EVOLUTION LAW OF DRYNESS AND WETNESS IN KUNMING IN RECENT 300 YEARS

Using indexes of dryness and wetness in historical record over the recent recent years and rainfall data over the tatest century, the work involves itself with the study of climatological evolution of dryness and wetness. periodic variations of climate and interannual laws of variation. The discussion also covers the subjects of effects of El Nino. sunspot, predictors of general circulation on climatic variation of dryness and wetness. There arc main conclusions as follows: (1) The main cyclic variations of climate are 40 and 11 years in Kunming. the former being subject to that of El Nino and the latter to that of sunspots. They are two principal factors for periodic variations of dryness and wetness in Kunming. (2) A close relationship exists between interannual variations and general circulation factors for Kunming. The comprehensive influence as imposed by ENSO and allocations of W.C.E. patterns of circulation in the westerly are ma.tor weather and climate causes for the interannual variations of precipitation in Kunming.

昆明近300年的旱涝变化规律

应用昆明近３００年历史旱涝指数和近百年降雨观测资料，研究了旱涝历史气候演变、气候周期变化和年际变化的规律，探讨了厄尔尼诺、太阳黑子、大气环流因子对旱涝气候变化的影响。主要结果有：（１）昆明旱涝气候变化主要存在４０年和１１年的周期，４０年变化周期受厄尔尼诺变化周期影响，１１年变化周期受太阳黑子变化周期影响，厄尔尼诺和太阳黑子的周期变化是昆明旱涝周期变化的两大影响因子。（２）昆明降雨年际变化与大气环流因子存在很大的关系，其中南方涛动和西风带Ｗ．Ｃ．Ｅ型环流型不同配置产生的综合影响是昆明降雨年际变化的主要天气气候成因。

滦河流域干湿变化及大尺度气候因子影响

利用经验正交函数、小波变换等方法,基于标准化降水指数分析滦河流域1957—2016年的干湿变化趋势,研究流域干湿变化典型场的时空和周期特征,并通过对比大尺度气候因子对不同典型场的影响差异,讨论滦河流域干湿变化的气候成因。结果表明:滦河流域干湿条件在1989年发生突变,干旱有加剧趋势且在研究时段内年际干旱事件频发;流域干湿变化表现为两种典型模态,模态1呈现出全区一致性的空间分布,以及流域干旱程度增加的时间变化特征,两种模态在时间变化上均存在1.5~4.0 a主周期;对流域干湿变化影响最强烈的是ENSO,其次是AO和NAO,而AMO和PDO影响最弱。上述气候因子指数对干湿场的影响主要体现在改变流域干湿一致性。