Efficacy of tadalafil on improvement of men with erectile dysfunction caused by COVID-19:A randomized placebo-controlled trial

Objective: According to the high prevalence of COVID-19 and the subsequent risk of men's sexual health, we decided to investigate the efficacy of tadalafil on improvement of men with erectile dysfunction caused by COVID-19.Methods: In this study, 70 outpatients who were recovered from COVID-19 without acute respiratory distress syndrome with negative polymerase chain reaction test and a complaint of erectile dysfunction were divided into two groups: 35 patients who received tadalafil 5 mg daily and 35 who received placebo. For each patient, basic assessment of sexual function was performed using the 5-item version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) questionnaire. Then, treatment was started from 2 months after complete recovery of COVID-19 with negative polymerase chain reaction test for 3 months. At the end of the treatments, the patients were re-evaluated for sexual function using the complete version of IIEF questionnaire. Finally, the results before and after treatment in the intervention group were compared with those of the control group.Results: Treatment with both tadalafil and placebo improved the patients' sexual function criteria compared to the baseline. However, this improvement was significantly higher in the intervention group with tadalafil than the control group with placebo (p<0.05).Conclusion: Daily administration of tadalafil 5 mg seems to be effective and safe for improvement of erectile dysfunction caused by COVID-19.

Pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes mellitus-related erectile dysfunction: current therapies and potential challenges

Erectile dysfunction(ED)is one of the important complications of diabetes,which is very common in diabetic patients,affecting more than half of male patients,and the incidence of the disease is about 3.5 times that of the normal population.The pathogenesis of diabetic erectile dysfunction(DMED)is complex,involving nerve,vascular,endocrine,muscular and psychological aspects.At present,the therapeutic approaches of DMED include drug therapy,surgery,physical therapy and so on.This article provides a review of current research on the pathogenesis and treatment of DMED.Further elucidation of the pathogenesis of DMED and the development of new therapeutic approaches are of great significance for the prevention and treatment of DMED.

Electrophysiological evaluation of alterations in penile sensation due to penile prosthesis implantation in patients with erectile dysfunction

Objective The present study was aimed to determine the effect of penile prosthesis implantation(PPI)surgery on penile sensation by evaluating the penile electromyography(EMG)variables.Methods The research was designed as a prospective study.Thirty patients who were diagnosed with organic erectile dysfunction and had underwent PPI surgery between January 2017 and January 2018 in the Urology Clinic of Antalya Training and Research Hospital were included in this study.Penile sensory EMG was performed on each patient 1 day prior to the surgery by the Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation clinic.Additionally,the control EMG study was also performed in the 3rd and 6th postoperative months.Results We included 27 patients in this study who attended regular follow-ups and had complete EMG results.Out of the 27 patients,23(85.2%)patients had received malleable(ProMedon)penile prosthesis,one(3.7%)patient had received a two-piece inflatable(Ambicor)penile prosthesis,and three(11.1%)patients had received a three-piece inflatable(AMS 700 CXR)penile prosthesis.The mean nerve conduction value(NCV)of the patients was 29.85(standard derivation:22.54;range:0-78.4)m/s during the preoperative period,whereas it was 27.64(standard derivation:24.72;range:0-83.3)m/s in the 3rd postoperative month and 24.80(standard derivation:22.31;range:0-88.4)m/s in the 6th postoperative month.There was no significant difference between preoperative NCV and 3rd postoperative month NCV(p=0.607).Similarly,no significant difference was observed between preoperative NCV and 6th postoperative month NCV(p=0.276).Additionally,the change between NCV values at postoperative 3rd and 6th months was not statistically significant(p=0.553).Conclusion Significant loss of penile sensation does not occur in patients who undergo PPI surgery.

