Combination of cataract surgery with intravitreal injection of dexamethasone intravitreal implant(Ozurdex)for uveitis-induced cataract

AIM:To evaluate the long-term results of patients with chronic uveitis-induced cataract by phacoemulsification with IOL implantation and intravitreal injection of dexamethasone(DEX)intravitreal implant(Ozurdex).METHODS:The study included 32 eyes of 26 patients treated with DEX implant due to chronic uveitis-induced cataract and followed up for at least a year.Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),intraocular pressure(IOP),anterior chamber reaction,central macular thickness(CMT),intraoperative and postoperative complications and uveitis recurrence were analyzed retrospectively.RESULTS:A successful surgery was performed in all patients.The average follow-up period was 12mo.The female/male ratio was 13/13.Mean age was 45.65±3.83y(range 26 to 65y).Etiologically,rheumatic arthritis occurred in 6 patients(18.75%),ankylosing spondylitis in 4(12.50%),HLA-B27 associated uveitis in 3(9.38%),Vogt-KoyanagiHarada-associated uveitis in 4(12.50%),Behcet’s disease in 2(6.25%),and 7(21.88%)suffered from unknown diseases.All 32 eyes had varying degrees of improvement at 12mo after surgery,with 2 eyes showing BCVA of 0.1 or below(6.25%),6 having 0.1-0.5(18.75%),18 of 0.5-1.0(56.25%),and 6 of 1.0 or above(18.75%).No cases with increased IOP were observed.The values of mean CMT was increased at day 1,decreased at 1,3mo after surgery and increased at 6,12mo after surgery.No severe uveitis reactions,such as fibrinous exudates in the anterior chamber and exudative membrane formation on the anterior surface of the IOL,were observed after surgery.CONCLUSION:The present studies show that intravitreal injection of Ozudex during cataract operation can provide a new option for the clinical treatment of uveitis-induced cataract.

An eighteen-month follow-up study on the effects of Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant in diabetic macular edema refractory to anti-VEGF therapy

AIM： To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of dexamethasone implants in subjects affected by diabetic macular edema（DME） resistant to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） therapy.METHODS： Thirty-two DME patients were enrolled.A700 microgram slow release Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant（Ozurdex~） was placed in the vitreous cavity.All patients were followed for 18 mo.Best-corrected visual acuity（BCVA） measured with Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study（ETDRS） and central macular thickness（CMT） exams were carried out at baseline（T0）and after 1（T1）,3（T3）,4（T4）,6（T6）,9（T9）,12（T12）,15（T15）,and 18mo（T18） post injection. RESULTS： Repeated measures ANOVA showed an effect of treatment on ETDRS（P〈0.0001）.Post hoc analyses revealed that ETDRS values were significantly increased at T1,T3,T4,T9,and T15（P 〈0.001） as compared to baseline value（T0）.At T6,T12,and T18,ETDRS values were still statistically higher than baseline（P〈0.001 vs T0）.However,at these time points,we observed a trend to return to baseline conditions.ANOVA also showed an effect of treatment（P 〈0.0001）.CMT decreased significantly at T1,T3,T4,T9,and T15（P〈0.001）.At T6（P〈0.01）,T12 and T18（P〈0.001） CMT was also significantly lower than T0 although a trend to return to the baseline conditions was also observed.CONCLUSION： Our findings demonstrate that Intravitreal Dexamethasone Implant is a good option to improveBCVA and CMT in DME patients resistant to anti-VEGF therapy.Our data also show that the use of drugs administered directly into the vitreous allows achieving appropriate and long-lasting concentration at the site of disease without systemic side effects.

Comparison of topical nepafenac 0.1% with intravitreal dexamethasone implant for the treatment of Irvine-Gass syndrome

AIM: To compare safety and efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone(IVD) implant with topical nepafenac(TN) 0.1% in previously untreated Irvine-Gass syndrome(IGS) in clinical practice. METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 62 eyes with IGS after phacoemulsification with posterior chamber intraocular lens(IOL) implantation. None of the patients used treatment before IVD or TN. Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) with Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart(ETDRS), slit-lamp, intraocular pressure(IOP) measurement, fundus examination, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography(OCT) and fundus florescein angiography were performed to all subjects at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 mo. RESULTS: The mean BCVA of the IVD group was 49.3±6.8, and the mean BCVA of the TN group was 32.9±7.3 ETDRS letters in post-treatment month 6. The mean central macular thickness(CRT) of IVD group was 266.6±53.5 μm and the mean CRT of TN group was 364.9±56.3 μm in posttreatment month 6. Baseline BCVA has correlation with final BCVA in TN group however there was no correlation between baseline BCVA and final BCVA in IVD group. CONCLUSION: IVD is found to be better than TN in controlling pseudophakic macular edema and improving visual acuity. IVD group also has significantly lower CRT however IOP is not significantly different between two groups in post-treatment month 6.

