Research progress on non-drug treatment of diabetic kidney disease

Diabetic kidney disease is one of the most serious and common chronic complications of diabetes and one of the leading causes of death in diabetic patients.In the case of diabetic kidney disease,sustained proteinuria is irreversible until it develops into end-stage renal disease.Drug treatment of diabetic kidney disease is relatively limited.More and more evidences into the effectiveness and safety that related non-drug treatments not only have the characteristics of simple operation and high safety,but also can improve the clinical symptoms of patients with diabetic kidney disease,reduce laboratory indicators,and delay disease progression.This article summarizes the recent literature on non-drug treatment of diabetic kidney disease such as exercise therapy,acupuncture therapy,acupoint application,auricular acupoint pressing pill therapy,moxibustion therapy,in order to provide reference for clinical treatment.

Research Progress on the Mechanism of Yuxingcao(Herba Houttuyniae)Against Diabetic Kidney Disease:A Review

Objective:To review the possible mechanism and clinical application of the main components of Yuxingcao(Herba Houttuyniae)in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease,and provide a certain theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy with Yuxingcao(Herba Houttuyniae).Methods:This study viewed on etiology and pathogenesis,main components and pharmacology,and mechanismd of Yuxingcao(Herba Houttuyniae);Researched on clinical study on prevention and treatment of Diabetic kidney disease.Results:The mechanism of Yuxingcao(Herba Houttuyniae)was reducing urinary protein,regulating lipid metabolism,regulating the expression of fibrosis-related factors and improving expression of inflammatory chemokines.It had the effects of clearing away heat and detoxifying,eliminating carbuncle and discharging pus,diuretic and relieving stranguria.Conclusion:The literatures studied have proved that Yuxingcao(Herba Houttuyniae)has antibacterial,antiviral,antioxidant,anti-infammatory,diuretic,antitumor and other effects.It is one of the common used herbal medicines for diabetic kidney disease.

Identifying Biomarkers for Diabetic Kidney Disease Using GraphSAGE Neural Network

Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) is a common chronic complication of diabetes. Despite advancements in accurately identifying biomarkers for detecting and diagnosing this harmful disease, there remains an urgent need for new biomarkers to enable early detection of DKD. In this study, we modeled publicly available transcriptome datasets as a graph problem and used GraphSAGE Neural Networks (GNNs) to identify potential biomarkers. The GraphSAGE model effectively learned representations that captured the intricate interactions, dependencies among genes, and disease-specific gene expression patterns necessary to classify samples as DKD and Control. We finally extracted the features of importance;the identified set of genes exhibited an impressive ability to distinguish between healthy and unhealthy samples, even though these genes differ from previous research findings. The unexpected biomarker variations in this study suggest more exploration and validation studies for discovering biomarkers in DKD. In conclusion, our study showcases the effectiveness of modeling transcriptome data as a graph problem, demonstrates the use of GraphSAGE models for biomarker discovery in DKD, and advocates for integrating advanced machine-learning techniques in DKD biomarker research, emphasizing the need for a holistic approach to unravel the intricacies of biological systems.

Research progress on the mechanism of treating chronic kidney disease by invigorating the kidney and removing toxic

Chronic kidney disease is a general term for various types of renal diseases characterized by a long course of disease and difficulty in early detection.It is one of the social diseases that need to be solved urgently and its pathogenesis and treatment have always been a hotspot for researchers.Studies have shown that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)can effectively delay the progress of chronic kidney disease.According to the clinical experience of national famous TCM physicians,based on its pathogenesis of"kidney deficiency as the foundation and poison as the target",chronic kidney disease can be treated by invigorating the kidney and removing toxic.Based on the above background,this paper summarizes the research progress of invigorating the kidney and removing toxic in delaying chronic kidney disease from multiple mechanisms and pathways in modern research.

Research progress in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer with traditional Chinese medicine

Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the common and serious complications of diabetes,which may cause disability and death,and bring heavy economic and psychological burden to patients.The current treatment of Western medicine mainly includes controlling blood sugar,controlling infection,improving local circulation,interventional surgery,skin grafting,etc.the clinical effect is not good and the patients have heavy economic burden.Traditional Chinese medicine has its own characteristics in the treatment of diabetic ulcer,including internal treatment and external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine,which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients and reduce the pain of patients.This paper reviews the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer with traditional Chinese medicine.

