Comparison and data analysis with the similarity measures and entropy for fuzzy sets were carried out. The distance proportional value between the fuzzy set and the corresponding crisp set was considered by the fuzzy ...Comparison and data analysis with the similarity measures and entropy for fuzzy sets were carried out. The distance proportional value between the fuzzy set and the corresponding crisp set was considered by the fuzzy entropy. The relation between the similarity measure and the entropy for fuzzy set was also analyzed. The fuzzy entropy was reformulated as the dissimilarity measure. Furthermore, crisp set having the minimum uncertainty with respect to the corresponding fuzzy set was also proposed. Finally, derivation of a similarity measure from entropy with the help of total information property was derived. A simple example shows the relation between similarity measure and fuzzy entropy, in which the summation of similarity measure and fuzzy entropy represents a constant value.展开更多
A quantitative scheme is put forward in our work of forecasting the storm rainfall of typhoons for specific sites.Using the initial parameters,weather situations and physical quantities as well as numerical weather pr...A quantitative scheme is put forward in our work of forecasting the storm rainfall of typhoons for specific sites.Using the initial parameters,weather situations and physical quantities as well as numerical weather prediction products,the scheme constructs multivariate,objective and similarity criteria for environmental factors for the time between the current and forthcoming moment within the domain of forecast.Through defining a non-linear similarity index,this work presents a comprehensive assessment of the similarity between historical samples of typhoons and those being forecast in terms of continuous dynamic states under the multivariate criteria in order to identify similar samples.The historical rainfall records of the similar samples are used to run weighted summarization of the similarity index to determine site-specific and quantitative forecasts of future typhoon rainfall.Samples resembling the typhoon being forecast are selected by defining a non-linear similarity index composed of multiple criteria.Trial tests have demonstrated that this scheme has positive prediction skill.展开更多
The degree of spatial similarity plays an important role in map generalization, yet there has been no quantitative research into it. To fill this gap, this study first defines map scale change and spatial similarity d...The degree of spatial similarity plays an important role in map generalization, yet there has been no quantitative research into it. To fill this gap, this study first defines map scale change and spatial similarity degree/relation in multi-scale map spaces and then proposes a model for calculating the degree of spatial similarity between a point cloud at one scale and its gener- alized counterpart at another scale. After validation, the new model features 16 points with map scale change as the x coordinate and the degree of spatial similarity as the y coordinate. Finally, using an application for curve fitting, the model achieves an empirical formula that can calculate the degree of spatial similarity using map scale change as the sole independent variable, and vice versa. This formula can be used to automate algorithms for point feature generalization and to determine when to terminate them during the generalization.展开更多
