File format for storage of scalable video

A file format for storage of scalable video is proposed. A generic model is presented to enable a codec independent description of scalable video stream. The relationships, especially the dependencies, among sub-streams in a scalable video stream are specified sufficiently and effectively in the proposed model. Complying with the presented scalable video stream model, the file format for scalable video is proposed based on ISO Base Media File Format, which is simple and flexible enough to address the demands of scalable video application as well as the non-scalable ones.

Development of OPTO-LDR coupled timer based voltage to frequency converter

This paper describes the development of a timer based voltage to frequency converter(V FC).Timer LM555is used in astable multivibrator mode with two OPTO-LDRs(light dependent resistors)in the circuitry.The frequency of timer output waveform which is measured using a digital storage oscillator(DSO)is almost linearly proportional to the applied input voltage.Hence we obtain a linear relationship between the frequency of timer output waveform and the input voltage.Because of its quasi-digital output,the main advantages of this developed converter are linear input-output relationship,small size,easy portabilityand high cost performance.In addition,the timer output waveform can be directly interfaced with personal computer or microprocessor/microcontroller for further processing of the input voltage signal without intervening any analog-to-digital converter(ADC).

A Method for Measuring LC Resonance Frequency by Impulse Response

LC circuit resonance frequency measurement often requires the use of professional analysis instruments such as LCR meters,vector network analyzers,but currently such instruments on the market are expensive,and it is difficult for non-professional institute personnel to access.Here comes unnecessary trouble.In view of this situation,a test method for measuring the resonance frequency using only a digital storage oscilloscope is proposed.Using the impulse signal to obtain the system response,the response waveform period can be observed through the oscilloscope.

Holographic storage scheme based on digital signal processing

In this paper, a holographic storage scheme for multimedia data storage and retrieval based on the digital signal processing (DSP) is designed. A communication model for holographic storage system is obtained on the analogy of traditional communication system. Many characteristics of holographic storage are embodied in the communication model. Then some new methods of DSP including two-dimensional (2-D) shifting interleaving, encoding and decoding of modulation-array (MA) code and method of soft-decision, etc. are proposed and employed in the system. From the results of experiments it can be seen that those measures can effectively reduce the influence of noise. A segment of multimedia data, including video and audio data, is retrieved successfully after holographic storage by using those techniques.

Simulation of an apodizer's effect for high-density optical storage

The effect of an apodizer with two parallel taper refractive surfaces is theoretically investigated for highdensity optical storage. The apodizer may modulate an incident Gaussian beam into an annular beam. Simulation shows that with the increasing inner radius of the modulated beam, the focal spot shrinks obviously. The depolarization effect gets strong simultaneously, which induces the circular symmetry loss of the focal spot. In this process, pattern density of the orthogonal and longitudinal diffractive fields increases remarkably.

Preface

Research on computer architecture and systems is typically driven by technologies and applications. Big data has emerged as an important application domain which has shown its huge impact on scientific research, business, and society. Big data is known for its large volume, high velocity, and a variety of formats. The collection, storage, retrieval, processing and visualization of big data issue many challenges to computer architecture and systems. On the other hand, new computer architecture and system technologies enable people to handle larger and more complex data more efficiently.

Design and performance of a video-based laser beam automatic alignment system

A laser alignment system is applied to a high power laser facility for inertial confinement fusion. A design of the automated, close-loop laser beam alignment system is described. Its function is to sense beam alignment errors in a laser beam transport system and automatically steer mirrors preceding the sensor location as required to maintain beam alignment. The laser beam is sampled by a sensor package, which uses video cameras to sense pointing and centering errors. The camera outputs are fed to a personal computer, which includes video digitizers and uses image storage and software to sense the centroid of the image. Signals are sent through the computer to a stepper motor controller, which drives stepper motors on mirror mounts preceding the beam sampling location to return the beam alignment to the prescribed condition. Its optical principles and key techniques are given. The pointing and centering sensitivities of the beam alignment sensor package are analyzed. The system has been verified on the

Real-time phase-shift ing techniques for determining the photoelastic parameters: a theoretical comparison

Among data acquisition techniques in digital photoelasticity, the integrated phase shifting technique (IPST) can real-time analyze the photoelastic parameters at a video rate of the high speed CCD camera. In this paper, fourteen algorithms are described by different configurations of the rotating an analyzer at a constant rate and an output quarter-wave plate at another constant rate. The theoretical comparisons of the algorithms are given by the simulated phase distributions of the isochromatic and isoclinic parameters of the disk under two cases that the load keeps unchangeable or linearly increasing in exposure time of the camera. Then a guideline is given to alleviate the influence of the load changing with time on the IPST.

Fast regularized image interpolation method

The regularized image interpolation method is widely used based on the vector interpolation model in which down-sampling matrix has very large dimension and needs large storage consumption and higher computation complexity. In this paper, a fast algorithm for image interpolation based on the tensor product of matrices is presented, which transforms the vector interpolation model to matrix form. The proposed algorithm can extremely reduce the storage requirement and time consumption. The simulation results verify their validity.

Robust color segmentation algorithms in illumination variation conditions

Changing illumination condition can change the result of image segmentation algorithm and reduce the intelligent recognition rate. A novel color image segmentation method robust to illumination variations is presented. The method is applied to the skin segmentation. Based on the hue preserving algorithm, the method reduces the dimensionality of the red-green-blue （RGB） space to one dimension, while keeping the hue of every pixel unchanging before and after space transformation. In the new color space, the skin color model is established using Gaussian model. Experimental results show that the method is robust to illumination variations, and has low computational complexity.

Sub-pixel processing algorithm of the reducing boundary recursive error in staring FPA micro-scanning imaging

By analyzing the error distribution rule of the boundary recursive reconstruction algorithm in controlled micro-scanning, a sub-pixel image processing algorithm is proposed to reduce the error. The gray statistical principle is used in the algorithm to optimize the error and acquire the sub-pixel image that approximates the originM image. The simulation result shows that the effect of this algorithm is better than the over- sample and simple boundary recursive algorithm （BRA）, and it results in a good effect both in those of visible light and infrared imaging systems. Therefore, the application of this algorithm will enhance the performance of optoelectronic imaging systems.

Improvements to the Control Techniques of Sequential Inference Machines——from Instructions to Hardware Organization

Nondeterminism of PROLOG execution requires that a block of control information or a choice point for each procedure call be stored when there are other candidate clauses to be used.When the currently selected clause fails,the bindings made by the clause must be undone and the stored choice point is reactivated,and then another clause of the candidate ones is chosen to run on it. Storing and reactivating choice points and undoing account for the great overhead are required to control PROLOG execution,which is quite different from conventional programs. This paper focuses on the techniques used in Sequential PROLOG Engine(SPE)to reduce the overhead of control operations.The control instructions of SPE store no more choice points than the necessary.Its architecture takes the approaches of analysing the potential parallelism in the con- trol operations and developing a fraction of it due to the cost-effect consideration.The results of executing two sample programs on SPE in the form of hand timings are presented,which favor the approach.