准确计算户内变电站大型、复杂的噪声场分布,进而评价可采用降噪措施的减噪效果,是解决户内变电站噪声污染的关键问题。为此,综合声学有限元法(finite element method,FEM)求解复杂声场收敛性好及精度高的优点,及声学边界元法(boundary ...准确计算户内变电站大型、复杂的噪声场分布,进而评价可采用降噪措施的减噪效果,是解决户内变电站噪声污染的关键问题。为此,综合声学有限元法(finite element method,FEM)求解复杂声场收敛性好及精度高的优点,及声学边界元法(boundary element method,BEM)降维求解大型声场的优势,提出了一种基于声学FEM-BEM的户内变电站噪声场求解算法。首先,建立变电站内部声源声固耦合模型,采用声学FEM求解混响噪声作用下的声固耦合响应;然后,基于声学FEM-BEM耦合理论,求解内、外耦合边界处结构单元受声固耦合激励产生的位移及应力载荷;最后,根据声压及应力载荷激发的外场声波扩散模型,基于常规Gauss数值积分法,建立外部空间声域2维BEM声学积分方程,求解外部声场。该算法在湖南某110 kV户内变电站噪声场的求解分析中得到了成功应用,与实测值的相对误差为3.61%~4.87%。展开更多
碎屑流是我国山区最危险的地质灾害之一,山区桥墩常受到碎屑流冲击而开裂、倾斜甚至倒塌,给山区桥梁建设、运营带来严重的安全隐患。采用离散元方法(discrete element method,DEM)和有限元方法(finite element method,FEM)耦合的三维数...碎屑流是我国山区最危险的地质灾害之一,山区桥墩常受到碎屑流冲击而开裂、倾斜甚至倒塌,给山区桥梁建设、运营带来严重的安全隐患。采用离散元方法(discrete element method,DEM)和有限元方法(finite element method,FEM)耦合的三维数值模拟方法模拟了碎屑流对双柱式桥墩的冲击效应,并结合斜槽试验,验证了耦合方法的准确性,进一步分析了碎屑流冲击坡度、距离和体积密度对桥墩冲击力的影响规律。结果表明,最大冲击力与碎屑流冲击坡度、距离和体积密度分别呈幂函数(指数大于1)、幂函数(指数小于1)和线性正相关。冲击坡度、距离和体积密度对最大冲击力的敏感度值分别为3.012、0.202、0.804,在桥梁碎屑流灾害防治时需重视冲击坡度和体积密度的影响。将冲击力的数值模拟值与流体动力学模型预测值对比分析表明,流体动力学模型理论公式能较好地预测桥墩所受的最大冲击力,最大预测误差低于23.6%。相关研究结果可为山区桥梁碎屑流灾害防治与设计提供一定的参考依据。展开更多
针对飞机典型部位在遭到高速破片攻击后结构整体的战伤状态及破片的剩余行为开展数值模拟。应用LS-DYNA软件,结合有限单元方法(finite element method,FEM)和光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)两者的优势,建立...针对飞机典型部位在遭到高速破片攻击后结构整体的战伤状态及破片的剩余行为开展数值模拟。应用LS-DYNA软件,结合有限单元方法(finite element method,FEM)和光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)两者的优势,建立自适应的FEM-SPH耦合模拟方法,并构建2种飞机典型部位的计算模型,采用六面体网格局部细化方法实现了核心位置的精确模拟,并进行试验来验证数值模型;开展了一系列高速冲击战伤模拟,对比了不同工况下破片高速冲击结构后形成的碎片云和破口形貌,并对破片的剩余速度和质量进行分析,确定了破片在结构蒙皮上的临界跳飞角。结果表明:自适应FEM-SPH耦合算法的计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,能够对破片高速冲击战伤进行有效准确模拟;碎片云分布形状随破片速度增加变得狭长,冲击角度会改变碎片云和结构破口形状朝向;碎片云高度和扩散速度随破片速度或角度的变化趋势基本一致并都呈线性关系;破片的速度减少量不随初始速度变化,质量减少量则与冲击速度正相关,两者与冲击角度都负相关;破片临界跳飞角与冲击速度大小基本呈线性关系。展开更多
The paper considers application of artificial neural networks(ANNs)for fast numerical evaluation of a residual impactor velocity for a family of perforated PMMA(Polymethylmethacrylate)targets.The ANN models were train...The paper considers application of artificial neural networks(ANNs)for fast numerical evaluation of a residual impactor velocity for a family of perforated PMMA(Polymethylmethacrylate)targets.The ANN models were trained using sets of numerical results on impact of PMMA plates obtained via dynamic FEM coupled with incubation time fracture criterion.The developed approach makes it possible to evaluate the impact strength of a particular