Utilizing dexamethasone intravitreal implant to control postoperative inflammation in refractory uveitis undergoing cataract surgery

AIM:To report the effectiveness of intravitreal implantation of dexamethasone implant(Ozurdex)after phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in refractory uveitis patients.METHODS:This single-center retrospective study conducted for refractory pan-uveitis patients who underwent cataract surgery combined with intravitreal Ozurdex implantation.The main outcome measurements were bestcorrected visual acuity(BCVA),central retinal thickness(CRT),grade of anterior chamber cell(AAC),intraocular pressure(IOP),and systemic/ocular adverse events.RESULTS:Ten eyes of 7 patients were included.BCVA showed significant improvement at 1 mo(P=0.004),3 mo(P=0.0004),and 6 mo(P=0.001)post operation.There were no statistically significant differences in the postoperative CRT among follow-up groups(P>0.05).No significant differences were observed in the baseline IOP when compared to 1,3,and 6 mo(all P>0.05)post operation.One patient developed a transient elevated IOP post injection.Two eyes(20%)developed posterior capsular opacifications and underwent neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy.In six patients(8 eyes,71.4%),the systemic steroid usage was reduced to below 10 mg/d.The patients experienced a mean of 1.4±0.52 recurrences of inflammation in the 6 mo before operation and 0.7±0.48 in the 6 mon post operation.The mean recurrence time was 13±0.58 wk(range 12-14 wk)post operation.In five of seven patients(7 out of 10 eyes),inflammation relapse was developed postoperatively.Only one patient(2 eyes)needed increased amounts of oral corticosteroids.Intraocular inflammation recurrence in the remaining patients was controlled by topical steroids.CONCLUSION:Ozurdex is considered a safe and effective approach to control postoperative inflammation in cataract surgery for patients with refractory uveitis in our study.After the disappearance of Ozurdex’s antiinflammatory effects over time,in most cases the recurrent inflammation can be controlled by topical steroids.

Combined Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty and intravitreal dexamethasone implant for concomitant pseudophakic bullous keratopathy and cystoid macular edema

Dear Editor,Endothelial cell density decreases with age and in various ocular conditions,including corneal endotheliitis,uveitis,pseudoexfoliation syndrome,and birth injury(1)The reduction of endothelial cell density is exacerbated over time after intraocular surgery(1)Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty(DSAEK)is considered the primary procedure for patients with only endothelial dysfunction.

Intravitreal dexamethasone implant — a new treatment for idiopathic posterior scleritis: A case report

BACKGROUND Posterior scleritis is one of the most easily missed and misdiagnosed diseases in ophthalmology.In this case we treated a patient with intravitreal dexamethasone implant that has not been extensively studied before.CASE SUMMARY A 40-year-old female patient who had anxiety,palpitation,and insomnia presented with eye pain and decreased vision in the left eye.An eye examination indicated that her visual acuity(VA)was 40/100.Her left eye presented conjunctival edema,mild exophthalmos,clear cornea,KP(-),and clear aqueous humor.In the fundus,there was a cinerous retinal protuberance.Ultrasonography showed“T-sign”and no systemic association was detected in laboratory examination.One month after injection of dexamethasone implant,the patient exhibited VA of 20/20,fundus serous retinal detachment disappeared,and intraocular pressure of both eyes was at the normal level.CONCLUSION Intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implant may be a safe and effective treatment for patients with idiopathic posterior scleritis.

Dexamethasone intravitreal implant(Ozurdex) in diabetic macular edema: real-world data versus clinical trials outcomes

