Tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms in the PPAR-γ and RXR-α gene and type 2 diabetes risk:a case-control study of a Chinese Han population

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor （PPAR-γ）,which is mainly involved in adipocyte differentiation, has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. We investigated the frequencies of two common tagging polymorphisms of the PPAR-γ gene and two of PPAR-α with minor allele frequency （MAF）≥ 0.05 in the Chinese Han population and analyzed the correlation between the different genotypes and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM）. TaqMan assay was performed to test the genotypes in T2DM patients （n = 1,105） and normal controls （n = 1,107）. Serum adiponectin concentration was measured by ELISA kit. The variant genotypes rs17817276GG, rs3856806CT and rs3856806CT/TT of PPAR-γ were associated with T2DM, P = 0.023,0.037 and 0.018, respectively. Furthermore, the prevalence of haplotype GT in PPAR-γ was less frequent in the case subjects （0.3%） than in the controls （1.9%） [P 0.001,OR（95%CI）=0.13 （0.06-0.31）]. Patients with genotype TT of rs3856806 had a higher serum level of adiponectin than those with the genotype CC and CT （P = 0.031 and 0.038, respectively）. There was no statistically significant difference between patients and controls in genotype distribution of rs6537944 and rs1045570 of the RXR-α gene. The present study suggests that the variant genotypes in the PPAR-γ gene could decrease the risk for the development of T2DM in the Chinese Han population.

KCNQ1 rs2237895 gene polymorphism increases susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in Asian populations

BACKGROUND The association of single nucleotide polymorphism of KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is currently controversial.It is unknown whether this association can be gene realized across different populations.AIM To determine the association of KCNQ1 rs2237895 with T2DM and provide reliable evidence for genetic susceptibility to T2DM.METHODS We searched PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Cochrane Library,Medline,Baidu Academic,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,China Biomedical Literature Database,and Wanfang to investigate the association between KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 and the risk of T2DM up to January 12,2022.Review Manager 5.4 was used to analyze the association of the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism with T2DM and to evaluate the publication bias of the selected literature.RESULTS Twelve case–control studies(including 11273 cases and 11654 controls)met our inclusion criteria.In the full population,allelic model[odds ratio(OR):1.19;95%confidence interval(95%CI):1.09–1.29;P<0.0001],recessive model(OR:1.20;95%CI:1.11–1.29;P<0.0001),dominant model(OR:1.27.95%CI:1.14–1.42;P<0.0001),and codominant model(OR:1.36;95%CI:1.15–1.60;P=0.0003)(OR:1.22;95%CI:1.10–1.36;P=0.0002)indicated that the KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 polymorphism was significantly correlated with susceptibility to T2DM.In stratified analysis,this association was confirmed in Asian populations:allelic model(OR:1.25;95%CI:1.13–1.37;P<0.0001),recessive model(OR:1.29;95%CI:1.11–1.49;P=0.0007),dominant model(OR:1.35;95%CI:1.20–1.52;P<0.0001),codominant model(OR:1.49;95%CI:1.22–1.81;P<0.0001)(OR:1.26;95%CI:1.16–1.36;P<0.0001).In non-Asian populations,this association was not significant:Allelic model(OR:1.06,95%CI:0.98–1.14;P=0.12),recessive model(OR:1.04;95%CI:0.75–1.42;P=0.83),dominant model(OR:1.06;95%CI:0.98–1.15;P=0.15),codominant model(OR:1.08;95%CI:0.82–1.42;P=0.60.OR:1.15;95%CI:0.95–1.39;P=0.14).CONCLUSION KCNQ1 gene rs2237895 was significantly associated with susceptibility to T2DM in an Asian population.Carriers of the C allele had a higher risk of T2DM.This association was not significant in non-Asian populations.

