Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of dig...Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of digestive system(DS)cancers,but results remain conflicting rather than conclusive.Here,we performed a case–control study and subsequent meta-analysis to examine the association between rs1137101 and DS cancer risk.Methods A total of 1,727 patients with cancer(gastric/liver/colorectal:460/480/787)and 800 healthy controls were recruited.Genotyping of rs1137101 was conducted using a polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)assay and confirmed using Sanger sequencing.Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis.Results After Bonferroni correction,the case–control study revealed that rs1137101 was significantly associated with the risk of liver cancer in the Hubei Chinese population.The meta-analysis suggested that rs1137101 is significantly associated with the risk of overall DS,gastric,and liver cancer in the Chinese population.Conclusion The LEPR rs1137101 variant may be a genetic biomarker for susceptibility to DS cancers(especially liver and gastric cancer)in the Chinese population.展开更多
BACKGROUND Glycosylation,a commonly occurring post-translational modification,is highly expressed in several tumors,specifically in those of the digestive system,and plays a role in various cellular pathophysiological...BACKGROUND Glycosylation,a commonly occurring post-translational modification,is highly expressed in several tumors,specifically in those of the digestive system,and plays a role in various cellular pathophysiological mechanisms.Although the importance and detection methods of glycosylation in digestive system tumors have garnered increasing attention in recent years,bibliometric analysis of this field remains scarce.The present study aims to identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.AIM To find and identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.METHODS We obtained relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection and employed VOSviewer 1.6.19 and CiteSpace(version 6.1.R6)to perform bibliometric analysis.RESULTS A total of 2042 documents spanning from 1978 to the present were analyzed,with the research process divided into three phases:the period of obscurity(1978-1990),continuous development period(1991-2006),and the rapid outbreak period(2007-2023).These documents were authored by researchers from 66 countries or regions,with the United States and China leading in terms of publication output.Reis Celso A had the highest number of publications,while Pinho SS was the most cited author.Co-occurrence analysis revealed the most popular keywords in this field are glycosylation,expression,cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Furthermore,the Journal of Proteome Research was the most prolific journal in terms of publications,while the Journal of Biological Chemistry had the most citations.CONCLUSION The bibliometric analysis shows current research focus is primarily on basic research in this field.However,future research should aim to utilize glycosylation as a target for treating tumor patients.展开更多
Blastomas,characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal,epithelial,and undifferentiated blastematous components,are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast cells.This review focuses on digestive system b...Blastomas,characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal,epithelial,and undifferentiated blastematous components,are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast cells.This review focuses on digestive system blastomas in adult patients,including gastroblastoma,hepatoblastoma,and pancreatoblastoma.Gastroblastoma is a biphasic,epitheliomesenchymal tumor,with only sixteen cases reported to date.In addition to the characteristic histology,metastasisassociated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 gene fusion is typical,although recently novel ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-c-terminal binding protein 1 and patched 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 2 fusions have been described.Hepatoblastoma is exceptionally rare in adults and can show a variety of histologic patterns which may cause diagnostic difficulty.Pancreatoblastoma,primarily a pediatric tumor,displays acinar differentiation and squamoid nests with other lines of differentiation also present,especially neuroendocrine.Diagnostic approaches for these blastomas include a combination of imaging modalities,histopathological examination,and molecular profiling.The treatment generally involves surgical resection,which may be supplemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy in some cases.Prognoses vary with gastroblastoma generally showing favorable outcomes post-surgery whereas hepatoblastoma and pancreatoblastoma often have poorer outcomes,particularly in the setting of metastases.This review highlights the complexity of diagnosing and managing these rare adult blastomas as well as the need for ongoing research to better understand their pathogenesis and improve treatment strategies.展开更多
Background:There is scant evidence regarding the effects of exercise type and duration on quality of life(QoL)in digestive system cancer(DSC)survivors.We aim to investigate the optimal type and duration of exercise to...Background:There is scant evidence regarding the effects of exercise type and duration on quality of life(QoL)in digestive system cancer(DSC)survivors.We aim to investigate the optimal type and duration of exercise to improve QoL for DSC survivors through a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Methods:A systematic literature search of PubMed,Embase,and Web of Science was performed.Eligibility for study inclusion was limited to studies that were randomized controlled trials involving all kinds of exercise in adult patients with DSCs,and the comparator was in standard care or other types of exercise.The primary outcome was QoL,including general health,physical health,mental health,and role function.Secondary outcomes included cancer-related symptoms such as fatigue,insomnia,depression,anxiety,and duration of hospital stay.The network meta-analyses were performed using a random-effect model.Results:The analysis included 32 eligible articles and a total of 2558 participants.Our primary outcome indicated that short-term aerobic exercise significantly enhanced general health(standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.66,95%credible intervals(Crls):0.05 to 1.30),and also contributed to a better mental health(SMD=0.38,95%CrI:-0.05 to 0.81)and role function(SMD=0.48,95%CrI:-0.27 to 1.20).Although without significant changes,short-term resistance exercise tended to increase the physical health of patients with DSCs(SM=0.69,95%CrI:-0.07 to 1.50)and effective in alleviating fatigue(SMD=-0.77,95%CrI:-1.50 to 0.01).Short-term aerobic exercise was related to a lower score of insomnia(SMD=-1.20,95%CrI:-2.40 to 0.06),depression(SMD=-0.51,95%CrI:-1.50 to 0.45),and anxiety(SMD=-0.45,95%CrI:-1.30 to 0.34).All types of exercise related to a trend of declined hospital stays(-0.87 to-5.00 day).Long-term resistance exercise,however,was negatively associated with general health(SMD=-0.33,95%CrI:-1.70 to 1.00),physical health(SMD=-0.18,95%CrI:-1.30to 0.90),and role function(SMD=-1.20,95%CrI:-2.50 to 0.11).Conclusion:This study suggests that short-term aerobic exercise,with or without resistance exercise programs,enhances QoL(especially for general health)as well as relieves cancer-related symptoms for DSC survivors,while long-term resistance exercise may have negative effects,and thus should be adopted cautiously.These results provide important evidence for the management of DSCs.展开更多
Many digestive system malignant tumors are characterized by high incidence and mortality rate.Increasing evidence has revealed that the tumor microenvironment(TME)is involved in cancer initiation and tumor progression...Many digestive system malignant tumors are characterized by high incidence and mortality rate.Increasing evidence has revealed that the tumor microenvironment(TME)is involved in cancer initiation and tumor progression.Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)are a predominant constituent of the TME,and participate in the regulation of various biological behaviors and influence the prognosis of digestive system cancer.TAMs can be mainly classified into the antitumor M1 phenotype and protumor M2 phenotype.The latter especially are crucial drivers of tumor invasion,growth,angiogenesis,metastasis,immunosuppression,and resistance to therapy.TAMs are of importance in the occurrence,development,diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of common digestive system malignant tumors.In this review,we summarize the role of TAMs in common digestive system malignant tumors,including esophageal,gastric,colorectal,pancreatic and liver cancers.How TAMs promote the development of tumors,and how they act as potential therapeutic targets and their clinical applications are also described.展开更多
