A Clinical Study of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine in the Treatment of Liver-Stomach Disharmony Functional Dyspepsia

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of liver-stomach disharmony functional dyspepsia.Methods:Sixty patients with functional dyspepsia of liver-stomach disharmony type admitted to our hospital from January to August 2022 were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into two groups,a study group and a control group,with 30 cases in each group.The main observations were stomachache or pain over bilateral flanks,emotionally depressed,belching,fullness and discomfort over the abdomen and flanks,acid regurgitation,loss of appetite,frequent sighing,noisy epigastric,and the treatment effect.Results:According to the classification of symptom severity on the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptom score table,statistics were made on the corresponding severity of the main symptoms and secondary symptoms of the two groups of patients,and the data of the two groups were compared by Wilcoxon test.The results showed that there was no significant difference in the distribution of TCM symptoms between the two groups;the study group’s total effective rate of pain relief(recovery+markedly effective+effective)was 96.67%,and Fisher’s χ^(2) test indicated a significant difference in the total effective rate of pain relief between the two groups(P=0.027<0.05).Conclusion:The use of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine is clearly better than the simple application of western medicine.It is safe and has no side effects.It can be used as a treatment for patients with functional dyspepsia.

Effect of Jianpi Xiaowei Decoction on Gastric Function and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Chronic Atrophic Gastritis of Liver-Stomach Stagnation Heat Type

[Objectives]To observe the effect of Jianpi Xiaowei Decoction on gastric function and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic atrophic gastritis(CAG)of liver-stomach heat stagnation type.[Methods]Seventy-two elderly patients with CAG of liver-stomach stagnation-heat type were randomly divided into study group and control group.The two groups were treated with Jianpi Xiaowei Decoction and Rabeprazole Enteric-coated Tablets respectively.The curative effect of TCM syndromes,serum pepsinogen I and II(PG-I and PG-II),gastrin-17(G-17)and quality of life(SF-36 table)scores of gastric function indicators before and after treatment were observed.[Results]After treatment,the total effective rate of the study group was 97.22%(35/36),which was significantly higher than that of the control group 77.78%(28/36)(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the levels of gastric function indicators between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the indicators of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group(t=12.239,6.010,5.928,10.420,P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in SF-36 scores between the two groups(P>0.05).After treatment,the SF-36 scores in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(t=3.520,10.335,11.300,9.693,P<0.05).[Conclusions]Jianpi Xiaowei Decoction can achieve significant curative effect in the treatment of CAG with liver and stomach stagnation heat type in the elderly,and can significantly improve the key gastrointestinal hormone levels and quality of life of elderly patients.It is worthy of promotion in the same clinical cases.

Multicenter Clinical Randomized Controlled Trial and Network Pharmacology Analysis of Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules for the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules through a clinical randomized controlled trial and to analyze the potential action targets and pathways of this formula using network pharmacology.Methods Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)of liver–stomach stagnant heat pattern who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group.The control group received oral rabeprazole,whereas the observation group were given Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules in addition to the rabeprazole.The treatment duration was 8 weeks.Clinical efficacy was observed in both groups after 8 weeks.Network pharmacology was used to analyze the action targets of ZhenzhuQingyuanGranules and the genes related to GERD,and core targets were inferred.Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were conducted to explore the potential mechanisms of this formula.Results The clinical research results showed that the total effective rate in the treatment group was 92.68%,compared with 70.00%in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(p<0.05).After treatment,both Chinese medicine syndrome score and endoscopic score improved in both groups compared with before treatment(p<0.05),and the treatment group showed greater improvement than the control group(p<0.05).Network pharmacology identified effective components of Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules for treating GERD,including quercetin,luteolin,andβ-sitosterol,with potential action targets such as tumor protein 53(TP53),protein kinase B(AKT1),and tumor necrosis factor.Conclusion Zhenzhu Qingyuan Granules can significantly improve clinical symptoms in patients with GERD of liver–stomach stagnated heat pattern,enhance clinical efficacy,and have high safety.This formula may exert therapeutic effects through multiple targets and pathways.

The relationship between activities of hepatic and gastric alcohol dehydrogenase and occurrence of chronic alcoholic liver disease

Objective: To investigate the role of hepatic and gas-tric alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in different pa-thologic stages of alcoholic liver disease (ALD).Methods: Thirty-nine Wistar rats were divided ran-domly into two groups: model group (24) and con-trol group (15). The ALD model was established byinfusing alcohol into the stomach. After hepatic andgastric tissues had been stained by enzyme histo-cyto-chemistry assay, the activity varieties of hepatic andgastric ADH were observed by an optical micro-scope, and the activity alterations were also deter-mined by LUZEX-F image analysis as a semi-quanti-tative method.Results: The activity of hepatic ADH gradually in-creased, but that of gastric ADH gradually decreasedin the different pathologic stages of alcoholic liverdisease. There was a significant difference betweenthe model group and control group (P【0.05).Conclusions: Along with occurrence of ALD, the ac-tivity of hepatic ADH gradually increased, but thatof gastric ADH gradually decreased, showing thatthe activity alterations of hepatic and gastric ADHmay play an important role in the onset and develop-ment of ALD.