Adiponectin gene polymorphisms and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus:A meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Adiponectin(ADIPOQ) is an important factor involved in the regulation of both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Polymorphisms in the ADIPOQ gene are known to influence an individual's predisposition to metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Moreover, women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) are at an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Several studies have been conducted previously to assess the association between ADIPOQ polymorphisms and GDM; however, the results of the association are inconclusive.AIM To quantitatively evaluate the association between ADIPOQ +45 T/G, +276 G/T,and-11377 C/G polymorphisms and the risk of GDM.METHODS A systematic search of EMBASE, PubMed, CNKI, Web of Science, and WANFANG DATA was conducted up to October 20, 2018. We calculated merged odds ratios(ORs) with 95% confidence intervals(CIs) using a fixed-effects or random-effects model depending on the between-study heterogeneity to evaluate the association between AIDPOQ +45 T/G, +276 G/T, and-11377 C/G polymorphisms and the risk of GDM. Subgroup analysis was performed by ethnicity. Publication and sensitivity bias analyses were performed to test the robustness of the association. All statistical analyses were conducted using Stata 12.0.RESULTS Nine studies of +45 T/G included 1024 GDM cases and 1059 controls, five studies of +276 G/T included 590 GDM cases and 595 controls, and five studies of-11377 C/G included 722 GDM cases and 791 controls. Pooled ORs indicated that+45 T/G increased GDM risk in Asians(allelic model: OR = 1.47, 95%CI: 1.27-1.70,P = 0.000; dominant model: OR = 1.54, 95%CI: 1.27-1.85, P = 0.000; recessive model: OR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.43-2.85, P = 0.000), not in South Americans(allelic model: OR = 1.21, 95%CI: 0.68-2.41, P = 0.510; dominant model: OR = 1.13, 95%CI:,0.59-2.15, P = 0.710; recessive model: OR = 2.18, 95%CI: 0.43-11.07, P = 0.350).There were no significant associations between +276 G/T(allelic model: OR = 0.88,95%CI: 0.74-1.05, P = 0.158; dominant model: OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.65-1.26, P =0.561; recessive model: OR = 0.82, 95%CI: 0.64-1.05, P = 0.118) or-11377 C/G(allelic model: OR = 0.96, 95%CI: 0.72-1.26, P = 0.750; dominant model: OR = 1.00,95%CI: 0.73-1.37, P = 0.980; recessive model: OR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.61-1.32, P =0.570) and the risk of GDM.CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis shows the critical role of the ADIPOQ +45 T/G polymorphism in GDM, especially in Asians. Studies focused on delineating ethnicity-specific factors with larger sample sizes are needed.

Gene-gene,gene-environment,gene-nutrient interactions and single nucleotide polymorphisms of inflammatory cytokines

Inflammation plays a significant role in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).The rise in the pro-inflammatory cytokines is the essential step in glucotoxicity and lipotoxicity induced mitochondrial injury,oxidative stress and beta cell apoptosis in T2 DM.Among the recognized markers are interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1,IL-10,IL-18,tissue necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),C-reactive protein,resistin,adiponectin,tissue plasminogen activator,fibrinogen and heptoglobins.Diabetes mellitus has firm genetic and very strong environmental influence; exhibiting a polygenic mode of inheritance.Many single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in various genes including those of pro and antiinflammatory cytokines have been reported as a risk for T2 DM.Not all the SNPs have been confirmed by unifying results in different studies and wide variations have been reported in various ethnic groups.The inter-ethnic variations can be explained by the fact that gene expression may be regulated by gene-gene,gene-environment and gene-nutrient interactions.This review highlights the impact of these interactions on determining the role of single nucleotide polymorphism of IL-6,TNF-α,resistin and adiponectin in pathogenesis of T2 DM.

Genotype-based precision nutrition strategies for the prediction and clinical management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Globally,type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is one of the most common metabolic disorders.T2DM physiopathology is influenced by complex interrelationships between genetic,metabolic and lifestyle factors(including diet),which differ between populations and geographic regions.In fact,excessive consumptions of high fat/high sugar foods generally increase the risk of developing T2DM,whereas habitual intakes of plant-based healthy diets usually exert a protective effect.Moreover,genomic studies have allowed the characterization of sequence DNA variants across the human genome,some of which may affect gene expression and protein functions relevant for glucose homeostasis.This comprehensive literature review covers the impact of gene-diet interactions on T2DM susceptibility and disease progression,some of which have demonstrated a value as biomarkers of personal responses to certain nutritional interventions.Also,novel genotype-based dietary strategies have been developed for improving T2DM control in comparison to general lifestyle recommendations.Furthermore,progresses in other omics areas(epigenomics,metagenomics,proteomics,and metabolomics)are improving current understanding of genetic insights in T2DM clinical outcomes.Although more investigation is still needed,the analysis of the genetic make-up may help to decipher new paradigms in the pathophysiology of T2DM as well as offer further opportunities to personalize the screening,prevention,diagnosis,management,and prognosis of T2DM through precision nutrition.