Frequency and Associated Factors of Erectile Dysfunction among Patients with Liver Cirrhosis in Parakou, Republic of Benin in 2022

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction is a pathology less expressed by patients, but it affects their quality of life. The objective of this work is to study erectile dysfunction among patients with cirrhosis in Parakou in 2022. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection, conducted from February 1 to June 30, 2022 at the Teaching Hospital of Borgou/Alibori and the Military Teaching Hospital of Parakou. Men with liver cirrhosis who gave their informed verbal consent were included. Erectile dysfunction was diagnosed using IIEF-5 score. The prognosis of cirrhosis was assessed using Child-Pugh score. The data were analyzed by Epi Data analysis 2.3 software. Results: A total of 64 patients were included. Their mean age was 43.53 ± 13.13 years. Cirrhosis was secondary to chronic hepatitis B virus infection in 55 patients (85.94%). In this study, 42 patients (65.63%) had at least one decompensation of cirrhosis. Among the 64 patients included, 27 (42.18%) had erectile dysfunction. This erectile dysfunction was moderate in 12 patients (44.44%). The other sexual disorders found in these patients were decreased libido and ejaculation disorders. After multivariate analysis, the factors statistically associated with erectile dysfunction were: age (p Conclusion: Erectile dysfunction is common in patients with liver cirrhosis. It is more frequent when the cirrhosis is complicated and the patients are elderly. Nevertheless, it should be systematically sought in any patient with liver cirrhosis.

Mechanism of the Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in treating diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction based on the CaSR/Gq-PLC-PKC pathway

Background:To investigate the mechanism of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in the treatment of diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction.Methods:Rats with diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction were developed using streptozocin and randomly assigned into model,low-dose herbal,and high-dose herbal groups.All rats were administered normal saline or the corresponding drugs by oral gavage for 4 weeks.The related indices were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays,immunohistochemistry,western blotting,and transmission electron microscopy.Results:The levels of lectin-like oxidized low-density protein receptor-1,endothelin-1,NADH oxidase,vascular cell adhesion molecule-1,and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in the model group were significantly higher than they were in the mock group but lower than they were in the herbal treatment group.The level of nitric oxide was lower in the model group than was in the mock group but higher than the level in the herbal treatment group.The calcium-sensitive receptor,phospho-protein kinase Cδ/protein kinase Cδ,phosphorylated c-Jun amino-terminal kinase/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase,and phospho-P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase/P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase expression levels in the model group were higher than were in the mock group but lower than were in the herbal treatment group.The structures of the Corpus cavernosum penis endothelial cells were significantly improved in the herbal treatment group than they did in the model group.Conclusion:Xuefu Zhuyu decoction can decrease injury to the endothelium,improve vascular endothelial diastolic and contractive function,and inhibit vascular fibrosis in rats with diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction.This mechanism may be related to the CaSR/Gq-PLC-PKC pathway.

Headaches and Erectile Dysfunction Medications at UTH-Kara (Togo)

Introduction: Headaches are a common symptom affecting individuals worldwide, including in the tropical zone, and have been extensively studied in Togo. Phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors, commonly prescribed for erectile dysfunction, are known to induce headaches, yet there is a lack of research on this topic in sub-Saharan Africa and Togo. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from February 1st to June 30th, 2023, including adult patients seeking erectile dysfunction treatment and prescribed PDE-5 inhibitors. Results: A total of 28 patients were included in the study, with an average age of 34.46 ± 7.5 years. The age group of 30 - 39 years was the most represented (53.57%). Among the participants, 67.86% had a history of chronic headaches. During the intake of PDE-5 inhibitors, 71.43% reported the onset of headaches. Among the 19 patients with chronic headaches, 68.42% developed headaches following PDE-5 inhibitor use (RR = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.55 - 1.40, p = 0.484). The characteristics of the induced headaches were similar to the patients’ pre-existing headaches in 78.95% of cases. Additional symptoms included nasal congestion (36.84%) and an urge to have a bowel movement (26.32%). Sildenafil (75.00%) and Tadalafil (25.00%) were the primarily prescribed PDE-5 inhibitors. The incidence of headaches did not significantly differ between the two groups (RR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.67 - 2.64, p = 0.306). Treatment for the induced headaches involved self-medication with paracetamol (65.00%) and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (35.00%). Conclusion: Headaches induced by PDE-5 inhibitors are a well-established reality, emphasizing the need for caution and warning in patients with pre-existing headache conditions, while individualized approaches are necessary to address the potential interplay between migraine medications and erectile dysfunction treatments.

