Direct Visual Internal Urethrotomy (DVIU) in the Management of Male Urethral Strictures. A Single Center Experience about 44 Patients

Introduction: Male urethral stricture is one of the oldest urological disorders. Many techniques have been proposed to treat them, including endoscopic internal urethrotomy (DVIU). Material and Methods: To evaluate the contribution of this technique in the treatment of urethra narrowing, a retrospective study on the records of patients with urethral stricture treated with endoscopic internal urethrotomy between January 2014 and December 2021 in the urology division of the Souro Sanou University Teaching Hospital. Results: A total of 44 male patients with urethral stricture were treated with this technique and 48 procedures were performed. The average age of the patients was 53.2 ± 18.2 years. The etiology of the stricture was dominated by iatrogenic, infectious, traumatic and idiopathic causes in 43.2% (n = 19), 27.3% (n = 12), 20.4 % (n = 9), and 9.1% (n = 4) respectively. The location of the stricture was bulbar in 72.7%, and the anterior penile urethra in 15.9%. The overall success rate was 72.7% with satisfactory urination without dysuria, evaluated after removal of the urinary catheter, at three months this rate fell to 69.1%, and at 6 months this rate was 67.5%. Five cases (5) of extravasation of blood or irrigation fluid into the scrotum were reported and managed conservatively as well as two (2) cases of false routes with postoperative oedema of the penis were observed. Conclusion: DVIU is a simple technique, free of major morbidity and requiring only short-term hospitalization. It can be proposed as a first-line treatment for urethral stricture.

Investigation of risk factors in the development of recurrent urethral stricture after internal urethrotomy

BACKGROUND Urethral stricture is a condition that often develops with trauma and results in narrowing of the urethral lumen.Although endoscopic methods are mostly used in its treatment,it has high recurrence rates.Therefore,open urethroplasty is recommended after unsuccessful endoscopic treatments.AIM To investigate the risk factors associated with urethral stricture recurrence.METHODS The data of male patients who underwent internal urethrotomy for urethral stricture between January 2017 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.Demographic data,comorbidities,preoperative haemogram,and biochemical values obtained from peripheral blood and operative data were recorded.Patients were divided into two groups in terms of recurrence development;recurrence and non-recurrence.Initially recorded data were compared between the two groups.RESULTS A total of 303 patients were included in the study.The mean age of the patients was 66.6±13.6 years.The mean duration of recurrence development was 9.63±9.84(min-max:1-39)months in the recurrence group.Recurrence did not occur in non-recurrence group throughout the follow-up period with an average time of 44.15±24.07(min-max:12-84)months.In the comparison of both groups,the presence of diabetes mellitus(DM),hypertension(HT),and multiple comorbidi-ties were significantly higher in the recurrence(+)group(P=0.038,P=0.012,P=0.013).Blood group,postoperative use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs,preoperative cystostomy,cause of stricture,iatrogenic cause of stricture,location and length of stricture,indwelling urinary cathater size and day of catheter removal did not differ between the two groups.No statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of age,uroflowmetric maximum flow rate value,hemo-gram parameters,aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT),fasting blood sugar,creati-nine,glomerular filtration rate,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,platelet-lymphocyte ratio,lymphocyte-monocyte ratio,monocyte-lymphocyte ratio and AST/ALT ratios.CONCLUSION In patients with urethral stricture recurrence,only the frequency of DM and HT was high,while inflammation marker levels and stricture-related parameters were similar between the groups.

