Self-Mixing Interference Effects in LD Pumped Multi-Mode Solid-State Laser

Based on the effective structure of the self-mixing interference effects,a general model for the self-mixing interference effects in the LD pumped solid-state laser has been established for the first time.The numerical simulation of the self-mixing interference signal has been done,the results show that when the external cavity length is integral times of 1/2,1/3,2/3,1/4,3/4 of the effective cavity length,the intensity of the self-mixing interference signals reach maximum in value.While that of single mode laser is integral times of half of the effective cavity length,the measuring precision of displacement of single mode laser is λ/2.A conclusion can be drawn from the above results that the measuring precision of displacement of multi-mode laser is higher than that of single mode laser.

Thermal Analysis of Blue Laser Diode for Solid State Lighting Application

Solid-state light sources based on laser diode are becoming great alternative for LEDs. Improvement of the thermal characteristics of InGaN LD is very important for realizing reliable devices. In this investigation the influence of the temperature of diode on light parameters was studied. White light was obtained by coupling blue light of diode with yellow phosphors: YAG:Ce3+ and GYAG:Ce3+ with nitride. For three values of the temperature of LD’s stem, regulated by Peltier module, CCT, CRI and chromaticity coordinates were measured by spectroradiometer. The importance of emission characteristics of materials was shown. Subsequently, the influence of temperature on laser diode intensity was investigated for 120 hours. This experiment was repeated for different levels of current and temperature. Finally, the steady state of thermal finite element analysis was performed to reveal the distribution of the temperature. The analysis showed the importance of heat sink and also temperature control.

Analytical modelling of end thermal coupling in a solid-state laser longitudinally bonded by a vertical-cavity top-emitting laser diode

The intrinsic features involving a circularly symmetric beam profile with low divergence,planar geometry as well as the increasingly enhanced power of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have made the VCSEL a promising pump source in direct end bonding to a solid-state laser medium to form the minimized,on-wafer integrated laser system.This scheme will generate a surface contact pump configuration and thus additional end thermal coupling to the laser medium through the joint interface of both materials,apart from pump beam heating.This paper analytically models temperature distributions in both VCSEL and the laser medium from the end thermal coupling regarding surface contact pump configuration using a top-emitting VCSEL as the pump source for the first time.The analytical solutions are derived by introducing relative temperature and mean temperature expressions.The results show that the end contact heating by the VCSEL could lead to considerable temperature variations associated with thermal phase shift and thermal lensing in the laser medium.However,if the central temperature of the interface is increased by less than 20 K,the end contact heating does not have a significant thermal influence on the laser medium.In this case,the thermal effect should be dominated by pump beam heating.This work provides useful analytical results for further analysis of hybrid thermal effects on those lasers pumped by a direct VCSEL bond.

High-power and high optical conversion efficiency diode-end-pumped laser with multi-segmented Nd：YAG/Nd：YVO-4

A novel flat-flat resonator consisting of two crystals(Nd:YAG + Nd:YVO_4) is established for power scaling in a diode-end-pumped solid-state laser. We systematically compare laser characteristics between multi-segmented(Nd:YAG + Nd:YVO_4) and conventional composite(Nd:YAG + Nd:YAG) crystals to demonstrate the feasibility of spectral line matching for output power scale-up in end-pumped lasers. A maximum continuous-wave output power of 79.2 W is reported at 1064 nm, with M_x^2= 4.82, M_y^2= 5.48, and a pumping power of 136 W in the multi-segmented crystals(Nd:YAG + Nd:YVO_4). Compared to conventional composite crystals(Nd:YAG + Nd:YAG), the optical-optical conversion efficiency of multi-segmented crystals(Nd:YAG + Nd:YVO4) from 808 nm to 1064 nm is enhanced from 30% to 58.8%,while the laser output sensitivity as affected by the diode-laser temperature is reduced from 55% to 9%.

Development and Research on All-solid-state Intracavity Sum-frequency laser

Generation of intracavity multi-wavelength and the basic principle of sum-frequency lasers are discused, and the current research status and development of laser diode pumped lasers are introduced in detail.

A tunable corner-pumped Nd:YAG/YAG composite slab CW laser

A corner-pumped Nd:YAG/YAG composite slab continuous-wave laser operating at 1064 nm,1074 nm,1112 nm,1116 nm,and 1123 nm simultaneously and a laser that is tunable at these wavelengths are reported for the first time.The maximum output power of the five-wavelength laser is 5.66 W with an optical-to-optical conversion efficiency of 11.3%.After a birefringent filter is inserted in the cavity,the five wavelengths can be separated successfully by rotating the filter.The maximum output powers of the 1064 nm,1074 nm,1112 nm,1116 nm,and 1123 nm lasers are 1.51 W,1.3 W,1.27 W,0.86 W,and 0.72 W,respectively.

