Based on output-oriented education,the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)concept integrates local red culture into the ideological and political course of environmental disciplines,and is an important part of training appli...Based on output-oriented education,the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)concept integrates local red culture into the ideological and political course of environmental disciplines,and is an important part of training applied talents of environmental disciplines in the new era.This educational model makes an innovation on the traditional educational and teaching concepts and centers on students.This paper analyzes the value of integrating local red culture into the ideological and political course under the OBE concept,and puts forward an effective implementation path.展开更多
The wireless sensor network(WSN),as the terminal data acquisition system of the 5G network,has attracted attention due to advantages such as low cost and easy deployment.Its development is mainly restricted by energy....The wireless sensor network(WSN),as the terminal data acquisition system of the 5G network,has attracted attention due to advantages such as low cost and easy deployment.Its development is mainly restricted by energy.The traditional transmission control scheme is not suitable for WSNs due to the significant information interaction.A switchable transmission control scheme for WSNs based on a queuing game(SQGTC)is proposed to improve network performance.Considering that sensor nodes compete for the resources of sink nodes to realize data transmission,the competitive relationship between nodes is described from the perspective of a game.Different types of sensor node requests require a sink node to provide different service disciplines.Mathematical models of social welfare are established for a sink node under the service disciplines of first-come,first-served(FCFS),egalitarian processor sharing(EPS),and shortest service first(SSF).The optimal service strategies are obtained by maximizing social welfare.The sensor nodes provide the expected benefits and satisfy the service requirements of the requests,and the sink node switches the transmission control strategy for the service.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the data transmission efficiency of WSNs and achieves the optimal allocation of resources.展开更多
According to the requirement of New Engineering Disciplines initiated by the Ministry of Education of China,the course of Programming Fundamentals has been reformed in ethnic university to satisfy the standard of New ...According to the requirement of New Engineering Disciplines initiated by the Ministry of Education of China,the course of Programming Fundamentals has been reformed in ethnic university to satisfy the standard of New Engineering Certification.The reform is implemented in teaching content,implementation in both theoretical and experimental classes,teaching assessment and teacher training.展开更多
As soon as the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)was founded by the new government of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,the principles of“linking theory with practice”and“conducting research to serve the people...As soon as the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)was founded by the new government of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,the principles of“linking theory with practice”and“conducting research to serve the people”set the framework for its scientific studies.How to balance their obligations to facilitate national economic construction with their desires to advance disciplinary scientific developments posed a knotty problem that frustrated those who organized and engaged in scientific research across the country,and in the CAS in particular.Against this background,the slogan“let tasks lead disciplines”was proposed as an effective solution.However,how exactly to put this into practice became a pressing issue,as CAS scientists and scholars debated the relationship between tasks and advances within scientific disciplines.This paper examines these debates as they were carried out in the case of the comprehensive surveys of natural resources organized by the CAS,focusing especially on different understandings of the relationship between“tasks”and“disciplines”within the CAS in the early 1960s,and examining the impact and legacy of“letting tasks lead disciplinary developments,”with possible lessons for the formulation of scientific plans today.展开更多
Systems engineering is not a new discipline. However, up to now, there is little consensus on its exact definition and scope. The scopes of several disciplines (neighboring disciplines of systems engineering) overlap ...Systems engineering is not a new discipline. However, up to now, there is little consensus on its exact definition and scope. The scopes of several disciplines (neighboring disciplines of systems engineering) overlap with that of systems engineering. In this paper, the methods to identify similarities and dissimilarities between systems engineering and its neighboring disciplines are discussed. The research of this paper is expected to be helpful for clarifying the definition and scope of systems engineering.展开更多
The CAS, as a national comprehensive research and development (R&D) center for natural science and high technology with numerous researchers of a high quality in almost all disciplines, plays a decisive role in th...The CAS, as a national comprehensive research and development (R&D) center for natural science and high technology with numerous researchers of a high quality in almost all disciplines, plays a decisive role in the development of this country’s science and technology. Based on the trend of China’s development in the period of its Ninth Five-Year Plan and in the next century, this article analyzes the trends of science and technology of China in combination with the current readjustment in the constitution of science disciplines in the CAS.展开更多
This paper introduces the principle of ATM switch, and discusses queueing disciplines and their performances. Authors describe the method of input queueing, output queueing, central queueing, combined input/output que...This paper introduces the principle of ATM switch, and discusses queueing disciplines and their performances. Authors describe the method of input queueing, output queueing, central queueing, combined input/output queuing, combined input/shared queueing, and multistage queueing in detail. They also present the relations between mean waiting time and input load. The queueing disciplines can be used to design the architecture of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) switch.展开更多