Liver metastasis from hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma: Dynamic computed tomography findings

AIM: To evaluate the dynamic computed tomography(CT) findings of liver metastasis from hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach(HAS) and compared them with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).METHODS: Between January 2000 and January 2015, 8 patients with pathologically proven HAS and liver metastases were enrolled. Basic tumor status was evaluated for the primary tumor location and metastatic sites. The CT findings of the liver metastases were analyzed for tumor number and size, presence of tumor necrosis, hemorrhage, venous tumor thrombosis, and dynamic enhancing pattern.RESULTS: The body and antrum were the most common site for primary HAS(n = 7), and observed metastatic sites included the liver(n = 8), lymph nodes(n = 7), peritoneum(n = 4), and lung(n = 2). Most of the liver metastases exhibited tumor necrosis regardless of tumor size. By contrast, tumor hemorrhage was observed only in liver lesions larger than 5 cm(n = 4). Three patterns of venous tumor thrombosis were identified: direct venous invasion by the primary HAS(n = 1), direct venous invasion by the liver metastases(n = 7), and isolated portal vein tumor thrombosis(n = 2). Dynamic CT revealed arterial hyperattenuation and late phase washout in all the liver metastases.CONCLUSION: On dynamic CT, liver metastasis from HAS shared many imaging similarities with HCC. For liver nodules, the presence of isolated portal vein tumor thrombosis and a tendency for tumor necrosis are imaging clues that suggest the diagnosis of HAS.

Hemobilia and other complications caused by percutaneous ultrasound-guided liver biopsy

Hemobilia accounts for approximately 3%of all major percutaneous liver biopsy complications,and rarely results from arterioportal fistula.We report a patient who suffered from four complications over 11 d after ultrasound-guided percutaneous liver biopsy:hemobilia,acute pancreatitis,acute cholecystitis,and multiple stomach ulcers.Digital subtraction angiography was done after consultation with doctors,and showed obvious arteriovenous fistula of the right liver.The hepatic artery was selected and embolized by spring orbs.The active bleeding was stopped after embolization of the hepatic artery.The patient was discharged home on day 12 after embolization and remained well.

A study protocol of population-based cancer screening cohort study on esophageal,stomach and liver cancer in rural China

Objective:National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China collaborated with many ministries and commissions government and initiated a population-based cancer screening program in high-risk area of rural China,targeting three types of cancer that are most prevalent in these areas,including esophageal,stomach and liver cancer.This study protocol was reported to show the design and evaluate the effectiveness of cancer screening and appropriate screening strategies of three cancers in rural China.Methods and analysis:A two-step design with cancer risk assessment based on questionnaire interview,Hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)test strip and subsequent clinical intervention for high-risk populations was adopted&ee of charge at the local hospitals designated in the program.Ethic and dissemination:This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Cancer Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.The results will evaluate the effectiveness of cancer screening and appropriate screening strategies in rural China.

Expression of Cx genes in liver and stomach of different embryonic stages

AIM To explore the relationship between the rules of Cx gene expression and cellular differentiation in organs of different embryonic stages. METHODS A series of Cx gene serving as molecular probes and the Northern blot hybrydization were employed to study the Cx gene expression. RESULTS Cx31, Cx31 1, Cx46 did not express while other Cx genes expressed in the embryonic liver and stomach. The Cx gene expression in the liver and stomach showed different state at different embryonic stages. The Cx gene expression had organic diversity. The expression of Cx26 gene was overlapping in the above organs. Cx43 did not express in the human liver after birth, but it expressed in the embryonic stage. CONCLUSION The expression state of Cx genes is concordant with cellular differentiation. It might be a key candidate gene to regulate some differentiational events associated with cellular differentiation, proliferation, and morphogenesis in the early embryo.

