Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) was used to study the integrity of the chromosomes for two WIL2-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (TK6 and WTK1) in the presence and absence of ionizing radiatio...Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) was used to study the integrity of the chromosomes for two WIL2-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (TK6 and WTK1) in the presence and absence of ionizing radiation. WTK1 cells contain a p53 mutation, whereas the TK6 cell line has the native p53 tumor-suppressor gene. Each cell line was isolated pre- and post-irradiation (2 and 3 Gy) and analyzed by MLPA. Using probes that target specific regions on chromosomes associated with a distinct subset of microdeletions and microduplications either established or thought to be responsible for intellectual disability or developmental delay, we have demonstrated that WTK1 and TK6 are not impacted in the same way by irradiation. Instead, each cell line presents its own unique MLPA profile. The most notable differences are the appearance of nine unique probe signals only seen in WTK1 cells. These results are important in the study of how different cell lines can be affected in significantly different ways depending on the presence or absence of wild type p53.展开更多
Background:Maternal mortality is a prevalent issue in healthcare provision worldwide.It is particularly common in developing and underdeveloped countries,where maternal deaths during childbirth or pregnancy occur freq...Background:Maternal mortality is a prevalent issue in healthcare provision worldwide.It is particularly common in developing and underdeveloped countries,where maternal deaths during childbirth or pregnancy occur frequently.Various internal and external factors contribute to the high maternal mortality rate in specific regions.One model,known as the three delays model approach,examines three distinct causes that contribute to this problem.The first delay is the lack of awareness in seeking timely healthcare,the second delay involves obstacles in reaching healthcare facilities on time,and the third delay relates to poor or inadequate healthcare provision in tertiary care facilities.These delays are responsible for the elevated maternal mortality rates,with the prevalence of each delay varying across regions.Objective:The objective of this literature review is to examine and critically evaluate existing literature on perceptions and investigations regarding maternal mortality in Southeast Asia,Europe and Africa,utilizing the three delays model approach as a categorization framework.Method:This literature review followed BEME guide No.3.A total of 18 articles were included in the sample after conducting a thorough search of various databases and search engines.A Prisma flowchart was created,and the articles were critically appraised.Results:A total of 18 articles focusing on different regions were analyzed.The findings revealed that in countries of Southeast Asia,the primary cause of maternal mortality is the first delay,which refers to the lack of awareness in seeking medical care.On the other hand,in Africa and other European countries,the second and third delays are more prominently associated with maternal mortality.Conclusion:Inadequate care is one of the major causes of maternal mortality in majority of regions acrossthe globe.Multiple factors can hinder access to appropriate healthcare.The three delays model plays a significant role in the higher maternal mortality rate.By raising awareness among women and their families about the importance of seeking healthcare,the risk of fatality can be reduced.Similarly,in developing regions,it is crucial to ensure that healthcare facilities are easily accessible and provide high-quality emergency obstetric care to meet the needs of pregnant women in critical situations.展开更多
In this manuscript a comprehensive coverage of recent developments in the drug therapy of vasospasm while providing the background information that neuroscientists need to understand its rationale. The range of new ag...In this manuscript a comprehensive coverage of recent developments in the drug therapy of vasospasm while providing the background information that neuroscientists need to understand its rationale. The range of new agents available for treatment of cerebral vasospasm is expanding rapidly along with rapid advances in pharmacology and physiology that are uncovering the mechanisms of this disease. Although there are many publications for treatment of cerebral vaso-spasm, most are focusing on different aspects of vasospasm treatment and many have limited value due to insufficient quality. Moreover, the complexity of this, in many cases deleterious condition, is enormous and the information needed to understand drug effects is accordingly often not readily available in a single source. A number of pharmacological and medical therapies are currently in use or being investigated in an attempt to reverse cerebral vasospasm, but only a few have proven to be useful. Current research efforts promise the eventual production of new medical therapies. At last, recommendations for the use of different treatment stages based on currently available clinical data are provided.展开更多
