MEAN SQUARE DEVIATION ANALYSIS OF INTERANNUAL SST VARIABILITY IN TROPICAL PACIFIC AND INDIAN OCEAN

Using the SST data series in tropical ocean (20N ~ 20S, 50E ~ 80W) during 1951 ~ 1997 to calculate its monthly mean square deviation, the work obtains results showing that interannual SST variability of the Pacific is more significant than that of the Indian Ocean, especially near the central and eastern equatorial Pacific (165W～90W, 6N～6S), where it ranges from 2C to 4C. The interannual SST variability is obvious in November and December but small in March and April. The interannual variability of 搘arm pool?SST is not so obvious as that of the eastern equatorial Pacific. However, interannual SST variability of the Indian Ocean ranges from 1C to 2C or so, being smaller than that of the Pacific. In the Indian Ocean, interannual SST variability of the Southern Hemisphere is more obvious than that of the Northern Hemisphere. According to above characteristics of interannual SST variability, the key sectors are determined.

洗涤用蛋白酶PB92的分子动力学模拟

以蛋白酶PB92结构为基础,分别对无底物结合和有底物结合的蛋白酶PB92进行了分子动力学(MD)模拟来研究其动力学特性,研究得到了有、无底物结合的蛋白酶PB92的结构性质,并进行了比较,进而评估与底物结合后蛋白酶PB92在结构性特征以及稳定性上发生的一系列变化。实验结果表明,在动力学模拟过程中,有底物结合的蛋白酶PB92的构象比无底物结合的蛋白酶PB92的构象更加致密稳定,表现出符合“诱导契合”反应的模式。对未来更适用于洗涤用品工业的蛋白酶性能和结构的开发提供理论基础和指引。

Evaluation and Analysis of Provincial Differences in Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity in China

Resources and environment carrying capacity is central to not only regional sustainable development but also major function-oriented zoning. This paper presents an evaluation index system for resources and environment carrying capacity based on four aspects of carrying capacity(i.e., water resources, land resources, the environment, and ecosystems) by using a square deviation decision-making method, and on the basis of above effort evaluates the resources and environment carrying capacity across 31 provincial regions in China(not including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions of China). In addition, this paper evaluates the current state of socio-economic development, and analyzes the spatial distribution of resources and environment pressure. The results showed that distinct spatial differences in resources and environment carrying capacity and pressure across provincial regions. Resources and environment pressure is affected by both comprehensive resources and environment carrying capacity and socio-economic development. Regions subjected to lower degrees of resources and environment pressure will be restricted by resources and environmental problems through future courses of development owing to excessively low carrying capacities. By contrast, regions with higher comprehensive resources and environment carrying capacity will be subjected to excessively high levels of resources and environment pressure because of rapid socio-economic development. Both of resources and environment carrying capacity and pressure must therefore be considered in the allocation of country-binding targets to provincial regions.

Analysis and Simulation of Molecular Dynamics of Lysozyme in Water Cluster System

The influence of water on protein conformation was investigated by simulating the molecular dynamics of a model protein lysozyme in different water systems.The lysozyme-water system with TIP3P water model and lysozyme-water cluster system with six-ring water model were evaluated.In addition,the radial distribution function of solvent around lysozyme was calculated.It is found that the distribution of water molecules around lysozyme is similar to that of water clusters.The analyses of dihedral angles and disulfide bonds of lysozyme show that the conformation of lysozyme is severely damaged in the lysozyme-water cluster system compared with that in the lysozyme-water system.This difference can be attributed to the formation of larger number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between lysozyme and water cluster.It is in agreement with the analysis that water clusters can change the degree of denaturation in the process of heat denaturation of lysozyme.

Spectrum Deviation Method of Identification of Foreshocks or Generalized Foreshocks and Its Applications

Based on previous research work,we present a spectrum deviation method to recognize a foreshock or generalized foreshock in this paper. The criterion to determine whether an event is a foreshock is a wide spectrum for an ordinary event,however,a moderate earthquake with foreshock or generalized foreshock has the characteristics of a narrow frequency band,and it deviates to the low frequency. It may be explained by metastable extension in the rupture source or related area of the main shock or regional fragmentation damage and crack nucleation process. The calculation results of two foreshocks,the M_S4. 7 event which occurred before the Yushu M_S7. 1 earthquake on April 14,2010 and the M_S5. 3 event which occurred before the Yutian M_S7. 3 earthquake on February 12,2014,show that the spectra of foreshocks shift,and they are quite different from the nonforeshock seismic spectrum of equivalent size. Therefore,this result can verify the validity of the spectrum deviation method.

Quantitative standard of eco-compensation for the water source area in the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in China

The Middle Route Project(MRP)of the Southto-North Water Transfer Scheme(SNWT)in China will require a very large financial expenditure to ensure the water supply and the associated water quality to northern China.An eco-compensation mechanism between the water service source areas and its beneficiaries is essential.This paper establishes an analytic framework of ecocompensation standard for the protection of the water source area,including both the calculation of ecocompensation based on opportunity cost method(OCM)and calculation of the burden sharing of eco-compensation between the water source area and the external water reception area based on the deviation square method(DSM).Taking Shiyan City,Hubei Province in China as a case study,our results show that the eco-compensation in the first-phase of MRP for the water source area in Shiyan,Hubei Province should be 1.63×10^(10) CNY,about four times of planned eco-construction investment budget(4.33×10^(9) CNY).In addition,the burden sharing of eco-compensation varied greatly in terms of different methods.It would be better to integrate the results of different single-factor burden sharing methods by determining the corresponding weighting coefficient with DSM and form one unanimous consent result by the interested parties.