Prevalence and Factors Associated with Erectile Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients at the National University Hospital Center Hubert Koutoukou Maga in Cotonou

Erectile dysfunction was one of the most common complications in diabetic patients. According to several studies, its prevalence was two to three times higher in diabetics than in the general population. But it has often been overlooked despite the fact that it seriously affects the quality of life. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of erectile dysfunction and its associated factors in diabetics’ patients. This was a cross-sectional analysis study of 76 male diabetic patients who consulted by the Department of Endocrinology from June 22, 2019 to September 25, 2019. Erectile dysfunction was diagnosed by calculating the IIEF score. Statistical comparisons were made between patients without and with Erectile dysfunction chi-square test with a significance level p Conclusion: This study showed a high prevalence of erectile dysfunction in diabetics. Significant concomitant factors were hypertension, diabetes imbalance and the duration of diabetes. It was, therefore, important to include systematic screening for erectile dysfunction at least annually, as well as other complications of diabetes.

Epidemio-Clinical Aspects of Ecrectile Dysfunction in Type 2 Diabetics at Abeche Chu

Introduction: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a frequent complication of diabetes and more frequently affects type 2 diabetics. It is often unrecognised or its management is delayed because it is often overshadowed by other complications. The aim of our study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of ED. Patients and Method: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study over an 8-month period from April to December 2021, of type 2 diabetic subjects with erectile dysfunction (ED) seen at the University Hospital of Abeche. Erectile function was assessed using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEFS5). Results: Out of a total of 112 patients with type 2 diabetes, 64 agreed to take part in the study. Only 40 patients correctly completed the survey form. Of these, 34 (85%) had erectile dysfunction. On average, our patients were over 49.4 years old, and 55.9% of them had had diabetes for more than 10 years. Erectile dysfunction had affected the social life of 21 patients (61.76% of cases) and 28 (82.35%) had not been informed by a healthcare professional. Most of them, 31 cases or 91.17%, had never told their GP about their erectile dysfunction. The patients who thought that diabetes had an influence on their erectile dysfunction represented 74%. Diabetes was poorly controlled in 22 patients (64.70%). According to the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF5), 85% of diabetic patients suffer from erectile dysfunction, including 28.6% with severe erectile dysfunction, 35.7% with moderate erectile dysfunction and 14.3% with mild erectile dysfunction. Erectile dysfunction was significantly more frequent in diabetics with arterial hypertension and poor diabetic control. Conclusion: The hospital prevalence of erectile dysfunction in our patients is high. Early detection of this disorder therefore remains a challenge to be met in order to organise better psychological and drug treatment.

Association of erectile dysfunction with depression in patients with chronic viral hepatitis

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of erectile dysfunction(ED) and its association with depression in patients with chronic viral hepatitis.METHODS: This single center cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2013 through January 2014. All outpatients with chronic viral hepatitis in our liver clinic between 18 and 80 years of age were considered eligible for this study. The exclusion criteria included well-established causes of ED, such as diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, alcohol abuse, liver cirrhosis, ischemic heart disease, renal disease, neurologic disease, and malignancy. We also excluded the patients who had incompletely answered the questionnaires. ED was assessed using the validated Korean version of the International Index of Erectile Function(IIEF-5) scale. The Korean version of the self-administered Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) scale was used to assess depression in the patients. Demographic and medical data were obtained from the patients' medical records. Current or past history of psychiatric diagnosis and drug history including the use of an antiviral agent and an antidepressant were also recorded. RESULTS: A total of 727 patients met the initial eligibility criteria. Six hundred seventeen patients were excluded because their medical records contained one or more of the previously determined exclusion criteria. The remaining 110 patients were assessed based on the BDI and IIEF-5 questionnaires. Based on the IIEF-5 scale, the prevalence of ED among patients with chronic viral hepatitis was 40%. Compared with the non-ED group, patients in the ED group were older. The proportion of patients in the ED group who had a job or who were na?ve peg-interferon users was lower than that in patients in the non-ED group. Patients with ED had significantly lower scores on the IIEF-5 scale than patients without ED(11.75 ± 4.88 vs 21.33 ± 1.86, P = 0.000). Patients with ED rated significantly higher scores on the BDI scale compared with patients without ED(12.59 ± 7.08 vs 5.30 ± 4.00, P = 0.000). Also, the IIEF-5 scores were negatively correlated with age, employment, and BDI scores. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, age and depression were independently associated with erectile dysfunction(P =0.019 and 0.000,respectively).CONCLUSION:Patients with chronic viral hepatitis have a high prevalence of ED.Age and depression are independent factors for ED in male patients with chronic viral hepatitis.