target configuration without complicated FEM calculations which require considerable computational resources.Moreover,it is shown that the ANN models are able to predict results for the configurations which cannot be processed using the developed FEM routine due to numerical instabilities and errors:the trained neural network uses information from successful computations to obtain results for the problematic cases.A simple static problem of a perforated plate deformation is discussed prior to the impact problem and preferable ANN architectures are presented for both problems.Some insight into the perforation pattern optimization using a genetic algorithm coupled with the ANN is also made and optimized perforation patterns which theoretically enhance the target impact strength are constructed.展开更多
泥石流是我国西南山区常见的地质灾害。架空输电杆塔在泥石流的冲击下往往发生基础破坏甚至会造成杆塔倒塌。首先采用光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,简称SPH)方法和有限元方法(finite element method,简称FEM)相...泥石流是我国西南山区常见的地质灾害。架空输电杆塔在泥石流的冲击下往往发生基础破坏甚至会造成杆塔倒塌。首先采用光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,简称SPH)方法和有限元方法(finite element method,简称FEM)相耦合的三维数值方法模拟了泥石流对杆塔基础的冲击作用;在与相关模型试验结果验证的基础上,开展了不同泥石流密度、黏度系数及初始速度条件下对输电塔基础的冲击力作用的参数分析;研究结果表明:随着泥石流初始速度的增加,冲击力峰值会随之增大;前排基础的冲击力峰值均大于后排基础;泥石流冲击过程特性受到泥石流密度和黏度系数影响。与稀性泥石流相比:黏性泥石流冲击基础后,基础下游真空区相对要小;此外,将数值模拟结果与Kwan冲击力公式及铁二院推荐的冲击压力设计公式预测值进行对比分析可以发现:Kwan冲击力公式能较好地预测出基础所受泥石流冲击力的平均趋势,最大预测误差低于30%,铁二院公式预测的稀性和黏性泥石流的冲击压力平均偏低分别约17%和28%。相关研究结果有望为泥石流频发区域输电塔基础的设计和风险评估提供一定的参考依据。展开更多
This paper presents a series of monotonically combined lateral loading tests to investigate the bearing capacity of the MSCs （modified suction caissons） in the saturated marine fine sand. The lateral loads were appl...This paper presents a series of monotonically combined lateral loading tests to investigate the bearing capacity of the MSCs （modified suction caissons） in the saturated marine fine sand. The lateral loads were applied under load- and displacement-controlled methods at the loading eccentricity ratios of 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5. Results show that, in the displacement-controlled test, the deflection-softening behavior of load-deflection curves for MSCs was observed, and the softening degree of the load-deflection response increased with the increasing external skirt length or the decreasing loading eccentricity. It was also found that the rotation center of the MSC at failure determined by the load-controlled method is slightly lower than that by the