Background: Knee range of motion is an essential outcome measure following total knee arthroplasty and it is important to measure this outcome with a simple and accurate tool. Measurement from digital photographs coul...Background: Knee range of motion is an essential outcome measure following total knee arthroplasty and it is important to measure this outcome with a simple and accurate tool. Measurement from digital photographs could provide a superior clinical alternative to the common goniometer as devices for capturing digital photographs are becoming more accessible, measurement accuracy is assisted with the associated software and images can be saved and stored for later reference. This ability to store images with measurements could be particularly useful in research involving knee range of motion. This study evaluated the validity and reliability of a simple photographic measurement technique to measure knee flexion and extension of patients following knee arthroplasty.Methods: Knee flexion and extension of 38 subjects who had undergone total knee arthroplasty were assessed at the one year post-operative review with the digital technique and a universal goniometer as the criterion reference. Digital measurements were repeated one month later by the first assessor (intra-tester reliability) and another independent assessor (inter-tester reliability).Results: Validity: the digital technique was found to have a high level of agreement with the universal goniometer measurements (all MAD sion with almost perfect Intra-Class Correlations (Intra-tester;flexion 0.99, extension 0.96;inter-tester;flexion 0.97, extension 0.93).Conclusion: Measurement of knee range of motion from digital photographs can be used in routine clinical total knee arthroplasty follow-up instead of, or interchangeably with the universal goniometer.展开更多
[ Objective] The aim of this study was to solve the problem of photographing small flowers and fruits with a common digital camera in field. [Method] Firstly, the photographic mode of a common digital camera was set ...[ Objective] The aim of this study was to solve the problem of photographing small flowers and fruits with a common digital camera in field. [Method] Firstly, the photographic mode of a common digital camera was set as ＂macro＂ （or ＂soft snap＂ ） and ＂flash off＂. Secondly, the small flower or fruit was magnified with a magnifying glass, and then the magnified flower or fruit was automatically focused with the digital camera lens. After automatic focusing, the shutter button was pressed and the photograph finished. [Result] With this method, the clear inflo- rescence or floral photographs of Eragrostis pilosa （ Gramineae ） , Bidens biternata （Compositae） and Tribulus terrester （Zygophllaceae） were obtained in field. [ Conclusion] The optical system of a digital camera has been changed by the magnifying glass, which improves the photographic function of a common digital camera to small flowers and fruits, and also easily gets their clear photographs.展开更多
[Objective] The research aimed to study a paraffin method without using the microtome,and also introduced an analysis method for optical information of the plant anatomical digital photographs.[Method] The plant mater...[Objective] The research aimed to study a paraffin method without using the microtome,and also introduced an analysis method for optical information of the plant anatomical digital photographs.[Method] The plant material softened or not was embedded in paraffin according to the paraffin method.Cut the thin paraffin sections from the paraffin block with a sharp two-sided blade under anatomical lens.The thin material sections rolled up when they were cut off.Took the section rolls to a slide,and then heated them to melt the paraffin section roll.When the paraffin melted,the sections of plant material were rolled out.After the common or simplified procedures of staining and mounting,the preparations were finished.When an anatomical digital photograph was processed,copy it into the word file and two copies of the original photograph were obtained.One copy was selected to make it to be a negative photograph,and then press the key ＂Press Screen＂ to copy the screen frame.After it was copied into the word file,cut of the unnecessary parts and other operations were carried out,then processed photograph was obtained.[Results] The anatomical preparation for research was gotten.The analyzed digital photograph of the leaf structure of Salix matsudana var.matsudana f.tortuosa has some a three-dimensional effect,and the different leaf structures and cells,e.g.cuticle,cell wall,protoplast,vein,etc.can be identified easily.[Conclusion]The paraffin method without using the microtome has advantages of low cost and higher efficiency,which could be applied by the beginner or in the time without a microtome to be used.The analysis of the plant anatomical digital photographs can acquire more structural information than the original digital photographs,which shows the potentiality and prospects of the optical information analysis of the microscopic imagery and its digital photograph.展开更多
From the pyramids of Giza to the tombs of Thebes at Luxor, the glorious ancient Egyptian history has produced remarkable architecture. Sadly, tourists, numbering nearly four million per year, have taken a heavy toll o...From the pyramids of Giza to the tombs of Thebes at Luxor, the glorious ancient Egyptian history has produced remarkable architecture. Sadly, tourists, numbering nearly four million per year, have taken a heavy toll on many of these ancient structures. Of particular concern are many of tombs located opposite Luxor on the western bank of the Nile. Digital reconstruction of these tombs has the potential of helping to document and preserve these important historical structures. Issues concernng new and unique problems involving the photographing and digital reconstruction of these tombs are addressed. Techniques for removing image distortions, recovering 3-D shapes and correcting for lighting imbalances are discussed. A complete reconstruction of the tomb of Sennediem is shown.展开更多
In the following work of research, we shall present the results of a study on forms of digital photographic socialization as carried out by the so-called ＂digital natives＂ in order to explore their competence in man...In the following work of research, we shall present the results of a study on forms of digital photographic socialization as carried out by the so-called ＂digital natives＂ in order to explore their competence in managing digital photographic output and cultural practices. This shall be done under the following categories of analysis： snapshot, organization, socialization, reception, privacy, and copyrights in digital photography. The study explores the forms of digital photography production, technical problems of photographic management and the final uses that digital photographers give to their photos in terms of web tools 2.0, mobile telephones and social networks. Digital photography technology, compact cameras, mobile phones with cameras, specialized websites in photography and the lnternet generate new forms of production and emerging styles of digital photographic socialization. The study is carried out using a defined sample of university students, those digital natives who create and use digital photography.展开更多