LD Pumped High Efficient Intracavity Frequency-Doubled Green Laser

A laser diode (LD) pumped Q switched high efficient intracavity frequency doubled Nd ∶YAG laser is reported here. The authors have designed an optical coupler and pointed out that the key to increasing harmonic conversion efficiency is to decrease the loss of fundamental wave. In the experiments, a fundamental mode output laser was acquired. When the pumping power was 12 W, 2.6 W average output power at 1 064 nm with AO Q switch was obtained. 2.1 W average output power at 532 nm was obtained with intracavity frequency doubling, and the highest second harmonic conversion efficiency was 82 0 0.

Defining the optimal gradient doped Yb^(3+):YAG disk for room and low temperature diode pumped solid-state laser operations

We propose a general methodology to define the optimum doping ion volume distribution required for an efficient solid-state laser amplifier. This approach is illustrated in the context of two experimental diode pumped Yb:YAG amplifiers operating at 300 and 160 K. Processing of such tailored gain media is now possible through horizontal direct crystallization.

Overview of ytterbium based transparent ceramics for diode pumped high energy solid-state lasers

Development of high energy laser sources with nanosecond pulses at several hertz values for repetition rate has been very attractive in recent years due to their great potential for practical applications. With the recent advancement in fabricating large size laser quality transparent ceramics, diode pumped solid-state laser generating pulse energy of 100 J at 10 Hz has been recently realized at HiLASE center using Yb:YAG ceramic with Cr:YAG cladding. This review discusses Yb based high energy lasers, specific laser geometries for efficient thermal management and the role of transparent ceramics in such diode pumped high-energy-class solid-state lasers around the world.

适用于弹道导弹激光引信的DPSSL研究

设计了一种激光二极管泵浦全固体激光器方案,采用Nd∶YVO4或Yb∶YAG作为工作介质,端面泵浦,Cr4+∶YAG被动调Q,三明治形式构造。所设计的激光器具有体积小、重量轻、高重频、高峰值功率、坚固耐用等优点,适合在弹道导弹激光引信系统中作为激光发射器应用。

准连续c切Er,Yb:YAl_(3)(BO_(3))_(4)激光器的偏振操控

通过构建谐振腔模型,分析了各向同性固体激光器中两个本征模式相干叠加后的光斑奇异特征。并且实验验证了在不使用任何特定的腔内光学偏振选择元件的情况下,在二极管泵浦的准连续c切Er,Yb:YAl_(3)(BO_(3))_(4)激光器中可以有效操控1.6μm输出激光的偏振态。实现了从部分偏振态转化成稳定的线偏振态,其线偏振方向为可切换的正交特殊情况,均具有21 dB的偏振消光比。同时通过光斑对比,验证了激光器的线偏振输出来源于两个正交本征模式的相干叠加。文中为c切Er,Yb:YAl_(3)(BO_(3))_(4)激光器线偏振光的直接输出与偏振态的调控提供了可靠的方案。

DPSSL二极管泵浦固体激光器研究进展

介绍了近几年来DPSSL的研究状况,对各种新出现的DPSSL做了简要综述.总结了激光二极管泵浦全固体激光器的新应用,为其将来的研究提供参考.

33 W quasi-continuous-wave narrow-band sodium D_(2a) laser by sum-frequency generation in LBO

We demonstrate an all-solid quasi-continuous-wave(QCW) narrow-band source tunable to sodium D2 aline at589.159 nm. The source is based on sum-frequency mixing between lasers at 1064 nm and 1319 nm in a LBO crystal.The 1064 nm and 1319 nm lasers are produced from two diode side-pumped Nd:YAG master oscillator power amplifier(MOPA) laser systems, respectively. A 33 W output of 589 nm laser is obtained with beam quality factor M2= 1.25,frequency stability better than ±0.2 GHz and linewidth less than 0.44 GHz. A prototype 589 nm laser system is assembled,and a sodium laser guided star has been successfully observed in the field test.

Quantitative analysis of C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr and Cu in low-alloy steel under ambient conditions via laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy

A diode-pumped solid-state laser(DPSSL) with a high energetic stability and long service life is applied to ablate the steel samples instead of traditional Nd:YAG laser pumped by a xenon lamp,and several factors, such as laser pulse energy, repetition rate and argon flow rate, that influence laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS) analytical performance are investigated in detail.Under the optimal experiment conditions, the relative standard deviations for C, Si, Mn, Ni, Cr and Cu are 3.3%–8.9%, 0.9%–2.8%, 1.2%–4.1%, 1.7%–3.0%, 1.1%–3.4% and 2.5%–8.5%,respectively, with the corresponding relative errors of 1.1%–7.9%, 1.0%–6.3%, 0.4%–3.9%,1.5%–6.3%, 1.2%–4.0% and 1.2%–6.4%. Compared with the results of the traditional spark discharge optical emission spectrometry technique, the analytical performance of LIBS is just a little inferior due to the less stable laser-induced plasma and smaller amount of ablated sample by the laser. However, the precision, detection limits and accuracy of LIBS obtained in our present work were sufficient to meet the requirements for process analysis. These technical performances of higher stability of output energy and longer service life for DPSSL, in comparison to the Q-switch laser pumped by xeon lamp, qualify it well for the real time online analysis for different industrial applications.

