A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of Lingnan Cultural Promotional Videos on Social Media

In recent years,more and more directors of culture and tourism have taken part in the promotion of local cultural tourism by cross-dressing,talent shows,and pushing their limits on self-media platforms.This study investigates short videos of Lingnan culture promoted by directors general and deputy directors general of the Culture,Radio,Television,Tourism,and Sports Bureau of counties and cities in Guangdong Province on social media by the method of multimodal critical discourse analysis.The analysis of 33 videos shows that Lingnan culture is a domineering and confident culture,historical culture,graceful and elegant culture,and vibrant and active culture.Domineering and confident culture is embedded in the utterances and behaviors of the directors general or deputy directors general in the video.Historical culture is realized through the conversation with historical figures through time travel.Graceful and elegant culture is constructed in the depiction of sceneries and the depiction of characters’manners.Vibrant and active culture is represented in the depiction of the characters’actional process and analytical process.

The Study of Cyber-bullying from the Perspective of Critical Discourse Analysis:A Case Study of Tik Tok Comment Area Language

With the spread of the Internet,cyberbullying can a lso be seen in cyberspace.This will not only destroy our network usage environment,but also affect the harmonious development of society.Due to the lack of attention to the process of cyberbullying,many previous researches have been conducted only in t erms of causes and strategies,and the relationship between cyberbullying and ideology has been overlooked.Therefore,this study collects Tik Tok comments and builds a corpus to study the relationship between cyberbullying and ideology from the perspectiv e of critical discourse analysis.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Cyberbullying Language Based on Text-mining Techniques——A Case Study of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle

With the development of AI,a large amount of cyberbullying language flooded into the Internet.Cyberbullying language damages the online environment and causes mental harm to the victims of online bullying.Many researchers,therefore,have paid much attention to the problem.This study collected online comments targeted at Prince Harry and Meghan Markle as a corpus and then analyzed text data based on Critical Discourse Analysis by using text-mining tools to explore the factors that contribute to the social ideological effects of the cyberbullying language.The research results show that cultural differences,prejudice,or social exclusion due to race or gender form cyberbullying on social media.

Critical Discourse Analysis Based on Halliday’s Systemic Functional Linguistics: Taking The Economist’s First Commentation on the End of China’s Zero-COVID Policy as an Example

Based on Halliday’s systemic functional grammar,especially the ideational function,this research aims at disclosing the hidden ideologies and values of the seemingly objective news reports on China’s COVID-19 policies in The Economist.Transitivity,voice,and nominalization are the major analytical subjects.After China lifted the zero-COVID policy,western media began criticizing China’s lack of data sharing,with some misinformation and misleading reports.The denouncement of inertness and reluctance to fight against the pandemic disclaim the Chinese government’s efforts and depreciate China’s image.China is portrayed as the villain and destroyer of people’s health worldwide.Meanwhile,they also hold a hesitant attitude toward China’s diplomacy.The re-engaging with foreign countries and travel restrictions have been described as imprudent and rushed actions.They also consider China as the fuse of contradiction in the United Nations.What is overt is their view of breaking up China.

Progress and prospect of critical discourse analysis

The present paper reviews the theoretical framework and analytic methods of Critical Discourse Analysis （CDA） and then introduces the latest development of CDA from the perspectives of linguistic anthropology, cognitive linguistics and corpus linguistics. The prospect of CDA is accordingly advanced.

A Chinese Story in the Western Context:A Critical Discourse Analysis of Disney's Mulan

Mulan,the cartoon rewritten by Disney based on the traditional Chinese folklore,won tremendous praises globally.Under the theoretical framework of the three-dimensional model of critical discourse analysis proposed by Norman Fairclough,this research tries to analyze the unique discourse features of Mulan.By the successive analyses of description,interpretation and explanation,this research studies the discourse strategies of Disney movies represented by Mulan,the transmitted ideologies,the causes of the discourse formation and the social effects of the discourse,providing a paradigm for the establishment of Chinese multicultural discourses.

A Corpus-Based Critical Discourse Analysis of Trump and Biden Administrations’China Policies

The theory of proximization is an effective discourse strategy to study the speaker’s ability to achieve his own legitimacy or reinforce the other’s illegitimacy,and its superiority can be maximized by means of quantitative and comparative analysis.In this study,we collected reports on Trump’s and Biden’s policies on China to build two small corpora,with a total of 11,030 words in the Trump corpus and 17,566 words in the Biden corpus.The critical discourse analysis is combined with proximization theory.With the help of BFSU Qualitative Coder 1.2,Antconc 3.5.7,and Log-Likelihood and Chi-Square Calculator 1.0,a critical cognitive score of the relevant discourse was conducted from the perspective of proximization theory.It has been found that:(1)Both Trump and Biden administrations resort to a large number of spatial proximization strategies to build ODCs converging to IDCs with China as the ODC,posing a threat to internal physical IDCs;(2)in the use of temporal proximization strategy,both administrations use primarily modal verbs and various entities to construct ODCs that extend indefinitely into the present and future,emphasizing the urgency and the threat of the effect and reinforcing the legitimacy of their actions;(3)in terms of axiological proximization strategy,the two administrations differ greatly from each other,indicating that there are still discursive biases.

