Relationship between insulinase activity of erythrocytes and insulin resistance in patients with type2diabetes mellitus

Objective:To investigatetherelationshipbetweeninsulinaseactivityof erythrocytes(EIA)andinsulin resistanceinpatientswithtype2diabetesmellitus.Methods:EIAwas determinedwiththemethodof radioassayof enzymeactivityin65healthysubjects,and109patientswithtype2diabetesmellitusdividedinto3subgroupsac-cordingto theirtherapy andplasmaglucosecontrol.Fastingplasmainsulin(FINS)andotherrelatedindiceswereal-so measuredinallthesubjects.Moreover,insulinsensitiveindex(ISI)wascalculatedforestimationof insulinsensi-tivity.Re sults:EIAandFINSareincreasedin two subgroupsof diabeticpatientson hypoglycemics(subgroupA andsubgroupB),andespeciallyhigherinthepoorcontrolled subgroupof patients(subgroupA).EIAandFINSare normalinsubgroupof patientswithoutmedication(subgroupC).Moreover,ISIis decreasedin allthesubgroupsof patientsas comparedwithnormalsubjects.CorrelationanalysisshowthatEIAis inverselycorrelatedwithISIinall subgroupsof patientsandnormalsubjects,andpositivelycorrelatedwithFINSin normalsubjects.Conclusions:Therateof insulindegradationin erythrocytesis increasedin patientswithtype2diabetes,and increasedinsulin degradationmayresultintheirinsulin-resistantstate.Moreover,EIAmaybe usedas oneof theindicesforestima-tionof insulinsensitivity.

An open level study to assess the glycemic control effect of metformin and Pioglitazone as add on therapy along with sulfonylurea in uncomplicated type2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction: Management of hyperglycemia in type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) becomes the top priority. When single antidiabetic drug is ineffective, combination is required for good glycemic control. There is a dearth of studies that provide head to head comparison of the ability of combinations and therefore need further study. Objectives: To assess and compare the glycemic control and physical parameter altering effect of glibenclamide, glibenclamide & Pioglitazone, glibenclamide & metformin in T2DM. Methods and materials: 100 T2DM patients were selected from outpatients department of medicine following prefixed inclusion and exclusion criteria. Fasting and postprandial blood glucose (fbg & ppbg) and physical parameters (waist, hip and thigh circumference) were measured before and after treatment with study drugs and adverse effects of these drugs were recorded. Data were analyzed by employing paired t-test and chi-square test. Results: 11 patients lost the follow up. A some total of 89 middle aged, predominantly male, non obese T2DM patients after exposure to the study drugs showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction of blood glucose from baseline. Reduction of blood glucose and waist: hip ratio were observed significantly (p < 0.05) more with glibenclamide and metformin combination with some tolerable side effects. Discussion: Metformin and Pioglitazone both are insulin sensitizer but metformin & glibenclamide combination showed significantly (p < 0.001) more reduction of fbg, ppbg and central obesity (waist: hip ratio) than Pioglitazone & glibenclamide combination. Therefore Judicious use of low dose of glibenclamide and full dose of metformin become safe, effective and cheap for the treatment of type 2 diabetes patients in poor country like India.

Bitter Melon (Momordica Charantia) Reduces Serum Sialic Acid in Type2 Diabetics: Evidence to Delay the Process of Atherosclerosis

More than 1000 herbal products have been used by diverse cultures of the world to treat hyperglycemia and among them bitter melon (Momordica charantia) is one of the most popular herbal resource. The beneficial effects of bitter melon is not limited to hypoglycaemia only, but it also ameliorates diet induced obesity, insulin resistance and exhibit cardioprotective effects. The present study attempts to investigate the effect of bitter melon fruit juice on a newly investigated risk factor, sialic acid in type2 diabetics. A total of 40 type2 diabetic patients, divided into group A (n = 20) and group B (n = 20) were investigated during the present study. The patients of group A were following bitter melon fruit juice treatment along with diet control, whereas the patients of group B were on diet control only. Serum sialic acid (SSA) decreased in group A from 66.20 ± 2.30 mg/dl to 63.50 ± 2.10 mg/dl (<0.11) but, increased in group B from 66.50 ± 1.70 mg/dl to 68.20 ± 2.50 mg/dl (<0.12), compared to baseline. Post-treatment between group comparison revealed a significant difference (<0.05). The beneficial effects on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycohemoglobin (HbA1-c) were also greater in group A compared to group B as was the case with blood lipids, weight and blood pressure. The study provides another mechanism for the cardioprotective effect of bitter melon and further strengthens its value in the management of type2 diabetes.