AIM: To investigate the safety and efficacy of intravitreal dexamethasone implants(Ozurdex?/DEX) in patients with diabetic macular edema(DME) either na?ve or nonna?ve to anti-VEGF therapies who switched to DEX implant independent of response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factors(anti-VEGFs).METHODS: This was an audit retrospective review of medical records of patients with DME who switched to the DEX intravitreal implant. Patients were divided into 2 groups: patients na?ve to antiangiogenic therapy and patients who were previously treated with anti-VEGFs. Data regarding demographics, changes in mean best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central macular thickness(CMT), and intraocular pressure(IOP) was collected over 6 mo. The demographic data mean changes in BCVA, CMT, and IOP were compared. Six-month follow-up data of 47 patients(57 eyes), who either switched to DEX implant irrespective of response to previous treatments or were treatment na?ve before receiving DEX implant, was collected.RESULTS: Improvement in mean BCVA was observed from 1-4 mo after injection with a decreased effect at month 6 as expected, with better outcomes in na?ve compared to non-na?ve patients. A statistically relevant decrease in mean CMT was observed during the follow-up period. An increase in mean IOP was observed in the first 2 mo after DEX therapy. The mean number of injections of the overall population during the 6 mo was 1.3. A subgroup analysis showed no relevant difference between phakic versus pseudophakic patients relative to measured outcomes. There was no cataract progression during the follow-up period and no adverse events reported.CONCLUSION: This real-life setting study shows that intravitreal DEX implant is effective and safe. The timings of greater therapeutic impact are concordant with previous studies and suggest that earlier treatment with corticosteroids may have an additional benefit in na?ve patients.

Dexamethasone intravitreal implant for diabetic macular edema in a pregnant patient

Dear Editor,We present a case of dexamethasone（DEX）intravitreal implantation（Ozurdex~;Allergan,Irvine,CA,USA）to treat diabetic macular edema（DME）during pregnancy.According to Pescosolido et al,pregnancy may promote the onset of diabetic retinopathy in about 10%of cases and may contribute to its worsening when already present,causing macular edema.Although one report has indicated that DME during pregnancy spontaneously regresses after delivery,others have reported that DME can persist and be associated with severe and persistent visual dysfunction.

Retinal injury following intravitreal injection of a dexamethasone implant in a vitrectomized eye

Lee SM, Jung JW, Park SW, Lee JE, Byon IS. Retinal injury following intravitreal injection of a dexamethasone implant in a vitrectomized eye. Int J Ophthalmo12017; 10（6）： 1019-1020

Anatomical and functional changes after dexamethasone implant and ranibizumab in diabetic macular edema: a retrospective cohort study

AIM: To investigate the efficacy and safety of ranibizumab(RZB group) and dexamethasone implant(DEX group) intravitreal treatments in patients with treatment-na?ve center involved diabetic macular edema(DME) by means of functional and morphological assessments.METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included 50 eyes of 50 patients with DME treated either with RBZ or DEX. Best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA) and microperimetry were evaluated at baseline and during a 6-month follow-up. In addition, central macular thickness(CMT) by means of structural optical coherence tomography(OCT) and retinal capillary plexus density and choriocapillary density by means of OCT angiography were assessed in all cases.RESULTS: Functional and morphological parameters significantly improved during the study period in both groups. BCVA improved significantly in both groups witha greater increase in the DEX group compared to the RBZ group(P=0.030). Microperimetry significantly differed during follow-up between the two treatments(P=0.031). In both groups CMT significantly decreased(P<0.001) without statistically significant differences between the two groups. A statistically significant increase of deep capillary plexus density was detected in both groups at 30 d after therapy. The retreatment rate was 0.70±0.10 and 0.65±0.10 in the RBZ group and 0.65±0.10 and 0.50±0.11 in DEX group at 120 and 180 d respectively. Two out of 25 patients in DEX group showed intraocular pressure increase requiring hypotonic eye drops.CONCLUSION: Both treatments are very effective for DME treatment during 6 mo of follow-up with a lower retreatment rate in DEX group.

Posterior vitreous detachment rate following intravitreal dexamethasone injection

AIM: To determine whether intravitreal dexamethasone(DEX) implant induces posterior vitreous detachment or not. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 810 eyes of 405 patients who underwent intravitreal DEX implantation due to macular edema caused by diabetic and retinal venous occlusion in our clinic. The eyes having no injection were determined as the control group. The examination findings of the patients before the injection and 3 mo after the injection and optical coherence tomography(OCT) images were scanned. The pre-injection OCT findings and OCT findings of the patients having no posterior vitreous detachment(PVD) and determined to have partial PVD were compared. RESULTS: The separation in vitreoretinal adhesion and total PVD development of DEX-injected 56/208(26.9%) eyes were statistically greater in comparison with the 12/129(9.3%) eyes that had not been injected(P=0.001). PVD development was observed more in the patients that were younger, had larger macula thickness and lower visual acuity. CONCLUSION: It can be stated that intravitreal DEX implant induces PVD development. Prospective, controlled studies are required in order to determine prognosis of vitreoretinal disease in PVD-developed patients and in non-PVD-developed patients.