Critical Discourse Analysis of "Leftover Ladies"

In recent years, many new words have emerged in our life, such as "leftover men and ladies." The investigation and reports of the media and the TV series have attracted a great deal of attention. Taking a critical discourse analysis perspective(CDA), this article analyzes textual data from some news reports and interviews related to this heated topic. Norman Fairclough's Discourse and Social Change would provide some theoretical framework for this study. The findings reveal how this concept is constructed and how it influences our society.

Critical Discourse Analysis

This paper is about the discourse analysis and illustrate the approach to analysis the Critical discourses and the discourses about the educational situation of China.And it also includes the condensed theoretical support of the Critical discourse analysis and analysis of the sampleⅠof the discourses between an illiterate person and the literate.

Critical Discourse Analysis--The Slogans in the Protests for George Floyd

Critical discourse methodology is an extremely significant and meaningful branch of systemic functional linguistics which pays more attentions in the formation,diffusion,and acceptability of acertain discourse,and also the investigation on social background;meanwhile it is always used to discuss and pin down those familiar perceptions and ideologies that have been overlooked by the public so that new re-examination can be carried out to dig out some other attractive points.In this paper some basic theoretical basis and methodologies will be explained and then,by applying the critical discourse analysis,the slogans in the protests from Minneapolis to the whole America.Racial discrimination has invariably been a severe social problem for more two centuries in the U.S.A.After the Emancipation Proclamation by Abraham Lincoln,157 years has passed;however this kind of serious social issue still haunts among every American people.Countless protests have happened in the development of America;thus by analyzing the different types of slogans in this recent protest,novel discovery and meaningful retrospect would emerge.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Hedges in Chinese and American Spokespersons’ Remarks at Press Conference

Hedging is a communication strategy frequently used by the spokespersons at the press conference.This thesis intends to find out the ideologies hidden behind those hedges under the guidance of Fairclough’s three-dimensional model.As a research method of linguistics,critical discourse analysis(CDA)aims to reveal the the relationship among language,power and ideology hidden behind the language.This thesis adopts Prince’classification criteria of hedges to identify and count the different types of hedges in the research data selected from Chinese and American government websites.The analysis is conducted at the following three steps:description,interpretation and explanation.The first stage is to recognize and count the hedges in two languages,then to find their similarities and differences and the last step is to find possible reasons for those similarities and differences and the ideologies behind the hedges.Analysis results show that differences in culture values and diplomatic ideology contribute to the different ideologies.

The Media Images of Old Influencers on TikTok:A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis

Drawing on the insights from multimodal critical discourse analysis,this study mainly focuses on two super-gerontic celebrities by selecting 60 videos to elucidate how their images are represented through linguistic(e.g.,captions,and hashtags)and other semiotic resources(e.g.,accessories,semiotic tools,and etc.).The findings suggest that images of the old celebrities are characterized as being attractive,wise,stylish,healthy and young,indicating that they are breaking up the stereotypical images of old people who are unattractive,dependent and senile.The phenomenon of old influencers making themselves visible on the social media suggests that they are moving towards successful aging with the backdrop of aging society in China.This present study suggests that multimodal construction of old celebrities can inform relevant practice to combat ageism in the media and helps to empower the old people in the media discourse.In doing so,the pedagogical implication of present study lies in its education about how we view aging in the aging society.

eacher Power： A Critical Discourse Perspective Department of Fine Arts,Chongqing University of Education

Power relation can be revealed in discourse. Teacher power, to a large extent, is manifested through teacher talk. This paper attempts to provide an analysis of classroom language from a critical discourse perspective as to uncover the power hidden in teacher talk and of how language contributes to teacher power.

The Analysis of Critical Discourse From the Perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics

Critical discourse analysis, with its roots in the critical linguistics of East Anglia, is closely connected with systemic func- tional linguistics. This paper focuses on the relationship between systemic functional linguistics and critical discourse analysis, and illus-trates the future trend and significance of research on critical discourse analysis. Critical discourse analysis is increasingly becoming an a-cademic focus in linguistic field, its combination with other subjects contributes a lot to the social progress.

A Critical Discourse Analysis of Corporate Apologies by United CEO in an Interview from the Perspective of Crisis Management

From the perspective of crisis management,this research is a critical discourse analysis of how United CEO extended corporate apologies to the stakeholders.The analysis of the text,discourse practice,and social practice under Fairclough’s threedimensional framework was conducted to explore apology discourse strategies employed by United CEO.The results revealed the interplay of corporate apology discourse,crisis management and social background and that United CEO’s apologies in the inter⁃view video failed to achieve crisis management.