Stem cell therapy and diabetic erectile dysfunction:A critical review

Erectile dysfunction(ED)has been identified as one of the most frequent chronic complications of diabetes mellitus(DM).The prevalence of ED is estimated to be about 67.4%in all DM cases worldwide.The pathophysiological process leading to ED involves endothelial,neurological,hormonal,and psychological factors.In DM,endothelial and neurological factors play a crucial role.Damages in the blood vessels and erectile tissue due to insulin resistance are the hallmark of ED in DM.The current treatments for ED include phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors and penile prosthesis surgery.However,these treatments are limited in terms of just relieving the symptoms,but not resolving the cause of the problem.The use of stem cells for treating ED is currently being studied mostly in experimental animals.The stem cells used are derived from adipose tissue,bone,or human urine.Most of the studies observed an improvement in erectile quality in the experimental animals as well as an improvement in erectile tissue.However,research on stem cell therapy for ED in humans remains to be limited.Nevertheless,significant findings from studies using animal models indicate a potential use of stem cells in the treatment of ED.

Prevalence and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in three cities of China: a community-based study

Aim:To determine the age-adjusted prevalence of erectile dysfunction (ED) in 3 big cities of China and to explore its potential sociodemographic, medical and lifestyle correlates. Methods: A crosssectional, population-based survey was conducted in three cities of China. Structured questionnaires were administered to 2 226 men, aged 20-86 years, by trained interviewers. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of ED was 28.34% (mild 15.99%,moderate 7.14%, severe 5.21%). In the men above 40, the prevalence was 40.2%. Age was positively correlated with ED (P＜0.01). Education was negatively correlated with ED (P＜0.01). Spouse companionship, living condition were positively correlated with ED (P＜0.01). Histories of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia were positively correlated with ED (P＜0.01). Cigarette smoking was not correlated with ED (P＞0.05), while the cigaretteconsumption and duration were positively correlated with ED (P＜0.01). Alcohol drinking is negatively correlated with ED (P＜0.01). The duration of drinking was positively correlated with ED (P＜0.01). Weekly alcohol consumption was not correlated with ED (P＞0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of ED increased with age. Cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hyperlipidemia were positively correlated with the increased prevalence. Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, such as education, spouse companionship, living condition, cigarette and alcohol consumption or duration also have association with the prevalence of ED. (Asian J Androl 2004 Dec;6:343-348)

Pathophysiology and treatment of diabetic erectile dysfunction

糖尿病的病理生理学是多因素的，没有单个病原学在最前线。在糖尿病的病人的可勃起的机能障碍(编辑)的建议机制包括提高的先进 glycation 结束产品(年龄)和氧自由基的增加的层次，损害氮的氧化物(没有)合成，增加的 endothelin B 受体绑定地点和极端结构的变化在调整 RhoA/Rho-kinase 小径上面，没有依赖的选择 nitrergic 神经退化和损害周期的海鸟粪正弦单音的磷酸盐( cGMP )依赖者 kinase-1 ( PKG-1 )。糖尿病的编辑的治疗是多模式的。内在的多糖症和 comorbidities 的治疗具有最大的重要性阻止或停住疾病的前进。外围地行动口头的磷酸二酯酶打 5 (PDE5 ) 禁止者是在糖尿病患者的编辑的口头的麦克匪特斯氏疗法的支柱。真空勃起设备作为一种非侵略的治疗选择是另外的治疗。经由尿道的栓剂或体内注射的血管作用的药的本地管理能与最小的副作用是有效的。有可勃起的机制的不可逆的损坏的病人是阴茎培植的候选人。在编辑的治疗的进化的未来策略针对与适当向量改正或对待编辑的内在的机制，研究人员们对有象神经营养的因素和氮的氧化物 synthase (NOS ) 那样的代理人的 transfect 糖尿病患者动物有能力。在基因治疗的进一步的研究被需要充分在人查明它的安全和用途。