Research progress in the treatment of diabetic foot with traditional Chinese medicine

Diabetic foot is one of the chronic complications of diabetes,which is serious and expensive to treat.As an effective method for treating diabetic foot,Chinese medicine plays an important role in improving the clinical symptoms and reducing the suffering of diabetic foot patients.The methods of traditional Chinese medicine to treat diabetic foot include internal treatment method,external treatment method and comprehensive therapy.This article reviews the research results of traditional Chinese medicine treatment of diabetic foot in order to provide reference for the treatment of diabetic foot.

Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes and Treatment Laws of Diabetic Kidney Disease and the Action Mechanism of High-Frequency Chinese Herbs in the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease Based on Real-World Study

Objective Our objective was to analyze the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome and treatment laws of diabetic kidney disease(DKD)and the action mechanism of high-frequency Chinese herbs in the treatment of DKD based on realworldstudy.MethodsThe data of patients with DKD who had been treated in the First Hospital Affiliated to Henan Universityof ChineseMedicine from January1,2014to December 31,2021 were retrospectively analyzed through the hospital information management system.The contents of the cases were statistically analyzed using IBM SPsS Statistics 25 software,and the laws of DKDtreatment were summarized.Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to analyze the action mechanism of high-frequency Chinese herbs in the treatment of DKD.ResultsThe data of a total of 1,201 patients with DKD were included,involving 72 kinds of TCM syndromes.Nine disease nature elements and six disease location elements were extracted,involving 405 Chinese herbs.The top five high-frequency Chinese herbs were Baizhu(Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma),Fuling(Poria),Huangqi(Astragali Radix),Chuanxiong(Chuanxiong Rhizoma),and Danshen(Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma).Thirty kinds of Chinese herbs with the frequency of≥100 were mainly deficiency-tonifying herbs and blood-activating and stasis-eliminating herbs.The medicinal properties were mainly warm and mild,and the medicinal flavors were sweet and bitter mostly.For the meridian tropism,the main meridian tropism of these herbs is spleen meridian and lung meridian.The clustering method.

Stop chronic kidney disease progression: Time is approaching

Progression of chronic kidney disease （CKD） is inevitable. However, the last decade has witnessed tremendous achievements in this field. Today we are optimistic; the dream of withholding this progression is about to be realistic. The recent discoveries in the field of CKD management involved most of the individual diseases leading the patients to end-stage renal disease. Most of these advances involved patients suffering diabetic kidney disease, chronic glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, renal amyloidosis and chronic tubulointer-stitial disease. The chronic systemic inflammatory status and increased oxidative stress were also inve-stigated. This inflammatory status influences the anti-senescence Klotho gene expression. The role of Klotho in CKD progression together with its therapeutic value are explored. The role of gut as a major source of infam-mation, the pathogenesis of intestinal mucosal barrier damage, the role of intestinal alkaline phosphatase and the dietary and therapeutic implications add a novel therapeutic tool to delay CKD progression.

Overview of effect of traditional Chinese medicine on diabetic kidney disease by regulating podocyte

Diabetic kidney disease has now become the leading cause of end-stage renal disease.Podocytes are an important filtration barrier of the glomerulus,and their damage plays an important role in the occurrence and progression of glomerular sclerosis and DKD.This article discusses the molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine on the protection of podocyte damage in diabetic kidney disease from the aspects of anti-oxidative stress,activating autophagy,and regulating signal pathways,in order to further deepen the modern material basis theory of traditional Chinese medicine treatment and provide reference for the treatment of DKD.

基于“治未病”思想探讨中医药调控CREB蛋白防治阿尔茨海默病的作用机制研究进展

阿尔茨海默病是常见的中枢神经退行性疾病,突触功能障碍导致神经元丢失是主要发病机制,然而突触可塑性改变导致的记忆减退在AD发病之前即可出现,这为在AD患者出现不可逆病理损害之前进行干预提供了可能。环磷酸腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(CREB)处于突触强化和记忆形成过程中多条激活通路的中心汇聚点,在人体学习记忆能力的维持中起着关键作用,本文通过回顾近年来同道有关CREB与学习记忆研究及中医药治疗AD现状的文献,分别从CREB与学习记忆的相关通路、参与AD发病机制的实验研究以及中医药防治AD与CREB蛋白的相关性等方面进行整理总结,以期为中医药以CREB蛋白为切入点改善记忆减退进而防治AD提供部分理论及实验依据。