TYPE2随时网络型

随时网络型机主群,借助网络,把手机的功能发挥到了极限——这是最勤奋的懒惰表现:这是最远离人群的接近人群方式——一切的存在变成网络的附庸,所有的娱乐都以流量计算。手机上网,势必成为21世纪最时尚的娱乐方式。它最大的特点就是可以随时随地访问互联网,不受电脑、线路等等限制,而且与电脑访问互联网一样,咨讯丰富,娱乐好玩,你可以参与具有交互性的网络游戏、聊天交友,你也可以享受随时携带书本的潮流乐趣,并且,它比电脑上网更便宜,目前6PRS流量计费的统一标准为0.03元/1KB,但各运营商为了便于大家手机上网,推出了非常划算的GPRS套餐。

The Relationship of Carotid Plaque, Intima Media Thickness (IMT), Resistivity Index (RI) and Pulsatility Index(PI) in Asian-Indian Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke with and without Type2 DM

Aim: To determine the relationship of carotid plaque, intima media thickness (IMT), resistivity index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) and prevalence of different risk factors with acute ischemic stroke and stroke subtypes in both diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Materials and methods: 80 cases of acute ischemic strokes and 40 healthy controls were included in the study. The plaque, IMT, RI and PI were measured by carotid duplex ultrasound. Results: 31 subjects were Type 2 diabetic, 54 hypertensive while 25 were both diabetic and hypertensive. 23 cases (28.75%) had lacunar stroke (LACI), 32 (40%) stroke involving partial anterior circulation(PACI), 10(12.5%) stroke in posterior circulation (PACI) and 15(18.75%) stroke involving total anterior circulation(TACI) respectively. The mean IMT (0.88 ± 0.19mm), RI(0.76 ± 0.05) and PI(1.71 ± 0.19) of patients and mean IMT (0.6±0.09mm), RI (0.61 ± 0.06) and PI (1.53 ± 0.11) of controls were statistically significant (p-0.000). The mean values of IMT, PI and RI were significantly higher in diabetics (IMT-0.90 ± 0.16 VS 0.64 ± 0.11, p-0.013;PI-1.76 ± 0.20 VS 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI-0.76 ± 0.04 VS 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000) and similarly the mean values for IMT, PI and RI in hypertensives as compared to controls (IMT-0.88 ± 0.16 vs 0.65 ± 0.10, P-0.006;PI1.69 ± 0.18 vs 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI 0.76 ± 0.04 vs 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000). The mean IMT, PI and RI were increased significantly in smokers compared to controls (IMT-0.93 ± 0.20 vs 0.63 ± 0.06, P-0.000;PI-1.82 ± 0.22 vs 1.49 ± 0.09, P-0.000 and RI-0.77 ± 0.04 vs 0.59 ± 0.06, P-0.000). Type 3 plaque accounted for 27 (56.2%) cases and Type 2 plaque 12 (25%) cases. The total number of plaques in patients as compared to controls were significantly more (P-0.0034) and the mean plaque area was 46 mm2 for cases and 20 mm2 for control (P-0.0001). TACI was the most common type of ischemic stroke seen in DM (60%), HTN (66.6%) and smokers (66.7%). Plaques (73.3%), IMT (0.90 ± 0.12), PI(1.72 ± 0.14) and RI (0.76 ± 0.13) were more commonly associated with TACI subtype. On multivariate analysis using ANOVA, the mean PI was highly significant (0.000) in relation to types of plaque. Summary and Conclusions: IMT, RI, PI and plaque type are useful diagnostic parameters for acute ischemic stroke and its subtypes. They can be used as noninvasive tools for predicting and preventing ischemic stroke in smokers as well as subjects with DM and hypertension.