Interventional urethral balloon dilatation before endoscopic visual internal urethrotomy for post-traumatic bulbous urethral stricture:A case report

BACKGROUND While several treatment options are available for pediatric urethral strictures,the appropriate treatment must be based on several factors.Although endoscopic visual internal urethrotomy(EVIU)could be a first-line treatment option for short pediatric urethral strictures,it is not feasible if the urethroscope cannot pass through the stricture point.Herein,we present a pediatric case of severe posttraumatic bulbous urethral stricture that was successfully treated by EVIU after securing the urethral route via interventional balloon dilatation.CASE SUMMARY A 12-year-old boy presented at our outpatient clinic with the inability to urinate.He had sustained a straddle injury three months prior.The post-void residual urine volume was 644 mL,and retrograde urethrography confirmed severe stricture of the bulbous urethra.EVIU was planned;however,the first attempt to treat the stricture failed because the urethroscope could not pass through the stricture point.The urethral route was subsequently secured via balloon dilatation of the stricture,which was performed in collaboration with specialists from the department of interventional radiology.The urethroscope was then able to pass,and the repeat EVIU was successful.CONCLUSION Interventional urethral balloon dilatation before EVIU may help secure the urethral route in the treatment of pediatric urethral strictures.

Value of direct vision internal urethrotomy in treatment of urethral stricture-twenty-year clinical experience

Objective To summarize the experience and evaluate the efficacy of treatment of urethral stricture using direct visual internal urethrotomy ( DVIU) . Methods The clinical data of 361 patients ( age range 16 - 72 years, mean age 38 years) with urethral stricture who underwent urethrotomy from 1990 to 2010 was retrospectively ana-

Male Urethral Stricture: Epidemiological, Clinical, and Therapeutic Aspects in Kara

Background: Urethral stricture is a pathology frequently encountered in urological practice. Management is often surgical, with possible recurrences. What about this pathology in Kara, a semi-urban city? Objective: Assess the management of male urethral stricture in Kara. Patients and Methods: This was a descriptive study with retrospective data collection. The study took place in the urology department of the teaching hospital of Kara, from December 2020 to December 2022. All cases of male urethral stricture, surgically treated at the teaching hospital of Kara, were listed. The inclusion criteria were as follows: any patient who had been treated surgically for male urethral stricture in the urology department of the teaching Hospital of Kara. The operating theater register and hospital records were used to collect the data. The diagnosis of urethral stricture had been made with retrograde urethrogram. A total of 24 patients were treated for male urethral stricture during the study period. The following variables were studied: age, reason for consultation, location, length, and etiology of the stricture;the type of treatment received: optical internal urethrotomy, or anastomotic urethroplasty, and the results. The result was considered good if, after removal of the urethral catheter, the patient regained his micturition without the need for dilatation;the result was considered average if, after removal of the urethral catheter, the patient needed one or more dilatation sessions to regain urination;the result was considered poor if, after removal of the catheter, the patient did not regain good micturition despite the urethral dilatation sessions. Microsoft excel and epi info 7 software were used for data processing. Results: The average age of our patients was 43.7 years ± 10.18 with extremes ranging from 27 to 70 years. The most represented age groups were that of 40 to 50 years, with 37.5% of cases;and that of 30 to 40 years with 33.3% of cases. The patients had consulted for urine retention in 66.6% of cases;the location of urethral stricture was bulbar in 45.8% of cases. The most found etiology was infectious in 58.3% of cases. Among our patients, 58.3% had received optical internal urethrotomy as treatment, while 41.6% of our patients had received anastomotic urethroplasty as treatment. Postoperatively, after removal of the urinary catheter, 87.5% of patients had benefited from one or repeated dilatation. In terms of results, we had a good result in 20.8% of patients;the result was average in 45.8% of patients, and poor in 33.3% of patients. The average duration of follow-up was 14.3 +/- 7.2 months (3-27). Conclusion: Male urethral stricture mainly affects young adults in Kara. Surgical management is done by optical internal urethrotomy and/or anastomotic urethroplasty.

