Spectrum analysis of natural gamma ray spectral logging （SGR） data is a critical part of surface informa- tion processing systems. Due to the low resolution, which is an inherent weakness of SGR, and the low signal-...Spectrum analysis of natural gamma ray spectral logging （SGR） data is a critical part of surface informa- tion processing systems. Due to the low resolution, which is an inherent weakness of SGR, and the low signal-to-noise ratio problem of logging measurements, SGR is usually treated with a low confidence level. The Direct Demodulation （DD） method is an advanced technique to solve modulation equations interactively under physical constraints. It has higher sensitivity and spatial resolution than the traditional methods and can effectively suppress the logging noise. Based on standard count rate spectral data obtained from the China Offshore Oil Logging Company SGR Calibration Facility, this paper presents the application of the DD method to gamma-ray logging. The results are compared with four traditional algorithmic methods, showing that the DD method is a credible choice, with higher sensitivity and higher spatial resolution in gamma-ray log interpretation. The Point-Spread-Function of the Shengli Oil Logging Company＇s natural gamma ray spectroscopy instrument is obtained for the first time. The quantities of various radionuclides in their calibration pits are also obtained. The DD method was applied successfully to gamma-ray logging, offering a new option for SGR logging algorithm selection.展开更多
The first step of phasing in any de novo protein structure determination using isomorphous replacement （IR） or anomalous scattering （AD） experiments is to find heavy atom positions. Traditionally, heavy atom posit...The first step of phasing in any de novo protein structure determination using isomorphous replacement （IR） or anomalous scattering （AD） experiments is to find heavy atom positions. Traditionally, heavy atom positions can be solved by inspecting the difference Patterson maps. Due to the weak signals in isomorphous or anomalous differences and the noisy background in the Patterson map, the search for heavy atoms may become difficult. Here, the direct demodulation （DD） method is applied to the difference Patterson maps to reduce the noisy backgrounds and sharpen the signal peaks. The real space Patterson search by using these optimized maps can locate the heavy atom positions more accurately. It is anticipated that the direct demodulation method can assist in heavy atom position determination and facilitate the de novo structure determination of proteins.展开更多
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(2013AA064702)National Major Special Well logging Company of Shengli Petroleum Administration Bureau of Sinopec Group(2011ZX05006-002)
文摘Spectrum analysis of natural gamma ray spectral logging （SGR） data is a critical part of surface informa- tion processing systems. Due to the low resolution, which is an inherent weakness of SGR, and the low signal-to-noise ratio problem of logging measurements, SGR is usually treated with a low confidence level. The Direct Demodulation （DD） method is an advanced technique to solve modulation equations interactively under physical constraints. It has higher sensitivity and spatial resolution than the traditional methods and can effectively suppress the logging noise. Based on standard count rate spectral data obtained from the China Offshore Oil Logging Company SGR Calibration Facility, this paper presents the application of the DD method to gamma-ray logging. The results are compared with four traditional algorithmic methods, showing that the DD method is a credible choice, with higher sensitivity and higher spatial resolution in gamma-ray log interpretation. The Point-Spread-Function of the Shengli Oil Logging Company＇s natural gamma ray spectroscopy instrument is obtained for the first time. The quantities of various radionuclides in their calibration pits are also obtained. The DD method was applied successfully to gamma-ray logging, offering a new option for SGR logging algorithm selection.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(10979005)National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB918600)
文摘The first step of phasing in any de novo protein structure determination using isomorphous replacement （IR） or anomalous scattering （AD） experiments is to find heavy atom positions. Traditionally, heavy atom positions can be solved by inspecting the difference Patterson maps. Due to the weak signals in isomorphous or anomalous differences and the noisy background in the Patterson map, the search for heavy atoms may become difficult. Here, the direct demodulation （DD） method is applied to the difference Patterson maps to reduce the noisy backgrounds and sharpen the signal peaks. The real space Patterson search by using these optimized maps can locate the heavy atom positions more accurately. It is anticipated that the direct demodulation method can assist in heavy atom position determination and facilitate the de novo structure determination of proteins.
