Industrialized Development Models of Agricultural Scientific and Technological Achievements

Industrialization of agricultural scientific and technological achievements has become an extremely important part in agricultural structural adjustment and agricultural economic development. Basic models for industrialization of China's agricultural scientific and technological achievements should be:( i) integrating scientific and technological development and production relying on large enterprises;( ii) integrating scientific research and development with agricultural scientific and technological achievements and scientific research institutions as support;( iii) spindle type transformation;( vi) agricultural scientific and technological demonstration area;( v) technology extension network.

The role of agricultural mechanization technology in the promotion of scientific and technological achievements in agriculture

Agricultural mechanization is to the use advanced and applicable agricultural machinery and equipment in agriculture to improve agricultural production conditions, and continuously improve the production technology and economic, ecological processes of agriculture. The level of agricultural science and technology depends largely on the degree of agricultural mechanization promotion. An agricultural country level depends on the degree of modern agricultural mechanization level of the application, and the era of mechanization in agriculture can not only save a lot of labor, reduce labor intensity, but also improve labor efficiency, and enhance resistance to natural disasters. The importance of agricultural mechanization technology in the scientific and technological achievements in agriculture is visible.

Spatial Heterogeneity of Agricultural Science and Technology Parks Technology Diffusion: A Case Study of Yangling ASTP

Agricultural science and technology parks(ASTPs) represent an important growth pole in China’s agricultural modernization.Clarifying their diffusion laws can optimize the technological diffusion process and improve its efficiency. Our study uses disaggregated spatial information in its model to analyze ASTP technology diffusion in a heterogeneous space. We constructed a comprehensive index system to evaluate the diffusion environmental quality and introduced the heterogeneous diffusion equation to calculate the technological diffusion probability. We applied this framework to a real-world scenario: the apple planting technology diffusion of the Yangling ASTP in the Loess Plateau, China. The results indicated: (1)the technological diffusion environment of the Loess Plateau advantageous apple producing area showed strong spatial heterogeneity caused by climate, topography, and external transportation links.(2) Under the combined effects of distance and spatial heterogeneity, the spatial diffusion pattern of the Yangling ASTP apple technology was expansion diffusion supplemented by hierarchical diffusion and banded diffusion, and (3) ASTP technology diffusion showed a strong distance attenuation effect, and the frictional effect of distance can be decreased by improving the diffusion environmental quality. These laws can promote regional balanced ASTP-driven development.

Risks in the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements concerning Tropical Agriculture

The transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture has the characteristics of high risk and high return. Based on the characteristics of transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture,this paper analyzes the risk factors during the transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture. In accordance with the current situation of low transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture in China,this paper proposes the measures to avoid the risks in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture and enhance the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements concerning tropical agriculture.

Effect of Technology Support for Social Network on Agricultural Technology Diffusion

[Objective] To analyze the key factor in agricultural technology diffusion- technology support, and to explore the method to quicken the diffusion of agricultural technology. [Method] The technology acquisition advantage of social network was il- lustrated by summarizing the status and characteristics of agricultural technology and technology supporting types in the process of agriculture technology diffusion. [Result] The multi-layer, complex, persistence, systematization features of agricultural technol- ogy require support and help of technology from surrounding social network to ulti- mately internalize the technology. [Conclusion] Using social networks for the technol- ogy support will be a powerful supplement to the system of agricultural technology diffusion.

