,and speed,and good accessibility.In this review,we discuss the discovery and development of the CRISPR-Cas system,summarize related analysis and interpretation methods,and discuss the existing applications of CRISPR-based detection of infectious pathogens using Cas proteins.We conclude the challenges and prospects of the CRISPR-Cas system in the detection of pathogens.展开更多
In Canada,Gonorrhea infection ranks as the second most prevalent sexually transmitted infection.In 2018,Manitoba reported an incidence rate three times greater than the national average.This study aims to investigate ...In Canada,Gonorrhea infection ranks as the second most prevalent sexually transmitted infection.In 2018,Manitoba reported an incidence rate three times greater than the national average.This study aims to investigate the spatial,temporal,and spatio-temporal patterns of Gonorrhea infection in Manitoba,using individual-level laboratory-confirmed administrative data provided by Manitoba Health from 2000 to 2016.Age and sex patterns indicate that females are affected by infections at younger ages compared to males.Moreover,there is an increase in repeated infections in 2016,accounting for 16%of the total infections.Spatial analysis at the 96 Manitoba regional health authority districts highlights significant positive spatial autocorrelation,demonstrating a clustered distribution of the infection.Northern districts of Manitoba and central Winnipeg were identified as significant clusters.Temporal analysis shows seasonal patterns,with higher infections in late summer and fall.Additionally,spatio-temporal analysis reveals clusters during high-risk periods,with the most likely cluster in the northern districts of Manitoba from January 2006 to June 2014,and a secondary cluster in central Winnipeg from June 2004 to November 2012.This study identifies that Gonorrhea infection transmission in Manitoba has temporal,spatial,and spatio-temporal variations.The findings provide vital insights for public health and Manitoba Health by revealing high-risk clusters and emphasizing the need for focused and localized prevention,control measures,and resource allocation.展开更多
Microfluidics enables miniaturization,functionality,high throughput and reproducibility of multipathogen detection.Multiplexed microfluidic devices are electrochemical sensor–based,optical sensor–based,immunosensor-...Microfluidics enables miniaturization,functionality,high throughput and reproducibility of multipathogen detection.Multiplexed microfluidic devices are electrochemical sensor–based,optical sensor–based,immunosensor-based and paper-based multiplexed microfluidics.However,the simultaneous detection ofmultiple pathogens is limited because of the complexity and diversity of infectious disease sources and mutual interference among analytes.This review provides an overview of recent advances in developing multiplex diagnostic microfluidic devices for detecting infectious diseases and discusses practical issues and perspectives.This review also coversmicrofluidic nucleic acid amplification strategies to improve detection sensitivity.Finally,we discuss the limitations and challenges in the design of multiplexed microfluidics.展开更多
基金the Program"ombating with SARS and other infectious diseases"sponsored by Foreign Loan Office,Ministry of Health,China
文摘Objective： To make intensified analysis upon the existing difficulties in early detection for the infectious diseases outbreak in China and put forward some effective measures to improve it. Methods： Field investigation and in-depth interview were applied in 23 interviewees from different-level CDC. Results：The study findings suggest that although the timeliness of outbreak detection has been improved since SARS epidemic in China, some problems still exist, such as： ① lacking syndrome surveillance; ② report quality of infectious disease should be improved; ③ difficulties of identifying the cases at lower social economic status; ④a definite financial compensation mechanism for the operation of web-based report system is absent; ⑤insufficient information exchange among different branches. Conclusion：Some effective measures must be taken including developing syndrome surveillance system; affording more education and txaining for related staff; increasing payout on surveillance and establishing an information exchange platform for early detection of disease outbreak.
文摘The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of infectious diseases among people entering/exiting via Manzhouli port. We analyzed infectious disease data from the Manzhouli International Travel Health care Center covering 2012 through 2014, as well as performed several laboratory tests to measure rates of infection. The frequencies of infectious diseases as well as their association with occupation and year of occurrence were calculated for people entering and exiting via the port. The total proportion of infectious diseases measured was 2.18%. Hepatitis B was the most commonly occurring at 1.68%, followed by syphilis, hepatits C and HIV, which were 0.23%, 0.21% and 0.04%, respectively. Contract workers, traffic staff, foreigners and those married abroad were more likely to be infected. Furthermore, there were significant differences among three years. Strategies should be developed and preventive policies should be implemented aimed at protecting the at risk populations at Manzhouli port, especially with regard to contract workers, traffic staff, foreigners and those married abroad.
基金the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(No.2020JQ-148)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021A1515110793)the Shenzhen Pathogen High-Throughput Sequencing Technical Engineering Laboratory Upgrading Project(No.2019-986),China。
文摘Infectious diseases cause great economic loss and individual and even social anguish.Existing detection methods lack sensitivity and specificity,have a poor turnaround time,and are dependent on expensive equipment.In recent years,the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein(Cas)system has been widely used in the detection of pathogens that cause infectious diseases owing to its high specificity,sensitivity,and speed,and good accessibility.In this review,we discuss the discovery and development of the CRISPR-Cas system,summarize related analysis and interpretation methods,and discuss the existing applications of CRISPR-based detection of infectious pathogens using Cas proteins.We conclude the challenges and prospects of the CRISPR-Cas system in the detection of pathogens.
文摘In Canada,Gonorrhea infection ranks as the second most prevalent sexually transmitted infection.In 2018,Manitoba reported an incidence rate three times greater than the national average.This study aims to investigate the spatial,temporal,and spatio-temporal patterns of Gonorrhea infection in Manitoba,using individual-level laboratory-confirmed administrative data provided by Manitoba Health from 2000 to 2016.Age and sex patterns indicate that females are affected by infections at younger ages compared to males.Moreover,there is an increase in repeated infections in 2016,accounting for 16%of the total infections.Spatial analysis at the 96 Manitoba regional health authority districts highlights significant positive spatial autocorrelation,demonstrating a clustered distribution of the infection.Northern districts of Manitoba and central Winnipeg were identified as significant clusters.Temporal analysis shows seasonal patterns,with higher infections in late summer and fall.Additionally,spatio-temporal analysis reveals clusters during high-risk periods,with the most likely cluster in the northern districts of Manitoba from January 2006 to June 2014,and a secondary cluster in central Winnipeg from June 2004 to November 2012.This study identifies that Gonorrhea infection transmission in Manitoba has temporal,spatial,and spatio-temporal variations.The findings provide vital insights for public health and Manitoba Health by revealing high-risk clusters and emphasizing the need for focused and localized prevention,control measures,and resource allocation.
基金the 3-year public health program of Shanghai Health Commission(GWV-10.1-XK17)the 973 Program of China(no.2015CB554000)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.81520108021,91529305 and 81673250)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(nos.2022YFC2602900)。
文摘Microfluidics enables miniaturization,functionality,high throughput and reproducibility of multipathogen detection.Multiplexed microfluidic devices are electrochemical sensor–based,optical sensor–based,immunosensor-based and paper-based multiplexed microfluidics.However,the simultaneous detection ofmultiple pathogens is limited because of the complexity and diversity of infectious disease sources and mutual interference among analytes.This review provides an overview of recent advances in developing multiplex diagnostic microfluidic devices for detecting infectious diseases and discusses practical issues and perspectives.This review also coversmicrofluidic nucleic acid amplification strategies to improve detection sensitivity.Finally,we discuss the limitations and challenges in the design of multiplexed microfluidics.