Chronic inflammation,through a variety of mechanisms,plays a key role in the occurrence and development of digestive system malignant tumors(DSMTs).In this study,we feature and provide a comprehensive understanding of...Chronic inflammation,through a variety of mechanisms,plays a key role in the occurrence and development of digestive system malignant tumors(DSMTs).In this study,we feature and provide a comprehensive understanding of DSMT prevention strategies based on preventing or controlling chronic inflammation.The development and evaluation of cancer prevention strategies is a longstanding process.Cancer prevention,especially in the early stage of life,should be emphasized throughout the whole life course.Issues such as the time interval for colon cancer screening,the development of direct-acting antiviral drugs for liver cancer,and the Helicobacter pylori vaccine all need to be explored in long-term,large-scale experiments in the future.展开更多
Digestive system cancers are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Cancer patients are more likely to commit suicide.The objective of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive and updated summa...Digestive system cancers are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Cancer patients are more likely to commit suicide.The objective of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive and updated summary of the existing literature on suicide among patients with digestive system cancers to identify the incidence and risk factors relevant to suicide in these populations.The PRISMA-Scr(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension protocol for scoping reviews)protocol was used.The review was based on relevant articles published prior to January 2022 in databases of Web of Science and PubMed.The authors identified 21 records that met the criteria for inclusion.Among the 21 articles,18(n=85.7%)reported suicide risk factors,21(n=100%)evaluated the incidence of suicide and 16(n=76.2%)involved the variation in suicide rates.Only one study comprehensively reported that the suicide rate for this population was 32.8 per 100,000 years and the standardized mortality ratio(SMR)was 1.91.Most suicides occurred in patients with pancreatic,esophageal,and gastric cancers.The factors associated with suicide in digestive system cancers included male gender,older age,the white race,single status,advanced stage of disease,and cancer metastasis.The most critical time for suicide was in the early post-diagnostic period.It is indispensable to identify suicide in these cancer patients,especially those with high-risk factors.In the future,more prospective research may be needed to provide more reliable support and care to prevent suicide.展开更多
Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II(INPP4B)is a newly discovered PI(3,4,5)P3 phosphatase.Many studies have revealed that INPP4B is upregulated or downregulated in tumors of the digestive system,and the abnorm...Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II(INPP4B)is a newly discovered PI(3,4,5)P3 phosphatase.Many studies have revealed that INPP4B is upregulated or downregulated in tumors of the digestive system,and the abnormal expression of INPP4B may be attributed to the occurrence,development,and prognosis of tumors of the digestive system.This paper reviews studies on the correlations between INPP4B and digestive system tumors and the roles of INPP4B in the development of different tumors to provide a theoretical basis for further research on its molecular mechanism and clinical application."INPP4B"and"tumor"were searched as key words in PubMed and in the CNKI series full text database retrieval system from January 2000 to August 2023.A total of 153 Englishlanguage studies and 30 Chinese-language studies were retrieved.The following enrollment criteria were applied:(1)Studies contained information on the biological structure and functions of INPP4B;(2)studies covered the influence of abnormal expression of INPP4B in digestive system tumors;and(3)studies covered the role of INPP4B in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of digestive system tumors.After excluding the literature irrelevant to this study,61 papers were finally included in the analysis.INPP4B expression is low in gastric cancer,colon cancer,pancreatic cancer,and liver cancer but it has high expression in esophageal cancer,colon cancer,pancreatic cancer,and gallbladder cancer.INPP4B is involved in the occurrence and development of digestive system tumors through the regulation of gene expression and signal transduction.The abnormal expression of INPP4B plays an important role in the development of digestive system tumors.Studies on INPP4B provide new molecular insights for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis evaluation of digestive system tumors.展开更多
Sijunzi Decoction,as one of the classic Chinese traditional prescriptions,has been used clinically by major physicians since the Song Dynasty.This article reviewed and sorted out the literature on the effective chemis...Sijunzi Decoction,as one of the classic Chinese traditional prescriptions,has been used clinically by major physicians since the Song Dynasty.This article reviewed and sorted out the literature on the effective chemistry of Sijunzi Decoction and the mechanism of its prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases.At present,its effective chemical components are derived from the saponins and flavonoids in ginseng and licorice,and are effective for gastrointestinal mucosal injury diseases and malignant digestive system.Digestive system diseases such as tumors,functional gastrointestinal diseases,non-alcoholic fatty liver,acute liver injury,and liver failure show a multi-path,multi-target effect mechanism.This article reviews the effective chemical components and research of Sijunzi Decoction and the related mechanisms of prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases,and provides valuable clues for the follow-up research of Sijunzi Decoction.展开更多
With the “boom” of AI, researchers have made significant progress in assisting clinical disease diagnosis, prediction, and treatment. This article provides an overview of models built using both traditional machine ...With the “boom” of AI, researchers have made significant progress in assisting clinical disease diagnosis, prediction, and treatment. This article provides an overview of models built using both traditional machine learning methods and deep learning methods, as well as research progress on robotics in digestive system diseases, aiming to provide references for further studies. An application has been developed by domestic and foreign scholars that allows users to upload images of stool samples, which are then analyzed using big data to provide a score for bowel preparation, thereby improving the quality of bowel preparation. In some gastrointestinal diseases, such as Hp infection, Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal cancer, chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer, IBD, etc., artificial intelligence possesses diagnostic capabilities comparable to those of professional endoscopists, and some applications can achieve real-time diagnosis. In the field of liver, gallbladder, and pancreatic diseases, artificial intelligence can assist in preoperative diagnosis using imaging or pathology, and robotic remote operations can be performed during surgery, predicting postoperative risk levels, and more. Different scholars have compared and analyzed various algorithm networks for different diseases to find the best-performing models. On this basis, methods such as the MCA attention mechanism, feature selection, gradient descent, and ensemble models can be introduced to further improve the diagnostic performance of the models. In the future, AI can not only help patients self-manage single or multiple diseases, monitor and manage their own diseases in a standardized and reasonable manner, but also predict and treat digestive system diseases at the genetic level.展开更多
