This article investigated effects of degrees of deformation, heat treatment temperatures and holding times on the recrystallization behavior of directionally solidified DZ4 superalloy. The results showed that, recryst...This article investigated effects of degrees of deformation, heat treatment temperatures and holding times on the recrystallization behavior of directionally solidified DZ4 superalloy. The results showed that, recrystallization of DZ4 superalloy could take place during solution heat treatment after certain degrees of cold work and depths of recrystallization increased with increasing degrees of deformation and heat treatment temperature. At the temperature below y’ solvus, prolonged holding times did not play an important role in improving recrystallization depths. Moreover, prevention measures for recrystallization of directionally solidified blades were given.展开更多
A self-consistent creep damage constitutive model and a finite element model have been developed for nickel-base directionally solidified superalloys. Grain degradation and grain boundary voiding are considered. The m...A self-consistent creep damage constitutive model and a finite element model have been developed for nickel-base directionally solidified superalloys. Grain degradation and grain boundary voiding are considered. The model parameters are determined from the creep test data of a single crystal and a directionally solidified superalloy with a special crystallographic orientation. The numerical analysis shows that the modeled creep damage behaviors of nickel-base directionally solidified super-alloys with different crystallographic orientations are in good agreement with the experimental data.展开更多
In order to investigate the elastic properties of directionally solidified(DS)superalloys,an elasticity model called boundaries elastic model(GBE model),considering grain boundaries and tensile orientations,is propose...In order to investigate the elastic properties of directionally solidified(DS)superalloys,an elasticity model called boundaries elastic model(GBE model),considering grain boundaries and tensile orientations,is proposed in this paper.Two assumptions are adopted in the GBE model:(1)The displacement of grains,which moves along the perpendicular direction,is restricted by the grain boundaries;(2)Grain boundaries influence region(GBIR)is formed around the grain boundaries.Based on the single crystal(SC)calculation method of elastic properties,the GBE model can well predict macroscopic equivalent elastic modulus(Young’s modulus)of DS superalloys under different tensile orientations effectively.To demonstrate the correctness of the GBE model,3D finite element simulation is adopted and tensile experiments on a Ni3Al?base DS superalloy(IC10)along five tensile orientations are carried out.Meanwhile,the grain boundaries are observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscope(TEM).Therefore,the GBE model is proved to be feasible by comparing the simulated results with the experiments.展开更多
Directed energy deposition has been used to repair superalloy components in aero engines and gas turbines.However,the microstructure and properties are generally inhomogeneous in components because of the different pr...Directed energy deposition has been used to repair superalloy components in aero engines and gas turbines.However,the microstructure and properties are generally inhomogeneous in components because of the different processing histories.Here,the microstructures and wear behavior of different zones(substrate,HAZ,and deposit)are investigated for the IC10 directionally solidified superalloy repaired by the directed energy deposition process.It is found that the microstructure of the deposited layers is strongly textured with a<001>-fiber texture in the building direction,and the texture intensity is continuously increased along the building direction.Two kinds ofγ’phase(primary and secondaryγ’phase)can be found in the heat-affected zone(HAZ),and the average size of primaryγ’phase is smaller than that in the substrate due to liquation.In the deposit layers,the size ofγ’phase is much smaller than those in the substrate and the primaryγ’phase of HAZ;both size and the fraction of theγ’phase decreases with the increase of building height.The wear rate of the substrate is the smallest,indicating the best wear resistance;while the wear rate of HAZ is the largest,indicating the worst wear resistance in the repaired sample.The wear rates in the deposit layers increase from the bottom to the top zones,showing a decreasing wear resistance.Abrasive wear is found to be the dominant wear mechanism of the repaired alloy,and the resistance to which is closely related to the fraction ofγ’phase in the microstructure.The understanding of the influence of microstructure on wear resistance allows for a more informed application of inhomogeneous superalloy components repaired by directed energy deposition in industry.展开更多
考虑到镍基定向凝固合金滑移相关的塑性流动和裂纹萌生机制,视其面心立方晶体结构中可能开动的滑移系为临界平面并以最大分切应变范围(?γmax)为损伤参数,分别采用热点法和临界距离理论(Theory of critical distance,TCD)对DZ125的低循...考虑到镍基定向凝固合金滑移相关的塑性流动和裂纹萌生机制,视其面心立方晶体结构中可能开动的滑移系为临界平面并以最大分切应变范围(?γmax)为损伤参数,分别采用热点法和临界距离理论(Theory of critical distance,TCD)对DZ125的低循环疲劳寿命进行分析和预测。研究结果表明,基于热点法的临界平面法其寿命预测偏保守,且应力集中程度越大其保守程度越明显;运用TCD时发现,缺口试件的临界距离不仅同材料、失效寿命以及应力比有关,同应力集中程度亦相关。如果以尖锐缺口试件为校准试样或采用平均思想处理临界距离,其寿命分散带均大于10倍。而假定临界距离同应力集中程度相关时获得的寿命预测分散带缩小为2倍。展开更多
文摘This article investigated effects of degrees of deformation, heat treatment temperatures and holding times on the recrystallization behavior of directionally solidified DZ4 superalloy. The results showed that, recrystallization of DZ4 superalloy could take place during solution heat treatment after certain degrees of cold work and depths of recrystallization increased with increasing degrees of deformation and heat treatment temperature. At the temperature below y’ solvus, prolonged holding times did not play an important role in improving recrystallization depths. Moreover, prevention measures for recrystallization of directionally solidified blades were given.
