Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship and experiences of occupational health nurses (OHNs) and related departments in project development of mental health care for primary treatment in the...Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship and experiences of occupational health nurses (OHNs) and related departments in project development of mental health care for primary treatment in the Japanese occupational health setting. Method: A total of 235 OHNs who are members of the Japan Academy of Occupational Health Nursing were sent an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included items on the following: the OHN’s background, whether the OHN had experience in project development, the communication between the associated departments, the Japanese version of the Work Engagement Scale (UWES-J), occupational assessments, workplace assessments, and the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) for health promotion in companies and the OHN’s working environment. We performed logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between experience and these harmonious relationships with other associated departments. Result: Responses from 61 OHNs (valid response rate: 25.9%) were analyzed. The mean number of years of service as an OHN was 18.9, and 82% of respondents had experience in project development. The logistic analysis further revealed that OHNs who had experience in project development of mental health care usually had a harmonious relationship with other associated departments. Conclusion: To promote mental health care for workers, OHNs have the capability to create individual and workplace assessments, enhance their work engagement, and make further improvements to their working environment. .展开更多
Quality of Life (QOL) is a multiphase conception, including physical, mental and social factors, and can overall reflect health status of the human. At present, QOL has become a relevant measure of efficacy of treatme...Quality of Life (QOL) is a multiphase conception, including physical, mental and social factors, and can overall reflect health status of the human. At present, QOL has become a relevant measure of efficacy of treatment in clinical trials. Its use is spreading, and its importance is growing as a valid indicator of whether or not a medical treatment is展开更多
The developmental origins of health and diseases(DOHaD)is a concept stating that adverse intrauterine environments contribute to the health risks of offspring.Since the theory emerged more than 30 years ago,many epide...The developmental origins of health and diseases(DOHaD)is a concept stating that adverse intrauterine environments contribute to the health risks of offspring.Since the theory emerged more than 30 years ago,many epidemiological and animal studies have confirmed that in utero exposure to environmental insults,including hyperglycemia and chemicals,increased the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases(NCDs).These NCDs include metabolic syndrome,type 2 diabetes,and complications such as diabetic cardiomyopathy.Studying the effects of different environmental insults on early embryo development would aid in understanding the underlying mechanisms by which these insults promote NCD development.Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)have also been utilized by researchers to study the DOHaD.ESCs have pluripotent characteristics and can be differentiated into almost every cell lineage;therefore,they are excellent in vitro models for studying early developmental events.More importantly,human ESCs(hESCs)are the best alternative to human embryos for research because of ethical concerns.In this review,we will discuss different maternal conditions associated with DOHaD,focusing on the complications of maternal diabetes.Next,we will review the differentiation protocols developed to generate different cell lineages from hESCs.Additionally,we will review how hESCs are utilized as a model for research into the DOHaD.The effects of environmental insults on hESC differentiation and the possible involvement of epigenetic regulation will be discussed.展开更多
September 2017 Contents Preface Ensuring People’s Right to Health Based on China’s Conditions Continuous Improvement of Health Environment and Conditions Public Health Service Capability Improving Steadily Great Imp...September 2017 Contents Preface Ensuring People’s Right to Health Based on China’s Conditions Continuous Improvement of Health Environment and Conditions Public Health Service Capability Improving Steadily Great Improvement in the Quality of Medical and Health Services Improvement of the National Medical Security System展开更多
Maternal nutrition is found to be the key factor that determines fetal health in utero and metabolic health during adulthood.Metabolic diseases have been primarily attributed to impaired maternal nutrition during preg...Maternal nutrition is found to be the key factor that determines fetal health in utero and metabolic health during adulthood.Metabolic diseases have been primarily attributed to impaired maternal nutrition during pregnancy,and impaired nutrition has been an immense issue across the globe.In recent years,type 2 diabetes(T2D)has reached epidemic proportion and is a severe public health problem in many countries.Although plenty of research has already been conducted to tackle T2D which is associated with obesity,little is known regarding the etiology and pathophysiology of lean T2D,a variant of T2D.Recent studies have focused on the effects of epigenetic variation on the contribution of in utero origins of lean T2D,although other mechanisms might also contribute to the pathology.Observational studies in humans and experiments in animals strongly suggest an association between maternal low protein diet and lean T2D phenotype.In addition,clear sex-specific disease prevalence was observed in different studies.Consequently,more research is essential for the understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of lean T2D,which might help to develop better disease prevention and treatment strategies.This review examines the role of protein insufficiency in the maternal diet as the central driver of the developmental programming of lean T2D.展开更多