The Role of Dilation and Internal Urethrotomy as a Risk Factor of Failure in Patients Who Undergoing One-Stage Bulbar Oral Graft Urethroplasty

Purpose: To test the hypothesis if dilation or direct visual internal urethrotomy (DVIU) are predictive of urethroplasty failure. Retrospective study, from 1999 to 2010, including184 patients (median age 37 years) who underwent ventral onlay oral graft urethroplasty for bulbar strictures. Exclusion criteria were traumatic strictures, lichen sclerosus, failed hypospadias repair, failed urethroplasty, panurethral strictures, and incomplete medical charts. Pre-operative evaluation included clinical history, physical examination, urine culture, residual urine measurement, uroflowmetry, urethrography, ultrasound and urethroscopy. Surgery was considered a failure when any post-operative instrumentation was needed. Median follow-up was 48 months. Out of 184 patients, 38 (20.7%) had not undergone previous treatment, 7 (3.8%) had undergone dilation, 81 (44%) DVIU and 58 (31.5%) DVIU associated with dilation. Out of 184 patients, 157 (85.3%) were successful and 27 (14.7%) failures. Out of 38 patients who had not undergone previous treatment, 33 (86.8%) were successful;out of 7 patients who had undergone dilation, 6 (85.7%) were successful;out of 81 patients who had undergone DVIU, 72 (88.9%) were successful;out of 58 patients who had undergone DVIU and dilation, 46 (79.3%) were successful. According to the number of previous DVIU, ventral graft urethroplasty for bulbar strictures showed high failure rate in patients who had undergone more than four DVIU associated or not with dilation.

应用200μm钬激光光纤治疗球、膜部尿道狭窄临床分析及新思考

目的:分析和思考内镜下应用(200μm)钬激光光纤治疗球、膜部尿道狭窄的疗效及治疗经验。方法:选取2018年1月—2020年6月样本医院收治的86例内镜下应用冷刀及200μm钬激光光纤治疗男性球、膜部尿道狭窄患者的临床资料进行分析。所有患者尿道造影均提示狭窄段<1 cm,彩超检查提示瘢痕厚度<0.5 cm和(或)合并部分假道。按手术方式分为两组,对照组(冷刀组,41例):应用冷刀纵形辐射状切开狭窄段至正常海绵体深度;观察组(激光组,45例):采用200μm钬激光光纤,“同轴法”纵向切开狭窄段并切除尿道瘢痕,深度同对照组。术后均留置16 F硅胶尿管,2周后拔除,观察其自行排尿情况。结果:观察组患者手术时间长于对照组,术中、术后出血量少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=8.494、15.112、14.351、13.300,P<0.05);两组患者术后即刻、术后3个月、术后12个月其自行排尿情况同时复查最大尿流率比较,差异无统计学意义(t=0.130、0.528、0.298、0.312,P>0.05);术后2周,两组患者生理、心理、社会、环境、独立评分均较治疗前明显升高,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=13.416、5.429、14.367、9.426、5.529,P<0.05)。结论:直视下尿道内切开术(DVIU)应用200μm钬激光光纤较冷刀不增加并发症,术后患者生活质量更高,评估手术疗效则需要狭窄长度和瘢痕厚度综合考虑。