The highest morbidity and mortality in the world are attributed to digestive system tumors,such as stomach cancer,liver cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Exploring potential biomarkers is a crucial direction of tumor resea...The highest morbidity and mortality in the world are attributed to digestive system tumors,such as stomach cancer,liver cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Exploring potential biomarkers is a crucial direction of tumor research.We use bioinformatics methods to explore potential biomarkers of the digestive system.Mining and analyzing data from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA),Kaplan-Meier,cBioPortal,and Metabolic gEne RApid Visualizer(MERAV)to explore the correlation between IGF2BP(insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein)family expression and immune infiltration in digestive system tumors,and further probe the prognostic value of IGF2BP family in digestive system tumors.Esophageal cancer tissues showed a significantly higher expression of IGF2BP2 than normal tissues,while IGF2BP3 was notably more expressed in esophageal cancer,pancreatic cancer,and stomach cancer.In the prognosis evaluation,the IGF2BP1 gene in patients with liver cancer and the IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 genes in patients with stomach cancer and liver cancer of the low gene expression level groups were better.Multivariate COX regression analysis further suggested that tumor stage,CD8 positive T cells,macrophages,dendritic cell infiltration,and IGF2BP3 expression were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with stem cell liver cancer.The IGF2BP family may be a potential marker for immunotherapy and the prognosis of digestive system tumors.展开更多
Starch digestion rate and location in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)are critical for human health.This review aims to present a comprehensive summary on our current understanding of physiological,biochemical,anatomic...Starch digestion rate and location in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)are critical for human health.This review aims to present a comprehensive summary on our current understanding of physiological,biochemical,anatomical and geometrical factors of human digestive system that are related to in vivo starch digestibility.It is shown that all digestive compartments including mouth,stomach,small intestine,and large intestine play critical roles in regulating the overall starch digestion process.A proper investigation of starch digestion pattern should thus be based on the consideration of all these compartments.Main biological factors are summarized as oral mastication and salivation,gastric emptying and motility,small intestinal enzymes and motility,large intestinal resistant starch(RS)-microbiota interactions and gut-brain feedback control,as well as glucose adsorption and hormonal feedback control.However,connections among these biological factors in determining starch digestive behaviors remain elusive.This is due to the inherent complexity of human GIT anatomy,motility and biochemical conditions,as well as ethical,financial and technical issues in conducting clinical studies.Much technological and scientific efforts from both clinical studies and in vitro simulation models are required for a better understanding of in vivo starch digestion behaviors.展开更多
Objective: To explore the safety of ultrasound and microbubbles for enhancing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of malignant tumors in the digestive system in a clinical trial, as well as its efficacy.Methods: From O...Objective: To explore the safety of ultrasound and microbubbles for enhancing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of malignant tumors in the digestive system in a clinical trial, as well as its efficacy.Methods: From October 2014 to June 2016, twelve patients volunteered to participate in this study. Eleven patients had hepatic metastases from tumors of the digestive system, and one patient had pancreatic carcinoma. According to the mechanical index (MI) in the ultrasound field, patients were classified into four groups with MIs of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0. Within half an hour after chemotherapy, patients underwent ultrasound scanning with ultrasound microbubbles (SonoVue) to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. All adverse reactions were recorded and were classified in 4 grades according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 (CTCAE V4.03). Tumor responses were evaluated by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 criteria. All the patients were followed up until progression.Results: All the adverse reactions recorded were level 1 or level 2. No local pain occurred in any of the patients. Among all the adverse reactions, fever might be related to the treatment with ultrasound combined with microbubbles. Six patients had stable disease (SD), and one patient had a partial response (PR) after the first cycle of treatment. At the end of follow-up, tumor progression was restricted to the original sites, and no new lesions had appeared.Conclusions: Our preliminary data showed the potential role of a combined treatment with ultrasound and microbubbles in enhancing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of malignant tumors of the digestive system. This technique is safe when the MI is no greater than 1.0.展开更多
Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is caused by infection of the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)with typical respiratory symptoms.SARS-CoV-2 invades not only the respiratory syst...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is caused by infection of the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)with typical respiratory symptoms.SARS-CoV-2 invades not only the respiratory system,but also other organs expressing the cell surface receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2.In particular,the digestive system is a susceptible target of SARS-CoV-2.Gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19 include anorexia,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal pain,and liver damage.Patients with digestive damage have a greater chance of progressing to severe or critical illness,a poorer prognosis,and a higher risk of death.This paper aims to summarize the digestive system symptoms of COVID-19 and discuss fecal-oral contagion of SARS-CoV-2.It also describes the characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease patients with SARSCoV-2 infection and discusses precautions for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection during gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures.Improved attention to digestive system abnormalities and gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19 patients may aid health care providers in the process of clinical diagnosis,treatment,and epidemic prevention and control.展开更多
Cancers of the digestive system(DS),including esophageal,gastric,colorectal,liver,and pancreatic can-cers,have a high incidence and mortality worldwide.Current cancer models cannot faithfully recapitu-late the critica...Cancers of the digestive system(DS),including esophageal,gastric,colorectal,liver,and pancreatic can-cers,have a high incidence and mortality worldwide.Current cancer models cannot faithfully recapitu-late the critical features of the original tumor,resulting in the failure of translation from basic research into clinical practice.More advanced cancer models are in urgent need of pathogenesis exploration and anticancer medicine development.Organoids are in vitro cultured three dimensional(3D)self-organizing organotypic structures derived from tissues and pluripotent stem cells,which faithfully mimic the histological features and preserve the genetic heterogeneity of the original tissues.Both normal and malignant organoids can now be efficiently established from the DS tissues of patients.In this review,we summarize the general methods to generate human DS organoids and their applications as a novel model in basic cancer research,preclinical medical practice,and precision medicine.展开更多
Objective: Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) participates in the initial recognition of DNA damage during nucleotide excision repair process in global genomic repair. Our meta-analysis was perform...Objective: Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) participates in the initial recognition of DNA damage during nucleotide excision repair process in global genomic repair. Our meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between three polymorphisms (Lys939Gln, PAT+/- and Ala499Val) of XPC gene and risk of digestive system cancers. Methods: All the relevant case-control studies published to April 2011 were identified through searching PubMed. Digestive system cancer risk with the three polymorphisms was estimated for each study by odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: We found an increased overall risk for digestive system cancers in all three models of Lys939Gln AC (AC/CC vs. AA: OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.11-1.30; CC vs. AC/AA: OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.11-1.39; CC vs. AA: OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.21-1.53). When strati?ed by ethnicity, results remained significant in Asian population (AC/CC vs. AA: OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37; CC vs. AC/AA: OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.1-1.51; CC vs. AA: OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.08-1.70), but not for Caucasians. However for Ala499Val CT, a significant protective effect of T allele was only observed in the dominant model. Otherwise, no significant results were observed for PAT+/-. Conclusion: XPC Lys939Gln AC polymorphism may play an important role in digestive system cancer susceptibility.展开更多