SEARCH FOR HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS TYPE2（HSV－2）AND HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS（HPV）IN THE NORMAL AND ABNORMAL CERVICAL SAMPLES

The specimens of 111 cervical carcinomas. 68 chronic cervicitis and 43 normal cervical exfoliated epithelial cells were examined for the presence of HSV2 DNA sequences with DNA hybridization using HSV2 BgL Ⅱ N fragment probe labelled by 32PdCTP. The result showed that the infection rates of HSV2 in the samples of cervical cancer.chronic cervicitis and normal epithelial cells were 1 4. 41 %(16/111). 27.94%( 19/68) and 25.58% ( 11/43),respectively. It was implied that early stages carcinogenesis of cervical epithelial cells might be correlated with the HSV2 infection.Sixteen HSV 2 positive samples of cervical carcinomas were also examined for the presence of the sequences homologous to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 6B/11. 16 and 18 DNA using dot blot hybridization (Tm17℃). The result indicated that 13 out of 16 were HPV 16 DNA hybridization positive accounting for 81. 2% of all HSV-2 positive samples and none of them were positive for HPV type 6B/11 and 18. The result indicated that double infection of HSV 2 and HPV16 in the same cervical carcinoma tissues may provide a strong evidence of the viral synergistic interaction in the induction of female cervical

Based on data mining to explore the medication rule of Professor Shao Zheng-bin in the treatment of coronary heart disease combined with type2 diabetes mellitus after PCI

Objective:To explore the clinical medication rule of Shao Zhengbin in the treatment of coronary heart disease with type 2 diabetes mellitus after PCI by using data mining technology.Methods:Shao Zhengbin was collected from January 2016 to may 2019 in the outpatient department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of traditional Chinese medicine to treat patients with coronary heart disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus after PCI.The data base was established with Microsoft Excel 2016,SPSS statistic 24.0,SPSS modeler 18.0 computer software,and drug frequency analysis,high-frequency drug association rule analysis and clustering were carried out Analysis and factor analysis.Results:of the 133 prescriptions included in the study,86 Chinese herbs were involved,and the top 10 drugs were dangshen,Huangjing,Danshen,Gualou,chuanxiong,fried Atractylodes rhizome,Poria cocos,Fushen and Chenpi respectively;12 drug associations were generated by association analysis,including Huangjing,Huangjing,chuanxiong,dandelion,Dangshen and banpi;12 drug associations were obtained by cluster analysis,including Huangjing,huangxiong,Gualou and Huangqi There are 7 clustering formulas,such as Xia,Danshen,Fuling,Gualou,etc.Conclusion:Shao Zhengbin is good at the treatment of coronary heart disease combined with type 2 diabetes mellitus after PCI.

−675 4G/5G and −844 G/A of Plasminogne Activator Inhibitor-1 (Pai-1) Gene Polymorphisms and Type 2 DiabetesMellitus in Tunisia: Case-Control Study

Background: The plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is a puissant antifibrinolytic factor;plasma PAI-1 level is high in type 2 diabetes. 4G/5G polymorphism of PAI-1 gene is a major genetic determinant of plasma PAI-1 levels, with 4G carriers having high PAI-1 level than 5G, theses pose the question about relation T2 patients and those polymorphisms. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the polymorphisms &minus;675 4G/5G and &minus;844 G/A of PAI-1 gene and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A case control study of 491 diabetic and 400 healthy controls. Genotyping of the polymorphism &minus;675 4G/5G was done by PCR-ASA (polymerase chain reaction, allele specific amplification), and the polymorphism &minus;844 G/A was done with PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism), the allelic frequency is calculated with hardy-Weinberg law, the statistic analysis was done by SPSS version 10. Results: Higher frequencies of The genotypes 4G/4G (p = 0.01) and 4G/5G of polymorphism &minus;675 4G/5G were seen in diabetic (p = 0.05) and higher frequencies of 5G/5G was seen in controls (p &minus;844 G/A was seen in diabetics and G/G was seen in controls (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Our study found association between 4G allele of &minus;675 4G/5G and A allele of &minus;844 G/A of PAI-1 gene and having type 2 diabetes mellitus in Tunisian population.

饮酒和体力活动对社区2型糖尿病患者血糖控制的影响

目的:了解饮酒和体力活动与南京市社区糖尿病患者血糖控制之间的关系。方法:采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法,随机抽取南京市5个区5663名18岁以上社区糖尿病患者作为研究对象,采用多因素Logistic回归分析饮酒和体力活动对糖尿病患者血糖控制的联合作用。结果:5663名糖尿病患者空腹血糖控制率为39.8%(95%CI:38.5%~41.1%),调整年龄、性别、规律服药、职业、受教育水平、体质量指数(BMI)、高血压、糖尿病家族史和吸烟后,过量饮酒患者空腹血糖控制率是不饮酒/适量者的0.73倍(95%CI:0.64~0.83,P<0.001)。与不饮酒/适量且体力活动充足者相比,过量饮酒且体力活动充足者的空腹血糖控制率为其0.76倍(95%CI:0.66~0.87,P<0.001),过量饮酒且体力活动不足者为其0.58倍(95%CI:0.41~0.84,P=0.003)。结论:饮酒和体力活动对血糖控制存在联合作用,过量饮酒者如体力活动不足会进一步降低其血糖控制率。