Purpose:Based on the case of the top nine elite universities in China(i.e.C9 League),we evaluate the university discipline advantages in terms of outputs and influence of scientific articles.Combining with the discipl...Purpose:Based on the case of the top nine elite universities in China(i.e.C9 League),we evaluate the university discipline advantages in terms of outputs and influence of scientific articles.Combining with the discipline collaboration analysis,we provide suggestions on discipline development and future collaboration for C9 League members.Design/methodology/approach:First,we carry out a correlation analysis.Then,we obtain the new combination evaluation indicators through factor analysis on seven primary indicators from InCite platform.Afterwards,we assign the weighted values to different indicators in order to get the evaluation scores and the ranking for each C9 League member.Then,we obtain the bibliographic data of the C9 League members for extracting the category classifications from the Web and transforming them into Degree-Granting and Personal Trainning Courses Catalogue(DPTCC).According to the original collaboration frequencies among C9 League members,we carry out the analysis on two-mode collaboration networks.Finally,we propose some suggestions on the future collaboration and development.Findings:There is correlation relationship between the outputs of scientific papers and influence indicators,so it is necessary to use the various indicators to acquire the more scientific evaluation.Meanwhile,league members are different in the discipline development level,and have inadequate collaboration with each other,which indicates that there exists the great potential for further collaborations.Research limitations:Despite the relative high quality SCI papers,preference for different disciplines of SCI and different discipline features for C9 members probably exert negative influence on evaluation results.Practical implications:We provide a research thought and an operational approach to the disciplines evaluation,which would promote more methods for scientific discipline evaluation and reasonable management for universities.Originality/value:There are more and more articles on the universities evaluation indexes,but rarely on the relationship among the indicators.Therefore,our approach would be helpful for the evaluation of university disciplines.展开更多
Additive manufacturing technology is highly regarded due to its advantages,such as high precision and the ability to address complex geometric challenges.However,the development of additive manufacturing process is co...Additive manufacturing technology is highly regarded due to its advantages,such as high precision and the ability to address complex geometric challenges.However,the development of additive manufacturing process is constrained by issues like unclear fundamental principles,complex experimental cycles,and high costs.Machine learning,as a novel artificial intelligence technology,has the potential to deeply engage in the development of additive manufacturing process,assisting engineers in learning and developing new techniques.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research and applications of machine learning in the field of additive manufacturing,particularly in model design and process development.Firstly,it introduces the background and significance of machine learning-assisted design in additive manufacturing process.It then further delves into the application of machine learning in additive manufacturing,focusing on model design and process guidance.Finally,it concludes by summarizing and forecasting the development trends of machine learning technology in the field of additive manufacturing.展开更多
In this paper, several problems related to the development of basic disciplines are expounded from macroscopic visual angle. First, four important concepts(basic science, basic discipline, basic research, fundamental ...In this paper, several problems related to the development of basic disciplines are expounded from macroscopic visual angle. First, four important concepts(basic science, basic discipline, basic research, fundamental research) are analyzed. Then, reserve strength for the development of basic disciplines in China is considered in accordance with funds that have been put into basic research. Finally, several theoretical cognition problems concerning the development of basic disciplines (such as social function of science, motive force for the development of basic disciplines, as well as soft environment and cultural atmosphere favourable to it) are discussed.展开更多
With the acceleration of the social information process,information awareness and information skills have become the basic qualities of every citizen.The establishment of the training mechanism for scientific and tech...With the acceleration of the social information process,information awareness and information skills have become the basic qualities of every citizen.The establishment of the training mechanism for scientific and technological innovation talents from the beginning of higher education is insufficient to meet the needs of the development of the times.It is imperative to improve the training of information technology innovation talents and explore a new training model.This paper describes the general situation of the development of education in the field of information technology from a domestic and international perspective.It then analyzes the existing problems,explores new exploration models and implementation suggestions,and puts forward prospects at the end of the paper.展开更多
According to the Ministry of Education, 22 Tsinghua University disciplines were evaluated as First Category National Key Disciplines, ranking first nationwide. It is the first time for China to establish First Categor...According to the Ministry of Education, 22 Tsinghua University disciplines were evaluated as First Category National Key Disciplines, ranking first nationwide. It is the first time for China to establish First Category Key Disciplines. Among the 22 First Category National Key Disciplines, 16 disciplines are in engineering, three in science, two in management, and one in medicine. In addition, fifteen Tsinghua disciplines were evaluated as Second Category National Key Disciplines, among which, two are in engineering, one in science, nine in medicine, and three in humanities and social sciences.展开更多