Ozurdex植入联合内界膜剥除治疗特发性黄斑前膜的效果观察

目的观察地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(Ozurdex)植入联合内界膜(ILM)剥除术治疗特发性黄斑前膜(IEM)的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析2020年1月至2023年2月佛山市第二人民医院共21例(21眼)3~4期IEM患者均接受25G经睫状体平坦部玻璃体切除术(PPV)联合IEM及ILM剥除及Ozurdex植入术治疗的效果。主要观察指标为术后1、3、6、12个月时最佳矫正视力(BCVA)和黄斑视网膜厚度(CMT)。结果术后1、3、6、12个月患者BCVA均比术前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),分别较术前改善了0.30 logMAR、0.40 logMAR、0.40 logMAR、0.50 logMAR。术后1、3、6、12个月患者CMT均比术前组改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),分别较术前下降了185.41、214.05、233.82、230.02μm。患者高眼压发生率为28.57%,PPV术后白内障手术率为46.15%,行白内障摘除术时间间隔为(6.50±1.40)个月。结论Ozurdex植入联合ILM剥除治疗IEM,可促进黄斑水肿消退、有效提高视力,但需注意白内障进展及高眼压症。

Complications of dexamethasone implants:risk factors,prevention,and clinical management

AIM:To evaluate major complications after intravitreal injection of dexamethasone implants(Ozurdex)and their clinical management.METHODS:In a retrospective observational study between 2014 and 2016 at two university hospitals,we reviewed the clinical records of 1241 consecutive macular edema patients treated with the dexamethasone implant,and separated severe adverse events in the injection procedure from those that were post-injection complications.We evaluated the cause and the outcomes in each case.RESULTS:In twenty-one procedures(1.69%)we noticed significant complications during and after intravitreal injection of the dexamethasone implant.Complications related to the injection procedure were in one case,that a second implant was injected by mistake in the same eye on the same day.In another case,the implant lodged in the sclera during retraction of the injector needle.Leaking scleral tunnel at the injection site led to hypotony in another case.There were 10 cases of post-injection displacement of the implant into the anterior chamber and one case with a migrated and trapped device between the intraocular lens and an artificial iris.Displacement typically occurred in patients with preexisting risk factors:eyes with complicated intraocular lens implantation,iris reconstruction or iris defects or pseudophakic eyes after vitrectomy were prone to develop this complication.Displacement led to secondary corneal decompensation with pseudohypopyon.One case developed an endophthalmitis,and we observed four cases of retinal detachment.Two eyes presented with long-lasting hypotony due to ciliary insufficiency.CONCLUSION:Treatment with the dexamethasone implant may cause various expected or unexpected complications that may have serious consequences for the patient and require further surgery.To reduce complications,clinicians should evaluate certain risk factors before scheduling patients for dexamethasone implant treatment and use proper injection techniques.

25G玻璃体切除联合DEX治疗PDR继发玻璃体积血伴DME

目的:评价25G玻璃体切除(PPV)联合地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(DEX)治疗增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)继发玻璃体积血伴糖尿病性黄斑水肿(DME)的临床效果。方法:前瞻性临床病例研究。选取2020-07/2022-01天津市眼科医院收治的PDR继发玻璃体积血伴DME的患者40例40眼,所有患者均行玻璃体切除和白内障超声乳化手术,随机分为PPV组(20眼)和PPV+DEX组(20眼)。比较两组患者术前,术后1、3、6mo最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、眼压及黄斑中心凹厚度(CMT)。结果:所有患者均完成术后6mo随访。术后1、3、6mo PPV+DEX组患者BCVA均优于PPV组(P<0.05)。术后1mo,PPV+DEX组CMT低于PPV组(P<0.05)。随访6mo,PPV组术后出现视网膜新生血管或CMT消退小于5%者8眼行补充抗VEGF治疗,PPV+DEX组仅有1眼(P<0.05)。结论:玻璃体切除手术联合应用地塞米松植入剂可以产生协同效应,为PDR继发玻璃体积血伴DME的患者提供更优的治疗效果。