By multiplexing information symbols in the delay-Doppler(DD)domain,orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS)is a promising candidate for future wireless communication in high-mobility scenarios.In addition to the superior...By multiplexing information symbols in the delay-Doppler(DD)domain,orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS)is a promising candidate for future wireless communication in high-mobility scenarios.In addition to the superior communication performance,OTFS is also a natural choice for radar sensing since the primary parameters(range and velocity of targets)in radar signal processing can be inferred directly from the delay and Doppler shifts.Though there are several works on OTFS radar sensing,most of them consider the integer parameter estimation only,while the delay and Doppler shifts are usually fractional in the real world.In this paper,we propose a two-step method to estimate the fractional delay and Doppler shifts.We first perform the two-dimensional(2D)correlation between the received and transmitted DD domain symbols to obtain the integer parts of the parameters.Then a difference-based method is implemented to estimate the fractional parts of delay and Doppler indices.Meanwhile,we implement a target detection method based on a generalized likelihood ratio test since the number of potential targets in the sensing scenario is usually unknown.The simulation results show that the proposed method can obtain the delay and Doppler shifts accurately and get the number of sensing targets with a high detection probability.展开更多
A modification of the mRNA differential display method was used to an alyze differential gene expression during early embryonic development in the mou se. This method detects appropriate changes in the temporal patter...A modification of the mRNA differential display method was used to an alyze differential gene expression during early embryonic development in the mou se. This method detects appropriate changes in the temporal pattern of expressio n of amplicons and proteins by DD PCR and SDS PAGE analysis. In addition, it i ndicates that the activity of genes during early embryonic development was tempo ral; different degrees of activation→expression→translation occurring with cha nging spatio temporal and environmental conditions. The selectivity of gene exp r ession and levels of transcription and translation are a key controlled regulat ed position during early embryonic development in the mouse .展开更多
based on optimal design on the core element of the sensor,a wireless and passive surface acoustic wave（SAW）temperature sensor integrated with ID Tag was presented.A reflective delay line,which consists of a transduc...based on optimal design on the core element of the sensor,a wireless and passive surface acoustic wave（SAW）temperature sensor integrated with ID Tag was presented.A reflective delay line,which consists of a transducer and eight reflectors on YZ LiNbO3 substrate.Was fabricated as the sensor element,in which,three reflectors were used for temperature sensing,and the other five were for the ID Tag using phase encoding.Single phase unidirectional transducers（SPUDTs）and shorted grating were used to structure the sAW device,leading to excellent signal to noise ratio（SNR）.The performance of the SAW device was simulated by the coupling of modes（COM）prior to fabrication.Using the network analyzer,the response in time domain of the fabricated 434 MHz SAW sensor was characterized,the measured S11 agrees well with the simulated one,sharp reflection peaks,high signal/noise,and low spurious noise between the reflection peaks were observed.Using the radar system based on FSCW as the reader unit.the developed SAW temperature sensors were evaluated wirelessly.Excellent1 inearity and good resolution of士1℃ were observed.展开更多
Topic: Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a congenital olfacto-genital disease. Affected persons show an absence of physical pubertal development, and their sense of smell is reduced or absent (anosmia). The prevalence is 1:40...Topic: Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a congenital olfacto-genital disease. Affected persons show an absence of physical pubertal development, and their sense of smell is reduced or absent (anosmia). The prevalence is 1:40,000 in women and 1:8000 to 1:10,000 in men. Development of gender identity corresponds to the assigned gender at birth. The cause of KS is a genetic defect. To date, only a few systematic investigations have delved into the psychological disstress and consequences of the somatic characteristics of KS. In order for affected persons to be appropriately informed, well-founded research results are necessary. The focus of the present study aims at examining the similarities and differences between the psychological disstress and consequences women and men experience through the development, on the one hand, and through its medical treatment on the other. The present text complements current findings on the psychological consequences of KS in men [1] and women, respectively [2]. Two questions lie at the center of the comparison: 1) Which similarities and which gender-specific differences are there concerning the perceived burdens? 