This paper sketches the history and the author’s involvement in the development of narrative medicine in China.It also describes“narrative medicine with Chinese characteristics,”explaining why narrative medicine is...This paper sketches the history and the author’s involvement in the development of narrative medicine in China.It also describes“narrative medicine with Chinese characteristics,”explaining why narrative medicine is regarded as a tool to materialize the medical humanities in clinical practice,and detailing the features of narrative medicine in China.The features include the wide acceptance of the“22334 model”of narrative medicine,and borrowing theories and practice from Traditional Chinese Medicine.Finally,the author argues that the medical humanities should be given a“Class-A discipline”status,and narrative medicine should be a class-B discipline under the medical humanities.展开更多
European literary criticism was rapidly transformed into literary theory through the United States after Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s textbook Theory of Literary Theory by Harcourt,Brace and Co.(1949).Within a sho...European literary criticism was rapidly transformed into literary theory through the United States after Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s textbook Theory of Literary Theory by Harcourt,Brace and Co.(1949).Within a short period of time,American new criticism,European psychoanalysis,semiotics,structuralism,hermeneutics,deconstructivism,and so on,as well as the western Marxism,feminism,new historicism,post-colonial criticism,and cultural studies,all the critical methods little referenced to postwar Western ideology and Soviet Ideology,and are even known for their profound criticism of some problems in capitalist society.These intuitively scientific or neutral literary theories flourished during the Cold War years that contained the Soviet Union.During this period,“political correctness”not only influenced the direction of social development in the West,but also directly influenced the academic pattern and the development trend of universities at that time,so that“literary criticism”,which was originally only based on personal experience,benefited and became“literary theory”in the discipline and curriculum system.As a result,the discipline of literary theory,which benefited from the Cold War pattern,is often in conflict with the specific literary theory that transcends ideology.However,the Cold War ended with the failure of the Soviet Union and its socialist realism theory system,and the western literary theory unexpectedly gained full legitimacy like Fukuyama’s“the end of history”.In the post-Cold War era,Western literary critics reasonably expanded the controversial theories and this has become the most concerned topic for 30 years.Thus,the international politics of the disguised Western literary theory was highlighted.Such Western literary theory has been generalized in China in the last 40 years,because Chinese academic yet has not understood the difference between theory as discipline and theory as doctrine,even anti-western in recent years.展开更多
基金Supported by Teaching Content and Curriculum System Reform Project of Guizhou Province in 2022(GZJG20220776)Natural Science Research Project of Guizhou Provincial Department of Education(Qianjiaoji[2022]No.067)+1 种基金Research Center for Revolutionary Spirit and Cultural Resources of the Communist Party of China,Zunyi Normal University,Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences,Ministry of Education(22KRIZYPY12)Teaching Content and Curriculum System Reform and Cultivation Project of Zunyi Normal University in 2022(JGPY2022001).
文摘Based on output-oriented education,the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)concept integrates local red culture into the ideological and political course of environmental disciplines,and is an important part of training applied talents of environmental disciplines in the new era.This educational model makes an innovation on the traditional educational and teaching concepts and centers on students.This paper analyzes the value of integrating local red culture into the ideological and political course under the OBE concept,and puts forward an effective implementation path.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant.No.FRF-BD-20-11A),C.G.(Cheng Gong)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Foundation of Shunde Graduate School,C.G.(Cheng Gong),USTB(Grant No.BK19AF005)the Industry University Research Cooperation Project No.39110067,C.G.(Cheng Gong).
文摘The wireless sensor network(WSN),as the terminal data acquisition system of the 5G network,has attracted attention due to advantages such as low cost and easy deployment.Its development is mainly restricted by energy.The traditional transmission control scheme is not suitable for WSNs due to the significant information interaction.A switchable transmission control scheme for WSNs based on a queuing game(SQGTC)is proposed to improve network performance.Considering that sensor nodes compete for the resources of sink nodes to realize data transmission,the competitive relationship between nodes is described from the perspective of a game.Different types of sensor node requests require a sink node to provide different service disciplines.Mathematical models of social welfare are established for a sink node under the service disciplines of first-come,first-served(FCFS),egalitarian processor sharing(EPS),and shortest service first(SSF).The optimal service strategies are obtained by maximizing social welfare.The sensor nodes provide the expected benefits and satisfy the service requirements of the requests,and the sink node switches the transmission control strategy for the service.Simulation results show that the proposed scheme improves the data transmission efficiency of WSNs and achieves the optimal allocation of resources.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Inner Mongolia of China(KCBJ2018029)the CRP of CAS Key Laboratory of Solar Activity of National Astronomical Observatories(KLSA201905).