2型糖尿病合并肥胖患者血清肌联素水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性

目的 观察2型糖尿病(T2DM)合并肥胖患者血清肌联素(myonectin)水平的变化,探讨血清myonectin水平的影响因素及其与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。方法 选择2020年11月至2022年6月在河北北方学院附属第一医院内分泌科住院的186例T2DM患者,根据体重指数(BMI)分为糖尿病正常体重组(60例)、糖尿病超重组(65例)和糖尿病肥胖组(61例)。另选取同期于医院体检且BMI正常的健康者作为正常对照组(60例)。测定各组血清myonectin、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平,计算BMI及稳态胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)。比较各组血清myonectin水平,并分析血清myonectin水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性。结果 与正常对照组比较,糖尿病正常体重组、糖尿病超重组和糖尿病肥胖组的血清myonectin水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与糖尿病正常体重组比较,糖尿病超重组和糖尿病肥胖组的myonectin水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与糖尿病超重组比较,糖尿病肥胖组的myonectin水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析表明,影响T2DM患者BMI的主要因素为myonectin、HOMA-IR、LDL-C、HDL-C、HbA1c。影响HOMA-IR的主要因素为myonectin、BMI、HbA1c、HDL-C。结论 血清myonectin水平在T2DM合并肥胖患者中显著降低,myonectin与胰岛素抵抗密切相关,与糖脂代谢共同参与了肥胖及糖尿病的发生、发展。

2型猪链球菌天津分离株的鉴定及其遗传特征分析

为了解天津市某猪场引起育肥猪神经症状的病原及其特性和遗传特征,本研究采集8份患病猪脑组织样品经细菌分离、形态学观察、gdh基因和cps2J基因的PCR扩增及序列分析,确定8份样品中的分离株均为同一2型猪链球菌(SS2),命名为TJS75。测定其生长曲线、并按照文献方法进行溶血性试验、黏附/侵入试验和对小鼠的致病性试验,分析该SS2分离株特性。结果显示,TJS75菌株经TSB培养6 h~15 h可达对数生长期,对绵羊血红细胞(RBC)具有崩解效果,可黏附并侵入PK-15细胞(黏附率和侵袭率分别为5.16%和7.90%),且感染TJS75株的BALB/c小鼠出现不同程度的行动迟缓、呼吸急促、精神萎靡和神经症状等,经测定其LD50为2.15×107cfu/mL。进一步采用高通量测序,并预测其毒力基因,分析该菌株的遗传特征,结果显示,TJS75菌株基因组全长2368195 bp,GC含量40.88%,含有2299个编码基因,其中有1822、1830和1077个基因分别注释于GO、COG和KEGG数据库,携带的16S r RNA基因序列与国内分离的SS强毒株98HAH33和05ZYH33的亲缘性较近,毒力基因的预测结果显示该菌株携带499种毒力相关基因(编码173种毒力相关因子),依据功能分类,这些毒力基因参与SS2的黏附和侵袭、溶血、促进铁转运、自溶酶的合成、降解胶原酶、唾液酸的合成等。本研究首次分离到携带MRP毒力因子的ST25型SS2,为深入开展SS2 TJS75株的致病机制研究提供了科学依据。

司美格鲁肽对2型糖尿病伴慢性心力衰竭合并肾功能不全患者的疗效与安全性观察研究

目的 探索司美格鲁肽对2型糖尿病伴慢性心力衰竭(CHF)合并肾功能不全患者的临床效果及安全性。方法 选取2022年1月-2022年9月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院就诊的71例2型糖尿病合并CHF及肾功能不全的患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方案随机分为对照组(胰岛素治疗,35例)与治疗组(胰岛素联合司美格鲁肽治疗,36例)。比较2组治疗的临床疗效与安全性。结果 治疗3个月后,治疗组HbA1c达标有效率为72.2%,显著高于对照组的有效率(31.4%)(P <0.05)。治疗后治疗组的体质量、FBG、HbA1c和TG均出现明显下降并显著低于对照组(P <0.05)。与对照组比较,联合应用司美格鲁肽治疗后出现LVEF升高、BNP降低、UACR和尿α1MG下降,差异具有显著统计学意义(P <0.05)。但2组的不良反应无明显区别(P> 0.05)。结论 司美格鲁肽对2型糖尿病伴CHF合并肾功能不全患者具有良好的血糖控制效果,可显著改善心功能,减少肾脏病病情进展,临床应用安全性较高。