Analysis on Discourse Construction of HK Riots between HK Protesters and China's Mainland Media Based on Fairclough’s Three-dimensional Framework of Critical Discourse Analysis

The Critical Discourse Analysis(CDA)is an interdisciplinary tool in various conditions,which aims to provide a better understanding of sociocultural aspects of texts and accounts of the production of internal structure,and overall organization of texts as well as to provide a critical dimension in its theoretical and descriptive accounts of texts.Since June last year,HK protests or HK violence have been frequently reported by worldwide media.In this paper,the author aims to find out how the HK protesters and the Mainland media describe the same event based on the three-dimensional framework of CDA.At last,the author concludes that the mainland media generally describe the event as violence and riot while the HK protesters define themselves as warriors striving for more freedom,justice and democracy.Besides,on this event,the Mainland media mainly accuses some western countries of interference into HK affairs,which is undoubtedly of China’s internal affairs,and the media give full support to the HK police in safeguarding the peace and stability of Hong Kong.But from the perspective of HK protesters,they firmly believe that they are using their actions to protect all the people of HK,and they are defending their values such as freedom,democracy and justice.These are two totally different systems of language,and the author also gives its potential reasons in the paper so as to offer some viewpoints in this aspect in combination with the CDA theory.

Who Populates the Visual Landscape of the ELT Coursebooks？： A Photo Analytical Exploration

The aim of this study is to portray and explore the variety of social actors depicted visually along the pages of the intermediate level ELT coursebooks that are published locally （by British and American publishers） and marketed globally （mostly to the EFL contexts）. For this, a thorough photo-ethnographic exploration of the visuals supported by the inventory of ＂social actor interaction network＂ is employed. In the field of Coursebook Analysis, visuals have attracted limited attention despite marking asocio-semiotically rich discursive field. In fact, the semiotic labor division between the ＂word＂ and the ＂image＂ in representing and reconstructing （simulating） the world, points to a gain on the part of the image as the brain is evolutionarily more experienced in processing visual information than processing verbal information. Therefore, images can appeal more directly to the sensory experience domains of the viewers via visual contact, evoking deeper consciousness. Acting as the prominent mediators of signification practice, visuals catalogue the representations and simulations of social-life viewed l^om a particular subject position associated with a particular set of norms, beliefs, and values. Hence, they position the viewers across dynamic loci of subjectivities in terms of social distance, relations, and interaction. As both reflections and reproductions of reality, images in the coursebooks have the potent to influence learners＇ perspectives of the world presenting them with readymade cognitive schemes. In order to reveal a comprehensive picture of the visually depicted social actors and the identity options made available through them, in this study the author focused on the peopled photos of the 6 popularly traded ELT coursebooks. The author investigated them regarding the relations of social distance, involvement, power and interaction formed between the depicted social actors and their viewers as well as the emergent practices of exclusion, role allocation, genericization, specification, assimilation, individualization, and categorization. The results show that the representational repertoires of the coursebooks contain disproportionately distributed visual depictions of social actors in terms of cultural orientation and gender. The ＂culturally different＂ are repeatedly pictured in assimilative ways as an aggregate of enumerable people, while the social actors of the reference group are usually pictured individually and with their own intended meaning.

Contemporary Youth Subcultures： The CDA Approach

In recent years, the cultural studies began to take a linguistic turn. This paper employed the three-dimensioned model of Fairclough, a critical discourse analysis （CDA） approach to explore youth subcultures. The cultural discourse of youth in different periods was examined in terms of discursive strategies, discursive practices, and social practices. The analysis shows that the subcultural groups adopt various discursive strategies to resist mainstream ideologies and construct the subcultural ideology and their collective identity. Meanwhile, their discursive practices build effective interaction mode within the subcultural groups. The examples of subcultures reveal that subcultures often emerge in the time of the social and cultural change and reshape the mainstream ideologies and unreasonable social structure.

Chinese Western Cultural Relations＂ A Critical Analysis

This study, within the theoretical framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, aims to explore how culture represents language, causing cultural differences between the East and the West. With a set of questions, a qualitative method is employed to collect the data in this study. By examining the 189 theoretical studies and investigating cultural and linguistic features, this study will show how culture influences culture and language, while the content analysis is completely excluded due to the limited time and space. The data will be analyzed in light of the critical discourse analysis showing how social subjects are constructed in various discourses with their personal terms. A historical change between the East and the West is the return of the ancient Silk Roads at the early 21st century. Social changes can be seen when studying their cultural relations. Language is easily abstracted from culture. Both claim special reality of what they are. This article clearly explains how the discourse in the Chinese Western cultural relations generally reflects the social practice, the ideology, and power relations in social structures in which various discourses were published at the time of reporting. Finally, English and Chinese belong to two different language families representing linguistic differences. This makes learning English a serious challenge for Chinese native speakers.

Studies on Interdiscursivity

The present paper defines interdiscursivity as the mixing of diverse genres, discourses, or styles in a single text. It also traces the origin of interdiscursivity and takes it as a special kind of intertextuality. Then the paper gives a review of interdiscursivity studies in literary and non-literary fields. The former is usually conducted from the stylistic approach, while the latter from the CDA （critical discourse analysis） approach. The contributions and limitations of the previous studies are also summarized with the purpose of presenting an objective picture of the research. Based upon the detailed review, the paper offers some perspectives for the future research. It is hoped that this will shed some light on our understanding of interdiscursivity.