文摘According to the requirement of New Engineering Disciplines initiated by the Ministry of Education of China,the course of Programming Fundamentals has been reformed in ethnic university to satisfy the standard of New Engineering Certification.The reform is implemented in teaching content,implementation in both theoretical and experimental classes,teaching assessment and teacher training.
文摘As soon as the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)was founded by the new government of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,the principles of“linking theory with practice”and“conducting research to serve the people”set the framework for its scientific studies.How to balance their obligations to facilitate national economic construction with their desires to advance disciplinary scientific developments posed a knotty problem that frustrated those who organized and engaged in scientific research across the country,and in the CAS in particular.Against this background,the slogan“let tasks lead disciplines”was proposed as an effective solution.However,how exactly to put this into practice became a pressing issue,as CAS scientists and scholars debated the relationship between tasks and advances within scientific disciplines.This paper examines these debates as they were carried out in the case of the comprehensive surveys of natural resources organized by the CAS,focusing especially on different understandings of the relationship between“tasks”and“disciplines”within the CAS in the early 1960s,and examining the impact and legacy of“letting tasks lead disciplinary developments,”with possible lessons for the formulation of scientific plans today.
文摘Systems engineering is not a new discipline. However, up to now, there is little consensus on its exact definition and scope. The scopes of several disciplines (neighboring disciplines of systems engineering) overlap with that of systems engineering. In this paper, the methods to identify similarities and dissimilarities between systems engineering and its neighboring disciplines are discussed. The research of this paper is expected to be helpful for clarifying the definition and scope of systems engineering.
文摘The CAS, as a national comprehensive research and development (R&D) center for natural science and high technology with numerous researchers of a high quality in almost all disciplines, plays a decisive role in the development of this country’s science and technology. Based on the trend of China’s development in the period of its Ninth Five-Year Plan and in the next century, this article analyzes the trends of science and technology of China in combination with the current readjustment in the constitution of science disciplines in the CAS.
文摘This paper introduces the principle of ATM switch, and discusses queueing disciplines and their performances. Authors describe the method of input queueing, output queueing, central queueing, combined input/output queuing, combined input/shared queueing, and multistage queueing in detail. They also present the relations between mean waiting time and input load. The queueing disciplines can be used to design the architecture of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) switch.
基金supported by the West Light Foundation of Chinese Academy of Science(Grant No:Y4C0011001)
文摘Purpose:Based on the case of the top nine elite universities in China(i.e.C9 League),we evaluate the university discipline advantages in terms of outputs and influence of scientific articles.Combining with the discipline collaboration analysis,we provide suggestions on discipline development and future collaboration for C9 League members.Design/methodology/approach:First,we carry out a correlation analysis.Then,we obtain the new combination evaluation indicators through factor analysis on seven primary indicators from InCite platform.Afterwards,we assign the weighted values to different indicators in order to get the evaluation scores and the ranking for each C9 League member.Then,we obtain the bibliographic data of the C9 League members for extracting the category classifications from the Web and transforming them into Degree-Granting and Personal Trainning Courses Catalogue(DPTCC).According to the original collaboration frequencies among C9 League members,we carry out the analysis on two-mode collaboration networks.Finally,we propose some suggestions on the future collaboration and development.Findings:There is correlation relationship between the outputs of scientific papers and influence indicators,so it is necessary to use the various indicators to acquire the more scientific evaluation.Meanwhile,league members are different in the discipline development level,and have inadequate collaboration with each other,which indicates that there exists the great potential for further collaborations.Research limitations:Despite the relative high quality SCI papers,preference for different disciplines of SCI and different discipline features for C9 members probably exert negative influence on evaluation results.Practical implications:We provide a research thought and an operational approach to the disciplines evaluation,which would promote more methods for scientific discipline evaluation and reasonable management for universities.Originality/value:There are more and more articles on the universities evaluation indexes,but rarely on the relationship among the indicators.Therefore,our approach would be helpful for the evaluation of university disciplines.