阿达木单抗联合地塞米松玻璃体腔植入剂治疗难治性非感染性葡萄膜炎性黄斑水肿

目的:探讨阿达木单抗联合地塞米松玻璃体腔植入剂治疗难治性非感染性葡萄膜炎性黄斑水肿(UME)的效果。方法:选取2020-01/2022-01我院收治的难治性非感染性UME患者92例131眼,随机分为对照组(46例63眼,接受地塞米松玻璃体腔植入剂治疗)和观察组(46例68眼,接受阿达木单抗皮下注射联合地塞米松玻璃体腔植入剂治疗)。分别于治疗前后检测最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、中心凹视网膜厚度(CRT)、玻璃体炎性混浊程度以及Th17/Treg细胞因子水平,记录不良反应发生情况。结果:纳入患者失访3例4眼。治疗1、3、6、12 mo,两组患者BCVA均较治疗前改善,CRT、玻璃体炎性混浊程度评分、血清白细胞介素(IL)-17、IL-22水平均较治疗前降低,血清转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、IL-10水平均较治疗前升高,且观察组患者BCVA优于对照组,CRT、玻璃体炎性混浊程度评分、血清IL-17、IL-22水平均低于对照组,血清TGF-β、IL-10水平均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。治疗及随访期间,两组患者均未出现严重的不良反应。结论:阿达木单抗联合地塞米松玻璃体腔植入剂治疗难治性非感染性UME可显著促使黄斑水肿消退,减轻玻璃体炎性混浊,改善视力。

地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂Ozurdex治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的短期疗效

目的通过比较地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂Ozurdex与雷珠单抗治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion,RVO-ME)的情况,评估Ozurdex的短期临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2018年1月至12月就诊于佛山市第二人民医院眼科中心的RVO-ME患者(42例42眼)的临床资料。将其分为DEX组(11例)和抗VEGF组(31例)。观察两组患者治疗前后的最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、中央视网膜厚度(central retinal thickness,CRT)、药效持续时间(复发率)、不良反应等。结果 DEX组治疗后1个月、2个月、3个月和4个月的BCVA与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05),治疗后6个月与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.054);DEX组治疗后1个月、2个月、3个月、4个月和6个月CRT与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。抗VEGF组治疗后1个月BCVA、CRT与治疗前比较差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。治疗后1个月,DEX组与抗VEGF组间BCVA、CRT比较差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。DEX组内、抗VEGF组内及两者间视网膜分支静脉阻塞与视网膜中央静脉阻塞的BCVA、CRT比较除DXE组治疗后1个月CRT外,差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。DEX组的药效持续时间为3~4个月,抗VEGF组的药效持续时间<2个月。DEX组的高眼压发生率较抗VEGF组高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004)。结论 Ozurdex在治疗RVO-ME上有明显的短期疗效,维持时间为3~4个月(少于6个月)。眼压仍是其需密切监控的主要不良反应。

地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂Ozurdex治疗视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿的研究进展

视网膜静脉阻塞继发黄斑水肿(RVO-ME)为一种严重危害视功能的常见眼底表现,原因在于视网膜静脉血栓形成,造成视网膜毛细血管压力升高,导致血-视网膜内外屏障破坏,血管通透性增加,血管内血液成分渗透到血管外。到目前为止,抗血管内皮生长因子、玻璃体内注射曲安奈德及视网膜激光光凝等已经成为治疗RVO-ME的主要方法,但近年来地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(Ozurdex)逐渐应用于RVO-ME的治疗,其生物可降解缓释特性、能有效提高最佳矫正视力、减少中央视网膜厚度、作用时间长、安全性较好及不良反应相对较少等优点越来越受到青睐。现就Ozurdex的作用机制和药理特性,以及其对RVO-ME的治疗进展进行综述。

阿柏西普联合地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿的临床疗效观察

目的 探讨玻璃体腔注射阿柏西普联合地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂(dexamethasone intravitreal implant,DEX)治疗糖尿病黄斑水肿(diabetic macular edema,DME)的疗效。方法 选取2018年1月至2021年7月北京老年医院眼科经光学相干断层扫描和眼底荧光血管造影检查诊断为DME的患者74例(93眼),根据随机数字表法分为试验组38例(48眼)和对照组36例(45眼),分别玻璃体内注射阿柏西普联合DEX和阿柏西普,观察并比较两组患者术前、术后最佳矫正视力(best corrected visual acuity,BCVA)、黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度(central macular thickness,CMT)、注药间隔时间。结果 74例患者中男35例,女39例;年龄57~68岁,平均(63.7±4.6)岁。术后1个月、3个月和6个月时,试验组BCVA较对照组均有改善[(0.43±0.33)比(0.57±0.24),(0.31±0.19)比(0.42±0.21),(0.34±0.15)比(0.45±0.18)],且CMT较对照组均有下降[(322.34±89.10)μm比(387.16±91.27)μm,(282.21±92.10)μm比(332.27±85.35)μm,(274.35±95.16)μm比(327.25±90.27)μm],试验组平均注药间隔时间较对照组有增加[(9.07±2.15)周比(5.31±2.73)周],以上比较的差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 玻璃体腔注射阿柏西普联合DEX可以改善DME患者的视力,降低CMT,延长注药间隔时间。

