Based on analysis of the reason and process of condensation on ceiling radiant cooling panels, two kinds of arrangement of detectors are put forward. The physical model is established, the results show that detectors ...Based on analysis of the reason and process of condensation on ceiling radiant cooling panels, two kinds of arrangement of detectors are put forward. The physical model is established, the results show that detectors are arranged as the form of triangle is more suitable. It can not only satisfy the use requirement but also it is economical and practical. Finally we can conclude that the inlet water temperature 0.5°C higher than dew point temperature is safe and reliable.展开更多
Accurate estimation of dew point temperature(Tdew)plays a very important role in the fields of water resource management,agricultural engineering,climatology and energy utilization.However,there are few studies on the...Accurate estimation of dew point temperature(Tdew)plays a very important role in the fields of water resource management,agricultural engineering,climatology and energy utilization.However,there are few studies on the applicability of local Tdew algorithms at regional scales.This study evaluated the performance of a new machine learning algorithm,i.e.,gradient boosting on decision trees with categorical features support(Cat Boost)to estimate daily Tdew using limited local and cross-station meteorological data.The random forests(RF)algorithm was also assessed for comparison.Daily meteorological data from 2016 to 2019,including maximum,minimum and average temperature(Tmax,Tmin and Tmean),maximum,minimum and average relative humidity(RHmax,RHmin and RHmean),maximum,minimum and average global solar radiation(Rsmax,Rsmin and Rsmean)from three weather stations in Hunan of China were used to evaluate the CatBoost and RF algorithms.The results showed that both algorithms achieved satisfactory estimation accuracy at the target stations(on average RMSE=1.020℃,R^(2)=0.969,MAE=0.718℃and NRMSE=0.087)in the absence of complete meteorological parameters(with only temperature data as input).The Cat Boost algorithm(on average RMSE=1.900℃and R^(2)=0.835)was better than the RF algorithm(on average RMSE=2.214℃andR^(2)=0.828).The accuracy and stability of the CatBoost and RF algorithms were positively correlated with the number of input parameters,and the three-parameter algorithms achieved higher estimation accuracy than the two-parameter algorithms.The developed methodology is helpful to predict Tdew at regional scale.展开更多
MODIS atmospheric profile products(MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2)have been widely used for near-surface dew point temperature(T_(d))estimation.However,their accuracy over large scale has seldom been evaluated.In this study,we...MODIS atmospheric profile products(MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2)have been widely used for near-surface dew point temperature(T_(d))estimation.However,their accuracy over large scale has seldom been evaluated.In this study,we validated these two products comprehensively against 2153 stations over China's Mainland.MOD07_L2 was suggested by our study because it achieved higher accuracy in either of two frequently-used methods.To be specific,the root-meansquare error(RMSE)achieved by MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2 was 5.82 and 7.42℃,respectively.On this basis,a recent ground-based correction method was modified to further improve their accuracy.Our focus is to investigate whether this ground-based approach is applicable to large-scale remote sensing applications.The results show that this new method showed great potential for T_(d) estimation independently from ground observations.Through the introduction of MODIS land surface products,the RMSE it achieved for MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2 was 5.23 and 5.59℃,respectively.Further analysis shows that it was particularly useful in capturing the annual average T_(d) patterns.The R2,RMSE,and bias of annual average daily mean T_(d) estimates were 0.95,1.84℃,and 0.53℃,and those achieved for annual average instantaneous T_(d) estimates were 0.94,2.09℃,and 0.75℃,respectively.展开更多
Common insulation gas cannot normally work in refrigeration temperature range(153-243 K), especially in extremely cold regions. To solve this problem, this essay uses cubic equation combined with two-parameter model i...Common insulation gas cannot normally work in refrigeration temperature range(153-243 K), especially in extremely cold regions. To solve this problem, this essay uses cubic equation combined with two-parameter model in theorem of corresponding states to estimate dew-point of hybrid gas. The influence of temperature on mixing ratio is studied by using van der Waals equation. The result shows that the mixing ratio is stable during temperature-fall period. Insulation property of CF_4 and CF_4/N_2 in refrigeration temperature range is studied through self-designed low-temperature test system. The result shows when the density of hybrid gas is invariable, temperature changing has less influence on breakdown voltage, and when the mixing ratio is 20%, CF_4/N_2 is the greatest potential hybrid gas.展开更多
文摘Based on analysis of the reason and process of condensation on ceiling radiant cooling panels, two kinds of arrangement of detectors are put forward. The physical model is established, the results show that detectors are arranged as the form of triangle is more suitable. It can not only satisfy the use requirement but also it is economical and practical. Finally we can conclude that the inlet water temperature 0.5°C higher than dew point temperature is safe and reliable.