2) Which coping strategies have been developed in dealing with the burdens and consequences caused by KS in the affected women and men? Which similarities and which gender-specific differences are there with respect to these coping strategies? Methodology: The survey has been carried out by means of topically focused narrative interviews of 16 men and 5 women. Based on the qualitative content analysis according to Mayring [3], categories have been generated and evaluated on the basis of the interview material. The results of the male and female samples have been contrasted and analyzed in gender-specific relevant key subjects [1,2]. Results: The comparison shows that the burdens women and men experience through KS go beyond the somato-medical problems, and that the psychosocial consequences are a heavy burden for the members of both groups. Men bear a heavier burden through insecurities and shame about the absence of virilization and subsequently suffer more from bullying and marginalization experiences. They also perceive mood changes more frequently and as more burdensome through the course of hormone treatment. Women also develop shame due to the absence of female body development;they do, however, perceive this as less burdensome than do men. They suffer particularly from a loss of libido before and also during hormone treatment. Differences occur concerning the gender-specific hormone treatment and its effects on mood and libido. Wellfounded statements relating to this do, however, require further-reaching studies. In women, KS is frequently misdiagnosed as simply estrogen deficiency, which could be an explanation for the differing degree of prevalence. The preferred coping strategies for both sexes include confidential talks with suitable people, such as parents, the partner, friends, or a psychotherapist. Using support from psychotherapists, sex education, and/or sexual therapists is recommended when necessary. Conclusion: Psychotherapeutic/psychological support is recommended for both women and men diagnosed with KS, taking into account the gender-specific differences in dealing with the burdens KS imposes. The focus for both sexes should be on developing and strengthening body image and self-esteem. In medical treatment for both women and men, normal or inconspicuous body development should be emphasized. Particularly in the case of women, sex therapy should be available for support due to loss of libido. For men, therapy should be recommended, so as to strengthen their social capabilities and self-confidence. Additional studies are necessary for examining the effects of hormonal treatment on mood and libido and phenotyp.展开更多
In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)system,the time variation of a wireless channel destroys orthogonality among the sub-carriers,and this induces inter-carriers interference(ICI)and degrades system per...In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)system,the time variation of a wireless channel destroys orthogonality among the sub-carriers,and this induces inter-carriers interference(ICI)and degrades system performance severely in mobile environment.In this paper,a new method of ICI cancellation based on delay diversity(DD)was proposed,which provides a way to mitigate the negative effect from the time variation of the wireless paths,thus improve the system performance greatly.The new method was called time-domain selfinterference cancellation(TDSIC)algorithm,which is different from other existing methods,such as frequencydomain method.In a cyclically extended OFDM system,the fading characteristics of extended OFDM symbols with different cyclic delay are different with each other,so in our TDSIC method,a new diversity collection scheme at the receiver end is proposed,which can be used to improve the system performance by suppressing ICI through selecting appropriate parameters.Moreover,the cyclically extended OFDM symbol at the transmitter side and diversity collection with different delay added OFDM symbols at the receiver side are used in the TDSIC method with the tradeoff of time-expense,so the well-known fixed delay for symbol at the transmitter side may be detected by the receiver side through estimating several parameters of wireless channels.In summary,the key of the TDSIC method is to improve the system performance with the cost of time.Based on performance analysis,simulation has proved that TDSIC may effectively improve the performance of the time-variant wireless channel.展开更多
文摘Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) was used to study the integrity of the chromosomes for two WIL2-derived lymphoblastoid cell lines (TK6 and WTK1) in the presence and absence of ionizing radiation. WTK1 cells contain a p53 mutation, whereas the TK6 cell line has the native p53 tumor-suppressor gene. Each cell line was isolated pre- and post-irradiation (2 and 3 Gy) and analyzed by MLPA. Using probes that target specific regions on chromosomes associated with a distinct subset of microdeletions and microduplications either established or thought to be responsible for intellectual disability or developmental delay, we have demonstrated that WTK1 and TK6 are not impacted in the same way by irradiation. Instead, each cell line presents its own unique MLPA profile. The most notable differences are the appearance of nine unique probe signals only seen in WTK1 cells. These results are important in the study of how different cell lines can be affected in significantly different ways depending on the presence or absence of wild type p53.