达格列净与二甲双胍、甘精胰岛素联合治疗对老年2型糖尿病患者血糖水平、胰岛素指标的影响

目的探讨达格列净与二甲双胍、甘精胰岛素联合治疗老年2型糖尿病的效果。方法将80例老年2型糖尿病患者随机分为两组。两组均采用二甲双胍治疗,在此基础上对照组采用甘精胰岛素治疗,观察组采用达格列净联合甘精胰岛素治疗。比较两组的血糖水平、胰岛素相关指标、不良反应发生率。结果治疗后,观察组血糖水平低于对照组,胰岛素相关指标优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为15.00%,与对照组的12.50%比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论达格列净与二甲双胍、甘精胰岛素联合治疗老年2型糖尿病的效果较好,可强化患者血糖调控,改善胰岛功能,安全可靠,临床价值显著。

司美格鲁肽联合二甲双胍治疗2型糖尿病的疗效及对机体免疫功能的影响

目的探讨司美格鲁肽(semaglutide)联合二甲双胍(metformin)治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)的疗效,及其对机体免疫功能的影响。方法本研究纳入120例T2DM患者,将其随机分为观察组和对照组,各60例,分别给予司美格鲁肽联合二甲双胍治疗和二甲双胍口服治疗。在治疗12周后研究观察2组的临床疗效、体质量、体质量指数(BMI)、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)水平以及C反应蛋白(CRP)和免疫球蛋白(IgA、IgG、IgM)水平;评估药物不良反应发生率。结果治疗12周后,2组总有效率具有显著差异(观察组vs对照组:95.0%vs 76.7%,P<0.05);治疗12周后,观察组的糖脂代谢指标(FBG、HbA1c、TC、TG)均得到明显改善,效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗12周后,观察组的CRP和IgA水平降低、IgG和IgM水平提高,差异显著于对照组(P<0.05)。结论司美格鲁肽联合二甲双胍治疗T2DM在临床上表现出显著疗效,不仅改善了血糖控制,还对患者的免疫功能产生积极的影响。

2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清Hcy、HbAlc和血尿酸水平变化的临床意义

目的探讨2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)和血尿酸水平变化的临床意义。方法选取2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者60例为合并冠心病组,单纯2型糖尿病患者45例为单纯糖尿病组,健康志愿者30名为健康对照组。采集空腹外周静脉血,检测血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平;行冠状动脉造影检查,记录冠脉狭窄程度50%及以上的病变累及左前降支、回旋支或右冠脉的支数(单支病变、双支病变、多支病变)。收集2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者的年龄、性别、身高、体质量、吸烟情况及低密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、空腹血糖、维生素B12、叶酸水平。进行3 a随访,记录患者病情加重再入院、死亡情况。结果合并冠心病组血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平明显高于单纯糖尿病组和健康对照组(P<0.05);多支病变患者血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平明显高于双支病变和单支病变患者(P<0.05);预后不良组患者血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平明显高于预后良好组患者(P<0.05);预后不良组患者中吸烟比例、空腹血糖水平明显高于预后良好组(P<0.05)。Hcy、HbAlc、血尿酸是2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者预后的独立影响因素。ROC曲线分析显示,血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平对2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者预后具有较高的预测价值(P<0.05),联合检测的预测价值最高(AUC=0.947)。结论2型糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清Hcy、HbAlc及血尿酸水平升高,且与冠脉病变程度密切相关,联合检测可用于患者预后评估。

利格列汀联合司美格鲁肽治疗2型糖尿病的效果观察

目的观察利格列汀联合司美格鲁肽治疗2型糖尿病(T2DM)的效果。方法将2020年3月至2023年2月我院收治的100例T2DM患者分为两组。对照组采用利格列汀治疗,观察组采用利格列汀联合司美格鲁肽治疗。比较两组的治疗效果、血糖水平及不良反应。结果观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的FPG、2hPG低于对照组,FC-P、2hC-P高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组的不良反应发生率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论利格列汀联合司美格鲁肽治疗T2DM的效果较好,可维持患者血糖水平稳定,调节胰岛功能。