文摘Background: Knee range of motion is an essential outcome measure following total knee arthroplasty and it is important to measure this outcome with a simple and accurate tool. Measurement from digital photographs could provide a superior clinical alternative to the common goniometer as devices for capturing digital photographs are becoming more accessible, measurement accuracy is assisted with the associated software and images can be saved and stored for later reference. This ability to store images with measurements could be particularly useful in research involving knee range of motion. This study evaluated the validity and reliability of a simple photographic measurement technique to measure knee flexion and extension of patients following knee arthroplasty.Methods: Knee flexion and extension of 38 subjects who had undergone total knee arthroplasty were assessed at the one year post-operative review with the digital technique and a universal goniometer as the criterion reference. Digital measurements were repeated one month later by the first assessor (intra-tester reliability) and another independent assessor (inter-tester reliability).Results: Validity: the digital technique was found to have a high level of agreement with the universal goniometer measurements (all MAD sion with almost perfect Intra-Class Correlations (Intra-tester;flexion 0.99, extension 0.96;inter-tester;flexion 0.97, extension 0.93).Conclusion: Measurement of knee range of motion from digital photographs can be used in routine clinical total knee arthroplasty follow-up instead of, or interchangeably with the universal goniometer.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation(30770124)~~
文摘[ Objective] The aim of this study was to solve the problem of photographing small flowers and fruits with a common digital camera in field. [Method] Firstly, the photographic mode of a common digital camera was set as ＂macro＂ （or ＂soft snap＂ ） and ＂flash off＂. Secondly, the small flower or fruit was magnified with a magnifying glass, and then the magnified flower or fruit was automatically focused with the digital camera lens. After automatic focusing, the shutter button was pressed and the photograph finished. [Result] With this method, the clear inflo- rescence or floral photographs of Eragrostis pilosa （ Gramineae ） , Bidens biternata （Compositae） and Tribulus terrester （Zygophllaceae） were obtained in field. [ Conclusion] The optical system of a digital camera has been changed by the magnifying glass, which improves the photographic function of a common digital camera to small flowers and fruits, and also easily gets their clear photographs.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30770124)~~
文摘[Objective] The research aimed to study a paraffin method without using the microtome,and also introduced an analysis method for optical information of the plant anatomical digital photographs.[Method] The plant material softened or not was embedded in paraffin according to the paraffin method.Cut the thin paraffin sections from the paraffin block with a sharp two-sided blade under anatomical lens.The thin material sections rolled up when they were cut off.Took the section rolls to a slide,and then heated them to melt the paraffin section roll.When the paraffin melted,the sections of plant material were rolled out.After the common or simplified procedures of staining and mounting,the preparations were finished.When an anatomical digital photograph was processed,copy it into the word file and two copies of the original photograph were obtained.One copy was selected to make it to be a negative photograph,and then press the key ＂Press Screen＂ to copy the screen frame.After it was copied into the word file,cut of the unnecessary parts and other operations were carried out,then processed photograph was obtained.[Results] The anatomical preparation for research was gotten.The analyzed digital photograph of the leaf structure of Salix matsudana var.matsudana f.tortuosa has some a three-dimensional effect,and the different leaf structures and cells,e.g.cuticle,cell wall,protoplast,vein,etc.can be identified easily.[Conclusion]The paraffin method without using the microtome has advantages of low cost and higher efficiency,which could be applied by the beginner or in the time without a microtome to be used.The analysis of the plant anatomical digital photographs can acquire more structural information than the original digital photographs,which shows the potentiality and prospects of the optical information analysis of the microscopic imagery and its digital photograph.
文摘From the pyramids of Giza to the tombs of Thebes at Luxor, the glorious ancient Egyptian history has produced remarkable architecture. Sadly, tourists, numbering nearly four million per year, have taken a heavy toll on many of these ancient structures. Of particular concern are many of tombs located opposite Luxor on the western bank of the Nile. Digital reconstruction of these tombs has the potential of helping to document and preserve these important historical structures. Issues concernng new and unique problems involving the photographing and digital reconstruction of these tombs are addressed. Techniques for removing image distortions, recovering 3-D shapes and correcting for lighting imbalances are discussed. A complete reconstruction of the tomb of Sennediem is shown.
文摘In the following work of research, we shall present the results of a study on forms of digital photographic socialization as carried out by the so-called ＂digital natives＂ in order to explore their competence in managing digital photographic output and cultural practices. This shall be done under the following categories of analysis： snapshot, organization, socialization, reception, privacy, and copyrights in digital photography. The study explores the forms of digital photography production, technical problems of photographic management and the final uses that digital photographers give to their photos in terms of web tools 2.0, mobile telephones and social networks. Digital photography technology, compact cameras, mobile phones with cameras, specialized websites in photography and the lnternet generate new forms of production and emerging styles of digital photographic socialization. The study is carried out using a defined sample of university students, those digital natives who create and use digital photography.