文摘Background:Maternal mortality is a prevalent issue in healthcare provision worldwide.It is particularly common in developing and underdeveloped countries,where maternal deaths during childbirth or pregnancy occur frequently.Various internal and external factors contribute to the high maternal mortality rate in specific regions.One model,known as the three delays model approach,examines three distinct causes that contribute to this problem.The first delay is the lack of awareness in seeking timely healthcare,the second delay involves obstacles in reaching healthcare facilities on time,and the third delay relates to poor or inadequate healthcare provision in tertiary care facilities.These delays are responsible for the elevated maternal mortality rates,with the prevalence of each delay varying across regions.Objective:The objective of this literature review is to examine and critically evaluate existing literature on perceptions and investigations regarding maternal mortality in Southeast Asia,Europe and Africa,utilizing the three delays model approach as a categorization framework.Method:This literature review followed BEME guide No.3.A total of 18 articles were included in the sample after conducting a thorough search of various databases and search engines.A Prisma flowchart was created,and the articles were critically appraised.Results:A total of 18 articles focusing on different regions were analyzed.The findings revealed that in countries of Southeast Asia,the primary cause of maternal mortality is the first delay,which refers to the lack of awareness in seeking medical care.On the other hand,in Africa and other European countries,the second and third delays are more prominently associated with maternal mortality.Conclusion:Inadequate care is one of the major causes of maternal mortality in majority of regions acrossthe globe.Multiple factors can hinder access to appropriate healthcare.The three delays model plays a significant role in the higher maternal mortality rate.By raising awareness among women and their families about the importance of seeking healthcare,the risk of fatality can be reduced.Similarly,in developing regions,it is crucial to ensure that healthcare facilities are easily accessible and provide high-quality emergency obstetric care to meet the needs of pregnant women in critical situations.
文摘In this manuscript a comprehensive coverage of recent developments in the drug therapy of vasospasm while providing the background information that neuroscientists need to understand its rationale. The range of new agents available for treatment of cerebral vasospasm is expanding rapidly along with rapid advances in pharmacology and physiology that are uncovering the mechanisms of this disease. Although there are many publications for treatment of cerebral vaso-spasm, most are focusing on different aspects of vasospasm treatment and many have limited value due to insufficient quality. Moreover, the complexity of this, in many cases deleterious condition, is enormous and the information needed to understand drug effects is accordingly often not readily available in a single source. A number of pharmacological and medical therapies are currently in use or being investigated in an attempt to reverse cerebral vasospasm, but only a few have proven to be useful. Current research efforts promise the eventual production of new medical therapies. At last, recommendations for the use of different treatment stages based on currently available clinical data are provided.
文摘By multiplexing information symbols in the delay-Doppler(DD)domain,orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS)is a promising candidate for future wireless communication in high-mobility scenarios.In addition to the superior communication performance,OTFS is also a natural choice for radar sensing since the primary parameters(range and velocity of targets)in radar signal processing can be inferred directly from the delay and Doppler shifts.Though there are several works on OTFS radar sensing,most of them consider the integer parameter estimation only,while the delay and Doppler shifts are usually fractional in the real world.In this paper,we propose a two-step method to estimate the fractional delay and Doppler shifts.We first perform the two-dimensional(2D)correlation between the received and transmitted DD domain symbols to obtain the integer parts of the parameters.Then a difference-based method is implemented to estimate the fractional parts of delay and Doppler indices.Meanwhile,we implement a target detection method based on a generalized likelihood ratio test since the number of potential targets in the sensing scenario is usually unknown.The simulation results show that the proposed method can obtain the delay and Doppler shifts accurately and get the number of sensing targets with a high detection probability.
文摘A modification of the mRNA differential display method was used to an alyze differential gene expression during early embryonic development in the mou se. This method detects appropriate changes in the temporal pattern of expressio n of amplicons and proteins by DD PCR and SDS PAGE analysis. In addition, it i ndicates that the activity of genes during early embryonic development was tempo ral; different degrees of activation→expression→translation occurring with cha nging spatio temporal and environmental conditions. The selectivity of gene exp r ession and levels of transcription and translation are a key controlled regulat ed position during early embryonic development in the mouse .
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(11074268,10834010)
文摘based on optimal design on the core element of the sensor,a wireless and passive surface acoustic wave（SAW）temperature sensor integrated with ID Tag was presented.A reflective delay line,which consists of a transducer and eight reflectors on YZ LiNbO3 substrate.Was fabricated as the sensor element,in which,three reflectors were used for temperature sensing,and the other five were for the ID Tag using phase encoding.Single phase unidirectional transducers（SPUDTs）and shorted grating were used to structure the sAW device,leading to excellent signal to noise ratio（SNR）.The performance of the SAW device was simulated by the coupling of modes（COM）prior to fabrication.Using the network analyzer,the response in time domain of the fabricated 434 MHz SAW sensor was characterized,the measured S11 agrees well with the simulated one,sharp reflection peaks,high signal/noise,and low spurious noise between the reflection peaks were observed.Using the radar system based on FSCW as the reader unit.the developed SAW temperature sensors were evaluated wirelessly.Excellent1 inearity and good resolution of士1℃ were observed.