MMP-2 gene polymorphisms in type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy

AIMTo study the association between polymorphisms of the MMP-2 gene and diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Affection of Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms in miR-27a, miR-124a, and miR-146a on Susceptibility to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Chinese Han People

Background：Polymorphisms of microRNA （miRNA）,as a novel mechanism,are closely associated with disease states by interfering with miRNA function.Direct correlations have been identified between single-nucleotide polymorphisms （SNPs） in miRNA,but the effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） onset among Chinese population remains unclear.Therefore,the aim of this study was to identify correlations between common SNPs in miR-27a,miR-146a,and miR-124a with T2DM among a Chinese population,as well as to explore diabetic pathological mechanisms and the impact of environmental factors.Methods：SNPscan technology was used to genotype 995 patients newly diagnosed with T2DM and 967 controls.Logistic regression analysis was performed to compare mutation frequencies between cases and controls.Results：We found no significant correlations between all genotypes of these miRNAs and T2DM in our research.However,stratification analysis identified a lower risk of T2DM associated with the rs531564GC genotype among younger subjects （age ＜ 45 years） （adjusted P =0.043; odds ratio [OR] =0.73; 95％ confidence interval [CI] =0.54-0.99）.Furthermore,the rs895819CC genotype in overweight people （24 ＜ body mass index [BMI] ＜ 28） was significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM （adjusted P =0.042; OR =1.73; 95％ CI =1.02-2.94）,while the rs2910164 genotype in miR-146a was not significantly correlated with T2DM.The genetic risk score was calculated based on the number of risk alleles of the three SNPs and was found to be correlated to total cholesterol （adjusted P =0.021）.Conclusions：The rs531564GC genotype acted as a protective factor to decrease the risk of T2DM in younger subjects （age ＜ 45 years）,while the presence of the rs895819CC genotype increased the risk of illness among overweight subjects （24 ＜ BMI ＜ 28 kg/m2）.The presence of SNPs in miRNA might promote disease by affecting miRNA expression and gene function.Thus,miRNA mimics or inhibitors that directly regulate miRNA expression present novel and promising therapeutic targets.

Interleukin-6-174G/C polymorphism is associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus

BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C(CHC)is associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Although the pathogenesis remains to be elucidated,a growing evidence has suggested a role of pro-inflammatory immune response.Increased serum concentrations of Interleukin 6(IL-6)have been associated with insulin resistance,type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as advanced forms of liver disease in chronic hepatitis C infection.AIM To investigate the frequency of IL-6-174G/C(rs1800795)single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)in CHC patients and in healthy subjects of the same ethnicity.Associations between type 2 diabetes mellitus(dependent variable)and demographic,clinical,nutritional,virological and,IL-6 genotyping data were also investigated in CHC patients.METHODS Two hundred and forty-five patients with CHC and 179 healthy control subjects(blood donors)were prospectively included.Type 2 diabetes mellitus was diagnosed according to the criteria of the American Diabetes Association.Clinical,biochemical,histological and radiological methods were used for the diagnosis of the liver disease.IL-6 polymorphism was evaluated by Taqman SNP genotyping assay.The data were analysed by logistic regression models.RESULTS Type 2 diabetes mellitus,blood hypertension and liver cirrhosis were observed in 20.8%(51/245),40.0%(98/245)and 38.4%(94/245)of the patients,respectively.The frequency of the studied IL-6 SNP did not differ between the CHC patients and controls(P=0.81)and all alleles were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium(P=0.38).In the multivariate analysis,type 2 diabetes mellitus was inversely associated with GC and CC genotypes of IL-6-174(OR=0.42;95%CI=0.22-0.78;P=0.006)and positively associated with blood hypertension(OR=5.56;95%CI=2.79-11.09;P<0.001).CONCLUSION This study was the first to show that GC and CC genotypes of IL-6-174 SNP are associated with a decreased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients chronically infected with hepatitis C virus.The identification of potential inflammatory mediators involved in the crosstalk between hepatitis C virus and the axis pancreas-liver remains important issues that deserve further investigations.