猪圆环病毒2型疫苗及其效力评价方法比较研究

为探索对不同猪圆环病毒2型(Porcine circovirus type2,PCV2)疫苗产品进行统一质量评价的可行性,对国内该类疫苗产品及其现有效力评价方法进行了归纳和比较研究。结果发现,目前猪圆环病毒2型疫苗类产品种类有25个,且疫苗毒株数量多达10余个,效力检验方法包括传统的免疫攻毒法、血清学方法和多种不同的替代方法,但尚没有统一的效力评价体系。本研究可为进一步完善PCV2疫苗效力评价方法、统一评价疫苗效力、提高产品质量提供参考。

胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂致2型糖尿病患者不良反应文献分析

目的 分析胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(GLP-1RA)致2型糖尿病患者药品不良反应(ADR)的发生特点和规律,为临床合理用药提供依据。方法 检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Embase、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台中GLP-1RA致2型糖尿病患者ADR个案报道并整理分析。结果 收集个案报道102例,GLP-1RA引发ADR未见显著性别差异,ADR多发生于用药3个月内,可引发皮肤、皮下组织系统、胃肠系统、肾脏系统、心血管系统等多系统疾病。结论 临床应用GLP-1RA过程中应加强用药监护,尤其对既往存在相关基础疾病的患者,以防严重ADR发生。

乳腺癌综合治疗的疗效随访

目的观察经免疫组织化学分型的乳腺癌综合治疗疗效,为临床治疗提供参考。方法随访山西省肿瘤医院2010年1月至2012年12月治疗的1240例乳腺癌患者,其中导管型883例;人表皮生长因子受体-2(HER-2)型260例;三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)97例。保乳术(BCS)或术前新辅助化疗,或术后放化疗的共275例;改良根治术(IRM)和术前新辅助化疗,或术后放化疗的共965例。BCS和IRM后,均行术后常规患侧全乳房、全胸壁调强放疗(IMRT)和锁骨淋巴引流区放疗,DT约50 Gy。腋窝淋巴转移阳性者,补照腋窝区DT 60~70 Gy。雌激素受体(ER)阳性者,行辅助性内分泌治疗。HER-2阳性者,加用曲妥珠单克隆抗体靶向药物治疗。结果BCS和IRM患者的五年生存率分别是81.8%和78.2%(P>0.05),其中腋窝淋巴结无转移者为91.8%;1~3个淋巴结转移者为74.0%;4个以上转移者为63.0%。4个以上淋巴结转移者和无转移者五年生存率差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。导管型五年生存率为98.0%;HER-2型为37.7%;TNBC型为17.5%。结论导管型对内分泌治疗敏感,预后最好;HER-2型对抗HER-2靶向药物有效,预后居中;TNBC型具有较强的侵袭性,且对内分泌和靶向药物治疗效果有限,预后最差。免疫组织化学分型和腋窝淋巴结转移数的多少,是影响预后的重要因素之一。

钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂对急性心肌梗死合并2型糖尿病患者临床指标及预后的影响

目的观察钠-葡萄糖协同转运蛋白2抑制剂(SGLT-2i)对急性心肌梗死(AMI)合并2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者临床指标及预后的影响。方法回顾性选取2020年1月至2022年6月于安徽医科大学第二附属医院胸痛中心就诊后确诊AMI合并T2DM患者180例,根据入院后降糖方案分为对照组(79例,给予磺脲类、α-糖苷酶抑制剂、二甲双胍等药物)和观察组(101例,给予达格列净或恩格列净)。患者出院后定期随访,比较2组患者临床指标及主要不良心血管事件(MACE)发生情况。结果所有患者随访6~12个月,结果显示观察组白细胞计数小于对照组[(7.4±1.6)×10^(9)/L比(8.7±1.6)×10^(9)/L],左心室舒张末期内径改善优于对照组[(-0.527±1.462)mm比(1.359±2.111)mm](均P<0.05)。观察组MACE发生率低于对照组[5.4%(2/37)比25.0%(8/32)],差异有统计学意义(P=0.020)。结论SGLT-2i较其他降糖药物12个月内能改善AMI合并T2DM患者的心脏功能及预后,且能减轻该类患者的全身炎症反应。