地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂在非感染性葡萄膜炎继发黄斑水肿患者治疗中的作用

目的观察地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂在治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎继发黄斑水肿中的安全性和临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院2019年12月至2021年12月临床确诊的非感染性葡萄膜炎继发黄斑水肿患者30例(30眼),给予玻璃体内注射地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂治疗。所有患眼均行最佳矫正视力(BCVA)及眼压测量,并采用OCT测量黄斑中心视网膜厚度(CMT)。术后随访6个月,所有患者均于术前,术后1个月、3个月及6个月重复检测并比较BCVA、CMT。随访期间观察患者眼压变化,监测白内障进展、结膜下出血等眼部不良反应。结果患者术前及术后1个月、3个月及6个月BCVA(logMAR)分别为0.74±0.37、0.47±0.29、0.28±0.14、0.37±0.17。患者术前,术后1个月、3个月及6个月CMT分别为(372.12±99.42)μm、(298.14±82.44)μm、(278.45±62.43)μm、(289.31±56.34)μm。患者各时间点BCVA、CMT差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。与术前相比,患者术后1个月、3个月及6个月BCVA和CMT差异均有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。术后各时间点两两比较结果显示,患者BCVA和CMT差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。随访期间有6例患者出现眼压升高(≥25 mmHg,1 kPa=7.5 mmHg),经局部降眼压药物应用后降至正常水平。4例患者出现白内障进展,均无需手术治疗。结论玻璃体内注射地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂能够提高患者视力及降低CMT,有效治疗非感染性葡萄膜炎继发黄斑水肿。

地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂在特发性黄斑前膜玻璃体手术中的应用

目的比较特发性黄斑前膜患者玻璃体手术联合与不联合玻璃体腔地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂注药术后视网膜黄斑区超微结构与视功能变化。方法收集2019年1月至2022年12月接受手术治疗的特发性黄斑前膜患者94例(94只眼)。按术毕时是否联合玻璃体腔内注射地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂将患者分为注药组59例(59只眼)和对照组35例(35只眼)。2组患者行玻璃体切除术剥除黄斑前膜及内界膜,术后随访>12个月。观察2组患者手术前后最佳矫正视力(BCVA)、黄斑中心凹厚度、异常中心凹内层厚度的变化情况。结果患者术前及术后1、3、6、12个月最佳矫正视力(LogMAR)分别为0.71±0.14、0.62±0.15、0.51±0.16、0.48±0.29、0.36±0.20,注药组和对照组术后最佳矫正视力LogMAR视力均较术前明显提高(Waldχ^(2)=3428.83,P<0.001;Waldχ^(2)=445.67,P<0.001)。在术后3、6、12个月,2组间最佳矫正视力差异有统计学意义(Waldχ^(2)=8.31,P=0.004;Waldχ^(2)=11.31,P=0.001;Waldχ^(2)=22.54,P<0.001)。黄斑中心凹视网膜厚度分别为(472.64±69.69)、(423.68±83.56)、(380.08±104.98)、(319.55±95.83)、(294.55±104.88)μm,差异有统计学意义(Waldχ^(2)=1322.92,P<0.001)。在术后3、6、12个月,2组间黄斑中心凹厚度差异有统计学意义(Waldχ^(2)=12.47,P<0.001;Waldχ^(2)=21.15,P<0.001;Waldχ^(2)=28.88,P<0.001)。异常中心凹内层厚度分别为(189.87±38.22)、(164.05±40.17)、(142.08±47.80)、(112.51±52.87)、(91.49±53.25)μm,差异有统计学意义(Waldχ^(2)=969.82,P<0.001)。在术后3、6、12个月,2组间异常中心凹内层厚度差异有统计学意义(Waldχ^(2)=11.25,P=0.001;Waldχ^(2)=15.93,P<0.001;Waldχ^(2)=11.98,P=0.001)。结论特发性黄斑前膜患者术毕时玻璃体腔注射地塞米松玻璃体内植入剂可以辅助于黄斑超微结构和视功能的恢复。