Rationality is a fundamental concept in economics. Most researchers will accept that human beings are not fully rational. Herbert Simon suggested that we are ＂bounded rational＂. However, it is very difficult to quan...Rationality is a fundamental concept in economics. Most researchers will accept that human beings are not fully rational. Herbert Simon suggested that we are ＂bounded rational＂. However, it is very difficult to quantify ＂bounded rationality＂, and therefore it is difficult to pinpoint its impact to all those economic theories that depend on the assumption of full rationality. Ariel Rubinstein proposed to model bounded rationality by explicitly specifying the decision makers＇ decision-making procedures. This paper takes a computational point of view to Rubinstein＇s approach. From a computational point of view, decision procedures can be encoded in algorithms and heuristics. We argue that, everything else being equal, the effective rationality of an agent is determined by its computational power - we refer to this as the computational intelligence determines effective rationality （CIDER） theory. This is not an attempt to propose a unifying definition of bounded rationality. It is merely a proposal of a computational point of view of bounded rationality. This way of interpreting bounded rationality enables us to （computationally） reason about economic systems when the full rationality assumption is relaxed.展开更多
This work is an improvement of the theory proposed by Qin Guogang and C. T. Sah for determination of deep level profiles in the multi-level ease. The previous theory cannot be applied to the ease when a level whose de...This work is an improvement of the theory proposed by Qin Guogang and C. T. Sah for determination of deep level profiles in the multi-level ease. The previous theory cannot be applied to the ease when a level whose density is comparable to the carrier density exists between the Fermi level and the deep level under study or when the deep level under study locates near the middle of the forbidden gap. The present work has overcome those restrictions so that it is applicable to more general cases. For the proton-implanted CZ-Si sample, the density profile of E(0.22), second acceptor level of divacancies, has been calculated in the presence of highly concentrated oxygen-vacancy level E(0.15) and has been compared with the profile of the same level E(0.22) calculated without considering the existence of E(0.15).展开更多
文摘Rationality is a fundamental concept in economics. Most researchers will accept that human beings are not fully rational. Herbert Simon suggested that we are ＂bounded rational＂. However, it is very difficult to quantify ＂bounded rationality＂, and therefore it is difficult to pinpoint its impact to all those economic theories that depend on the assumption of full rationality. Ariel Rubinstein proposed to model bounded rationality by explicitly specifying the decision makers＇ decision-making procedures. This paper takes a computational point of view to Rubinstein＇s approach. From a computational point of view, decision procedures can be encoded in algorithms and heuristics. We argue that, everything else being equal, the effective rationality of an agent is determined by its computational power - we refer to this as the computational intelligence determines effective rationality （CIDER） theory. This is not an attempt to propose a unifying definition of bounded rationality. It is merely a proposal of a computational point of view of bounded rationality. This way of interpreting bounded rationality enables us to （computationally） reason about economic systems when the full rationality assumption is relaxed.
基金The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘This work is an improvement of the theory proposed by Qin Guogang and C. T. Sah for determination of deep level profiles in the multi-level ease. The previous theory cannot be applied to the ease when a level whose density is comparable to the carrier density exists between the Fermi level and the deep level under study or when the deep level under study locates near the middle of the forbidden gap. The present work has overcome those restrictions so that it is applicable to more general cases. For the proton-implanted CZ-Si sample, the density profile of E(0.22), second acceptor level of divacancies, has been calculated in the presence of highly concentrated oxygen-vacancy level E(0.15) and has been compared with the profile of the same level E(0.22) calculated without considering the existence of E(0.15).