Single machine stochastic JIT scheduling problem subject to machine breakdowns

In this paper we research the single machine stochastic JIT scheduling problem subject to the machine breakdowns for preemptive-resume and preemptive-repeat.The objective function of the problem is the sum of squared deviations of the job-expected completion times from the due date.For preemptive-resume,we show that the optimal sequence of the SSDE problem is V-shaped with respect to expected processing times.And a dynamic programming algorithm with the pseudopolynomial time complexity is given.We discuss the difference between the SSDE problem and the ESSD problem and show that the optimal solution of the SSDE problem is a good approximate optimal solution of the ESSD problem,and the optimal solution of the SSDE problem is an optimal solution of the ESSD problem under some conditions.For preemptive-repeat,the stochastic JIT scheduling problem has not been solved since the variances of the completion times cannot be computed.We replace the ESSD problem by the SSDE problem.We show that the optimal sequence of the SSDE problem is V-shaped with respect to the expected occupying times.And a dynamic programming algorithm with the pseudopolynomial time complexity is given.A new thought is advanced for the research of the preemptive-repeat stochastic JIT scheduling problem.

A Modified Statistically Optimal Null Filter Method for Recognizing Protein-coding Regions

Computer-aided protein-coding gene prediction in uncharacterized genomic DNA sequences is one of the most important issues of bio- logical signal processing. A modified filter method based on a statistically optimal null filter （SONF） theory is proposed for recognizing protein-coding regions. The square deviation gain （SDG） between the input and output of the model is used to identify the coding regions. The effective SDG amplification model with Class I and Class II enhancement is designed to suppress the non-coding regions. Also, an evaluation algorithm has been used to compare the modified model with most gene prediction methods currently available in terms of sensitivity, specificity and precision. The performance for identification of protein-coding regions has been evaluated at the nucleotide level using benchmark datasets and 91.4%, 96%, 93.7% were obtained for sensitivity, specificity and precision, respectively. These results suggest that the proposed model is potentially useful in gene finding field, which can help recognize protein-coding regions with higher precision and speed than present algorithms.

A novel gain design method to improve the consensus performance of output-feedback multi-agent systems

This paper considers the consensus problem of a group of homogeneous agents. These agents are governed by a general linear system and can only directly measure the output, instead of the state. In order to achieve the consensus goal, each agent estimates its state through a Luenberger observer, exchanges its estimated state with neighbors, and constructs the control input with the estimated states of its own and neighbors. Due to the existence of observation and process noises, only practical consensus, instead of asymptotical consensus, can be achieved in such multi-agent systems. The performance of the achieved practical consensus can be measured by the ultimate mean square deviation of the states of agents. That performance is closely related to the observation gains of the state observers and the control gains of agents. This paper proposes a method to optimize such performance with respect to the concerned observation and control gains. That method starts with a set of feasible observation and control gains and formulates a group of linear matrix inequalities （LMIs）. Solving these LMIs gives some intermediate matrix variables. By perturbing observation and control gains, and the intermediate matrix variables, the original LMIs yield another group of LMIs, which can be solved to provide a descent direction of observation and control gains. Moving along that descent direction, observation and control gains can be improved to yield better performance and work as the starting point of the next iteration. By iteratively repeating this procedure, we can hopefully improve the consensus performance of the concerned multi-agent system. Simulations are done to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

An analysis of nuclear charge radii based on the empirical formula

Several nuclear charge radii had been calculated based on the law of A1/3 and isospin dependence Z1/3 formula which had been used to describe the charge radii data. It is achieved that the isospin dependence Z1/3 formula is superior to the generally accepted A1/3 law through mean root square deviation analysis, that is, the Z1/3 formula is more effective to describe the charge radii data.

Effect of time-odd fields on odd-even mass differences of semi-magic nuclei

The effect of time-odd fields of Skyrme interaction on neutron odd-even mass differences is studied in the framework of axially deformed Skyrme Hartree-Fock(DSHF)+BCS model. To this end, we take into account both the time-even and time-odd fields to calculate the one-neutron and two-neutron separation energies and pairing gaps of semi-magic Ca, Ni, and Sn isotopic chains. In the calculations, a surface-type pairing interaction(IS pairing) and an isospin dependent contact pairing interaction(IS+IV pairing)are adopted on top of Skyrme interactions SLy4, SLy6 and Sk M*, respectively. We find that the time-odd fields have in general small effects on pairing gaps, but achieve better agreement with experimental data using SLy4 and Sly6 interactions, respectively.It is also shown that the calculations with IS+IV pairing reproduce the one-neutron separation energies of Sn isotopes better than those with the IS pairing interaction when the contributions of the time-odd fields are included.