目的采用一测多评(QAMS)法同时测定法制半夏曲中肌苷、鸟苷、腺苷等11种成分含量,并建立其灰色关联度分析(GRA)联合熵权逼近理想解排序分析法(EW-TOPSIS)综合质量评价方法。方法采用Shimadzu C 18色谱柱;乙腈-0.5%醋酸为流动相,梯度洗脱...目的采用一测多评(QAMS)法同时测定法制半夏曲中肌苷、鸟苷、腺苷等11种成分含量,并建立其灰色关联度分析(GRA)联合熵权逼近理想解排序分析法(EW-TOPSIS)综合质量评价方法。方法采用Shimadzu C 18色谱柱;乙腈-0.5%醋酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min-1;检测波长254和290 nm。以对甲氧基肉桂酸乙酯为内参比物质,计算其他10个成分的相对校正因子(RCF),测定各成分含量。采用GRA联合EW-TOPSIS模型对法制半夏曲进行综合质量评价。结果法制半夏曲中11种成分在一定浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均>0.999;平均加样回收率96.94%~100.12%(RSD<2.0%,n=9);QAMS与外标法(ESM)实测值无明显差异。GRA模型相对关联度0.2903~0.6187,EW-TOPSIS模型相对接近度0.2114~0.6343;GRA和EW-TOPSIS模型综合评价结果基本一致。结论QAMS法便捷、准确,可用于法制半夏曲多指标成分定量控制,GRA联合EW-TOPSIS模型可用于法制半夏曲综合质量评价。展开更多
对装备中具体故障进行可诊断性评估,可以量化地表明故障被诊断的难易程度。针对故障可诊断性评价方法中存在的不客观及度量方法选择不恰当的问题,提出一种基于动态时间规整(Dynamic Time Warping,DTW)的时序距离度量方法。定义可诊断性...对装备中具体故障进行可诊断性评估,可以量化地表明故障被诊断的难易程度。针对故障可诊断性评价方法中存在的不客观及度量方法选择不恰当的问题,提出一种基于动态时间规整(Dynamic Time Warping,DTW)的时序距离度量方法。定义可诊断性评估模型,从实际系统中抽取系统的结构、信号、测试、故障模式4种要素,为故障可诊断性评估工作的开展打下基础。摒弃传统的从信号中提取特征进行相似性度量的做法,将信号看做时序序列,基于DTW方法衡量不同状态下各信号之间的相似程度,作为故障可诊断性的评估依据。使用动量轮系统对新方法进行仿真实验,仿真结果表明新方法在进行可诊断性评估方面具有客观性和有效性。展开更多
目的 建立一测多评法(quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single marker, QAMS)与HPLC指纹图谱及化学计量分析相结合的方法对滇重楼及其近缘种的质量进行评价。方法 建立滇重楼及其近缘种的指纹图谱并进行相似度分析、聚...目的 建立一测多评法(quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single marker, QAMS)与HPLC指纹图谱及化学计量分析相结合的方法对滇重楼及其近缘种的质量进行评价。方法 建立滇重楼及其近缘种的指纹图谱并进行相似度分析、聚类分析(cluster analysis, CA)以及主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)。以重楼皂苷VII为内标,建立重楼皂苷II、重楼皂苷III、重楼皂苷VI、重楼皂苷I、重楼皂苷H、重楼皂苷D、伪原薯蓣皂苷的相对校正因子,并考察QAMS的可行性。色谱条件:采用Agilent ZORBAX SB C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250.0 mm, 5μm);乙腈(A)和水(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速0.8 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长203 nm;进样量5μL。结果 建立了不同种重楼样品的指纹图谱,相似度分析显示不同种重楼样品的相似度介于0.646~0.913,表明不同种重楼间的化学成分及含量差异性较大;以重楼皂苷VII为内标,所建立的滇重楼QAMS含量测定方法,与外标法(external standard method, ESM)得到的结果进行比较无显著差异,确定了QAMS在含量测定中的可行性,将QAMS应用于滇重楼近缘种的含量测定,只有长柱重楼的全部样品(CZCL01~04)和TCCL03符合《中华人民共和国药典》的质控标准;进一步以重楼样品中的8个皂苷类成分的峰面积作为变量进行聚类分析和主成分分析,聚类分析结果显示滇重楼及其近缘种样品可以聚为4类,长柱重楼、大理重楼和腾冲重楼均可自成一类,其余种重楼无法进行区分。主成分分析中46批重楼样品大体可以分为5类,大理重楼、长柱重楼、腾冲重楼各为一类,大部分滇重楼为一类,毛重楼、矮重楼、独龙重楼样品在主成分分析中无分类趋势。结论 QAMS与指纹图谱及化学计量分析相结合的方法可以完成对滇重楼及其近缘种中8种皂苷类成分的同时快速定量。并对其质量进行评价。实验建立的分析方法准确可行,可以在保护中药资源、节省时间的前提下对滇重楼及其近缘种样品的质量进行综合评价。展开更多
目的:建立甜瓜蒂 HPLC 数字化指纹图谱。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法,使用 Century SIL C_(18)BDS 柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm),以0.1%磷酸(含2mg·mL^(-1)庚烷磺酸钠)-乙腈(含0.1%磷酸)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min^(-1)...目的:建立甜瓜蒂 HPLC 数字化指纹图谱。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法,使用 Century SIL C_(18)BDS 柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm),以0.1%磷酸(含2mg·mL^(-1)庚烷磺酸钠)-乙腈(含0.1%磷酸)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min^(-1),检测波长228nm,柱温(30.0±0.15)℃,进样量5μL。以色谱指纹图谱指数(F)、色谱指纹图谱信息量指数(I)、投影含量相似度(C)和定量相似度(P)等数字化指标,定性、定量评价了不同产地甜瓜蒂药材质量。结果:以葫芦素 B 为参照物峰,通过测定10批药材指纹图谱确定20个共有峰,建立了甜瓜蒂 HPLC 数字化指纹图谱。结论:所建立的指纹图谱具有较好的精密度和重现性,可作为甜瓜蒂药材质量控制和真伪鉴别的依据。展开更多