Four adult Hedgehogs (Erinaceus euopaeus) (two males and two females) captured from field were used in this test. The samples were quickly taken after killing, and fixed with 10% neutral HCHO. Paraffin sections were d...Four adult Hedgehogs (Erinaceus euopaeus) (two males and two females) captured from field were used in this test. The samples were quickly taken after killing, and fixed with 10% neutral HCHO. Paraffin sections were done along with HE dying. The results showed that their oesophagus were composed of stratified squamous epithelium, with light monkeiatinized shallow cell and well developed oesophageal glands. There are circular wrinkled wall and intestinal villus on the mucosa of the small intestine with developed small intestinal glands, long and thick intestinal villi in the duodenum, where exists Paneth cell on the basis of intestinal glands. It has isolated lymph nodule in the proper layer of the intestinum jejunum, as well as assemble lymph nodule in the proper layer of mucosa of the ileum. The number of lymph nodule in large intestine increases as compared with others, in which there is longitudinal wrinkled wall, but no intestinal villi. More developed large intestinal glands can be seen, where the cup cell rises gradually from forward to backward along intestinal system. In addition, there is no very clear boundary among liver lobule because the connective tissue among it is not developed well, and so does pancreas.展开更多
Chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 7(CXCR7),recently termed ACKR3,belongs to the G protein-coupled cell surface receptor family,binds to stromal cellderived factor-1[SDF-1,or chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 12]or chemokine(C...Chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 7(CXCR7),recently termed ACKR3,belongs to the G protein-coupled cell surface receptor family,binds to stromal cellderived factor-1[SDF-1,or chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 12]or chemokine(CX-C motif)ligand 11,and is the most common chemokine receptor expressed in a variety of cancer cells.SDF-1 binds to its receptor chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 4(CXCR4)and regulates cell proliferation,survival,angiogenesis and migration.In recent years,another new receptor for SDF-1,CXCR7,has been discovered,and CXCR7 has also been found to be expressed in a variety of tumor cells and tumor-related vascular endothelial cells.Many studies have shown that CXCR7 can promote the growth and metastasis of a variety of malignant tumor cells.Unlike CXCR4,CXCR7 exhibits a slight modification in the DRYLAIV motif and does not induce intracellular Ca^2+release following ligand binding,which is essential for recruiting and activating G proteins.CXCR7 is generally thought to work in three ways:(1)Recruitingβ-arrestin 2;(2)Heterodimerizing with CXCR4;and(3)Acting as a“scavenger”of SDF-1,thus lowering the level of SDF-1 to weaken the activity of CXCR4.In the present review,the expression and role of CXCR7,as well as its prognosis in cancers of the digestive system,were investigated.展开更多
Objective:Based on the data mining method,explore the medication rules of Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of digestive system tumors.Method:Based on the"Chinese Traditional Medicine Prescription Databa...Objective:Based on the data mining method,explore the medication rules of Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of digestive system tumors.Method:Based on the"Chinese Traditional Medicine Prescription Database"in https://db.yaozh.com/,collect Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of digestive system tumors,establish an Excel table,and use the ancient and modern medical case cloud platform(V2.2.1)to perform frequency statistics,association rules,and drugs on the data Clustering and complex network analysis.Results:A total of 36 Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of digestive system tumors were screened.The medicinal properties were mainly warm and cold,the taste was bitter and sweet,and the meridians were mainly liver and spleen meridians.High frequency Chinese medicine include Astragalus,Scutellaria-barbata,Ginseng,Curcuma,Triangle,Atractylodes,Hedyotis diffusa,etc.Correlation analysis obtained 17 drug combinations,High-frequency drug pairs include Scutellaria-barbata-Astragalus,Ginseng-Astragalus,Curcuma-Astragalus,Scutellaria-barbata-Curcuma,etc.Cluster analysis found 3 types of drugs.The core drug network is composed of 27 drugs,and the core compatibility network consists of 3 groups of drugs.Conclusion:The Chinese patent compound medicine for the treatment of digestive system tumors has the characteristics of combining cold and warming,replenishing and reducing treatment,and treating the liver and spleen at the same time.The medicine is mainly used to replenish qi and invigorate the spleen,promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis,and clear away heat and detoxification.Replenish qi,nourish yin,invigorate blood,and detoxify are mainly compatible with each other,reflecting the pathogenesis characteristics of"deficiency,stasis,and toxin"in digestive system tumors.Data mining can provide references for the prescription and compatibility of Chinese patent medicines.展开更多
The digestive system of Cymatium pileare consists of buccal cavity, oesophagus, stom- ach, intestine, anus, salivary glands and liver. There is a contractible 'Argobuccinum' form proboscis in the anterior ext...The digestive system of Cymatium pileare consists of buccal cavity, oesophagus, stom- ach, intestine, anus, salivary glands and liver. There is a contractible 'Argobuccinum' form proboscis in the anterior extremity of its body, and the buccal cavity lies in the anterior part of the proboscis, with a pair of jaws and a piece of radular ribbon. The jaws have many neatly arraned sickle- shaped sharpen denticles. Its dentition formula of radula is 2- (7) 1' (5-6) I (5-6) .1 (7) .2. In the middle of oesophagus, there is an expanded crop, which has the function of temporary food stor- age and preliminarily digesting food. The stomach is U-shaped and there are 2 entrances for liver ducts in its ventral side. The intestine is short and can be divided into 2 parts based on the structure of epithelia of their inner walls. The inner wall of foreintestine is stratified columnar epithelium, but the inner wall of hindintestine is pesudostratified columnar epithelium. The salivary gland of C. pileare is toxic gland and the toxin extracted from it plays a great role on its predation. The liver of C. pileare is compound tubuloacinar gland with mitochondrion, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi comples and lysosome in its glandular cells.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WUT:2020IB029)。
文摘Objective The leptin receptor,encoded by the LEPR gene,is involved in tumorigenesis.A potential functional variant of LEPR,rs1137101(Gln223Arg),has been extensively investigated for its contribution to the risk of digestive system(DS)cancers,but results remain conflicting rather than conclusive.Here,we performed a case–control study and subsequent meta-analysis to examine the association between rs1137101 and DS cancer risk.Methods A total of 1,727 patients with cancer(gastric/liver/colorectal:460/480/787)and 800 healthy controls were recruited.Genotyping of rs1137101 was conducted using a polymerase chain reactionrestriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)assay and confirmed using Sanger sequencing.Twenty-four eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis.Results After Bonferroni correction,the case–control study revealed that rs1137101 was significantly associated with the risk of liver cancer in the Hubei Chinese population.The meta-analysis suggested that rs1137101 is significantly associated with the risk of overall DS,gastric,and liver cancer in the Chinese population.Conclusion The LEPR rs1137101 variant may be a genetic biomarker for susceptibility to DS cancers(especially liver and gastric cancer)in the Chinese population.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82072662Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant Support,No.2019142+1 种基金Shanghai Three-year Action Plan to Promote Clinical Skills and Clinical Innovation in Municipal Hospitals,No.SHDC2020CR4022the 2021 Shanghai“Rising Stars of Medical Talent”Youth Development Program:Outstanding Youth Medical Talents.