Use of 1.32-μm and 1.06-μm wavelength lasers for vascular cutting in a porcine model of liver and stomach bleeding

Objective The aim of this study was to analyze and evaluate 1.32-μm and 1.06-μm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG) lasers for use in liver and gastroepiploic vessel vaporization and coagulation. Methods The effects of 1.32-μm and 1.06-μm Nd:YAG lasers were compared for gastroepiploic vessel hemostasis in porcine liver.Results The results were observed and measured under the same parameters and dose conditions. The 1.32-μm laser showed greater vaporization width and depth than the 1.06-μm laser. Both lasers controlled active bleeding. The coagulation band with the 1.32-μm laser was thinner than with the 1.06-μm laser, at nearly 3 mm. After cutting of 1-and 2-mm porcine vessels, no grossly visible bleeding was apparent. Intravascular thrombus was visible under the microscope. The length of vessel thrombosis in the experimental group was 2 mm and the diameter was 2 mm; the control group exhibited thrombi as 2.3–4.9 mm in length. Thrombosis completely blocked the blood vessels.Conclusion The 1.32-μm laser had greater vaporization capability than the 1.06-μm laser and achieved hemostasis requirements for vessels less than 2 mm in diameter.

Research on the Progress of Treating Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease with Modified Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a high-incidence digestive system disease. Western medicine mainly uses drugs such as proton pump inhibitors to inhibit gastric acid secretion, but some patients are accompanied by symptoms such as non-acid reflux and gas reflux, which cannot effectively treat the disease. It is necessary to actively explore other treatment schemes. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of research on gastroesophageal reflux disease, which emphasizes the treatment based on syndrome differentiation as a whole. Through the treatment of various and multi-component TCM prescriptions, the patient’s body condition can be adjusted, and the treatment effect on gastroesophageal reflux disease is reliable, which has obvious therapeutic advantages. To further clarify the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, this study reviewed and analyzed the research progress of the treatment of liver disease with modified prescriptions, and the report is as follows.

Laparoscopic surgery for benign and malign diseases of the digestive system:Indications,limitations,and evidence

The laparoscopic technique was introduced in gastrointestinal surgery in the mid 1980s. Since then, the development of this technique has been extraordinary. Triggered by technical innovations (stapling devices or coagulation/dissecting devices), nowadays any type of gastrointestinal resection has been successfully performed laparoscopically and can be performed laparoscopically dependent on the patient&#x02019;s condition. This summary gives an overview over 30 years of laparoscopic surgery with focus on today&#x02019;s indications and evidence. Main indications remain the more common procedures, e.g., appendectomy, cholecystectomy, bariatric procedures or colorectal resections. For all these indications, the laparoscopic approach has become the gold standard with less perioperative morbidity. Regarding oncological outcome there have been several high-quality randomized controlled trials which demonstrated equivalency between laparoscopic and open colorectal resections. Less common procedures like esophagectomy, oncological gastrectomy, liver and pancreatic resections can be performed successfully as well by an experienced surgeon. However, the evidence for these special indications is poor and a general recommendation cannot be given. In conclusion, laparoscopic surgery has revolutionized the field of gastrointestinal surgery by reducing perioperative morbidity without disregarding surgical principles especially in oncological surgery.

Relationship between phenotypes of cell-function differentiation and pathobiological behavior of gastric carcinomas

AIM: To reveal the correlation between the functional differentiation phenotypes of gastric carcinoma cells and the invasion and metastasis by a new way of cell-function classification.METHODS:Surgically resected specimens of 361 gastric carcinomas(GC) were investigated with enzyme-, mucin-, and tumor-related marker immunohistochemistry. According to the direction of cell-function differentiation, stomach carcinomas were divided into five functionally differentiated types. RESULTS: (1) Absorptive function differentiation type (AFDT): there were 82 (22.7%) patients including 76 (92.7%) aged 45 years. Sixty-nine (84.1%) cases belonged to the intestinal type. Thirty-eight (46.3%) expressed CD44v6 and 9 (13.6%) of 66 male patients developed liver metastasis.The 5-year survival rate of patients in this group (58.5%) was higher than those with the other types (P【0.01). (2) Mucin secreting function differentiation type (MSFDT): 54 (15%) cases. Fifty-three (98.1%) tumors had penetrated the serosa, 12 (22.2%) expressed ER and 22 (40.7%) expressed CD44v6. The postoperative 5-year survival rate was 28.6%. (3) Absorptive and mucin-producing function differentiation type (AMPFDT): there were 180 (49.9%) cases, including 31 (17.2%) aged younger than 45 years. The tumor was more common in women (62, 34.4%,) and expressed more frequently estrogen receptors (ER) (129, 81.7%) than other types (P【0.01). Ovary metastasis was found in 12 (19.4%) out of 62 female subjects. The patients with this type GC had the lowest 5-year survival rate (24.7%) among all types. (4) Specific function differentiation type (SFDT): 13 (3.6%) cases. Nine (69.2%) tumors of this type derived from APUD system, the other 4 (30.7%) were of different histological differentiation. Sixty per cent of the patients survived at least five years. (5) Non-function differentiation type (NFDT): 32 (8.9%) cases. Nineteen (59.4%) cases had lymph node metastases but no one with liver or ovary metastasis. The 5-year survival rate was 28.1%. CONCLUSION: This new cell-function classification of GC is helpful in indicating the characteristics of invasion and metastasis of GC with different cell-function differentiation phenotypes. Further study is needed to disclose the correlation between the cell-functional differentiation phenotypes and the relevant genotypes and the biological behavior of gastric carcinoma.