基于足细胞保护探讨黄芪甲苷改善糖尿病肾病的研究进展

糖尿病肾病(DKD)是由糖尿病引发的肾脏微血管病变。足细胞是肾脏固有细胞中高度分化的上皮细胞类型之一,是维持肾小球滤过膜屏障通透性、完整性的重要组分。本文基于足细胞的病理和生理学特点,重点探讨黄芪甲苷(AS-Ⅳ)改善糖脂代谢紊乱诱导DKD足细胞凋亡、足细胞黏附障碍、足细胞分化、足细胞炎症、足细胞线粒体功能障碍和足细胞氧化应激的作用机制,发现AS-Ⅳ可介导CaN/NFAT、TUG1/TRAF5、miR-378/TRAF5、PPARγ/Klotho/FoxO1、p38-MAPK、PERK/ATF4/CHOP、ATF6、IRE1/JNK、Notch、AMPK/MTOR/p70S6K、ILK、Wnt/β-catenin、TGF-β1/Smads、NLRP3/Caspase-1/IL-1β、NF-κB、Sirt1/p53/Drpl、Nrf2/PINK1、Nrf2/ARE/TFAM和GSK-3β/Nrf2/HO-1等多种级联途径,恢复足细胞状态,有效延缓DKD的进展。

脑小血管病认知功能障碍的中医药防治研究进展

脑小血管病认知功能障碍(CSVD-VCI)是在脑小血管病基础上,引起认知功能受损的一类临床综合征。近年来,随着人口老龄化的加速,CSVD-VCI的发病率逐年上升,早诊断早治疗对该病的防治具有重要意义。CSVD-VCI属于中医学健忘、痴呆的范畴,中医学认为其病机涉及虚、痰、瘀、毒等多种因素,可分为脏腑亏虚型、痰瘀阻络型、毒损脑络型等主要证候类型。中医通过辨证论治在该病的治疗中发挥着重要作用,并取得显著进展,本文就CSVD-VCI的病因病机、辨证分型以及近年来中药单药、复方治疗该病的动物实验和临床研究展开综述,为中医药治疗CSVD-VCI提供参考依据。

中医药治疗糖尿病性神经源性膀胱研究进展

糖尿病性神经源性膀胱(DNB)是一种由高血糖引起的自主神经受损导致的异常排尿反应和膀胱功能障碍的统称,多见于糖尿病病史15年以上的患者。近年来,中医药被广泛应用于DNB的治疗,其临床疗效显著,不良反应较小,且能够避免外科手术创伤,减少并发症的危害,提高患者的生活质量。对DNB的发病机制、病因病机及中医药治疗研究进展进行综述,西医对其发病机制尚未完全阐明,现认为可能与糖代谢改变、神经传导通路障碍、逼尿肌细胞损伤、氧化应激损伤、尿路上皮的改变及尿道的形态和功能改变等有关。中医则认为DNB病位主要位于肾和膀胱,与肺、脾、肝、心、小肠、三焦关系密切。中医药治疗方面多采用著名医家的独到疗法,结合针灸、穴位贴敷、中药封包、循经走罐、滚珠式手足按摩、耳穴贴压、穴位注射、低频脉冲及推拿等外治方式,内外合治,临床疗效突出。参考文献41篇。

抗血管内皮生长因子药物治疗糖尿病视网膜病变的研究进展

糖尿病视网膜病变(DR),是糖尿病患者眼部最严重的微血管并发症,严重影响患者的视功能,是全球糖尿病患者失明的主要原因。血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)在DR的发病机制中起着关键作用,是诱导视网膜新生血管形成的主要血管生成因子。目前家族成员有7个,包括VEGF-A、VEGF-B、VEGF-C、VEGF-D、VEGF-E、VEGF-F和胎盘生长因子(PLGF),这些配体通过激活酪氨酸激酶受体,即血管内皮生长因子受体(VEGFR)-1和VEG-FR-2来引发一系列生理活动,并进一步加速DR的病程进展。玻璃体腔内注射抗VEGF药物是目前治疗DR的有效措施,通过与VEGF特异性结合,可明显消退视网膜新生血管,减轻黄斑水肿。常用的抗VEGF药物包括贝伐单抗、雷珠单抗、康柏西普、阿柏西普等。但抗VEGF药物半衰期较短,需要在一定时间后再次注射,长期反复应用的安全性仍需进一步研究。现将抗VEGF治疗DR的研究进展进行综述。