Expression quantitative trait analyses to identify causal genetic variants for type 2 diabetes susceptibility

Type 2 diabetes(T2D) is a common metabolic disorder which is caused by multiple genetic perturbations affecting different biological pathways. Identifying genetic factors modulating the susceptibility of this complex heterogeneous metabolic phenotype in different ethnic and racial groups remains challenging. Despite recent success, the functional role of the T2D susceptibility variants implicated by genome-wide association studies(GWAS) remains largely unknown. Genetic dissection of transcript abundance or expression quantitative trait(eQTL) analysis unravels the genomic architecture of regulatory variants. Availability of eQTL information from tissues relevant for glucose homeostasis in humans opens a new avenue to prioritize GWASimplicated variants that may be involved in triggering a causal chain of events leading to T2D. In this article, we review the progress made in the field of eQTL research and knowledge gained from those studies in understanding transcription regulatory mechanisms in human subjects. We highlight several novel approaches that can integrate eQTL analysis with multiple layers of biological information to identify ethnic-specific causal variants and gene-environment interactions relevant to T2D pathogenesis. Finally, we discuss how the eQTL analysis mediated search for "missing heritability" may lead us to novel biological and molecular mechanisms involved in susceptibility to T2D.

PXR基因单核苷酸多态性与2型糖尿病患病风险的关系

目的探讨孕烷X受体(PXR)基因单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与2型糖尿病(T2DM)患病风险的关系。方法选择T2DM患者285例(观察组)、同期体检健康的志愿者230例(对照组),采集所有研究对象空腹外周静脉血,提取基因组DNA,然后对PXR基因rs1523127、rs3814055、rs6785049位点进行测序和基因分型;采用ELISA法检测血清PXR、葡萄糖转运体2(GLUT2)、葡萄糖激酶(GCK)。比较两组PXR基因rs1523127、rs3814055、rs6785049位点基因型及等位基因频率,以及血清PXR、GLUT2、GCK水平。分析PXR基因SNP与T2DM患病风险的关系。结果经Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡检验,两组PXR基因不同位点基因型、等位基因频率均符合遗传平衡定律。两组PXR基因rs1523127、rs6785049位点基因型及等位基因频率比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。观察组PXR基因rs3814055位点CT/TT基因型及T等位基因频率均高于对照组(P均<0.05),携带CT、TT基因型者罹患T2DM的优势比(OR)分别为携带CC基因型者的1.591、2.398倍,携带T等位基因者罹患T2DM的OR为携带C等位基因者的1.638倍。观察组血清PXR水平高于对照组,血清GLUT2、GCK水平低于对照组(P均<0.05)。T2DM患者PXR基因rs3814055位点CT/TT基因型者血清PXR水平高于CC基因型者,血清GLUT2、GCK水平低于CC基因型者(P均<0.05)。结论PXR基因rs3814055位点C等位基因突变为T等位基因能够增加其转录活性,抑制血清GLUT2、GCK水平,使其糖耐量受损,进而增加T2DM的患病风险。

2型糖尿病对各年龄段全身骨密度影响的两样本孟德尔随机化分析

背景:流行病学研究显示2型糖尿病与骨密度存在相关性,但两者间的因果关联以及是否与年龄有关仍是未知。目的:基于孟德尔随机化技术研究2型糖尿病与不分年龄段及各年龄段全身骨密度的相关性。方法:从布里斯托尔大学的IEU GWAS数据库中选择2型糖尿病与各年龄段骨密度的GWAS数据,其中暴露数据集中获取与2型糖尿病具有显著相关性的单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism,SNP)作为工具变量,将各年龄段骨密度选定为结局变量,采用逆方差加权法、加权中位数法以及MR-Egger回归进行2型糖尿病与骨密度的两样本孟德尔随机化分析,以β值来评价2型糖尿病与各年龄段骨密度之间的因果关系。结果与结论:(1)从GWAS汇总数据共提取118个SNP作为工具变量,MR-Egger回归结果显示不存在水平多效性,但存在异质性,因此研究以逆方差加权法结果为准。(2)逆方差加权法结果显示,2型糖尿病可能是骨密度的潜在保护性因素,且与年龄存在相关性[未指定年龄骨密度(β=0.038,95%CI:1.01-1.07,P=0.002),>60岁骨密度(β=0.052,95%CI:1.01-1.09,P=0.027),>45-60岁骨密度(β=0.049,95%CI:1.01-1.09,P=0.009),>30-45岁骨密度(β=0.033,95%CI:0.99-1.07,P=0.127),>15-30岁骨密度(β=0.025,95%CI:0.95-1.10,P=0.506),0-15岁骨密度(β=0.006,95%CI:0.96-1.04,P=0.716)]。MR-Egger回归及加权中位数也有类似结果。(3)结果表明2型糖尿病可能是骨密度的保护性因素之一,且与年龄存在相关性。