Adipose-derived stem cells modified by BDNF gene rescue erectile dysfunction after cavernous nerve injury

Cavernous nerve injury is the main cause of erectile dysfunction following radical prostatectomy.The recovery of erectile function following radical prostatectomy remains challenging.Our previous studies found that injecting adipose-derived stem cells(ADSCs)into the cavernosa could repair the damaged cavernous nerves,but the erectile function of the treated rats could not be restored to a normal level.We evaluated the efficacy of ADSCs infected with a lentiviral vector encoding rat brain-derived neurotrophic factor(lenti-rBDNF)in a rat model of cavernous nerve injury.The rats were equally and randomly divided into four groups.In the control group,bilateral cavernous nerves were isolated but not injured.In the bilateral cavernous nerve injury group,bilateral cavernous nerves were isolated and injured with a hemostat clamp for 2 minutes.In the ADSCGFP and ADSCrBDNF groups,after injury with a hemostat clamp for 2 minutes,rats were injected with ADSCs infected with lenti-GFP(1×106 in 20μL)and lenti-rBDNF(1×106 in 20μL),respectively.Erectile function was assessed 4 weeks after injury by measuring intracavernosal pressures.Then,penile tissues were collected for histological detection and western blot assay.Results demonstrated that compared with the bilateral cavernous nerve injury group,erectile function was significantly recovered in the ADSCGFP and ADSCrBDNF groups,and to a greater degree in the ADSCrBDNF group.Neuronal nitric oxide synthase content in the dorsal nerves and the ratio of smooth muscle/collagen were significantly higher in the ADSCrBDNF and ADSCGFP groups than in the bilateral cavernous nerve injury group.Neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression was obviously higher in the ADSCrBDNF group than in the ADSCGFP group.These findings confirm that intracavernous injection with ADSCs infected with lenti-rBDNF can effectively improve erectile dysfunction caused by cavernous nerve injury.This study was approved by the Medical Animal Care and Welfare Committee of Wuhan University,China(approval No.2017-1638)on June 20,2017.

Erectile dysfunction and central obesity： an Italian perspective

可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 是肥胖的经常的复杂并发症。这评论的目的是极其分析肥胖和编辑的框架，把在二个病理学的实体之间的连接。当前的临床的证据显示出那肥胖，和特别地中央的肥胖，与两个 arteriogenic 版本被联系并且减少了睾丸激素(T) 层次。联系肥胖的性腺机能减退和增加的心血管的风险可能部分在超重、肥胖的个人认为编辑的更高的流行正当，是想得到的。相反地，与肥胖有关的心理骚乱不似乎然而在肥胖相关的编辑的致病起一个主要作用，在编辑之间的协会和内脏的胖累积从已知的联系肥胖的 comorbidities 是独立的临床、现出症状之前的潜的数据表演。因此，内脏的脂肪怎么能损害阴茎 microcirculation，仍然保持未知。自从在编辑题目的中央肥胖在高心血管的风险分类个人，这个点是特别地相关的，特别在最年轻的。在肥胖的题目的编辑的存在可能在说服他们开始一个善良的周期帮助保健专业人员，在性机能障碍的修正将是为改进生活方式行为的报酬的地方。Unsatisfying 性活动为请教接着，应该利用机会鼓励肥胖的病人对待的保健专业版代表有意义的、直接动机，除编辑以外，内在的相反的条件，这样不仅恢复可勃起的功能，而且全面健康。