The Knowledge Management Research of Agricultural Scientific Research Institution

Based on the perception of knowledge management from experts specializing in different fields,and experts at home and abroad,the knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution can build new platform,offer new approach for realization of explicit or tacit knowledge,and promote resilience and innovative ability of scientific research institution.The thesis has introduced functions of knowledge management research of agricultural science.First,it can transform the tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge.Second,it can make all the scientific personnel share knowledge.Third,it is beneficial to the development of prototype system of knowledge management.Fourth,it mainly researches the realization of knowledge management system.Fifth,it can manage the external knowledge via competitive intelligence.Sixth,it can foster talents of knowledge management for agricultural scientific research institution.Seventh,it offers the decision-making service for leaders to manage scientific program.The thesis also discusses the content of knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution as follows:production and innovation of knowledge;attainment and organizing of knowledge;dissemination and share of knowledge;management of human resources and the construction and management of infrastructure.We have put forward corresponding countermeasures to further reinforce the knowledge management research of agricultural scientific research institution.

Existing Problems and Recommendations for Cultivation of Agricultural Science and Technology Talents in China

China is a large agricultural country. Healthy and rapid development of agriculture plays an important role in overall socialist construction of China. To realize sustainable agricultural development,cultivation of agricultural science and technology innovation talents should be strengthened. Through analyzing existing problems in cultivation of agricultural science and technology innovation talents and combining actual situation of China's agricultural development,this paper came up with pertinent recommendations for strengthening China's agricultural science and technology talent cultivation,including improving agricultural science and technology innovation talent cultivation system,implementing " government- industry- university- institute" talent cultivation mode,speeding up construction of experimental teaching demonstration center,and applying human resource theories.

Thoughts on Science and Technology Service in Provincial Agricultural Research Institutes under the New Normal:Taking Changli Institute of Pomology of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences as an Example

In the context of the new normal of high-quality agricultural development,it is necessary to accelerate the comprehensive connection of scientific and technological services of provincial agricultural research institutes and industries,and mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific and technological service personnel.Under the new normal,traditional service types are single,technology promotion and training are becoming narrower and narrower.This article analyzed the problems in scientific and technological services of provincial agricultural research institutes,including lack of comprehensive demonstration bases,not close cooperation between scientific and technological and the government and new business entities,and lack of incentive mechanism.Finally,it came up with some pertinent recommendations such as improving supporting mechanism construction,making classified evaluation,and changing the scientific and technological service concepts.

Thoughts on Science and Technology Service in Agricultural Research Institutes:Taking Institute of Plant Protection of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences as an Example

Scientific and technological services are necessary for strengthening agriculture.Under the new situation,agricultural research institutes should give full play to their advantages,strive to innovate scientific and technological services methods,and improve scientific and technological service levels.Combined with the practice of science and technology work of Institute of Plant Protection of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,this paper made an in-depth analysis on the present situations and existing problems in the scientific and technological services of agricultural research institutes.Based on the analysis,it came up with recommendations including change ideological concepts,strengthening service awareness,adhering to people-oriented principle,enhancing the team building,improving mechanism construction,stimulating innovative vitality,exploring service methods,and enriching service connotation,so as to improve scientific and technological service works.

农业新质生产力:内涵特征、发展重点、面临制约和政策建议

结合学习习近平总书记关于发展新质生产力的重要论述,文章探讨了农业新质生产力的内涵要义和发展要求,揭示了发展农业新质生产力的意义和战略重点,分析了发展农业新质生产力面临的制约,提出要面向加快建设农业强国和把农业建成现代化大产业的需求,科学处理农业新质生产力与农业传统生产力、仰望星空与脚踏实地、有为政府与有效市场、统筹高质量发展和高水平安全、农业新质生产力特殊性与新质生产力一般性等的关系。在此基础上,提出了发展农业新质生产力的若干政策建议。如实施若干重大工程或计划,完善激励机制,设立未来农业专项,加强和创新农业新质生产力支持体系,加强对农业农村基础设施和公共服务能力建设的支持,等等。

Study on the Policies,Science and Technology Support to Impel the Development of Recreational Agriculture in Hainan

The current situation of the recreational agriculture development in Hainan was analyzed. The problems of imperfect security system,unsound policies and regulations,scant government support,low enthusiasm for developing recreational agriculture,lacking science and technology support and less special competitive products in Hainan were discussed. Through the reference of foreign countries and Taiwan Region policy support and legislative experience on recreational agriculture,it was recommended to perfect the policy system,develop the leading role of the government,enhance the legislation and supervision,pay attention to science and technology support,in order to promote the healthy sustainable development of recreational agriculture in Hainan.