基金the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Fund(ZR2020ME254 and ZR2020QD061).
文摘Accurate estimation of dew point temperature(Tdew)plays a very important role in the fields of water resource management,agricultural engineering,climatology and energy utilization.However,there are few studies on the applicability of local Tdew algorithms at regional scales.This study evaluated the performance of a new machine learning algorithm,i.e.,gradient boosting on decision trees with categorical features support(Cat Boost)to estimate daily Tdew using limited local and cross-station meteorological data.The random forests(RF)algorithm was also assessed for comparison.Daily meteorological data from 2016 to 2019,including maximum,minimum and average temperature(Tmax,Tmin and Tmean),maximum,minimum and average relative humidity(RHmax,RHmin and RHmean),maximum,minimum and average global solar radiation(Rsmax,Rsmin and Rsmean)from three weather stations in Hunan of China were used to evaluate the CatBoost and RF algorithms.The results showed that both algorithms achieved satisfactory estimation accuracy at the target stations(on average RMSE=1.020℃,R^(2)=0.969,MAE=0.718℃and NRMSE=0.087)in the absence of complete meteorological parameters(with only temperature data as input).The Cat Boost algorithm(on average RMSE=1.900℃and R^(2)=0.835)was better than the RF algorithm(on average RMSE=2.214℃andR^(2)=0.828).The accuracy and stability of the CatBoost and RF algorithms were positively correlated with the number of input parameters,and the three-parameter algorithms achieved higher estimation accuracy than the two-parameter algorithms.The developed methodology is helpful to predict Tdew at regional scale.
基金supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China[grant number:2021YFC3000201]National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number:42071032]Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number:2020056].
文摘MODIS atmospheric profile products(MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2)have been widely used for near-surface dew point temperature(T_(d))estimation.However,their accuracy over large scale has seldom been evaluated.In this study,we validated these two products comprehensively against 2153 stations over China's Mainland.MOD07_L2 was suggested by our study because it achieved higher accuracy in either of two frequently-used methods.To be specific,the root-meansquare error(RMSE)achieved by MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2 was 5.82 and 7.42℃,respectively.On this basis,a recent ground-based correction method was modified to further improve their accuracy.Our focus is to investigate whether this ground-based approach is applicable to large-scale remote sensing applications.The results show that this new method showed great potential for T_(d) estimation independently from ground observations.Through the introduction of MODIS land surface products,the RMSE it achieved for MOD07_L2 and MYD07_L2 was 5.23 and 5.59℃,respectively.Further analysis shows that it was particularly useful in capturing the annual average T_(d) patterns.The R2,RMSE,and bias of annual average daily mean T_(d) estimates were 0.95,1.84℃,and 0.53℃,and those achieved for annual average instantaneous T_(d) estimates were 0.94,2.09℃,and 0.75℃,respectively.
基金Project(51277063)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Common insulation gas cannot normally work in refrigeration temperature range(153-243 K), especially in extremely cold regions. To solve this problem, this essay uses cubic equation combined with two-parameter model in theorem of corresponding states to estimate dew-point of hybrid gas. The influence of temperature on mixing ratio is studied by using van der Waals equation. The result shows that the mixing ratio is stable during temperature-fall period. Insulation property of CF_4 and CF_4/N_2 in refrigeration temperature range is studied through self-designed low-temperature test system. The result shows when the density of hybrid gas is invariable, temperature changing has less influence on breakdown voltage, and when the mixing ratio is 20%, CF_4/N_2 is the greatest potential hybrid gas.