Erectile dysfunction after transurethral prostatectomy for lower urinary tract symptoms:results from a center with over 500 patients

瞄准：为良性的职业人员静电干扰增生(BPH ) 在前列腺(TURP ) 的经尿道切除术以后为可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 识别可能的风险因素。方法：在 1999 年 3 月和 2004 年 3 月之间， 629 个病人为征兆的 BPH 的治疗在我们的部门经历了 TURP。所有病人经历了 transrectal 超声检查。另外，流动率，尿残余，国际前列腺症状分数(IPSS ) 和生命(QOL ) 的质量为没有一根导管，介绍了的那些被记录。最后，病人的可勃起的功能根据可勃起的功能仪器(IIEF-5 ) 问询表的国际索引被评估。在哪儿有不到 21 的一个全部的分数，被决定编辑存在。流动率， IPSS 和 QOL 评价在 3 和 6 个月被执行处理以后。IIEF-5 评价在 6 月的后续被重复。逻辑回归分析被用来鉴别潜力为编辑结果冒因素的风险：在基线， 522 (83%) 病人们回答了 IIEF-5 问询表。吝啬的耐心的年龄是(63.7+/-9.7 ) 年。编辑率是 65% 。在 6 个月以后，(88%) 459 从 522 个病人归还了 IIEF 问询表。这个组的其余部分从统计分析被排除。在 TURP 以后的六个月，报导编辑的病人的率增加了到 77% 。统计分析表明在 TURP 以后与最新报导的编辑联系的唯一的重要因素是糖尿病(P = 0.003， r = 3.67 ) 并且观察 intraoperative 胶囊的穿孔(P = 0.02， r = 1.12 ) 。结论：在 TURP 以后的手术后的、最新报导的编辑的发生是 12% 。为它的出现的风险因素是糖尿病和 intraoperative 胶囊的穿孔。

Impact of the association between elevated oestradiol and low testosterone levels on erectile dysfunction severity

我们的目的是估计在提高的 oestradiol 之间的协会的影响(可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 上的 E 2) 和低睾丸激素(T) 层次严厉。有与正常或提高的 E 2 层次联合的编辑和正常或低的 T 水平的 614 个男病人的一个总数被注册。病人们除了全部的 T 的大小经历了平淡的实验室调查，全部的 E 2, 刺激滤泡的荷尔蒙(FSH ) ， luteinizing 荷尔蒙(LH ) 和催乳激素。我们在病人为可勃起的函数(IIEF ) 分数把回答与下列作比较到可勃起的函数域， Q3 (完成的勃起) 和国际索引的 Q4 (维持的勃起) ：正常 T 和 E 2 层次；低 T 水平；低 T 水平和提高的 E 2 水平；并且提高了 E 2 水平。包括的病人， 449 ( 73.1 % ；)有的正常 T 和 E 2层次， 110 ( 17.9 % ；)有低 T 水平， 36 ( 5.9 % ；)有低 T 水平和提高的 E 2水平，并且 19 ( 3.1 % ；)有提高的 E 2水平。增加的编辑严厉显著地与低 T 层次，提高的 E 2 层次，和低 T 水平和提高的 E 2 被联系水平。另外， EF 域， Q3 和 Q4 的吝啬的价值与有任何条件的病人相比在有低 T 水平和提高的 E 2 水平的病人是显著地更低的独自一个。在结论，低 T 水平在可勃起的功能上有主要效果；然而，附随地提高的 E 2 水平有添加剂缺陷效果。

Endothelium-specific gene and stem cell-based therapy for erectile dysfunction

可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 通常源于全身的脉管系统的内皮机能障碍。尽管磷酸二酯酶打 5，(PDE-5 ) 禁止者在对待编辑的大多数盒子是有效的，他们必须习惯性地被带并且为人的一个有意义的数字是徒劳的。在最近的年基因和茎，目标为阴茎内皮细胞层的基于房间的治疗在现出症状之前的潜的研究一直在获得动量。这些早研究揭示基于房间的治疗可以是的那基因和茎不朽并且有效，并且可以最后为下列评论将加亮我们基于房间的治疗在很多个实验动物模型执行了到日期的 endothelial 特定的基因和茎的当前的理解的编辑导致痊愈。