Chinese Herbal Enema for Treatment of Tumors at the Middle and Late Stage

Since 1994, the Oncologic Department of the Henan Provincial TCM Hospital has used Chinese herbal enema for treatment of tumors at the middle and late stage with satisfactory therapeutic effects. The following are some examples.

Adhesiolysis for Liver Resection in a Patient with a Reconstructed Stomach Tube after Esophagectomy

To our knowledge this is the first report to provide a detailed description of surgical procedure for adhesiolysis and hepatectomy in patients who have undergone esophagectomy and reconstruction. We performed a hepatic resection of the left medial segment in a patient with a reconstructed stomach tube after esophagectomy for the esophageal carcinoma. The reconstructed stomach tube overlapped with the left medial segment of the liver and the hepatoduodenal ligament and was extensively and strongly adhered to them. It is important for clinicians to know how to perform the detachment procedure successfully in order to secure a surgical field for liver resection without damaging the fragile reconstructed gastric tube. In order to avoid vascular injury of the stomach tube, it was decided that detachment around the hepatoduodenal ligament preceded detachment of the stomach tube from the liver. After complete separation of the hepatoduodenal ligament from the stomach tube, the hepatoduodenal ligament was encircled with tape. Subsequently, adhesiolysis was performed between the stomach tube and the liver. Finally, parenchymal transection was performed using the intermittent hepatic inflow occlusion and crush clamping techniques to dissect the parenchyma. The patient was discharged two weeks after surgery without complication.

Treatment of Stomach Disorder Through Liver Qi Regulation

This paper emphasizes the regulation of liver Qi in the treatment of stomach disorders and discussed recipes for the eight types of stomach problems.

IGF2BPs: a family as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in digestive system tumors

The highest morbidity and mortality in the world are attributed to digestive system tumors,such as stomach cancer,liver cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Exploring potential biomarkers is a crucial direction of tumor research.We use bioinformatics methods to explore potential biomarkers of the digestive system.Mining and analyzing data from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis(GEPIA),Kaplan-Meier,cBioPortal,and Metabolic gEne RApid Visualizer(MERAV)to explore the correlation between IGF2BP(insulin-like growth factor-2 mRNA-binding protein)family expression and immune infiltration in digestive system tumors,and further probe the prognostic value of IGF2BP family in digestive system tumors.Esophageal cancer tissues showed a significantly higher expression of IGF2BP2 than normal tissues,while IGF2BP3 was notably more expressed in esophageal cancer,pancreatic cancer,and stomach cancer.In the prognosis evaluation,the IGF2BP1 gene in patients with liver cancer and the IGF2BP2 and IGF2BP3 genes in patients with stomach cancer and liver cancer of the low gene expression level groups were better.Multivariate COX regression analysis further suggested that tumor stage,CD8 positive T cells,macrophages,dendritic cell infiltration,and IGF2BP3 expression were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients with stem cell liver cancer.The IGF2BP family may be a potential marker for immunotherapy and the prognosis of digestive system tumors.

左枳六君汤治疗肝胃不和型幽门螺杆菌阳性慢性胃炎的效果

目的探讨左枳六君汤治疗肝胃不和型幽门螺杆菌(Hp)阳性慢性胃炎的效果。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月江西中医药高等专科学校附属医院(抚州市中医医院)收治的70例慢性胃炎患者(肝胃不和型Hp阳性)作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组(35例)与对照组(35例),观察组采用常规西药四联治疗+左枳六君汤治疗方法,对照组采用常规西药四联治疗方法。比较两组的临床疗效、中医证候积分、Hp根除及复发率、血清生化指标。结果观察组的治疗总有效率(97.15%)、Hp根除率(94.28%)均高于对照组(82.85%、77.14%),Hp复发率(2.86%)低于对照组(17.14%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的中医证候积分低于对照组,血清胃泌素、胃动素水平均高于对照组,炎症因子(C反应蛋白、白介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α)水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在基础对症治疗上,将左枳六君汤引入肝胃不和型Hp阳性慢性胃炎患者的治疗中,能够提升临床综合治疗效果,作用显著,推荐参考使用。