妊娠期糖尿病患者孕期铁代谢水平与IRS-2基因单核苷酸多态性的关系

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者IRS-2基因的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与血清铁代谢水平之间的关系。方法:选取2018年1月至2023年3月在温州市中心医院接受治疗的50例GDM患者作为观察组,50例正常孕妇作为对照组。2组均在孕期12周进行首次产前检查,GDM组在孕期24~28周被确诊。检测空腹血糖、胰岛素、C肽、血清铁、转铁蛋白、转铁蛋白各项指标及IRS-2基因序列。结果:GDM组的糖代谢指标(空腹血糖、胰岛素、C肽、胰岛素抵抗指数)及铁代谢指标(血清铁、转铁蛋白)均明显高于正常孕妇组(P<0.05)。在IRS-2基因1057位点,两组共检出3种遗传型,包括纯合野生(GG)、杂合子(GD)和纯合突变体(DD)。相比于GG遗传型个体,GD遗传型(OR=4.19,95%CI=1.63~10.76,P=0.003)与DD遗传型(OR=10.67,95%CI=2.96~38.40,P<0.001)个体的GDM患病风险均显著增高。同时,GD和DD个体的铁代谢水平明显高于GG个体(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠期人群中,IRS-2基因1057位点的SNP与GDM的发生及血清铁代谢异常蓄积具有显著相关性。

脂联素基因多态性与2型糖尿病的关系

目的研究脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性 (SNP) 4 5T→G和 2 76G→T两个位点与上海地区汉族人 2型糖尿病之间的关系。方法采用病例—对照研究方法 ,以聚合酶链式反应—限制性内切酶长度多态性 (PCR RFLP)技术 ,对 195例 2型糖尿病患者和 187例正常对照者脂联素基因SNP4 5、SNP2 76多态性位点进行基因分型。结果SNP4 5和SNP2 6 7两个多态性位点的基因型和等位基因频率在 2型糖尿病组和正常对照组中的分布无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ;各组中TG单倍型纯合携带者 (TG/TG)与TG单倍型杂合携带者 (TG/X)或未携带者 (X/X)的体重指数比较均无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论脂联素基因的SNP4 5和SNP2 76多态性位点与上海地区汉族人群中 2型糖尿病无明显相关性。

PPARG基因单核苷酸多态性与2型糖尿病血脂异常的相关性研究

目的研究PPARG基因单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)与中国汉族2型糖尿病(DM)及血脂异常的关系。方法测定593例2型DM患者及626名正常健康者SNPs rs1801282、rs12636454和rs11128597基因型,分析其与2型DM及血脂水平的关系。基因分型采用单碱基延伸法(SBE)。结果2型DM组SNPs rs1801282、rs12636454和rs11128597基因型及等位基因频率分布与对照组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2型DM组中rs1801282 AB+BB基因型总胆固醇(TC)、血糖和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平显著高于AA基因型(P均<0.01)。rs12636454 AA基因型三酰甘油(TG)水平高于AB+BB基因型(P<0.05)。rs11128597 AA基因型血糖水平高于AB+BB基因型(P<0.01)。结论PPARG基因与中国汉族人2型DM无直接相关,但可能参与2型DM的血糖水平和脂质代谢的调节。