Background:Despite the increasing interest in China’s development assistance for health(DAH)in African countries,little is known regarding the distribution and determinants of China’s DAH project allocation among th...Background:Despite the increasing interest in China’s development assistance for health(DAH)in African countries,little is known regarding the distribution and determinants of China’s DAH project allocation among the principle subdivisions(provinces&states)within African countries.Methods:We mapped the distribution of China’s DAH projects in 670 principle subdivisions of 50 African countries during 2006-2015 using web-based information.The political,demographic,health and socioeconomic indicators of DAH allocation were analyzed using conditional logistic regression models.The national capital city and political leader’s birth place were selected as the main political indicators,and health indicators were selected according to different fields of the DAH projects.Results:China’s DAH projects(mainly China medical teams[CMTs],hospitals and anti-malaria centers)were mostly allocated to the western and eastern coasts of Africa,although CMTs were also dispatched to northern Africa.National capital cities were significantly associated with the allocation of China’s DAH projects(P<0.001).Antimalaria centers were more likely to be allocated to principle subdivisions with larger populations(OR=1.35),and CMTs were allocated to subdivisions with high population densities(OR=79.01).No health-related indicators were identified to affect project allocation except for the facility delivery rate and under-five mortality rate,which were associated with hospital allocation.We also found an association between CMT allocation and the use of artemisinin-based combination therapy in children.Conclusions:Allocation of China’s DAH projects is strongly affected by political and demographic factors.Implementation of China’s new DAH projects should target health and socio-economic indicators and impact metrics in scaling up tailored and cost-effective programs in Africa.展开更多
Globally,there are growing efforts to address diseases through the advancement in health research and development(R&D),strengthening of regional cooperation in science and technology(particularly on product discov...Globally,there are growing efforts to address diseases through the advancement in health research and development(R&D),strengthening of regional cooperation in science and technology(particularly on product discovery and development),and implementation of the World Health Assembly Resolution 61.21(WHA61.21)on the Global Strategy and Plan of Action on Public Health,Innovation,and Intellectual Property(GSPA-PHI).As such,the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)is responding to this through the establishment of the ASEAN-Network for Drugs,Diagnostics,Vaccines,and Traditional Medicines Innovation(ASEAN-NDI).This is important in the ASEAN considering that infectious tropical diseases remain prevalent,emerging,and reemerging in the region.This paper looks into the evolution of the ASEAN-NDI from its inception in 2009,to how it is at present,and its plans to mitigate public health problems regionally and even globally.展开更多
The following general status concerning nation-wide health institutions, hospital beds, personnel and hospital work as well as causes of diseases and death is briefly reported according to the Information Centre of He...The following general status concerning nation-wide health institutions, hospital beds, personnel and hospital work as well as causes of diseases and death is briefly reported according to the Information Centre of Health Statistics of the Ministry of Public Health of China. HEALTH INSTITUTION, HOSPITAL BEDS AND PERSONNEL In 1994 there was a slight decrease in the number of China’s health institutions while the increasing rate of hospital beds was slowed down and the nmnber of health personnel continued to increase. Health institutions. In 1994 the number of various health institutions in China totalled 191.7 thousand. with a decrease of 1844 as against 1993: there展开更多
In order to push forward the research and development of innovative drugs,to re-exploit large species,and to invent healthy product,Tianjin Pharmaceutical Association
MY ancestors have lived in Lhasa, Tibet, for generations. I have personally witnessed the great changes in modern Tibetan society. The total population of the region has doubled since 1951. The Fourth National Census ...MY ancestors have lived in Lhasa, Tibet, for generations. I have personally witnessed the great changes in modern Tibetan society. The total population of the region has doubled since 1951. The Fourth National Census in 1990 revealed that the human fertility rate in the Tibet Autonomous Region was 27.60 per thousand, the natural population growth rate 18.40 per thousand, and the total fertility rate of women at childbearing age 4.22.展开更多