物联网发展、科技创新与农业碳排放强度

农业生产导致的温室气体排放以及引发的环境问题,已成为人们关注的热点,研究物联网发展对农业碳排放强度的作用机理,有助于农业农村能源转型和促进农业绿色可持续发展。基于2010—2021年我国除港、澳、台外的31个省级地区的面板数据,分析物联网发展对农业碳排放强度的影响,以及科技创新在此过程中的作用。研究发现:物联网发展显著抑制了农业碳排放强度,并且存在显著异质性,在中国东部和中部地区,科技创新水平有效提升了物联网发展对农业碳排放强度的抑制作用。把农业科技创新水平作为门槛变量,发现物联网发展和农业碳排放强度之间存在非线性关系,当农业科技创新水平跨越门槛值后,物联网发展对农业碳排放强度的抑制作用显著增强。研究结论在推动数字化农业、促进科技与农业融合方面具有理论和实践价值。

以新质生产力引领农业强国建设:内在要求与实现路径

加快推进我国由农业大国向农业强国转变,是以中国式现代化全面推进强国建设、民族复兴伟业的题中应有之义。新质生产力作为先进生产力,能够从人才、技术、装备、管理等各方面革新农业发展的要素基础,推动农业强国建设取得实质性进展。以新质生产力引领农业强国建设要以推动农业科技创新为核心,以推动农业产业创新为重点,以推动农业经营体制创新为难点,以绿色可持续为原则,以夯实粮食安全根基为底线。为此,要加大农业创新资源投入,推动政产学研深度融合;做好新型职业农民培育工作,充分发挥农民创造性;持续完善政策支持体系,加快培育新型农业经营主体;从绿色生产到绿色消费,全过程推进农业绿色转型;深入贯彻落实“大食物观”,构建新型食物供给体系。

中国虫白蜡特色资源产业发展现状与科技创新对策

本研究分析了我国虫白蜡特色农业资源利用产业在养殖和加工技术传承、产品特性、种质资源、多重效益、科学研究及技术推广等方面的优势,以及该产业目前发展存在的短板和制约瓶颈;针对存在的问题,提出了科学规划产业布局、加强优良种质资源选育、加强病虫害防治和采收加工技术革新、加强产业链下游产品精深加工和新产品研发创制等科技创新对策,以及该产业在“十五五”农业农村科技发展期间的主要目标和重点方向等,为我国虫白蜡特色资源开发利用产业的良性发展提供政策启示,助力我国农业生态环境保护(修复)、生态循环农业绿色低碳发展及乡村人居环境整治的稳步推进。

科技成果转化农学创新综合实验的探索与实践

探索将科技成果“香稻增香增产栽培技术”转化为农学专业的综合实验,形成“香稻增香增产栽培技术应用与香气测定分析”创新综合实验,包括了田间实验设计、田间调查与取样、室内测定与分析、实验报告撰写等环节的实验教学体系。通过多途径强化创新能力。综合实验的实施有利于调动新农科学生的科研热情,增强科研创新素质和实践能力,实现推动卓越农林人才培养的目标。

