The experiments of large consumers direct power trading is conducting in china nationwide, and it’s important to the reform of electricity market. To compensated efficiencies in security correction of large consumers...The experiments of large consumers direct power trading is conducting in china nationwide, and it’s important to the reform of electricity market. To compensated efficiencies in security correction of large consumers direct power trading, a novel security correction method based on DC power transfer distribution factor was proposed. Using the presented method to comply security correction, all the transactions that satisfy the specific requirements of maximizing social welfare are able to enter security correction process, and when the power of transmission line is out of limit, this method avoid the transaction which causes this problem is abandoned directly by introducing supplement transactions. The simulation has shown that the proposed security correction method of large consumers direct power trading based on DC power transfer distribution factor is effective.展开更多
GaN (gallium nitride) buck-rectifier has been proposed to realize high power density ISOP (input series and output parallel)-IPOS (input parallel and output series) converter-based dc distribution system. The ul...GaN (gallium nitride) buck-rectifier has been proposed to realize high power density ISOP (input series and output parallel)-IPOS (input parallel and output series) converter-based dc distribution system. The ultra-low loss bi-directional switch can be developed by the GaN power device because of the low on-resistance, the high-speed switching behavior and its own device structure. The buck-rectifier using the GaN bi-directional switches has the potential to achieve higher power density than the commonly utilized boost-rectifier. Availability of the GaN-HEMT (high electron mobility transistor) for the buck rectifier has been verified taking the theoretical limit of the on-resistance and the switching loss energy into account. Design consideration for a high power density buck-rectifier has been also conducted and the application effect of the GaN bidirectional switches has been evaluated quantitatively. The ISOP-IPOS converter-based dc (direct current) distribution system takes full advantage of the buck-rectifier and the rectifier using GaN devices contributes to realizing higher power density dc distribution system.展开更多
Fault current suppression is the key technology to ensure the safe operation of the DC power distribution system. In order to realize the parameter collabora-tive configuration of the DC circuit breaker and the DC cur...Fault current suppression is the key technology to ensure the safe operation of the DC power distribution system. In order to realize the parameter collabora-tive configuration of the DC circuit breaker and the DC current limiter and improve the fault current suppression capability, the fault current suppression mechanism of the DC power distribution system is revealed based on the circuit model. Then, based on the mathematical model of the DC breaker, the characteristic parameters of DC breaking are extracted, and then the influence of different characteristic parameters on the breaking characteristics of fault current is studied. Finally, the mathematical model of the collaborative process between DC circuit breaker and DC current limiter is established. The charac-teristic parameters of fault current collaborative suppression are extracted. The coupling effects of different characteristic parameters on the fault current col-laborative suppression are studied. The principle of collaborative configuration of DC circuit breaker and DC current limiter is proposed, and the collaborative suppression ability of DC circuit breaker and DC current limiter to fault current is fully exploited to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the DC power distribution system.展开更多