Judd-Ofelt analysis of spectra and experimental evaluation of laser performance of Tm^(3+) doped Lu_2SiO_5 crystal

This paper reports that the Tm3+ :Lu2SiO5 (Tm:LSO) crystal is grown by Czochralski technique. The roomtemperature absorption spectra of Tm:LSO crystal are measured on a b-cut sample with 4 at.% thulium. According to the obtained Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters Ω2 =9.3155×10-20 cm 2 , Ω4 =8.4103×10 -20 cm 2 , Ω6 =1.5908×10 -20 cm 2 , the fluorescence lifetime is calculated to be 2.03 ms for 3 F 4 → 3 H 6 transition, and the integrated emission cross section is 5.81×10 -18 cm 2 . Room-temperature laser action near 2 μm under diode pumping is experimentally evaluated in Tm:LSO. An optical-optical conversion efficiency of 9.1% and a slope efficiency of 16.2% are obtained with continuouswave maximum output power of 0.67 W. The emission wavelengths of Tm:LSO laser are centred around 2.06 μm with spectral bandwidth of ～13.6 nm.

Development and Demonstration of Australian First Working Sodium Guide Star Laser

The Australian first working sodium guide star laser system has been designed and developed for various astronomical and space-related applications. A completely diode-pumped pulsed system was developed initially followed by a largely fiber-based continuous wave (CW) system operating at 589 nm achieved through a unique wavelength conversion scheme by combining 1342 and 1050 nm through a sum frequency generation process. For the CW system, single-mode laser beams at both 1342 and 1050 nm are achieved from fiber-based seed oscillators and fiber amplifiers. The output power of ~25 W at 1342 nm is achieved from a single frequency fiber Raman amplifier. Output power up to 70 W at 1050 nm is achieved from a Yb-doped fiber pre-amplifier followed by a Yb-doped fiber power amplifier. For the sum frequency generation process, optimum focusing parameters are evaluated and determined. The CW system has generated more than 20 W output power at 589 nm, a circularly polarised beam with a good beam quality, spectral linewidth ≤ 2 MHz, and the laser output locked on the sodium D2 line at 589.159 nm. The system has been successfully demonstrated at EOS Space Research Centre, Mt Stromlo, Canberra, and become the Australian first working sodium guide star laser system.

Current Situation and Developing Trend of Optical Thin Films for DPSSL

A series of optical thin films for LD pumped all- solid- state laser are discussed. Because of the difference between the pumped wavelength and the output wavelength, various kinds of pumping ways, resonator structures and laser crystals, there are so many new kinds of optical thin films, including novel edge filters ,high reflection and an- tireflection coatings. The key problems in designing and coating are analyzed, and the researches carried out world- wide in this field are also given.

基于二极管泵浦固体激光器的便携式LIBS系统设计

为实现野外或工业现场等环境对钢材中微量元素V的便携化高精度检测,本文采用二极管泵浦固体激光器作为光源,设计搭建了便携式激光诱导击穿光谱系统。基于攀钢生铁标准样品(GSB03-2582-2010系列)中钒(V)437.92 nm谱线强度和信背比对系统进行参数优化,得出最佳脉冲能量为40 mJ,最佳延时时间为4μs。在最优条件下,采用定点打靶对样品中V元素进行定量分析,定标曲线拟合度决定系数分别为0.995,V元素绝对误差的平均值为0.014%,平均相对误差为6.062%。结果表明,采用小型高脉冲能量二极管泵浦固体激光器配合小型CCD阵列光谱仪搭建的便携式LIBS系统对元素进行快速检测,达到传统LIBS系统的精度水平。该研究为野外或工业现场环境作业场合下的元素快速检测提供了一种新的思路。

High duty cycle,highly efficient fiber coupled 940-nm pump module for high-energy solid-state lasers

Tailored diode laser single emitters with long(6 mm) resonators and wide(1.2 mm) emission apertures that operate with940 nm emission wavelength were assembled in novel edge-cooled vertically stacked arrays, and used to construct a compact and highly efficient fiber coupled pump source for Yb:YAG pulsed high-energy class solid-state lasers. The novel configuration is shown to allow repetition rates of 200 Hz at 1 ms pulse duration, at an output power of 130 W per single emitter. The emission of two stacked arrays was then optically combined to realize pump modules that deliver6 kW peak power(pulse energy 6 J) from a 1.9 mm core diameter fiber, with wall plug efficiency of 50%. This represents a significant improvement in terms of duty cycle and electro-optical efficiency over conventional sources. The pump module has been successfully tested at the Max Born Institute, Berlin during trials for pumping of disk lasers.