中医药治疗2型糖尿病合并高脂血症研究进展

2型糖尿病是一种常见的内分泌代谢紊乱性疾病,其发病率逐年上升,常伴发高脂血症,故临床合称“糖脂病”。该病的发生与胰岛素分泌障碍合并脂代谢异常相关,单纯西药治疗存在个体不耐受、不良反应大等缺点。近年来,中医药在该病治疗领域取得可观成效。糖脂病应责之痰、热、瘀、虚四端,乙癸亏虚,虚热灼痰,炼液为瘀,痰瘀搏结,阴阳俱损,故该病以肝肾亏虚为本,痰浊、郁热、瘀毒为标。治宜补虚泻实、调理阴阳,在常规用药基础上结合中医外治疗法,以外治内调,综合取效。该文总结中药单味药、药对、验方、针灸等疗法,旨在探究中医药治疗该病的临床应用价值。

糖尿病视网膜病变的药物治疗进展

糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是糖尿病常见的微血管并发症之一,也是目前导致成人失明的主要原因。近年来DR的治疗手段不断丰富,其中药物治疗相关的临床和基础研究更是获得了很大的进展。本文总结了DR相关治疗药物的现况和进展,包括羟苯磺酸钙(calcium dobesilate,CAD)、胰激肽原酶(pancreatic kininogenase,PK)、非诺贝特(fenofibrate)、抗血管内皮生长因子(anti-vascular endothelial growth factor,anti-VEGF)药物、胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂(glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist,GLP-1RA)、钠-葡萄糖共同转运蛋白2抑制剂(sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 inhibitors,SGLT-2i)、非奈利酮(finerenone)、抗氧化剂、天然产物及褪黑素(melatonin)等。

帕金森病与糖尿病相关性的研究进展

帕金森病与糖尿病分别为常见的神经退行性疾病及代谢性疾病,近年来患病人数不断上升。这两种疾病均为慢性疾病,其发生和进展均受到遗传因素和环境因素的调控,目前有大量文献提示了两种疾病在不同方面的潜在联系。本文将在二者流行病学、发病机制、临床症状之间的联系及糖尿病药物对帕金森病影响等方面的研究进展进行综述,为两种疾病的预防和治疗提供指导。

黄酮类化合物防治糖尿病及其并发症研究进展

[目的]总结分析黄酮类化合物防治糖尿病及其并发症的研究进展。[方法]检索2013年1月至2022年12月Web of Science、PubMed、中国知网、维普、万方等数据库中黄酮类化合物及糖尿病、糖尿病并发症的相关研究报道,归纳总结出黄酮类化合物在糖尿病及糖尿病并发症中的作用。[结果]研究证实,黄酮类化合物(中药黄酮提取物、柚皮素、高良姜素、山柰酚等)能有效防治糖尿病及由糖尿病引起的视网膜病变、肾病、心肌病、骨质疏松及糖尿病足。整体调节与综合治疗是黄酮类成分的特色,其具有抑制炎症、减少氧化应激、修复线粒体功能、降血糖、改善胰岛素抵抗的作用,并能够通过多条信号通路影响相关因子的表达,从而治疗糖尿病及其并发症。[结论]多途径、多层次阐述中药黄酮类化合物防治糖尿病及其并发症的药效物质基础、作用机制及构效关系,是开发黄酮类药物亟待解决的关键问题及未来研究的重要方向。

中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病相关信号通路的研究进展

非酒精性脂肪性肝病是最常见的肝脏疾病之一,近年来中医药多靶点、多通路治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病的相关研究报道越来越多。为进一步归纳总结中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病相关信号通路的研究进展,检索近5年来中国知网、PubMed等数据库文献,整理中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病常见信号通路和作用机制,为非酒精性脂肪性肝病的中医药治疗提供基础研究思路及理论支撑。通过检索中医药治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病相关文献,对其作用机制和常见信号通路进行整理分类,归纳总结,从调节脂质代谢和炎症反应两方面入手进行研究。调控脂质代谢相关信号通路包括FXR、PPARα、G蛋白信号通路等,炎症反应与NF-κB、Nrf2、Th17/Treg、JNK等多条信号通路有关。中医药能通过多条信号通路调节脂质代谢和炎症反应,进而治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病。中医药多靶点、多通路治疗非酒精性脂肪性肝病具有丰富的实验室研究和理论基础,进一步深入临床研究开发具有很好前景。

活血通络类方剂治疗糖尿病肾脏疾病的研究进展

糖尿病肾脏疾病(DKD)是导致慢性肾脏病和终末期肾病的首要病因,严重危害人类健康。中医认为血瘀是贯穿DKD全病程的重要病机,多项研究拟定了多个活血通络类方治疗DKD患者,其临床症状好转、蛋白尿减少、肾功能保护、治疗有效率提高和疾病进展延缓等方面均有成效。