全方位夯实粮食安全根基——主要指标及关联程度测度分析

文章理论阐释全方位夯实粮食安全根基的政策涵义,构建四维度34个指标的粮食安全根基综合评价指标体系。基于2011—2021年时间序列数据,文章采用牛顿第二定律、灰色关联度等模型,揭示各指标对粮食安全根基的驱动力强弱,测度各指标与粮食安全根基的关联程度及关键指标的变化趋势。研究发现,在夯实粮食安全根基的驱动力作用下,耕地保护和科技支撑起到正向作用,党政同责夯实的作用呈波动趋势,而种粮收益则表现为负向作用。应稳定党政同责保障粮食安全的作用,逐步将支持的重点转向农业科技进步,通过科技支撑带动耕地保护程度和种粮收益水平持续提高。我国粮食安全根基综合指数呈“W”形变动,但科技支撑指数呈现的复杂趋势和种粮收益指数相对稳定在较低水平的态势要引起重视。未来耕地质量和科技支撑对粮食安全的作用将不断增强,要重点防范耕地数量逐渐减少和“谁来种粮”问题带来的粮食安全风险。

国家级农业科研机构青年人才培养体系建设的经验与启示--以中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所为例

系统推进农业科研机构青年人才队伍建设,对于实现农业科技高水平自立自强具有重要战略和实践意义。文章从系统论的视角,在阐述青年科技人才培养内涵特征的基础上,构建一个“制度保障-平台赋能-文化创新-机遇创造”四维逻辑框架,并以中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所为例,总结了国家级农业科研机构建设青年科技人才培养体系的实践经验,着重从加强顶层设计、深化体制机制改革、加强平台建设、创造历练机会、创新文化建设等方面提出了加强农业科研机构青年科技人才培养体系建设的建议,以期为加快培育国家战略科技力量,发展农业新质生产力和农业强国建设提供参考借鉴。

基层农业科研单位科技创新力提升的思考——以浙江省亚热带作物研究所为例

基层农业科研单位是推动地方农业科技进步的骨干力量,文章总结了浙江省亚热带作物研究所建所60多年,特别是“十四五”以来科技创新的现状,深入分析了新形势下科技创新力提升面临的问题及原因,并有针对性地提出了党建引领文化传承、深化体制机制改革、聚焦科技创新和“三农”服务、助力产业提质增效等加快推进基层农业科研单位创新发展的对策和建议,以期为基层农业科研单位提升科技创新力提供参考。

以科技创新加快发展农业新质生产力

以科技创新培育和发展农业新质生产力是提高农业综合生产能力、确保国家粮食安全的内在要求,也是推进农业高质量发展、加速建成农业强国和社会主义现代化强国的战略需要。首先,探讨了农业新质生产力的内涵要义和主要特征,认为农业新质生产力是由科技创新驱动引领、以农业产业体系为强力支撑、以满足广大人民美好生活需要为主要目标、促使资源环境可持续发展的绿色、先进生产力;其次,厘清了发展农业新质生产力的“三重逻辑”,从农业科技创新水平和创新能力、新型农业人才供给现状、三产融合和农业竞争力水平等方面分析了当前我国发展农业新质生产力所面临的主要挑战;再次,梳理了发展农业新质生产力的目标和思路,明确了提升粮食和重要农产品产能、推动农业发展绿色转型、强化农业基础理论支撑和技术源头供给、加快产出一批原创性战略性农业科技创新成果、深化农业科技交流与合作等重点任务;最后,从加速农业创新链、产业链、人才链、资金链的创建与融合,构建包含农业科技创新、产业创新和制度创新的完整生态的角度,提出加快发展农业新质生产力的对策建议。

基于短视频的农业科技科普化路径研究--以江苏省农业科学院农业科技科普系列短视频为例

科技资源科普化是新时代科普工作在科研单位的具体实践。以短视频的方式进行农业科技科普,可以把抽象的科学技术具象化、可视化,对推动科技创新和社会进步,提高全民科学素养,促进科技成果的转化和应用,营造崇尚科学、创新进取的社会氛围具有重要意义。文章分析了以短视频为载体的农业科技科普化面临的挑战,并以江苏省农业科学院农业科技科普系列短视频为例,介绍了其创制与传播实践及取得的成效,从创新农业科技科普化机制、提升农业科技科普创作能力、构建农业科技科普传播矩阵等方面提出了推动农业科研单位基于短视频的农业科技资源科普化的对策建议。