进化类算法和内点法交替迭代的混合算法在求解含电压源换流器的高压直流输电(voltage source converter basedhigh voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流系统最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题时由于截断误差的影响和VSC-HVDC...进化类算法和内点法交替迭代的混合算法在求解含电压源换流器的高压直流输电(voltage source converter basedhigh voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流系统最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题时由于截断误差的影响和VSC-HVDC控制方式的限制,容易发生振荡,因此提出一种基于差分进化(differential evolution,DE)和原—对偶内点法(primal-dual interior point method,PDIPM)的统一混合迭代算法。算法的主要思想是以DE算法为框架,对离散变量进行优化,在DE算法的每一次迭代过程中,采用PDIPM对每个DE个体进行连续变量的优化和适应度评估。由于采用PDIPM进行DE种群适应度评估,无需设定VSC-HVDC的控制方式,因此提高了算法的全局寻优能力。多个算例结果表明,该混合算法数值稳定性高,寻优能力强,能很好地解决含两端、多端、多馈入VSC-HVDC的交直流系统最优潮流问题。展开更多
建立了含柔性直流输电(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流混合发输电系统的可靠性分析模型,该模型既考虑了VSC-HVDC的稳态功率特性,还计及了发输电网络的故障率和输电线路的有功限制,采用...建立了含柔性直流输电(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流混合发输电系统的可靠性分析模型,该模型既考虑了VSC-HVDC的稳态功率特性,还计及了发输电网络的故障率和输电线路的有功限制,采用非序惯蒙特卡罗仿真实现;在满足系统安全约束的前提条件下,对系统进行模拟调度,重点评价了与发输电网络连接的VSC-HVDC对电网可靠性的影响,给出系统和节点的风险指标,为VSC-HVDC规划和运行提供参考依据,最后算例分析证明了该算法的可行性和合理性。展开更多
基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电VSC-HVDC(voltage source converter based high voltage directcurren)t的引入使得潮流计算的变量增加,提高了潮流编程的复杂度。文中在含VSC-HVDC交直流系统的潮流算法基础上,结合自动微分AD(automatic...基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电VSC-HVDC(voltage source converter based high voltage directcurren)t的引入使得潮流计算的变量增加,提高了潮流编程的复杂度。文中在含VSC-HVDC交直流系统的潮流算法基础上,结合自动微分AD(automatic differentiation)技术讨论了一种应用AD技术的交直流系统潮流计算方法。该算法利用AD自动生成潮流方程的雅克比矩阵,与传统的手工推导微分解析表达式再编写相应的微分代码方法相比,减少了手写代码量,显著提高了程序的开发效率。结合多个IEEE标准算例进行了仿真,分别对运行时间和收敛效果进行了比较,验证了算法的有效性。展开更多
首先介绍在远距离大容量输电场合,3种基于模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的高压直流输电(high voltage direct current,HVDC)拓扑及其处理直流故障的方法:基于半桥子模块(half bridge sub-module,HBSM)的HMMC-H...首先介绍在远距离大容量输电场合,3种基于模块化多电平换流器(modular multilevel converter,MMC)的高压直流输电(high voltage direct current,HVDC)拓扑及其处理直流故障的方法:基于半桥子模块(half bridge sub-module,HBSM)的HMMC-HVDC跳换流站交流侧断路器,基于箝位双子模块(clamp double sub-module,CDSM)的CMMCHVDC通过换流器控制实现直流侧故障自清除,以及基于电网换相换流器(line commutated converter,LCC)和MMC的混合拓扑在MMC直流出口处加装大功率二极管(LCC-D-MMC-HVDC)。然后,在由MMC-HVDC和交流线路构成的交直流并列简化系统中,基于等面积法则,对上述3种直流故障处理方法的暂态过程进行理论分析,并提出评价指标。最后通过仿真验证了分析结果。展开更多
对大规模交直流网络下的高压直流控制保护系统进行参数优化设计,是保证灵活交流输电系统暂态性和稳定性良好的重要手段。目前由于实时仿真技术的网络节点受限、费用高等缺点,使其不适合此规模网络的试验和设计任务。文中基于ABB公司高...对大规模交直流网络下的高压直流控制保护系统进行参数优化设计,是保证灵活交流输电系统暂态性和稳定性良好的重要手段。目前由于实时仿真技术的网络节点受限、费用高等缺点,使其不适合此规模网络的试验和设计任务。文中基于ABB公司高压直流控制保护系统硬件结构特点和MACH2(modular advanced control for HVDC and SVC)系统运作机理,提出了等价实时离线仿真的实现原理和方法,使离线仿真达到实时仿真的效果;通过与实际工控机运行结果进行比对,验证了其有效性;同时对工程用高压直流控制中的电流控制功能进行了等价实时仿真。仿真结果分析表明,基于所提出的等价实时仿真原理和方法,利用商业通用的离线仿真软件,可高效地进行高压直流控制保护系统优化设计。展开更多
直流潮流控制器是解决环网式直流配电网的线路潮流不完全可控的有效技术手段。然而,现有方法未能充分发掘其在故障限流中的潜力。该文建立了三有源桥串并联潮流控制器(triple active bridge power flow controller,TAB-PFC)的故障模量...直流潮流控制器是解决环网式直流配电网的线路潮流不完全可控的有效技术手段。然而,现有方法未能充分发掘其在故障限流中的潜力。该文建立了三有源桥串并联潮流控制器(triple active bridge power flow controller,TAB-PFC)的故障模量分析模型,提出一种基于TAB-PFC的双极直流配电网主动限流策略。首先阐述了TAB-PFC的限流原理,提出基于TAB-PFC的主动限流控制策略。然后对TAB-PFC不同故障阶段进行建模,并计及极间互感构建含TAB-PFC的双极直流配电网故障模量等效模型。在此基础上,分析不同参数对TAB-PFC的限流能力的影响,为其参数选取提供依据。在MATLAB/Simulink搭建了含TAB-PFC的双极直流配电网模型,验证了所提主动限流策略的有效性及故障等效电路模型和参数分析的正确性。展开更多
电网中的不同电力公司所管辖子系统具有相互独立且互联的特点,各子系统之间的互联给电网的分布式计算带来一定挑战,如何实现大系统的分布式计算备受关注。提出基于交替方向乘子法(alternating directionmethod of multipliers,ADMM)的...电网中的不同电力公司所管辖子系统具有相互独立且互联的特点,各子系统之间的互联给电网的分布式计算带来一定挑战,如何实现大系统的分布式计算备受关注。提出基于交替方向乘子法(alternating directionmethod of multipliers,ADMM)的含风电场系统分布式直流最优潮流(direct current optimal power flow,DC-OPF)计算模型,该模型考虑风电并网对系统分布式DC-OPF的影响,采用分解协调法实现系统的分区过程,通过引入全局变量处理边界节点问题,在信息传递过程中无需中心处理系统,只在相邻子区域之间进行复制边界节点的信息传递以减少信息通信量,实现系统的全分布式DC-OPF计算。以6节点系统、IEEE-39节点系统分析全局变量的个数对迭代收敛的影响,并讨论风电并网对优化收敛的影响,最后通过仿真验证该文所提模型的准确性和有效性。展开更多