维生素D受体基因多态性与2型糖尿病易患性的Meta分析

目的定量分析维生素D受体(VDR)基因(ApaI、BsmI、FokI、TaqI)多态性与2型糖尿病(T2DM)易患性的关系。方法检索PubMed、EMBase、中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、维普网、万方数据库从建库到2013年4月发表的文献,对符合纳入和排除标准的病例对照研究按照Cochrane系统评价员手册4.2.2进行系统评价,运用Stata 12.0进行Meta分析。结果纳入33篇文献共59个研究(ApaI:14;BsmI:18;FokI:13;TaqI:14),Meta分析结果显示FokI位点单核苷酸多态性与T2DM易患性存在相关性〔等位基因f与F:OR=1.31,95%CI(1.09,1.57),P=0.004〕,其中亚洲人关联更为明显〔等位基因f与F:OR=1.34,95%CI(1.09,1.65),P=0.005〕,而ApaI、BsmI、TaqI位点单核苷酸多态性与T2DM易患性不存在相关性。结论VDR基因FokI位点单核苷酸多态性与T2DM发病风险相关,其中f可能为T2DM的易患基因。

维生素D受体基因FokⅠ及BsmⅠ多态性与老年男性2型糖尿病脂代谢异常的相关性

目的探讨维生素D受体(VDR)基因FokⅠ和BsmⅠ位点多态性与北京地区汉族老年男性2型糖尿病脂代谢异常的相关性。方法采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术(PCR-RFLP)和基因测序技术,检测328例北京汉族老年男性VDR基因FokⅠ和BsmⅠ位点基因型和等位基因频率,同时与相关临床指标进行比较。其中2型糖尿病患者(DM组)237例与正常对照(NC组)91例。根据血脂情况将DM组分为非血脂异常组(DO组)134例和血脂异常组(DH组)103例。结果 VDR基因FokⅠ和BsmⅠ位点基因频率分布符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡,具有群体代表性。VDR基因FokⅠ位点F等位基因频率在DM组较NC组显著升高(χ2=3.873,P=0.049,OR=1.439,95%CI:1.001-2.071)。在显性模型下,DM组FF基因型频率较NC组显著升高(χ2=5.057,P=0.025,OR=1.756,95%CI:1.072-2.875);DH组FF基因型频率较NC组显著升高(χ2=6.168,P=0.013,OR=2.06,95%CI:1.161-3.663);其余各组组间比较,基因型及等位基因频率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);与Ff+ff基因型比较,FF基因型人群的平均舒张压水平显著降低,而餐后2 h血糖、甘油三酯、尿酸的水平显著升高,差异有统计学意义(分别是P=0.039;P=0.035;P=0.049;P=0.031)。BsmⅠ位点基因型及等位基因频率在各组间的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。bb基因型人群血肌酐水平显著高于BB+Bb基因型,差异有统计学意义(P=0.011)。结论 VDR基因FokⅠ位点多态性可能是老年男性2型糖尿病合并脂代谢异常的危险因素,而BsmⅠ多态性可能与老年男性2型糖尿病无相关。

TCF7L2基因rs7903146和rs11196218单核苷酸多态性与新诊断2型糖尿病患者早相胰岛素分泌的相关性分析

目的探讨重庆地区汉族人群中转录因子7类似物2(TCF7L2)基因rs7903146和rs11196218单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)与新诊断2型糖尿病(T2DM)早相胰岛素分泌的相关性。方法采用病例-对照研究方法,设新诊T2DM组(n=227)和正常对照组(n=152),采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)技术对rs7903146和rs11196218位点进行SNPs分型。结果新诊T2DM组和正常对照组rs7903146位点风险等位基因频率(MAF)分别为5.73%和4.28%,二者间差异无统计学意义。Logistic回归无论以共显性、显性、或是隐性模式分析,rs7903146和rs11196218位点的SNPs均与T2DM无显著相关性(P>0.05)。Rs7903146位点的SNPs与ΔI30/ΔG30相关(OR=1.012,95%CI 1.000～1.025,P=0.05),T风险等位基因携带者的ΔI30/ΔG30显著高于未携带者(P=0.0385)。结论尚未发现重庆地区汉族人群TCF7L2基因rs7903146和rs11196218位点SNPs与T2DM的相关性,但rs7903146位点的基因多态性可能与早相胰岛素分泌有关。