男性尿道狭窄病因及治疗方式10年变化的单中心回顾分析

目的探讨近10年单中心男性尿道狭窄病因及治疗方法的变化趋势。方法收集北京积水潭医院泌尿外科2013年1月—2022年12月收治的940例男性尿道狭窄患者,按照收治时间将患者分别纳入2013—2017年组及2018—2022年组,对比分析两组患者的病因、狭窄部位及长度和治疗方式。结果940例男性尿道狭窄的病因分别为外伤447例(47.55%)、医源性损伤220例(23.40%)、特发性病因128例(13.62%)、硬化性苔藓样变78例(8.30%)、感染46例(4.89%)、其他病因21例(2.23%)。治疗方法分别为尿道成形术691例(73.51%)、尿道狭窄内切开122例(12.98%)、尿道扩张86例(9.15%)、耻骨上膀胱造瘘41例(4.36%)。前后5年对比分析显示,2018—2022年组外伤所致尿道狭窄的占比较2013—2017年组明显下降(41.71%vs.60.34%,P<0.001),而医源性损伤所占比例明显上升(26.05%vs.17.63%,P=0.005);2018—2022年组尿道成形术占比有所增多(75.66%vs.68.81%,P=0.027),尿道狭窄内切开术的应用占比显著下降(9.92%vs.19.66%,P<0.001);2018—2022年组与2013—2017年组比较,膜部尿道狭窄所占比例显著下降(26.98%vs.50.85%,χ^(2)=51.06,P<0.001),而阴茎段尿道狭窄(21.40%vs.7.80%,χ^(2)=26.37,P<0.001)及尿道外口狭窄(9.30%vs.4.75%,χ^(2)=5.80,P<0.001)所占比例明显增多。结论外伤是近10年男性尿道狭窄的主要原因,但占比呈下降趋势;医源性损伤已上升为男性尿道狭窄的第2大原因;采用尿道成形术治疗的患者比例显著增多,成为近5年男性尿道狭窄最主要的治疗方法。

Long-term outcomes of urethral balloon dilation for anterior urethral stricture: A prospective cohort study

Objective:To prospectively follow up a cohort of anterior urethral stricture disease patients managed with balloon dilation(BD)for 3 years to evaluate the long-term outcomes and to study factors that contribute to recurrence.Methods:This study included men who had urethral BD for significant anterior urethral stricture disease between January 2017 and March 2019.Data about the patient age,stricture characteristics,and recurrence date were recorded,along with information on postoperative indwelling catheter use and operative complications.Furthermore,information about the self-calibration procedure was collected and where available,free flow(FF)measurements during the follow-up period were recorded and analyzed.Success was defined as a lack of symptoms and acceptable FF rates(maximum flow rate>12 mL/s).Results:The final analysis was conducted on 187 patients.The mean follow-up period was 37 months.The long-term overall success rate at the end of our study was 66.8%.Our recurrence rate was 7.4%at 12 months,24.7%at 24 months,and reached 33.2%at the end of our study.The time to recurrence ranged from 91 days to 1635 days,with a mean of 670 days.The stricture-free survival was significantly shorter with lengthy peno-bulbar(p=0.031)and multiple strictures(p=0.015),and in the group of patients who were not committed to self-calibration protocol(p<0.011).However,post-procedural self-calibration was the most important factor that may have decreased the incidence of recurrence(odds ratioZ5.85).Adjuvant self-calibration after BD not only reduced the recurrence rate from 85.4%in the non-self-calibration group to 15.1%in the self-calibration one(p<0.001),but also improved the overall stricture-free survival and FF parameters.

钬激光尿道内切开治疗尿道狭窄:一项长期随访的结果

目的评价钬激光尿道内切开治疗尿道狭窄的远期疗效。方法回顾性分析该院2004～2006年钬激光尿道内切开治疗尿道狭窄32例患者的临床资料。32例患者狭窄段长度0.5～2.0cm,平均1.8cm。最大尿流率3.5～6.9mL/s,平均5.7mL/s。结果 32例患者术后拔除导尿管后均排尿通畅,复查最大尿流率18～28mL/s,平均19.2mL/s。随访60～70个月,平均61.4个月。30例患者尿道狭窄复发,最终行开放手术。其中12个月内无狭窄复发病例,24个月内16例复发,36个月内25例复发,48个月内28例复发,60个月内30例复发。结论钬激光尿道内切开治疗尿道狭窄,近期手术效果良好,但远期效果较差。