文摘BACKGROUND Glycosylation,a commonly occurring post-translational modification,is highly expressed in several tumors,specifically in those of the digestive system,and plays a role in various cellular pathophysiological mechanisms.Although the importance and detection methods of glycosylation in digestive system tumors have garnered increasing attention in recent years,bibliometric analysis of this field remains scarce.The present study aims to identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.AIM To find and identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.METHODS We obtained relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection and employed VOSviewer 1.6.19 and CiteSpace(version 6.1.R6)to perform bibliometric analysis.RESULTS A total of 2042 documents spanning from 1978 to the present were analyzed,with the research process divided into three phases:the period of obscurity(1978-1990),continuous development period(1991-2006),and the rapid outbreak period(2007-2023).These documents were authored by researchers from 66 countries or regions,with the United States and China leading in terms of publication output.Reis Celso A had the highest number of publications,while Pinho SS was the most cited author.Co-occurrence analysis revealed the most popular keywords in this field are glycosylation,expression,cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Furthermore,the Journal of Proteome Research was the most prolific journal in terms of publications,while the Journal of Biological Chemistry had the most citations.CONCLUSION The bibliometric analysis shows current research focus is primarily on basic research in this field.However,future research should aim to utilize glycosylation as a target for treating tumor patients.
文摘Blastomas,characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal,epithelial,and undifferentiated blastematous components,are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast cells.This review focuses on digestive system blastomas in adult patients,including gastroblastoma,hepatoblastoma,and pancreatoblastoma.Gastroblastoma is a biphasic,epitheliomesenchymal tumor,with only sixteen cases reported to date.In addition to the characteristic histology,metastasisassociated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 gene fusion is typical,although recently novel ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1-c-terminal binding protein 1 and patched 1-glioma-associated oncogene homolog 2 fusions have been described.Hepatoblastoma is exceptionally rare in adults and can show a variety of histologic patterns which may cause diagnostic difficulty.Pancreatoblastoma,primarily a pediatric tumor,displays acinar differentiation and squamoid nests with other lines of differentiation also present,especially neuroendocrine.Diagnostic approaches for these blastomas include a combination of imaging modalities,histopathological examination,and molecular profiling.The treatment generally involves surgical resection,which may be supplemented by chemotherapy or radiotherapy in some cases.Prognoses vary with gastroblastoma generally showing favorable outcomes post-surgery whereas hepatoblastoma and pancreatoblastoma often have poorer outcomes,particularly in the setting of metastases.This review highlights the complexity of diagnosing and managing these rare adult blastomas as well as the need for ongoing research to better understand their pathogenesis and improve treatment strategies.
基金supported by the Medical-Engineering Cross Project between University of Shanghai for Science&Technology and Naval Medical University(No.2020-RZ05)Wu Mengchao talent plan fund(to RLG)。
文摘Background:There is scant evidence regarding the effects of exercise type and duration on quality of life(QoL)in digestive system cancer(DSC)survivors.We aim to investigate the optimal type and duration of exercise to improve QoL for DSC survivors through a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Methods:A systematic literature search of PubMed,Embase,and Web of Science was performed.Eligibility for study inclusion was limited to studies that were randomized controlled trials involving all kinds of exercise in adult patients with DSCs,and the comparator was in standard care or other types of exercise.The primary outcome was QoL,including general health,physical health,mental health,and role function.Secondary outcomes included cancer-related symptoms such as fatigue,insomnia,depression,anxiety,and duration of hospital stay.The network meta-analyses were performed using a random-effect model.Results:The analysis included 32 eligible articles and a total of 2558 participants.Our primary outcome indicated that short-term aerobic exercise significantly enhanced general health(standardized mean difference(SMD)=0.66,95%credible intervals(Crls):0.05 to 1.30),and also contributed to a better mental health(SMD=0.38,95%CrI:-0.05 to 0.81)and role function(SMD=0.48,95%CrI:-0.27 to 1.20).Although without significant changes,short-term resistance exercise tended to increase the physical health of patients with DSCs(SM=0.69,95%CrI:-0.07 to 1.50)and effective in alleviating fatigue(SMD=-0.77,95%CrI:-1.50 to 0.01).Short-term aerobic exercise was related to a lower score of insomnia(SMD=-1.20,95%CrI:-2.40 to 0.06),depression(SMD=-0.51,95%CrI:-1.50 to 0.45),and anxiety(SMD=-0.45,95%CrI:-1.30 to 0.34).All types of exercise related to a trend of declined hospital stays(-0.87 to-5.00 day).Long-term resistance exercise,however,was negatively associated with general health(SMD=-0.33,95%CrI:-1.70 to 1.00),physical health(SMD=-0.18,95%CrI:-1.30to 0.90),and role function(SMD=-1.20,95%CrI:-2.50 to 0.11).Conclusion:This study suggests that short-term aerobic exercise,with or without resistance exercise programs,enhances QoL(especially for general health)as well as relieves cancer-related symptoms for DSC survivors,while long-term resistance exercise may have negative effects,and thus should be adopted cautiously.These results provide important evidence for the management of DSCs.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82272396Suzhou Medical and Health Science and Technology Innovation Project,No.SKY2022057The Youth Medical Talent of Jiangsu Province,No.QNRC2016475.