Improvement in erectile dysfunction after insulin-like growth factor-1 gene therapy in diabetic rats

瞄准：为了决定象到 streptozotocin (STZ ) 的阴茎的 growthfactor-1 (IGF-1 ) 一样的胰岛素的 adenoviral 基因转移是否导致了糖尿病的老鼠，能改进可勃起的能力。方法：STZ 糖尿病的老鼠是有 AdCMV-β g al 或 AdCMV-IGF-1 的 transfected。Theserats 经历了多孔的神经刺激估计可勃起的功能，他们的回答与匹配年龄的控制老鼠的那些相比在 transfection 以后的 1 ～ 2 天。在控制 andtransfected STZ 糖尿病的老鼠， IGF-1 表示被反向的抄写聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR ) 检验，西方的污点和组织学。STZ 糖尿病的老鼠的阴茎β - 牛乳糖活动和本地化也是坚定的。结果：一～二天 aftertransfection，β - 牛乳糖与 AdCMV-β g al 在糖尿病的老鼠 penistransfected 的光滑的肌肉房间被发现。到在 AdCMV-IGF-1 的管理以后的 2 天， cavernosalpressure 由最大的 intracavernous pressure-to-mean 的比率决定了动脉的压力(ICP/MAP ) 和全部的 intracavernous 压力(ICP ) ，响应多孔的神经刺激被增加。Transgene 表示被 RT-PCR，西方的污点和组织学证实。结论: IGF-1 的基因转移显著地在 STZ 糖尿病的老鼠增加了可勃起的功能。Theseresults 建议在 vivo， IGF-1 的基因转移可能在 STZ 糖尿病的老鼠是为可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 的治疗的新治疗学的干预。

Improved spontaneous erectile function in men with mild-tomoderate arteriogenic erectile dysfunction treated with a nightly dose of sildenafil for one year： a randomized trial

瞄准：为了测试假设，那 sildenafil (为一年夜里的 50 mg ) 能与 mild-to-moderate arteriogenic 在人改进自发的可勃起的功能(EF ) 可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 对 erectogenic 处理应答。方法：在未来的开标签的试用，有编辑的 112 个人被使随机化到 sildenafil 夜里的 50 mg 或 sildenafil 需要 for12 月的 50 或 100 mg，由一个月和 6 月的非药物治疗的时期列在后面。非使随机化，有编辑的 non-medicatedmen 也被估计。可勃起的功能(IIEFEF ) 和山峰的国际索引的 EF 领域阴茎多孔的动脉的收缩速度(PSV ) 被用来测量功效。结果：在 sildenafil 处理和一个随后的非药物治疗的月以后， IIEF EF 在 48 中的 29 个是正常的(60.4% ， 95% 信心间隔[CI ] ：45.3-74.2%) 夜里的组对 4 of49 (8.2% ， 95% CI：2.3-19.6%) 同样需要的组。PSV 由 11.2 cm/s 改善了(95% CI：4.7-21.4；P= 0.012 ) 在夜里的组，但是仅仅由 3.4 cm/s (-5.1-14.7；P = 0.435 ) 在同样需要的 group.IIEF， EF 在 18 中的 1 个使正常化(5.6% ， 95% CI：0.1-27.3%) 非药物治疗的人和 PSV 稍微拒绝了。在处理，正常的仍然是的 IIEF EF 和 PSV 以后的六个月在大多数被稳定(28/29， 97%) 开始使正常化的夜里的组人。结论：为一年夜里的 Sildenafil 导致了在处理的结束以后坚持了很好的编辑回归，以便 spontaneousEF 在大多数人在 IIEF 上作为正常被描绘。从这开标签的、使随机化的试用的结果在双窗帘下面保证确认，控制安慰剂的条件。