脂联素基因启动子区-11377C/G单核苷酸多态性与陕西汉族人血清脂联素水平和2型糖尿病的关系

目的探讨中国陕西地区汉族人群脂联素基因启动子区-11377C/G单核苷酸多态性(SNPs-11377C/G)和血清脂联素水平与2型糖尿病的关系.方法研究对象304例,其中2型糖尿病203例,非糖尿病对照101例,用PCR-RFLP方法鉴定SNPs-11377C/G,进行了OGTT(75g葡萄糖)及胰岛素释放实验,测定脂联素、血脂、血糖、胰岛素水平并计算Homa胰岛素分泌和抵抗指数.结果2型糖尿病组血清脂联素水平明显低于非糖尿病对照组(mg/L,12.8±6.5vs15.0±6.9,P<0.05).SNPs-11377C/G基因型和等位基因频率在糖尿病和非糖尿病对照组间分布无统计学差异(P>0.05),非糖尿病组-11377GG基因型脂联素水平明显低于CC基因型,而TG明显高于CC基因型(P<0.05).结论脂联素基因启动子区SNPs-11377C/G与陕西地区汉族人血清脂联素水平相关,提示这一基因位点多态性可能增加陕西地区汉族人2型糖尿病的遗传风险.

脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)及妊娠结局的关系研究

目的:探讨脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性+45T/G及+276G/T与妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)及妊娠结局的关系。方法:采用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)技术对158例GDM孕妇(GDM组)、128例妊娠期糖耐量异常孕妇(GIGT组)及120例糖耐量正常孕妇(对照组)脂联素基因启动子多态性位点(+45T/G和+276G/T)进行分析,并随访分析脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性与相应妊娠结局的关系。结果:①单核苷酸多态性+45T/G:3组基因型频率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);GDM组和GIGT组的G等位基因频率均高于对照组(P<0.05);携带G等位基因(杂合子TG型+纯合子突变GG型)的GDM组和GIGT组孕妇,其新生儿低血糖、巨大儿及新生儿窒息的发生率均明显高于未携带G等位基因(野生TT型)者(P<0.05);②单核苷酸多态性+276G/T:3组间的基因型及等位基因频率分布比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);3组间携带突变T基因(杂合子GT型+纯合子突变TT型)的巨大儿、新生儿低血糖及新生儿窒息发生率与无突变T基因(野生GG型)者相比,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:脂联素基因单核苷酸多态性+45T/G与GDM的发生存在一定关联,亦与其妊娠结局有关;单核苷酸多态性+276G/T与GDM的发生及妊娠结局无明显关联。

中国汉族人群SLC30A8基因rs13266634多态性与2型糖尿病的关联

目的研究中国汉族人群solute carrier family 30,member 8(SLC30A8)基因rs13266634单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的等位基因、基因型频率分布及其与代谢指标的关系,了解该基因与2型糖尿病(T2DM)的相关性。方法应用聚合酶链结合限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)方法对765例[T2DM患者(T2DM组) 454例、健康者(NC组)311名]重庆及周边地区汉族人rs13266634进行基因分型;同时进行人体测量学及代谢指标的检测,并分别采用稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)及胰岛B细胞分泌功能指数(HOMA-β)评估胰岛素抵抗和胰岛B细胞功能。结果T2DM组中rs13266634的C等位基因频率、CC基因型频率分别为57.6%和33.5%,均显著高于NC组的50.6%和28.0%(P值均<0.05);而T2DM组的TT基因型频率为18.3%,显著低于NC组的26.7%(P<0.05)。C等位基因携带者患T2DM的风险是T等位基因的1.36倍(OR=1.36,95% CI为1.11～1.67);CT和CC基因型患T2DM的危险显著增加,分别为TT型的1.55倍(OR=1.55,95% CI为1.07～2.25,X^2=5.42,P=0.02)和1.75倍(OR=1.75,95% CI为1.17～2.61,X^2= 7.38,P=0.006)。此外,通过对代谢指标的比较分析发现C等位基因可能与胰岛素分泌减少有关。结论SLC30A8基因rs13266634多态性位点的C等位基因可能是T2DM的风险等位基因,SLC30A8基因可能是中国汉族人T2DM的易感基因之一。