文摘Many digestive system malignant tumors are characterized by high incidence and mortality rate.Increasing evidence has revealed that the tumor microenvironment(TME)is involved in cancer initiation and tumor progression.Tumor-associated macrophages(TAMs)are a predominant constituent of the TME,and participate in the regulation of various biological behaviors and influence the prognosis of digestive system cancer.TAMs can be mainly classified into the antitumor M1 phenotype and protumor M2 phenotype.The latter especially are crucial drivers of tumor invasion,growth,angiogenesis,metastasis,immunosuppression,and resistance to therapy.TAMs are of importance in the occurrence,development,diagnosis,prognosis,and treatment of common digestive system malignant tumors.In this review,we summarize the role of TAMs in common digestive system malignant tumors,including esophageal,gastric,colorectal,pancreatic and liver cancers.How TAMs promote the development of tumors,and how they act as potential therapeutic targets and their clinical applications are also described.
基金Supported by the Open Project Fund of Henan International Joint Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Pediatric Diseases,No.SS202204.
文摘Chronic inflammation,through a variety of mechanisms,plays a key role in the occurrence and development of digestive system malignant tumors(DSMTs).In this study,we feature and provide a comprehensive understanding of DSMT prevention strategies based on preventing or controlling chronic inflammation.The development and evaluation of cancer prevention strategies is a longstanding process.Cancer prevention,especially in the early stage of life,should be emphasized throughout the whole life course.Issues such as the time interval for colon cancer screening,the development of direct-acting antiviral drugs for liver cancer,and the Helicobacter pylori vaccine all need to be explored in long-term,large-scale experiments in the future.
文摘Digestive system cancers are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide.Cancer patients are more likely to commit suicide.The objective of this scoping review is to provide a comprehensive and updated summary of the existing literature on suicide among patients with digestive system cancers to identify the incidence and risk factors relevant to suicide in these populations.The PRISMA-Scr(Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension protocol for scoping reviews)protocol was used.The review was based on relevant articles published prior to January 2022 in databases of Web of Science and PubMed.The authors identified 21 records that met the criteria for inclusion.Among the 21 articles,18(n=85.7%)reported suicide risk factors,21(n=100%)evaluated the incidence of suicide and 16(n=76.2%)involved the variation in suicide rates.Only one study comprehensively reported that the suicide rate for this population was 32.8 per 100,000 years and the standardized mortality ratio(SMR)was 1.91.Most suicides occurred in patients with pancreatic,esophageal,and gastric cancers.The factors associated with suicide in digestive system cancers included male gender,older age,the white race,single status,advanced stage of disease,and cancer metastasis.The most critical time for suicide was in the early post-diagnostic period.It is indispensable to identify suicide in these cancer patients,especially those with high-risk factors.In the future,more prospective research may be needed to provide more reliable support and care to prevent suicide.
文摘Inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type II(INPP4B)is a newly discovered PI(3,4,5)P3 phosphatase.Many studies have revealed that INPP4B is upregulated or downregulated in tumors of the digestive system,and the abnormal expression of INPP4B may be attributed to the occurrence,development,and prognosis of tumors of the digestive system.This paper reviews studies on the correlations between INPP4B and digestive system tumors and the roles of INPP4B in the development of different tumors to provide a theoretical basis for further research on its molecular mechanism and clinical application."INPP4B"and"tumor"were searched as key words in PubMed and in the CNKI series full text database retrieval system from January 2000 to August 2023.A total of 153 Englishlanguage studies and 30 Chinese-language studies were retrieved.The following enrollment criteria were applied:(1)Studies contained information on the biological structure and functions of INPP4B;(2)studies covered the influence of abnormal expression of INPP4B in digestive system tumors;and(3)studies covered the role of INPP4B in the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of digestive system tumors.After excluding the literature irrelevant to this study,61 papers were finally included in the analysis.INPP4B expression is low in gastric cancer,colon cancer,pancreatic cancer,and liver cancer but it has high expression in esophageal cancer,colon cancer,pancreatic cancer,and gallbladder cancer.INPP4B is involved in the occurrence and development of digestive system tumors through the regulation of gene expression and signal transduction.The abnormal expression of INPP4B plays an important role in the development of digestive system tumors.Studies on INPP4B provide new molecular insights for the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis evaluation of digestive system tumors.
文摘Sijunzi Decoction,as one of the classic Chinese traditional prescriptions,has been used clinically by major physicians since the Song Dynasty.This article reviewed and sorted out the literature on the effective chemistry of Sijunzi Decoction and the mechanism of its prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases.At present,its effective chemical components are derived from the saponins and flavonoids in ginseng and licorice,and are effective for gastrointestinal mucosal injury diseases and malignant digestive system.Digestive system diseases such as tumors,functional gastrointestinal diseases,non-alcoholic fatty liver,acute liver injury,and liver failure show a multi-path,multi-target effect mechanism.This article reviews the effective chemical components and research of Sijunzi Decoction and the related mechanisms of prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases,and provides valuable clues for the follow-up research of Sijunzi Decoction.
文摘With the “boom” of AI, researchers have made significant progress in assisting clinical disease diagnosis, prediction, and treatment. This article provides an overview of models built using both traditional machine learning methods and deep learning methods, as well as research progress on robotics in digestive system diseases, aiming to provide references for further studies. An application has been developed by domestic and foreign scholars that allows users to upload images of stool samples, which are then analyzed using big data to provide a score for bowel preparation, thereby improving the quality of bowel preparation. In some gastrointestinal diseases, such as Hp infection, Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal cancer, chronic atrophic gastritis and gastric cancer, IBD, etc., artificial intelligence possesses diagnostic capabilities comparable to those of professional endoscopists, and some applications can achieve real-time diagnosis. In the field of liver, gallbladder, and pancreatic diseases, artificial intelligence can assist in preoperative diagnosis using imaging or pathology, and robotic remote operations can be performed during surgery, predicting postoperative risk levels, and more. Different scholars have compared and analyzed various algorithm networks for different diseases to find the best-performing models. On this basis, methods such as the MCA attention mechanism, feature selection, gradient descent, and ensemble models can be introduced to further improve the diagnostic performance of the models. In the future, AI can not only help patients self-manage single or multiple diseases, monitor and manage their own diseases in a standardized and reasonable manner, but also predict and treat digestive system diseases at the genetic level.