基金Project(2010-0020163) supported by Priority Research Centers Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology, Korea
文摘Comparison and data analysis with the similarity measures and entropy for fuzzy sets were carried out. The distance proportional value between the fuzzy set and the corresponding crisp set was considered by the fuzzy entropy. The relation between the similarity measure and the entropy for fuzzy set was also analyzed. The fuzzy entropy was reformulated as the dissimilarity measure. Furthermore, crisp set having the minimum uncertainty with respect to the corresponding fuzzy set was also proposed. Finally, derivation of a similarity measure from entropy with the help of total information property was derived. A simple example shows the relation between similarity measure and fuzzy entropy, in which the summation of similarity measure and fuzzy entropy represents a constant value.
基金Specialized Research Project for Social Welfare from Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2005DIB3J104)Science and Technology Planning Project for Zhejiang Province (2007C23065)
文摘A quantitative scheme is put forward in our work of forecasting the storm rainfall of typhoons for specific sites.Using the initial parameters,weather situations and physical quantities as well as numerical weather prediction products,the scheme constructs multivariate,objective and similarity criteria for environmental factors for the time between the current and forthcoming moment within the domain of forecast.Through defining a non-linear similarity index,this work presents a comprehensive assessment of the similarity between historical samples of typhoons and those being forecast in terms of continuous dynamic states under the multivariate criteria in order to identify similar samples.The historical rainfall records of the similar samples are used to run weighted summarization of the similarity index to determine site-specific and quantitative forecasts of future typhoon rainfall.Samples resembling the typhoon being forecast are selected by defining a non-linear similarity index composed of multiple criteria.Trial tests have demonstrated that this scheme has positive prediction skill.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation Committee,China(41364001,41371435)
文摘The degree of spatial similarity plays an important role in map generalization, yet there has been no quantitative research into it. To fill this gap, this study first defines map scale change and spatial similarity degree/relation in multi-scale map spaces and then proposes a model for calculating the degree of spatial similarity between a point cloud at one scale and its gener- alized counterpart at another scale. After validation, the new model features 16 points with map scale change as the x coordinate and the degree of spatial similarity as the y coordinate. Finally, using an application for curve fitting, the model achieves an empirical formula that can calculate the degree of spatial similarity using map scale change as the sole independent variable, and vice versa. This formula can be used to automate algorithms for point feature generalization and to determine when to terminate them during the generalization.