对于风电和特高压直流(ultra-high voltage direct current,UHVDC)可靠性建模,已有很多独立研究。但针对含风电AC/UHVDC电力系统,同时考虑双馈异步风力发电机(doubly-fed induction generator,DFIG)结构、风电状态转移模型、交直流设备...对于风电和特高压直流(ultra-high voltage direct current,UHVDC)可靠性建模,已有很多独立研究。但针对含风电AC/UHVDC电力系统,同时考虑双馈异步风力发电机(doubly-fed induction generator,DFIG)结构、风电状态转移模型、交直流设备随机故障的研究不多,且往往基于简化DFIG结构和简化UHVDC可靠性模型。考虑上述因素,对系统进行可靠性评估和灵敏度分析。对DFIG多状态转移模型,从2种视角考虑风电出力与出力转移特性。引入直流功率调整以确定换流站控制方式。采用解析枚举、概率加权法,计算可靠性指标。提出可靠性指标对直流功率、DFIG有功出力灵敏度的解析表达。算例分析验证了所提算法的有效性和应用价值。展开更多
文摘The experiments of large consumers direct power trading is conducting in china nationwide, and it’s important to the reform of electricity market. To compensated efficiencies in security correction of large consumers direct power trading, a novel security correction method based on DC power transfer distribution factor was proposed. Using the presented method to comply security correction, all the transactions that satisfy the specific requirements of maximizing social welfare are able to enter security correction process, and when the power of transmission line is out of limit, this method avoid the transaction which causes this problem is abandoned directly by introducing supplement transactions. The simulation has shown that the proposed security correction method of large consumers direct power trading based on DC power transfer distribution factor is effective.
文摘GaN (gallium nitride) buck-rectifier has been proposed to realize high power density ISOP (input series and output parallel)-IPOS (input parallel and output series) converter-based dc distribution system. The ultra-low loss bi-directional switch can be developed by the GaN power device because of the low on-resistance, the high-speed switching behavior and its own device structure. The buck-rectifier using the GaN bi-directional switches has the potential to achieve higher power density than the commonly utilized boost-rectifier. Availability of the GaN-HEMT (high electron mobility transistor) for the buck rectifier has been verified taking the theoretical limit of the on-resistance and the switching loss energy into account. Design consideration for a high power density buck-rectifier has been also conducted and the application effect of the GaN bidirectional switches has been evaluated quantitatively. The ISOP-IPOS converter-based dc (direct current) distribution system takes full advantage of the buck-rectifier and the rectifier using GaN devices contributes to realizing higher power density dc distribution system.
文摘Fault current suppression is the key technology to ensure the safe operation of the DC power distribution system. In order to realize the parameter collabora-tive configuration of the DC circuit breaker and the DC current limiter and improve the fault current suppression capability, the fault current suppression mechanism of the DC power distribution system is revealed based on the circuit model. Then, based on the mathematical model of the DC breaker, the characteristic parameters of DC breaking are extracted, and then the influence of different characteristic parameters on the breaking characteristics of fault current is studied. Finally, the mathematical model of the collaborative process between DC circuit breaker and DC current limiter is established. The charac-teristic parameters of fault current collaborative suppression are extracted. The coupling effects of different characteristic parameters on the fault current col-laborative suppression are studied. The principle of collaborative configuration of DC circuit breaker and DC current limiter is proposed, and the collaborative suppression ability of DC circuit breaker and DC current limiter to fault current is fully exploited to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the DC power distribution system.