基金from any funding agency in the public,commercial,or not-for-profit sectors.
文摘The highest morbidity and mortality in the world are attributed to digestive system tumors,such as stomach cancer,liver cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Exploring potential biomarkers is a crucial direction of tumor research.We use bioinformatics methods to explore potential biomarkers of the digestive system.Mining and analyzing data from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA),Kaplan-Meier,cBioPortal,and Metabolic gEne RApid Visualizer(MERAV)to explore the correlation between IGF2BP(insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein)family expression and immune infiltration in digestive system tumors,and further probe the prognostic value of IGF2BP family in digestive system tumors.Esophageal cancer tissues showed a significantly higher expression of IGF2BP2 than normal tissues,while IGF2BP3 was notably more expressed in esophageal cancer,pancreatic cancer,and stomach cancer.In the prognosis evaluation,the IGF2BP1 gene in patients with liver cancer and the IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 genes in patients with stomach cancer and liver cancer of the low gene expression level groups were better.Multivariate COX regression analysis further suggested that tumor stage,CD8 positive T cells,macrophages,dendritic cell infiltration,and IGF2BP3 expression were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with stem cell liver cancer.The IGF2BP family may be a potential marker for immunotherapy and the prognosis of digestive system tumors.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001646)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190906)+2 种基金Jiangsu Yangzhou Key Research and Development Program(SSF2018000008)Jiangsu Provincial Entrepreneurial and Innovation Phd ProgramYangzhou Lvyangjinfeng Talent Program。
文摘Starch digestion rate and location in the gastrointestinal tract(GIT)are critical for human health.This review aims to present a comprehensive summary on our current understanding of physiological,biochemical,anatomical and geometrical factors of human digestive system that are related to in vivo starch digestibility.It is shown that all digestive compartments including mouth,stomach,small intestine,and large intestine play critical roles in regulating the overall starch digestion process.A proper investigation of starch digestion pattern should thus be based on the consideration of all these compartments.Main biological factors are summarized as oral mastication and salivation,gastric emptying and motility,small intestinal enzymes and motility,large intestinal resistant starch(RS)-microbiota interactions and gut-brain feedback control,as well as glucose adsorption and hormonal feedback control.However,connections among these biological factors in determining starch digestive behaviors remain elusive.This is due to the inherent complexity of human GIT anatomy,motility and biochemical conditions,as well as ethical,financial and technical issues in conducting clinical studies.Much technological and scientific efforts from both clinical studies and in vitro simulation models are required for a better understanding of in vivo starch digestion behaviors.
基金sponsored by National Key Research and Development Plan(No.2017YFC0107300 and No.2017YFC0107303)
文摘Objective: To explore the safety of ultrasound and microbubbles for enhancing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of malignant tumors in the digestive system in a clinical trial, as well as its efficacy.Methods: From October 2014 to June 2016, twelve patients volunteered to participate in this study. Eleven patients had hepatic metastases from tumors of the digestive system, and one patient had pancreatic carcinoma. According to the mechanical index (MI) in the ultrasound field, patients were classified into four groups with MIs of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0. Within half an hour after chemotherapy, patients underwent ultrasound scanning with ultrasound microbubbles (SonoVue) to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. All adverse reactions were recorded and were classified in 4 grades according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 (CTCAE V4.03). Tumor responses were evaluated by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 criteria. All the patients were followed up until progression.Results: All the adverse reactions recorded were level 1 or level 2. No local pain occurred in any of the patients. Among all the adverse reactions, fever might be related to the treatment with ultrasound combined with microbubbles. Six patients had stable disease (SD), and one patient had a partial response (PR) after the first cycle of treatment. At the end of follow-up, tumor progression was restricted to the original sites, and no new lesions had appeared.Conclusions: Our preliminary data showed the potential role of a combined treatment with ultrasound and microbubbles in enhancing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of malignant tumors of the digestive system. This technique is safe when the MI is no greater than 1.0.
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is caused by infection of the coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)with typical respiratory symptoms.SARS-CoV-2 invades not only the respiratory system,but also other organs expressing the cell surface receptor angiotensin converting enzyme 2.In particular,the digestive system is a susceptible target of SARS-CoV-2.Gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19 include anorexia,nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,abdominal pain,and liver damage.Patients with digestive damage have a greater chance of progressing to severe or critical illness,a poorer prognosis,and a higher risk of death.This paper aims to summarize the digestive system symptoms of COVID-19 and discuss fecal-oral contagion of SARS-CoV-2.It also describes the characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease patients with SARSCoV-2 infection and discusses precautions for preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection during gastrointestinal endoscopy procedures.Improved attention to digestive system abnormalities and gastrointestinal symptoms of COVID-19 patients may aid health care providers in the process of clinical diagnosis,treatment,and epidemic prevention and control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81902904, 82073411, 81830054, and 81988101)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019M661373)
文摘Cancers of the digestive system(DS),including esophageal,gastric,colorectal,liver,and pancreatic can-cers,have a high incidence and mortality worldwide.Current cancer models cannot faithfully recapitu-late the critical features of the original tumor,resulting in the failure of translation from basic research into clinical practice.More advanced cancer models are in urgent need of pathogenesis exploration and anticancer medicine development.Organoids are in vitro cultured three dimensional(3D)self-organizing organotypic structures derived from tissues and pluripotent stem cells,which faithfully mimic the histological features and preserve the genetic heterogeneity of the original tissues.Both normal and malignant organoids can now be efficiently established from the DS tissues of patients.In this review,we summarize the general methods to generate human DS organoids and their applications as a novel model in basic cancer research,preclinical medical practice,and precision medicine.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.81072356)
文摘Objective: Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) participates in the initial recognition of DNA damage during nucleotide excision repair process in global genomic repair. Our meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association between three polymorphisms (Lys939Gln, PAT+/- and Ala499Val) of XPC gene and risk of digestive system cancers. Methods: All the relevant case-control studies published to April 2011 were identified through searching PubMed. Digestive system cancer risk with the three polymorphisms was estimated for each study by odds ratio (OR) with its 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: We found an increased overall risk for digestive system cancers in all three models of Lys939Gln AC (AC/CC vs. AA: OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.11-1.30; CC vs. AC/AA: OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.11-1.39; CC vs. AA: OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.21-1.53). When strati?ed by ethnicity, results remained significant in Asian population (AC/CC vs. AA: OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.02-1.37; CC vs. AC/AA: OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.1-1.51; CC vs. AA: OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.08-1.70), but not for Caucasians. However for Ala499Val CT, a significant protective effect of T allele was only observed in the dominant model. Otherwise, no significant results were observed for PAT+/-. Conclusion: XPC Lys939Gln AC polymorphism may play an important role in digestive system cancer susceptibility.