文摘目的采用一测多评(QAMS)法同时测定法制半夏曲中肌苷、鸟苷、腺苷等11种成分含量,并建立其灰色关联度分析(GRA)联合熵权逼近理想解排序分析法(EW-TOPSIS)综合质量评价方法。方法采用Shimadzu C 18色谱柱;乙腈-0.5%醋酸为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min-1;检测波长254和290 nm。以对甲氧基肉桂酸乙酯为内参比物质,计算其他10个成分的相对校正因子(RCF),测定各成分含量。采用GRA联合EW-TOPSIS模型对法制半夏曲进行综合质量评价。结果法制半夏曲中11种成分在一定浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均>0.999;平均加样回收率96.94%~100.12%(RSD<2.0%,n=9);QAMS与外标法(ESM)实测值无明显差异。GRA模型相对关联度0.2903~0.6187,EW-TOPSIS模型相对接近度0.2114~0.6343;GRA和EW-TOPSIS模型综合评价结果基本一致。结论QAMS法便捷、准确,可用于法制半夏曲多指标成分定量控制,GRA联合EW-TOPSIS模型可用于法制半夏曲综合质量评价。
文摘对装备中具体故障进行可诊断性评估,可以量化地表明故障被诊断的难易程度。针对故障可诊断性评价方法中存在的不客观及度量方法选择不恰当的问题,提出一种基于动态时间规整(Dynamic Time Warping,DTW)的时序距离度量方法。定义可诊断性评估模型,从实际系统中抽取系统的结构、信号、测试、故障模式4种要素,为故障可诊断性评估工作的开展打下基础。摒弃传统的从信号中提取特征进行相似性度量的做法,将信号看做时序序列,基于DTW方法衡量不同状态下各信号之间的相似程度,作为故障可诊断性的评估依据。使用动量轮系统对新方法进行仿真实验,仿真结果表明新方法在进行可诊断性评估方面具有客观性和有效性。
文摘目的 建立一测多评法(quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single marker, QAMS)与HPLC指纹图谱及化学计量分析相结合的方法对滇重楼及其近缘种的质量进行评价。方法 建立滇重楼及其近缘种的指纹图谱并进行相似度分析、聚类分析(cluster analysis, CA)以及主成分分析(principal component analysis, PCA)。以重楼皂苷VII为内标,建立重楼皂苷II、重楼皂苷III、重楼皂苷VI、重楼皂苷I、重楼皂苷H、重楼皂苷D、伪原薯蓣皂苷的相对校正因子,并考察QAMS的可行性。色谱条件:采用Agilent ZORBAX SB C18色谱柱(4.6 mm×250.0 mm, 5μm);乙腈(A)和水(B)为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速0.8 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长203 nm;进样量5μL。结果 建立了不同种重楼样品的指纹图谱,相似度分析显示不同种重楼样品的相似度介于0.646~0.913,表明不同种重楼间的化学成分及含量差异性较大;以重楼皂苷VII为内标,所建立的滇重楼QAMS含量测定方法,与外标法(external standard method, ESM)得到的结果进行比较无显著差异,确定了QAMS在含量测定中的可行性,将QAMS应用于滇重楼近缘种的含量测定,只有长柱重楼的全部样品(CZCL01~04)和TCCL03符合《中华人民共和国药典》的质控标准;进一步以重楼样品中的8个皂苷类成分的峰面积作为变量进行聚类分析和主成分分析,聚类分析结果显示滇重楼及其近缘种样品可以聚为4类,长柱重楼、大理重楼和腾冲重楼均可自成一类,其余种重楼无法进行区分。主成分分析中46批重楼样品大体可以分为5类,大理重楼、长柱重楼、腾冲重楼各为一类,大部分滇重楼为一类,毛重楼、矮重楼、独龙重楼样品在主成分分析中无分类趋势。结论 QAMS与指纹图谱及化学计量分析相结合的方法可以完成对滇重楼及其近缘种中8种皂苷类成分的同时快速定量。并对其质量进行评价。实验建立的分析方法准确可行,可以在保护中药资源、节省时间的前提下对滇重楼及其近缘种样品的质量进行综合评价。
文摘目的:建立甜瓜蒂 HPLC 数字化指纹图谱。方法:采用反相高效液相色谱法,使用 Century SIL C_(18)BDS 柱(200mm×4.6mm,5μm),以0.1%磷酸(含2mg·mL^(-1)庚烷磺酸钠)-乙腈(含0.1%磷酸)为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速1.0 mL·min^(-1),检测波长228nm,柱温(30.0±0.15)℃,进样量5μL。以色谱指纹图谱指数(F)、色谱指纹图谱信息量指数(I)、投影含量相似度(C)和定量相似度(P)等数字化指标,定性、定量评价了不同产地甜瓜蒂药材质量。结果:以葫芦素 B 为参照物峰,通过测定10批药材指纹图谱确定20个共有峰,建立了甜瓜蒂 HPLC 数字化指纹图谱。结论:所建立的指纹图谱具有较好的精密度和重现性,可作为甜瓜蒂药材质量控制和真伪鉴别的依据。