经输尿管镜钬激光顺行内切开治疗男性尿道狭窄

目的探讨经输尿管镜钬激光顺行切开治疗男性尿道狭窄的临床价值及方法。方法该组44例,尿道狭窄原因包括外伤性23例,前列腺电切术后10例,留置尿管5例,炎症性4例,尿道成形术后2例。狭窄段长度<1.0cm的21例,1.0～2.0cm的17例,>2.0cm的6例。合并假道9例,膀胱结石3例,肾功能不全8例。术前平均最大尿流率(4.0±2.1)mL/s。采用表面麻醉(狭窄长度<2.0cm)或硬脊膜外阻滞麻醉(>2.0cm),输尿镜直视通过狭窄段,钬激光顺行性放射状切开并清除瘢痕。结果均成功切除瘢痕,无直肠损伤、尿失禁、尿瘘及假道等并发症,术后平均最大尿流率为(16.5±2.7)mL/s。28例行尿道扩张2～8次,36例随访6～24个月,其中5例复发,行2次钬激光内切开后治愈。膀胱结石3例均一期清石,肾功能不全6例恢复正常。结论经输尿管镜钬激光内切开操作简单,切除瘢痕准确,是尿道狭窄腔内治疗的有效方法。

尿道狭窄的内窥镜治疗(128例报告)

目的 :探讨尿道狭窄的有效治疗方法。方法 :对 1 991～ 2 0 0 0年 1 2 8例尿道狭窄处理的临床资料进行回顾性分析 ,并比较窥镜直视下尿道内切开术和尿道内切开术 +电切术的疗效。结果 :单纯直视下尿道内切开术56例 ,治愈 2 9(51 .9% )。窥镜直视下尿道内切开术 +电切术 72例 ,治愈 63例 (87.5 % )。结论 :窥镜直视下尿道内切开术 +电切术的方法明显提高尿道狭窄的疗效 ,减少其复发率。

尿道内切开术联合曲安奈德注射治疗尿道狭窄疗效研究

目的探讨尿道内切开术联合曲安奈德瘢痕内注射治疗男性尿道狭窄的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2008年1月—2010年12月我院收治的男性尿道狭窄患者44例,其中试验组21例行尿道内切开术联合曲安奈德瘢痕内注射治疗,对照组23例行尿道内切开术。试验组于狭窄段3、6、9、12点冷刀放射状切开瘢痕组织后,用自制F4尿道注射针抽取20 ml曲安奈德注射液,环状注射于瘢痕切开基底部组织中;对照组仅行狭窄段瘢痕组织放射状切开。观察记录两组术后最大尿流率(Qmax)、狭窄段内径的变化以及尿道狭窄复发情况和复发间隔时间。结果 44例患者均一次手术切开成功,拔除导尿管后均能自主排尿,平均随访(8.7±5.4)个月。治疗前试验组年龄、随访时间、Qmax及狭窄段内径与对照组比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);而治疗后6个月和1年的复发率、Qmax、狭窄段内径、复发间隔时间与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于≤1.5 cm的尿道狭窄,应用尿道内切开术联合曲安奈德瘢痕内注射对延缓狭窄复发有较好的应用价值。

窥镜直视下尿道内切开术加电切术治疗尿道狭窄

目的 :探讨尿道狭窄的有效治疗方法。方法 :对 1991～ 2 0 0 0年收治的 12 8例尿道狭窄患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析 ,并比较窥镜直视下尿道内切开术和直视下尿道内切开术加电切术的疗效。结果 :作单纯直视下尿道内切开术 5 6例 ,治愈 2 9例 (5 1.9% )。作窥镜直视下尿道内切开术加电切术 72例 ,治愈 6 3例(87.5 % )。结论 :窥镜直视下尿道内切开术加电切术的方法可明显提高尿道狭窄的疗效 。

尿道内切开和尿道扩张治疗尿道狭窄疗效分析

目的探讨尿道内切开和定期尿道扩张的临床疗效。方法采用Rudolf冷刀和电切镜对23例尿道狭窄患者施行尿道内切开,术后留置导尿管4～6周,必要时行规律定期尿道扩张。结果14例1次手术获得成功,9例首次手术后再次出现尿道狭窄,3例进行第2次尿道内切开手术获得成功,6例未再进行尿道内切开,定期、规律尿道扩张,获得成功。尿道造影检查示,尿道通畅,效果满意。结论尿道内切开结合定期尿道扩张是治疗尿道狭窄的有效微创方法,并发症少,操作简便,恢复快。