文摘Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship and experiences of occupational health nurses (OHNs) and related departments in project development of mental health care for primary treatment in the Japanese occupational health setting. Method: A total of 235 OHNs who are members of the Japan Academy of Occupational Health Nursing were sent an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included items on the following: the OHN’s background, whether the OHN had experience in project development, the communication between the associated departments, the Japanese version of the Work Engagement Scale (UWES-J), occupational assessments, workplace assessments, and the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) for health promotion in companies and the OHN’s working environment. We performed logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between experience and these harmonious relationships with other associated departments. Result: Responses from 61 OHNs (valid response rate: 25.9%) were analyzed. The mean number of years of service as an OHN was 18.9, and 82% of respondents had experience in project development. The logistic analysis further revealed that OHNs who had experience in project development of mental health care usually had a harmonious relationship with other associated departments. Conclusion: To promote mental health care for workers, OHNs have the capability to create individual and workplace assessments, enhance their work engagement, and make further improvements to their working environment. .
文摘Quality of Life (QOL) is a multiphase conception, including physical, mental and social factors, and can overall reflect health status of the human. At present, QOL has become a relevant measure of efficacy of treatment in clinical trials. Its use is spreading, and its importance is growing as a valid indicator of whether or not a medical treatment is
文摘The developmental origins of health and diseases(DOHaD)is a concept stating that adverse intrauterine environments contribute to the health risks of offspring.Since the theory emerged more than 30 years ago,many epidemiological and animal studies have confirmed that in utero exposure to environmental insults,including hyperglycemia and chemicals,increased the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases(NCDs).These NCDs include metabolic syndrome,type 2 diabetes,and complications such as diabetic cardiomyopathy.Studying the effects of different environmental insults on early embryo development would aid in understanding the underlying mechanisms by which these insults promote NCD development.Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)have also been utilized by researchers to study the DOHaD.ESCs have pluripotent characteristics and can be differentiated into almost every cell lineage;therefore,they are excellent in vitro models for studying early developmental events.More importantly,human ESCs(hESCs)are the best alternative to human embryos for research because of ethical concerns.In this review,we will discuss different maternal conditions associated with DOHaD,focusing on the complications of maternal diabetes.Next,we will review the differentiation protocols developed to generate different cell lineages from hESCs.Additionally,we will review how hESCs are utilized as a model for research into the DOHaD.The effects of environmental insults on hESC differentiation and the possible involvement of epigenetic regulation will be discussed.
文摘September 2017 Contents Preface Ensuring People’s Right to Health Based on China’s Conditions Continuous Improvement of Health Environment and Conditions Public Health Service Capability Improving Steadily Great Improvement in the Quality of Medical and Health Services Improvement of the National Medical Security System
基金Supported by the National Institutes of Health Grants,No. HL102866, HL58144 and DK114689
文摘Maternal nutrition is found to be the key factor that determines fetal health in utero and metabolic health during adulthood.Metabolic diseases have been primarily attributed to impaired maternal nutrition during pregnancy,and impaired nutrition has been an immense issue across the globe.In recent years,type 2 diabetes(T2D)has reached epidemic proportion and is a severe public health problem in many countries.Although plenty of research has already been conducted to tackle T2D which is associated with obesity,little is known regarding the etiology and pathophysiology of lean T2D,a variant of T2D.Recent studies have focused on the effects of epigenetic variation on the contribution of in utero origins of lean T2D,although other mechanisms might also contribute to the pathology.Observational studies in humans and experiments in animals strongly suggest an association between maternal low protein diet and lean T2D phenotype.In addition,clear sex-specific disease prevalence was observed in different studies.Consequently,more research is essential for the understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of lean T2D,which might help to develop better disease prevention and treatment strategies.This review examines the role of protein insufficiency in the maternal diet as the central driver of the developmental programming of lean T2D.