displacement-controlled method. The calculated MSC capacity based on the rotation center position in serviceability limit state is relatively conservative, compared with the calculated capacity based on the rotation center position in the ultimate limit state. In the limit state, the passive earth pressures opposite the loading direction under load- and displacement-controlled methods decrease by 46% and 74% corresponding to peak values, respectively; however, the passive earth pressures in the loading direction at failure only decrease by approximately 3% and 7%, compared with their peak values.展开更多
通过设计开展静爆实验,对土中浅埋爆炸成坑效应及影响因素进行研究。基于所获取的静爆试验数据,建立SPH-FEM数值模型,对土中浅埋爆炸过程及爆坑参数进行分析,验证SPH-FEM方法模拟土中浅埋爆炸的有效性。进一步通过数值计算对比,讨论了SP...通过设计开展静爆实验,对土中浅埋爆炸成坑效应及影响因素进行研究。基于所获取的静爆试验数据,建立SPH-FEM数值模型,对土中浅埋爆炸过程及爆坑参数进行分析,验证SPH-FEM方法模拟土中浅埋爆炸的有效性。进一步通过数值计算对比,讨论了SPH-FEM方法与ALE方法在土中爆炸数值模拟过程中的异同、爆坑半径与炸药埋设深度的关系以及炸药量与爆坑体积的关系,并通过数学拟合得到了9.35 kg TNT条件下,炸药埋设深度与爆坑半径的经验曲线公式。研究表明:SPH-FEM方法较ALE方法模拟土中浅埋爆炸更加精细且计算效率更高。所建立的炸药埋设深度与爆坑半径的经验曲线公式可以有效预测浅埋爆炸的爆坑半径,且随着炸药埋设深度的增加,爆坑半径将先随之增大到峰值,之后爆坑半径将会随炸药埋设深度的增加而迅速减小。展开更多
文摘准确计算户内变电站大型、复杂的噪声场分布,进而评价可采用降噪措施的减噪效果,是解决户内变电站噪声污染的关键问题。为此,综合声学有限元法(finite element method,FEM)求解复杂声场收敛性好及精度高的优点,及声学边界元法(boundary element method,BEM)降维求解大型声场的优势,提出了一种基于声学FEM-BEM的户内变电站噪声场求解算法。首先,建立变电站内部声源声固耦合模型,采用声学FEM求解混响噪声作用下的声固耦合响应;然后,基于声学FEM-BEM耦合理论,求解内、外耦合边界处结构单元受声固耦合激励产生的位移及应力载荷;最后,根据声压及应力载荷激发的外场声波扩散模型,基于常规Gauss数值积分法,建立外部空间声域2维BEM声学积分方程,求解外部声场。该算法在湖南某110 kV户内变电站噪声场的求解分析中得到了成功应用,与实测值的相对误差为3.61%~4.87%。
文摘碎屑流是我国山区最危险的地质灾害之一,山区桥墩常受到碎屑流冲击而开裂、倾斜甚至倒塌,给山区桥梁建设、运营带来严重的安全隐患。采用离散元方法(discrete element method,DEM)和有限元方法(finite element method,FEM)耦合的三维数值模拟方法模拟了碎屑流对双柱式桥墩的冲击效应,并结合斜槽试验,验证了耦合方法的准确性,进一步分析了碎屑流冲击坡度、距离和体积密度对桥墩冲击力的影响规律。结果表明,最大冲击力与碎屑流冲击坡度、距离和体积密度分别呈幂函数(指数大于1)、幂函数(指数小于1)和线性正相关。冲击坡度、距离和体积密度对最大冲击力的敏感度值分别为3.012、0.202、0.804,在桥梁碎屑流灾害防治时需重视冲击坡度和体积密度的影响。将冲击力的数值模拟值与流体动力学模型预测值对比分析表明,流体动力学模型理论公式能较好地预测桥墩所受的最大冲击力,最大预测误差低于23.6%。相关研究结果可为山区桥梁碎屑流灾害防治与设计提供一定的参考依据。
文摘针对飞机典型部位在遭到高速破片攻击后结构整体的战伤状态及破片的剩余行为开展数值模拟。应用LS-DYNA软件,结合有限单元方法(finite element method,FEM)和光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,SPH)两者的优势,建立自适应的FEM-SPH耦合模拟方法,并构建2种飞机典型部位的计算模型,采用六面体网格局部细化方法实现了核心位置的精确模拟,并进行试验来验证数值模型;开展了一系列高速冲击战伤模拟,对比了不同工况下破片高速冲击结构后形成的碎片云和破口形貌,并对破片的剩余速度和质量进行分析,确定了破片在结构蒙皮上的临界跳飞角。结果表明:自适应FEM-SPH耦合算法的计算结果与试验结果吻合良好,能够对破片高速冲击战伤进行有效准确模拟;碎片云分布形状随破片速度增加变得狭长,冲击角度会改变碎片云和结构破口形状朝向;碎片云高度和扩散速度随破片速度或角度的变化趋势基本一致并都呈线性关系;破片的速度减少量不随初始速度变化,质量减少量则与冲击速度正相关,两者与冲击角度都负相关;破片临界跳飞角与冲击速度大小基本呈线性关系。
基金Russian Science Foundation[grant number 22-71-10019].