尿道狭窄或闭锁的腔内治疗(附28例报告)

目的探讨尿道狭窄或闭锁的腔内手术治疗疗效。方法28例患者采用尿道冷刀内切开结合瘢痕电切术治疗,其中对尿道闭锁患者,术中配合应用软性膀胱尿道镜。观察其术中情况、术后并发症及疗效。结果23例1次手术成功,3例行2次腔内手术治疗,2例失败,3例术后需定期行尿道扩张术,术后随访3～24个月,获得比较满意疗效。结论尿道内切开结合电切术治疗尿道狭窄或闭锁创伤小,并发症少,成功率较高,效果满意,是一种安全、微创且行之有效的治疗方法。

PW鞘联合钬激光输尿管镜治疗尿道狭窄的疗效分析

目的观察PW鞘联合钬激光输尿管镜治疗尿道狭窄患者的临床疗效。方法将我院收治的60例尿道狭窄患者按照治疗方法分为治疗组35例与对照组25例,治疗组进行PW鞘联合钬激光输尿管镜治疗,对照组单纯应用钬激光输尿管镜治疗,对比两组的治疗效果。结果治疗组患者术中手术视野均表现清晰,组织分辨确切,无一例终止手术,而对照组有2例患者手术出血较多,视野与组织分辨模糊,被迫终止手术,3例因手术视野欠清晰,误切穿尿道海绵体;治疗组的手术时间、术后尿道扩张次数、术后最大尿流率、再手术率以及手术复发率等均显著优于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论采用PW鞘联合钬激光输尿管镜治疗尿道狭窄,能改善手术视野与组织分辨情况,组织损伤小,增加了手术安全性,降低了术后手术复发率及再手术率,临床效果显著。

尿道内切开治疗尿道狭窄疗效观察(附42例报告)

目的 :探讨尿道内切开治疗尿道狭窄的效果。方法 :对 42例尿道狭窄患者采用截石位 3、9、12点位放射状尿道内冷刀切开术治疗 ,其中 5例结合电切术治疗。结果 :38例一次手术成功 ,3例需再次腔内手术治疗 ,1例腔内手术失败。随访 3～ 48个月 ,41例疗效满意。结论 :腔内手术治疗尿道狭窄效果好 ,创伤小 ,副作用少 ,是治疗尿道狭窄的首选方法。

钬激光尿道内切开治疗后尿道狭窄和闭锁疗效观察(附32例报告)

目的:探讨钬激光尿道内切开治疗后尿道狭窄和闭锁的疗效。方法:对32例后尿道狭窄和闭锁患 者采用膀胱截石位,于3、9、12点处作放射状钬激光(1.5J,10Hz)内切开治疗,并修整尿道内面,使管腔光滑。 遇尿道闭锁时,先采用会师术。结果:一次手术成功率100%,无尿失禁。27例患者获得随访,1年满意者23例 (85.1%),2年满意者18例(66.6%)。结论:采用钬激光尿道内切开治疗后尿道狭窄和闭锁是一种有效手段。

直视下经尿道内切开术治疗尿道狭窄

目的 :探讨直视下经尿道内次切开术治疗尿道狭窄的有效性和安全性。方法 :总结直视下经尿道内切开术治疗 6 8例尿道狭窄和闭锁患者的疗效和经验 ,6 3例 1次手术成功 ;3例行 2次、2例行 3次成功。结果 :6 8例中 ,5 7例术后随访 3～ 71个月 ,平均 2 8.3个月 ,4 3例 (75 % )均排尿通畅 ;2例暂时性尿失禁者分别于术后 3～ 6月内恢复。结论 :直视下经尿道内切开术创伤小 ,并发症少 ,疗效确切 ,是尿道狭窄和闭锁的首选治疗方法。