目的:分析2013—2022年生酮饮食与超重/肥胖研究的文献,明确该领域研究的热点与趋势。方法:通过对Web of Science核心数据库进行主题词字段检索,于2023年3月6日完成检索,应用文献计量学方法及CiteSpace.6.1.R6软件,对国家/地区、作者、...目的:分析2013—2022年生酮饮食与超重/肥胖研究的文献,明确该领域研究的热点与趋势。方法:通过对Web of Science核心数据库进行主题词字段检索,于2023年3月6日完成检索,应用文献计量学方法及CiteSpace.6.1.R6软件,对国家/地区、作者、机构、期刊及关键词等文献特征进行统计分析。结果:共获取414篇文献数据,其中论文264篇、综述论文150篇。年发文量整体呈现出逐步增长的趋势;发文量多及影响力高的国家主要为美国与意大利;该领域的核心研究人员为Paoli,Antonio,热门期刊为《NUTRIENTS》杂志。研究热点关键词为“体重减轻”“胰岛素抵抗”“低碳水化合物”“身体成分”“新陈代谢”等;热门主题为“β-羟基丁酸”“生酮饮食”“极低能量饮食”“干预”“营养”等。研究趋势为“血脂分析”“生活质量”“减重饮食”。结论:过去10年间生酮饮食与超重/肥胖研究的关注度持续在提升。展开更多
Head and neck cancers(HNCs) are aggressive tumors that typically demonstrate a high glycolytic rate, which results in resistance to cytotoxic therapy and poor prognosis. Due to their location these tumors specifically...Head and neck cancers(HNCs) are aggressive tumors that typically demonstrate a high glycolytic rate, which results in resistance to cytotoxic therapy and poor prognosis. Due to their location these tumors specifically impair food intake and quality of life, so that prevention of weight loss through nutrition support becomes an important treatment goal. Dietary restriction of carbohydrates(CHOs) and their replacement with fat, mostly in form of a ketogenic diet(KD), have been suggested to accommodate for both the altered tumor cell metabolism and cancer-associated weight loss. In this review, I present three specific rationales for CHO restriction and nutritional ketosis as supportive treatment options for the HNC patient. These are(1) targeting the origin and specific aspects of tumor glycolysis;(2) protecting normal tissue from but sensitizing tumor tissue to radiation- and chemotherapy induced cell kill;(3) supporting body and muscle mass maintenance. While most of these benefits of CHO restriction apply to cancer in general, specific aspects of implementation are discussed in relation to HNC patients. While CHO restriction seems feasible in HNC patients the available evidence indicates that its role may extend beyond fighting malnutrition to fighting HNC itself.展开更多
The H-K-ATPase (HKA), a potassium-dependent proton transporter in the outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD) plays an important role in acid-base homeostasis. The OMCD contains two HKA isoforms;gastric (HKAα1), domin...The H-K-ATPase (HKA), a potassium-dependent proton transporter in the outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD) plays an important role in acid-base homeostasis. The OMCD contains two HKA isoforms;gastric (HKAα1), dominant under normal dietary conditions (ND), and colonic (HKAα2), induced under a K-free diet (KD). The enzymatic activity (EA) of HKA in the OMCD is incompletely understood. The focus of the present study is elucidating the EA of the HKA in HKAα1 and HKAα2 knockout (KO) mice under ND and KD. KO mice were subjected to ND or KD for 10 days. Ten OMCD tubules were extracted, half placed in potassium-free media (Solution 2), half in potassium-containing media (Solution 3). Fluorescence measurements are based on the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP, coupled with the oxidation of NADH. ADP is determined by a decrease in NADH fluorescence. In K presence, NADH fluorescence of HKAα1 KO mice read 13.5 ± 0.7 ppm for ND and 10.3 ± 0.2 ppm for KD, indicating stimulation of the colonic isoform. HKAα2 KO mice averaged 6.8 ± 0.3 ppm for ND and 5.4 ± 0.3 ppm for KD in solution 2 (p p α2 isoform. A significant difference in ATP production in HKAα2 KO mice is likely due to enhanced EA of H-ATPase under potassium depletion.展开更多
文摘目的:分析2013—2022年生酮饮食与超重/肥胖研究的文献,明确该领域研究的热点与趋势。方法:通过对Web of Science核心数据库进行主题词字段检索,于2023年3月6日完成检索,应用文献计量学方法及CiteSpace.6.1.R6软件,对国家/地区、作者、机构、期刊及关键词等文献特征进行统计分析。结果:共获取414篇文献数据,其中论文264篇、综述论文150篇。年发文量整体呈现出逐步增长的趋势;发文量多及影响力高的国家主要为美国与意大利;该领域的核心研究人员为Paoli,Antonio,热门期刊为《NUTRIENTS》杂志。研究热点关键词为“体重减轻”“胰岛素抵抗”“低碳水化合物”“身体成分”“新陈代谢”等;热门主题为“β-羟基丁酸”“生酮饮食”“极低能量饮食”“干预”“营养”等。研究趋势为“血脂分析”“生活质量”“减重饮食”。结论:过去10年间生酮饮食与超重/肥胖研究的关注度持续在提升。
文摘Head and neck cancers(HNCs) are aggressive tumors that typically demonstrate a high glycolytic rate, which results in resistance to cytotoxic therapy and poor prognosis. Due to their location these tumors specifically impair food intake and quality of life, so that prevention of weight loss through nutrition support becomes an important treatment goal. Dietary restriction of carbohydrates(CHOs) and their replacement with fat, mostly in form of a ketogenic diet(KD), have been suggested to accommodate for both the altered tumor cell metabolism and cancer-associated weight loss. In this review, I present three specific rationales for CHO restriction and nutritional ketosis as supportive treatment options for the HNC patient. These are(1) targeting the origin and specific aspects of tumor glycolysis;(2) protecting normal tissue from but sensitizing tumor tissue to radiation- and chemotherapy induced cell kill;(3) supporting body and muscle mass maintenance. While most of these benefits of CHO restriction apply to cancer in general, specific aspects of implementation are discussed in relation to HNC patients. While CHO restriction seems feasible in HNC patients the available evidence indicates that its role may extend beyond fighting malnutrition to fighting HNC itself.
文摘The H-K-ATPase (HKA), a potassium-dependent proton transporter in the outer medullary collecting duct (OMCD) plays an important role in acid-base homeostasis. The OMCD contains two HKA isoforms;gastric (HKAα1), dominant under normal dietary conditions (ND), and colonic (HKAα2), induced under a K-free diet (KD). The enzymatic activity (EA) of HKA in the OMCD is incompletely understood. The focus of the present study is elucidating the EA of the HKA in HKAα1 and HKAα2 knockout (KO) mice under ND and KD. KO mice were subjected to ND or KD for 10 days. Ten OMCD tubules were extracted, half placed in potassium-free media (Solution 2), half in potassium-containing media (Solution 3). Fluorescence measurements are based on the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP, coupled with the oxidation of NADH. ADP is determined by a decrease in NADH fluorescence. In K presence, NADH fluorescence of HKAα1 KO mice read 13.5 ± 0.7 ppm for ND and 10.3 ± 0.2 ppm for KD, indicating stimulation of the colonic isoform. HKAα2 KO mice averaged 6.8 ± 0.3 ppm for ND and 5.4 ± 0.3 ppm for KD in solution 2 (p p α2 isoform. A significant difference in ATP production in HKAα2 KO mice is likely due to enhanced EA of H-ATPase under potassium depletion.