文摘进化类算法和内点法交替迭代的混合算法在求解含电压源换流器的高压直流输电(voltage source converter basedhigh voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流系统最优潮流(optimal power flow,OPF)问题时由于截断误差的影响和VSC-HVDC控制方式的限制,容易发生振荡,因此提出一种基于差分进化(differential evolution,DE)和原—对偶内点法(primal-dual interior point method,PDIPM)的统一混合迭代算法。算法的主要思想是以DE算法为框架,对离散变量进行优化,在DE算法的每一次迭代过程中,采用PDIPM对每个DE个体进行连续变量的优化和适应度评估。由于采用PDIPM进行DE种群适应度评估,无需设定VSC-HVDC的控制方式,因此提高了算法的全局寻优能力。多个算例结果表明,该混合算法数值稳定性高,寻优能力强,能很好地解决含两端、多端、多馈入VSC-HVDC的交直流系统最优潮流问题。
文摘建立了含柔性直流输电(voltage source converter based high voltage direct current,VSC-HVDC)的交直流混合发输电系统的可靠性分析模型,该模型既考虑了VSC-HVDC的稳态功率特性,还计及了发输电网络的故障率和输电线路的有功限制,采用非序惯蒙特卡罗仿真实现;在满足系统安全约束的前提条件下,对系统进行模拟调度,重点评价了与发输电网络连接的VSC-HVDC对电网可靠性的影响,给出系统和节点的风险指标,为VSC-HVDC规划和运行提供参考依据,最后算例分析证明了该算法的可行性和合理性。
文摘基于电压源换流器的高压直流输电VSC-HVDC(voltage source converter based high voltage directcurren)t的引入使得潮流计算的变量增加,提高了潮流编程的复杂度。文中在含VSC-HVDC交直流系统的潮流算法基础上,结合自动微分AD(automatic differentiation)技术讨论了一种应用AD技术的交直流系统潮流计算方法。该算法利用AD自动生成潮流方程的雅克比矩阵,与传统的手工推导微分解析表达式再编写相应的微分代码方法相比,减少了手写代码量,显著提高了程序的开发效率。结合多个IEEE标准算例进行了仿真,分别对运行时间和收敛效果进行了比较,验证了算法的有效性。
文摘对大规模交直流网络下的高压直流控制保护系统进行参数优化设计,是保证灵活交流输电系统暂态性和稳定性良好的重要手段。目前由于实时仿真技术的网络节点受限、费用高等缺点,使其不适合此规模网络的试验和设计任务。文中基于ABB公司高压直流控制保护系统硬件结构特点和MACH2(modular advanced control for HVDC and SVC)系统运作机理,提出了等价实时离线仿真的实现原理和方法,使离线仿真达到实时仿真的效果;通过与实际工控机运行结果进行比对,验证了其有效性;同时对工程用高压直流控制中的电流控制功能进行了等价实时仿真。仿真结果分析表明,基于所提出的等价实时仿真原理和方法,利用商业通用的离线仿真软件,可高效地进行高压直流控制保护系统优化设计。
文摘直流潮流控制器是解决环网式直流配电网的线路潮流不完全可控的有效技术手段。然而,现有方法未能充分发掘其在故障限流中的潜力。该文建立了三有源桥串并联潮流控制器(triple active bridge power flow controller,TAB-PFC)的故障模量分析模型,提出一种基于TAB-PFC的双极直流配电网主动限流策略。首先阐述了TAB-PFC的限流原理,提出基于TAB-PFC的主动限流控制策略。然后对TAB-PFC不同故障阶段进行建模,并计及极间互感构建含TAB-PFC的双极直流配电网故障模量等效模型。在此基础上,分析不同参数对TAB-PFC的限流能力的影响,为其参数选取提供依据。在MATLAB/Simulink搭建了含TAB-PFC的双极直流配电网模型,验证了所提主动限流策略的有效性及故障等效电路模型和参数分析的正确性。
文摘电网中的不同电力公司所管辖子系统具有相互独立且互联的特点,各子系统之间的互联给电网的分布式计算带来一定挑战,如何实现大系统的分布式计算备受关注。提出基于交替方向乘子法(alternating directionmethod of multipliers,ADMM)的含风电场系统分布式直流最优潮流(direct current optimal power flow,DC-OPF)计算模型,该模型考虑风电并网对系统分布式DC-OPF的影响,采用分解协调法实现系统的分区过程,通过引入全局变量处理边界节点问题,在信息传递过程中无需中心处理系统,只在相邻子区域之间进行复制边界节点的信息传递以减少信息通信量,实现系统的全分布式DC-OPF计算。以6节点系统、IEEE-39节点系统分析全局变量的个数对迭代收敛的影响,并讨论风电并网对优化收敛的影响,最后通过仿真验证该文所提模型的准确性和有效性。
文摘对于风电和特高压直流(ultra-high voltage direct current,UHVDC)可靠性建模,已有很多独立研究。但针对含风电AC/UHVDC电力系统,同时考虑双馈异步风力发电机(doubly-fed induction generator,DFIG)结构、风电状态转移模型、交直流设备随机故障的研究不多,且往往基于简化DFIG结构和简化UHVDC可靠性模型。考虑上述因素,对系统进行可靠性评估和灵敏度分析。对DFIG多状态转移模型,从2种视角考虑风电出力与出力转移特性。引入直流功率调整以确定换流站控制方式。采用解析枚举、概率加权法,计算可靠性指标。提出可靠性指标对直流功率、DFIG有功出力灵敏度的解析表达。算例分析验证了所提算法的有效性和应用价值。