基金Funding for this work was received from the German Society of Sexual Research.
文摘Topic: Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a congenital olfacto-genital disease. Affected persons show an absence of physical pubertal development, and their sense of smell is reduced or absent (anosmia). The prevalence is 1:40,000 in women and 1:8000 to 1:10,000 in men. Development of gender identity corresponds to the assigned gender at birth. The cause of KS is a genetic defect. To date, only a few systematic investigations have delved into the psychological disstress and consequences of the somatic characteristics of KS. In order for affected persons to be appropriately informed, well-founded research results are necessary. The focus of the present study aims at examining the similarities and differences between the psychological disstress and consequences women and men experience through the development, on the one hand, and through its medical treatment on the other. The present text complements current findings on the psychological consequences of KS in men [1] and women, respectively [2]. Two questions lie at the center of the comparison: 1) Which similarities and which gender-specific differences are there concerning the perceived burdens? 2) Which coping strategies have been developed in dealing with the burdens and consequences caused by KS in the affected women and men? Which similarities and which gender-specific differences are there with respect to these coping strategies? Methodology: The survey has been carried out by means of topically focused narrative interviews of 16 men and 5 women. Based on the qualitative content analysis according to Mayring [3], categories have been generated and evaluated on the basis of the interview material. The results of the male and female samples have been contrasted and analyzed in gender-specific relevant key subjects [1,2]. Results: The comparison shows that the burdens women and men experience through KS go beyond the somato-medical problems, and that the psychosocial consequences are a heavy burden for the members of both groups. Men bear a heavier burden through insecurities and shame about the absence of virilization and subsequently suffer more from bullying and marginalization experiences. They also perceive mood changes more frequently and as more burdensome through the course of hormone treatment. Women also develop shame due to the absence of female body development;they do, however, perceive this as less burdensome than do men. They suffer particularly from a loss of libido before and also during hormone treatment. Differences occur concerning the gender-specific hormone treatment and its effects on mood and libido. Wellfounded statements relating to this do, however, require further-reaching studies. In women, KS is frequently misdiagnosed as simply estrogen deficiency, which could be an explanation for the differing degree of prevalence. The preferred coping strategies for both sexes include confidential talks with suitable people, such as parents, the partner, friends, or a psychotherapist. Using support from psychotherapists, sex education, and/or sexual therapists is recommended when necessary. Conclusion: Psychotherapeutic/psychological support is recommended for both women and men diagnosed with KS, taking into account the gender-specific differences in dealing with the burdens KS imposes. The focus for both sexes should be on developing and strengthening body image and self-esteem. In medical treatment for both women and men, normal or inconspicuous body development should be emphasized. Particularly in the case of women, sex therapy should be available for support due to loss of libido. For men, therapy should be recommended, so as to strengthen their social capabilities and self-confidence. Additional studies are necessary for examining the effects of hormonal treatment on mood and libido and phenotyp.
文摘In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)system,the time variation of a wireless channel destroys orthogonality among the sub-carriers,and this induces inter-carriers interference(ICI)and degrades system performance severely in mobile environment.In this paper,a new method of ICI cancellation based on delay diversity(DD)was proposed,which provides a way to mitigate the negative effect from the time variation of the wireless paths,thus improve the system performance greatly.The new method was called time-domain selfinterference cancellation(TDSIC)algorithm,which is different from other existing methods,such as frequencydomain method.In a cyclically extended OFDM system,the fading characteristics of extended OFDM symbols with different cyclic delay are different with each other,so in our TDSIC method,a new diversity collection scheme at the receiver end is proposed,which can be used to improve the system performance by suppressing ICI through selecting appropriate parameters.Moreover,the cyclically extended OFDM symbol at the transmitter side and diversity collection with different delay added OFDM symbols at the receiver side are used in the TDSIC method with the tradeoff of time-expense,so the well-known fixed delay for symbol at the transmitter side may be detected by the receiver side through estimating several parameters of wireless channels.In summary,the key of the TDSIC method is to improve the system performance with the cost of time.Based on performance analysis,simulation has proved that TDSIC may effectively improve the performance of the time-variant wireless channel.