基金financially supported by the Technology Development Fund of China Academy of Machinery Science and Technology(No.170221ZY01)。
文摘Additive manufacturing technology is highly regarded due to its advantages,such as high precision and the ability to address complex geometric challenges.However,the development of additive manufacturing process is constrained by issues like unclear fundamental principles,complex experimental cycles,and high costs.Machine learning,as a novel artificial intelligence technology,has the potential to deeply engage in the development of additive manufacturing process,assisting engineers in learning and developing new techniques.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the research and applications of machine learning in the field of additive manufacturing,particularly in model design and process development.Firstly,it introduces the background and significance of machine learning-assisted design in additive manufacturing process.It then further delves into the application of machine learning in additive manufacturing,focusing on model design and process guidance.Finally,it concludes by summarizing and forecasting the development trends of machine learning technology in the field of additive manufacturing.
文摘In this paper, several problems related to the development of basic disciplines are expounded from macroscopic visual angle. First, four important concepts(basic science, basic discipline, basic research, fundamental research) are analyzed. Then, reserve strength for the development of basic disciplines in China is considered in accordance with funds that have been put into basic research. Finally, several theoretical cognition problems concerning the development of basic disciplines (such as social function of science, motive force for the development of basic disciplines, as well as soft environment and cultural atmosphere favourable to it) are discussed.
文摘With the acceleration of the social information process,information awareness and information skills have become the basic qualities of every citizen.The establishment of the training mechanism for scientific and technological innovation talents from the beginning of higher education is insufficient to meet the needs of the development of the times.It is imperative to improve the training of information technology innovation talents and explore a new training model.This paper describes the general situation of the development of education in the field of information technology from a domestic and international perspective.It then analyzes the existing problems,explores new exploration models and implementation suggestions,and puts forward prospects at the end of the paper.
文摘According to the Ministry of Education, 22 Tsinghua University disciplines were evaluated as First Category National Key Disciplines, ranking first nationwide. It is the first time for China to establish First Category Key Disciplines. Among the 22 First Category National Key Disciplines, 16 disciplines are in engineering, three in science, two in management, and one in medicine. In addition, fifteen Tsinghua disciplines were evaluated as Second Category National Key Disciplines, among which, two are in engineering, one in science, nine in medicine, and three in humanities and social sciences.
基金This paper is funded by the National Social Science Fund of China project“Building of and the Database Construction of Health for All”(21ZDA130).
文摘This paper sketches the history and the author’s involvement in the development of narrative medicine in China.It also describes“narrative medicine with Chinese characteristics,”explaining why narrative medicine is regarded as a tool to materialize the medical humanities in clinical practice,and detailing the features of narrative medicine in China.The features include the wide acceptance of the“22334 model”of narrative medicine,and borrowing theories and practice from Traditional Chinese Medicine.Finally,the author argues that the medical humanities should be given a“Class-A discipline”status,and narrative medicine should be a class-B discipline under the medical humanities.
文摘European literary criticism was rapidly transformed into literary theory through the United States after Rene Wellek and Austin Warren’s textbook Theory of Literary Theory by Harcourt,Brace and Co.(1949).Within a short period of time,American new criticism,European psychoanalysis,semiotics,structuralism,hermeneutics,deconstructivism,and so on,as well as the western Marxism,feminism,new historicism,post-colonial criticism,and cultural studies,all the critical methods little referenced to postwar Western ideology and Soviet Ideology,and are even known for their profound criticism of some problems in capitalist society.These intuitively scientific or neutral literary theories flourished during the Cold War years that contained the Soviet Union.During this period,“political correctness”not only influenced the direction of social development in the West,but also directly influenced the academic pattern and the development trend of universities at that time,so that“literary criticism”,which was originally only based on personal experience,benefited and became“literary theory”in the discipline and curriculum system.As a result,the discipline of literary theory,which benefited from the Cold War pattern,is often in conflict with the specific literary theory that transcends ideology.However,the Cold War ended with the failure of the Soviet Union and its socialist realism theory system,and the western literary theory unexpectedly gained full legitimacy like Fukuyama’s“the end of history”.In the post-Cold War era,Western literary critics reasonably expanded the controversial theories and this has become the most concerned topic for 30 years.Thus,the international politics of the disguised Western literary theory was highlighted.Such Western literary theory has been generalized in China in the last 40 years,because Chinese academic yet has not understood the difference between theory as discipline and theory as doctrine,even anti-western in recent years.