文摘Four adult Hedgehogs (Erinaceus euopaeus) (two males and two females) captured from field were used in this test. The samples were quickly taken after killing, and fixed with 10% neutral HCHO. Paraffin sections were done along with HE dying. The results showed that their oesophagus were composed of stratified squamous epithelium, with light monkeiatinized shallow cell and well developed oesophageal glands. There are circular wrinkled wall and intestinal villus on the mucosa of the small intestine with developed small intestinal glands, long and thick intestinal villi in the duodenum, where exists Paneth cell on the basis of intestinal glands. It has isolated lymph nodule in the proper layer of the intestinum jejunum, as well as assemble lymph nodule in the proper layer of mucosa of the ileum. The number of lymph nodule in large intestine increases as compared with others, in which there is longitudinal wrinkled wall, but no intestinal villi. More developed large intestinal glands can be seen, where the cup cell rises gradually from forward to backward along intestinal system. In addition, there is no very clear boundary among liver lobule because the connective tissue among it is not developed well, and so does pancreas.
基金Supported by Key Projects of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation,No.19JCZDJC36100General Project of Natural Science Fund of Tianjin Education Commission,No.2018KJ047+1 种基金Subject in the Third Affiliated Central Hospital of Nankai University,No.2017YNY3Tianjin Key Special Projects,No.15KG115。
文摘Chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 7(CXCR7),recently termed ACKR3,belongs to the G protein-coupled cell surface receptor family,binds to stromal cellderived factor-1[SDF-1,or chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 12]or chemokine(CX-C motif)ligand 11,and is the most common chemokine receptor expressed in a variety of cancer cells.SDF-1 binds to its receptor chemokine(C-X-C motif)receptor 4(CXCR4)and regulates cell proliferation,survival,angiogenesis and migration.In recent years,another new receptor for SDF-1,CXCR7,has been discovered,and CXCR7 has also been found to be expressed in a variety of tumor cells and tumor-related vascular endothelial cells.Many studies have shown that CXCR7 can promote the growth and metastasis of a variety of malignant tumor cells.Unlike CXCR4,CXCR7 exhibits a slight modification in the DRYLAIV motif and does not induce intracellular Ca^2+release following ligand binding,which is essential for recruiting and activating G proteins.CXCR7 is generally thought to work in three ways:(1)Recruitingβ-arrestin 2;(2)Heterodimerizing with CXCR4;and(3)Acting as a“scavenger”of SDF-1,thus lowering the level of SDF-1 to weaken the activity of CXCR4.In the present review,the expression and role of CXCR7,as well as its prognosis in cancers of the digestive system,were investigated.
基金Beijing Municipal Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Project(No.2019-ZX-005)。
文摘Objective:Based on the data mining method,explore the medication rules of Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of digestive system tumors.Method:Based on the"Chinese Traditional Medicine Prescription Database"in https://db.yaozh.com/,collect Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of digestive system tumors,establish an Excel table,and use the ancient and modern medical case cloud platform(V2.2.1)to perform frequency statistics,association rules,and drugs on the data Clustering and complex network analysis.Results:A total of 36 Chinese patent medicines for the treatment of digestive system tumors were screened.The medicinal properties were mainly warm and cold,the taste was bitter and sweet,and the meridians were mainly liver and spleen meridians.High frequency Chinese medicine include Astragalus,Scutellaria-barbata,Ginseng,Curcuma,Triangle,Atractylodes,Hedyotis diffusa,etc.Correlation analysis obtained 17 drug combinations,High-frequency drug pairs include Scutellaria-barbata-Astragalus,Ginseng-Astragalus,Curcuma-Astragalus,Scutellaria-barbata-Curcuma,etc.Cluster analysis found 3 types of drugs.The core drug network is composed of 27 drugs,and the core compatibility network consists of 3 groups of drugs.Conclusion:The Chinese patent compound medicine for the treatment of digestive system tumors has the characteristics of combining cold and warming,replenishing and reducing treatment,and treating the liver and spleen at the same time.The medicine is mainly used to replenish qi and invigorate the spleen,promote blood circulation and remove blood stasis,and clear away heat and detoxification.Replenish qi,nourish yin,invigorate blood,and detoxify are mainly compatible with each other,reflecting the pathogenesis characteristics of"deficiency,stasis,and toxin"in digestive system tumors.Data mining can provide references for the prescription and compatibility of Chinese patent medicines.
文摘The digestive system of Cymatium pileare consists of buccal cavity, oesophagus, stom- ach, intestine, anus, salivary glands and liver. There is a contractible 'Argobuccinum' form proboscis in the anterior extremity of its body, and the buccal cavity lies in the anterior part of the proboscis, with a pair of jaws and a piece of radular ribbon. The jaws have many neatly arraned sickle- shaped sharpen denticles. Its dentition formula of radula is 2- (7) 1' (5-6) I (5-6) .1 (7) .2. In the middle of oesophagus, there is an expanded crop, which has the function of temporary food stor- age and preliminarily digesting food. The stomach is U-shaped and there are 2 entrances for liver ducts in its ventral side. The intestine is short and can be divided into 2 parts based on the structure of epithelia of their inner walls. The inner wall of foreintestine is stratified columnar epithelium, but the inner wall of hindintestine is pesudostratified columnar epithelium. The salivary gland of C. pileare is toxic gland and the toxin extracted from it plays a great role on its predation. The liver of C. pileare is compound tubuloacinar gland with mitochondrion, rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi comples and lysosome in its glandular cells.