文摘The paper considers application of artificial neural networks(ANNs)for fast numerical evaluation of a residual impactor velocity for a family of perforated PMMA(Polymethylmethacrylate)targets.The ANN models were trained using sets of numerical results on impact of PMMA plates obtained via dynamic FEM coupled with incubation time fracture criterion.The developed approach makes it possible to evaluate the impact strength of a particular target configuration without complicated FEM calculations which require considerable computational resources.Moreover,it is shown that the ANN models are able to predict results for the configurations which cannot be processed using the developed FEM routine due to numerical instabilities and errors:the trained neural network uses information from successful computations to obtain results for the problematic cases.A simple static problem of a perforated plate deformation is discussed prior to the impact problem and preferable ANN architectures are presented for both problems.Some insight into the perforation pattern optimization using a genetic algorithm coupled with the ANN is also made and optimized perforation patterns which theoretically enhance the target impact strength are constructed.
文摘泥石流是我国西南山区常见的地质灾害。架空输电杆塔在泥石流的冲击下往往发生基础破坏甚至会造成杆塔倒塌。首先采用光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics,简称SPH)方法和有限元方法(finite element method,简称FEM)相耦合的三维数值方法模拟了泥石流对杆塔基础的冲击作用;在与相关模型试验结果验证的基础上,开展了不同泥石流密度、黏度系数及初始速度条件下对输电塔基础的冲击力作用的参数分析;研究结果表明:随着泥石流初始速度的增加,冲击力峰值会随之增大;前排基础的冲击力峰值均大于后排基础;泥石流冲击过程特性受到泥石流密度和黏度系数影响。与稀性泥石流相比:黏性泥石流冲击基础后,基础下游真空区相对要小;此外,将数值模拟结果与Kwan冲击力公式及铁二院推荐的冲击压力设计公式预测值进行对比分析可以发现:Kwan冲击力公式能较好地预测出基础所受泥石流冲击力的平均趋势,最大预测误差低于30%,铁二院公式预测的稀性和黏性泥石流的冲击压力平均偏低分别约17%和28%。相关研究结果有望为泥石流频发区域输电塔基础的设计和风险评估提供一定的参考依据。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51379118 and 51639002)SDUST Scientific Found(Grant No.2015KYTD104)
文摘This paper presents a series of monotonically combined lateral loading tests to investigate the bearing capacity of the MSCs （modified suction caissons） in the saturated marine fine sand. The lateral loads were applied under load- and displacement-controlled methods at the loading eccentricity ratios of 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5. Results show that, in the displacement-controlled test, the deflection-softening behavior of load-deflection curves for MSCs was observed, and the softening degree of the load-deflection response increased with the increasing external skirt length or the decreasing loading eccentricity. It was also found that the rotation center of the MSC at failure determined by the load-controlled method is slightly lower than that by the displacement-controlled method. The calculated MSC capacity based on the rotation center position in serviceability limit state is relatively conservative, compared with the calculated capacity based on the rotation center position in the ultimate limit state. In the limit state, the passive earth pressures opposite the loading direction under load- and displacement-controlled methods decrease by 46% and 74% corresponding to peak values, respectively; however, the passive earth pressures in the loading direction at failure only decrease by approximately 3% and 7%, compared with their peak values.
文摘通过设计开展静爆实验,对土中浅埋爆炸成坑效应及影响因素进行研究。基于所获取的静爆试验数据,建立SPH-FEM数值模型,对土中浅埋爆炸过程及爆坑参数进行分析,验证SPH-FEM方法模拟土中浅埋爆炸的有效性。进一步通过数值计算对比,讨论了SPH-FEM方法与ALE方法在土中爆炸数值模拟过程中的异同、爆坑半径与炸药埋设深度的关系以及炸药量与爆坑体积的关系,并通过数学拟合得到了9.35 kg TNT条件下,炸药埋设深度与爆坑半径的经验曲线公式。研究表明:SPH-FEM方法较ALE方法模拟土中浅埋爆炸更加精细且计算效率更高。所建立的炸药埋设深度与爆坑半径的经验曲线公式可以有效预测浅埋爆炸的爆坑半径,且随着炸药埋设深度的增加,爆坑半径将先随之增大到峰值,之后爆坑半径将会随炸药埋设深度的增加而迅速减小。