基金This work was supported by China Medical Board(No.CMB-15-243)Haomin Yang is supported by grant from China Scholarship Council(No.201406010275)The funding agencies have no role in the study design,data analysis or manuscript writing.
文摘Background:Despite the increasing interest in China’s development assistance for health(DAH)in African countries,little is known regarding the distribution and determinants of China’s DAH project allocation among the principle subdivisions(provinces&states)within African countries.Methods:We mapped the distribution of China’s DAH projects in 670 principle subdivisions of 50 African countries during 2006-2015 using web-based information.The political,demographic,health and socioeconomic indicators of DAH allocation were analyzed using conditional logistic regression models.The national capital city and political leader’s birth place were selected as the main political indicators,and health indicators were selected according to different fields of the DAH projects.Results:China’s DAH projects(mainly China medical teams[CMTs],hospitals and anti-malaria centers)were mostly allocated to the western and eastern coasts of Africa,although CMTs were also dispatched to northern Africa.National capital cities were significantly associated with the allocation of China’s DAH projects(P<0.001).Antimalaria centers were more likely to be allocated to principle subdivisions with larger populations(OR=1.35),and CMTs were allocated to subdivisions with high population densities(OR=79.01).No health-related indicators were identified to affect project allocation except for the facility delivery rate and under-five mortality rate,which were associated with hospital allocation.We also found an association between CMT allocation and the use of artemisinin-based combination therapy in children.Conclusions:Allocation of China’s DAH projects is strongly affected by political and demographic factors.Implementation of China’s new DAH projects should target health and socio-economic indicators and impact metrics in scaling up tailored and cost-effective programs in Africa.
文摘Globally,there are growing efforts to address diseases through the advancement in health research and development(R&D),strengthening of regional cooperation in science and technology(particularly on product discovery and development),and implementation of the World Health Assembly Resolution 61.21(WHA61.21)on the Global Strategy and Plan of Action on Public Health,Innovation,and Intellectual Property(GSPA-PHI).As such,the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)is responding to this through the establishment of the ASEAN-Network for Drugs,Diagnostics,Vaccines,and Traditional Medicines Innovation(ASEAN-NDI).This is important in the ASEAN considering that infectious tropical diseases remain prevalent,emerging,and reemerging in the region.This paper looks into the evolution of the ASEAN-NDI from its inception in 2009,to how it is at present,and its plans to mitigate public health problems regionally and even globally.
文摘The following general status concerning nation-wide health institutions, hospital beds, personnel and hospital work as well as causes of diseases and death is briefly reported according to the Information Centre of Health Statistics of the Ministry of Public Health of China. HEALTH INSTITUTION, HOSPITAL BEDS AND PERSONNEL In 1994 there was a slight decrease in the number of China’s health institutions while the increasing rate of hospital beds was slowed down and the nmnber of health personnel continued to increase. Health institutions. In 1994 the number of various health institutions in China totalled 191.7 thousand. with a decrease of 1844 as against 1993: there
文摘In order to push forward the research and development of innovative drugs,to re-exploit large species,and to invent healthy product,Tianjin Pharmaceutical Association
文摘MY ancestors have lived in Lhasa, Tibet, for generations. I have personally witnessed the great changes in modern Tibetan society. The total population of the region has doubled since 1951. The Fourth National Census in 1990 revealed that the human fertility rate in the Tibet Autonomous Region was 27.60 per thousand, the natural population growth rate 18.40 per thousand, and the total fertility rate of women at childbearing age 4.22.