基于胃不和则卧不安探讨Hp相关慢性胃炎对患者睡眠的影响

目的探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)相关慢性胃炎对患者睡眠的影响及具体表现形式。方法通过问卷调查,对比分析Hp相关慢性胃炎及非Hp相关慢性胃炎患者睡眠的具体特点。结果Hp相关慢性胃炎男性患者总体睡眠显著优于非Hp相关慢性胃炎男性患者及Hp相关慢性胃炎女性患者,明显较非Hp相关慢性胃炎男性患者睡眠质量好、睡眠时间长、睡眠效率高,明显较Hp相关慢性胃炎女性患者睡眠质量好、入睡时间短、睡眠效率高、睡眠障碍少、催眠药物使用少(P<0.05);Hp相关慢性胃炎男性患者较Hp相关慢性胃炎女性患者明显更少出现夜间易醒或早醒、呼吸不畅、感觉冷、做噩梦及其他影响睡眠的事情,更易咳嗽或鼾声高(P<0.05);Hp相关慢性胃炎女性患者催眠药物使用显著多于非Hp相关慢性胃炎女性患者,咳嗽或鼾声高显著多于非Hp相关慢性胃炎女性患者(P<0.05)。结论Hp相关慢性胃炎患者常有睡眠异常且具有一定的性别差异。

肝胃不和胃脘痛辨治经验

胃脘痛包括现代医学的各种急慢性胃炎和消化性溃疡,是消化系统常见病、多发病。在中医学藏象学说和病因病机理论中,肝胃不和是导致胃脘痛发作的主要病机之一,若肝的疏泄功能失职,导致气滞、气郁、化火、克脾等皆可直接或间接影响胃之通降,形成肝病及胃或肝胃同病,均可导致胃脘痛。笔者根据肝胃不和的临床表现将肝胃不和病机归纳总结为肝气郁结、胃失和降,肝郁化火、肝胃郁热,肝郁气滞、肝胃阴虚,肝胃气滞、气滞血瘀,肝郁脾虚、胃失和降,胆胃不和、气逆不降,胆胃郁热、痰湿中阻7个证型。现就肝胃不和辨证和治法方药进行梳理分析,以期对临床辨治胃脘痛有一定的借鉴。

加味左金丸治疗肝胃郁热型功能性消化不良临床疗效及对相关激素水平的影响

目的观察加味左金丸治疗肝胃郁热型功能性消化不良的临床疗效及对相关激素水平的影响。方法研究纳入南京市中西医结合医院脾胃病科门诊治疗的120例肝胃郁热型功能性消化不良患者(2021年1月—2023年1月),将患者以随机数字表法分为对照组(60例)与治疗组(60例),给予对照组患者多潘立酮片治疗,给予治疗组患者多潘立酮片结合加味左金丸治疗,各组患者临床数据观察:临床治疗效果、治疗前后中医证候(上腹痛、餐后饱胀、上腹烧灼感、嗳气等)积分变化、上腹痛、餐后饱胀、上腹烧灼感、嗳气等证候改善时间、治疗前后患者胃泌素与胃动素水平变化、血清白介素-6(interleukin 6,IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)水平变化、尼平消化不良指数(nephrology dialysis transplantation, NDT)及生活质量量表(short form 36 questionnaire, SF-36)评分变化、不良反应。结果治疗组患者治疗总有效率比对照组高[95.00%(57/60)vs 83.33%(50/60)](P<0.05);治疗组患者上腹痛、餐后饱胀、上腹烧灼感、嗳气等证候改善时间均短于对照组患者(P<0.05);治疗前各组患者中医证候(上腹痛、餐后饱胀、上腹烧灼感、嗳气等)积分、胃泌素与胃动素水平、IL-6及TNF-α水平、NDT及SF-36评分比较(P>0.05),治疗后各组患者中医证候(上腹痛、餐后饱胀、上腹烧灼感、嗳气等)积分、胃泌素与胃动素水平、IL-6及TNF-α水平、NDT及SF-36评分均改善,治疗组患者治疗后中医证候(上腹痛、餐后饱胀、上腹烧灼感、嗳气等)积分、胃泌素与胃动素水平、IL-6及TNF-α水平、NDT及SF-36评分均优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组患者不良反应与对照组不良反应均较少(P>0.05)。结论加味左金丸治疗肝胃郁热型功能性消化不良的临床疗效显著,可较好改善患者胃肠功能,促进患者更快恢复健康,且患者生活质量提升,治疗不良反应少,安全可靠。