文摘A self-consistent creep damage constitutive model and a finite element model have been developed for nickel-base directionally solidified superalloys. Grain degradation and grain boundary voiding are considered. The model parameters are determined from the creep test data of a single crystal and a directionally solidified superalloy with a special crystallographic orientation. The numerical analysis shows that the modeled creep damage behaviors of nickel-base directionally solidified super-alloys with different crystallographic orientations are in good agreement with the experimental data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51205190)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.NS2016026)+1 种基金the Aeronautical Power Science Fund Project (No. 6141B090317)the Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province, China (No.KYLX-0304)
文摘In order to investigate the elastic properties of directionally solidified(DS)superalloys,an elasticity model called boundaries elastic model(GBE model),considering grain boundaries and tensile orientations,is proposed in this paper.Two assumptions are adopted in the GBE model:(1)The displacement of grains,which moves along the perpendicular direction,is restricted by the grain boundaries;(2)Grain boundaries influence region(GBIR)is formed around the grain boundaries.Based on the single crystal(SC)calculation method of elastic properties,the GBE model can well predict macroscopic equivalent elastic modulus(Young’s modulus)of DS superalloys under different tensile orientations effectively.To demonstrate the correctness of the GBE model,3D finite element simulation is adopted and tensile experiments on a Ni3Al?base DS superalloy(IC10)along five tensile orientations are carried out.Meanwhile,the grain boundaries are observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscope(TEM).Therefore,the GBE model is proved to be feasible by comparing the simulated results with the experiments.
基金financial support to this work from the Tribology Science Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Tribology(SKLT2020C09)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51675303)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB1103300)。
文摘Directed energy deposition has been used to repair superalloy components in aero engines and gas turbines.However,the microstructure and properties are generally inhomogeneous in components because of the different processing histories.Here,the microstructures and wear behavior of different zones(substrate,HAZ,and deposit)are investigated for the IC10 directionally solidified superalloy repaired by the directed energy deposition process.It is found that the microstructure of the deposited layers is strongly textured with a<001>-fiber texture in the building direction,and the texture intensity is continuously increased along the building direction.Two kinds ofγ’phase(primary and secondaryγ’phase)can be found in the heat-affected zone(HAZ),and the average size of primaryγ’phase is smaller than that in the substrate due to liquation.In the deposit layers,the size ofγ’phase is much smaller than those in the substrate and the primaryγ’phase of HAZ;both size and the fraction of theγ’phase decreases with the increase of building height.The wear rate of the substrate is the smallest,indicating the best wear resistance;while the wear rate of HAZ is the largest,indicating the worst wear resistance in the repaired sample.The wear rates in the deposit layers increase from the bottom to the top zones,showing a decreasing wear resistance.Abrasive wear is found to be the dominant wear mechanism of the repaired alloy,and the resistance to which is closely related to the fraction ofγ’phase in the microstructure.The understanding of the influence of microstructure on wear resistance allows for a more informed application of inhomogeneous superalloy components repaired by directed energy deposition in industry.
文摘考虑到镍基定向凝固合金滑移相关的塑性流动和裂纹萌生机制,视其面心立方晶体结构中可能开动的滑移系为临界平面并以最大分切应变范围(?γmax)为损伤参数,分别采用热点法和临界距离理论(Theory of critical distance,TCD)对DZ125的低循环疲劳寿命进行分析和预测。研究结果表明,基于热点法的临界平面法其寿命预测偏保守,且应力集中程度越大其保守程度越明显;运用TCD时发现,缺口试件的临界距离不仅同材料、失效寿命以及应力比有关,同应力集中程度亦相关。如果以尖锐缺口试件为校准试样或采用平均思想处理临界距离,其寿命分散带均大于10倍。而假定临界距离同应力集中程度相关时获得的寿命预测分散带缩小为2倍。
