Background: 1-3, 1-6 β-glucan derived from Baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been widely studied for its immune stimulatory capabilities and safety. Previous studies found β-glucan to have efficacy at re...Background: 1-3, 1-6 β-glucan derived from Baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been widely studied for its immune stimulatory capabilities and safety. Previous studies found β-glucan to have efficacy at reducing incidence of URTIs as well as being a low risk for negative side effects. The current study aimed to examine the effects of yeast β-glucan (Angel Yeast) on cold and flu incidences and symptoms in healthy adults. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-one males and females aged 18 to 65 years old supplemented with either β-glucan or a placebo for 3-months. Participants completed a general health questionnaire every 4 weeks and in addition, if participants experienced any cold or flu symptoms, these were recorded daily (along with severity) until resolved or up to 2 weeks. Results: Supplementation with β-glucan reduced the self-reported severity of sore throats and improved sleep quality compared to the placebo group. Conclusions: Yeast β-glucan supplementation appears to be able to help reduce certain symptoms experienced during a cold or flu episode and is safe and well tolerated.展开更多
Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different organic fertilizers made from distiller's grains on the physiological characteristics and growth of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the agr...Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different organic fertilizers made from distiller's grains on the physiological characteristics and growth of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the agronomic traits and biomass of flue-cured tobacco in the three treatments were higher than that of the control group,and the mixed application of different organic fertilizers made from distiller's grains and compound fertilizer could promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco significantly.展开更多
In order to reduce the use of peat resources and realize the sustainable development of tobacco, the pH of distiller s grain substrate was adjusted with humic acid, and the effects of various distiller s grain substra...In order to reduce the use of peat resources and realize the sustainable development of tobacco, the pH of distiller s grain substrate was adjusted with humic acid, and the effects of various distiller s grain substrates on the growth of tobacco seedlings were studied to find out the method of cultivating high-quality tobacco seedlings by using distiller s grain substrate. The results showed that when 60% of humic acid was added to the distiller s grain substrate made from coarse distiller s grains, fine distiller s grains, perlite and vermiculite, both the pH and electrical conductivity decreased significantly and were similar to that of the conventional substrate. Moreover, the emergence rate of tobacco seedlings, the rate of strong tobacco seedlings, leaf number, stem height, root growth and quality of tobacco seedlings were good.展开更多
Background: The immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller's solubles, which could be potentially used for animal fe...Background: The immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller's solubles, which could be potentially used for animal feeding. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of liquid feeding high levels of corn condensed distiller's solubles(CCDS) and whole stillage(CWS) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, belly firmness and meat sensory traits of pigs.Methods: A total of 256 pigs were blocked by sex and initial BW(13.5 ± 2.5 kg), and pens of pigs(8 pigs/pen) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments(8 pens/treatment): 1) corn-soybean meal based diet as control, 2) 25%CWS + 5% CCDS, 3) 19.5% CWS + 10.5% CCDS, and 4) 19.5, 26, and 32.5% CWS + 10.5, 14, and 17.5% CCDS in phases 1(28 d), 2(38 d), and 3(60 d), respectively. Inclusion levels of CCDS and CWS for Treatments 1, 2, and 3 were fixed during all the three phases of the experiment. Inclusion levels of CWS and CCDS were on 88% dry matter basis. The liquid feeding system delivered feed from the mixing tank to feed troughs by high-pressure air, had sensors inside feed troughs, and recorded daily feed intake on the basis of a reference feed intake curve. The pigs were fed 5 to 10 times per day with increasing frequency during the experiment.Results: Control pigs had greater(P 0.10) dressing percentage, loin muscle depth, and lean percentage were observed among the four treatments. Inclusion of CWS and CCDS reduced(P 0.10) the overall like,flavor, tenderness and juiciness of loin chops when compared with the control group.Conclusion: In conclusion, our results indicate that including 30–50% of a mixture of whole stillage and condensed distiller's solubles in the growing-finishing diets may reduce growth performance, carcass weight and belly firmness, but does not affect pork sensory traits.展开更多
By the addition of rice wine koji, enhancement of the reactivity was observed for the baker's yeast reduction of β-keto esters into (S)-β-hydroxy esters with high enantiomeric purity (73-98%).
Multiple lines of evidence show that soluble oligomer forms of amyloidβprotein(Aβ42)are the most neurotoxic species in the brain and correlates with the degree of neuronal loss and cognitive deficit in Alzheimer’s ...Multiple lines of evidence show that soluble oligomer forms of amyloidβprotein(Aβ42)are the most neurotoxic species in the brain and correlates with the degree of neuronal loss and cognitive deficit in Alzheimer’s disease.Although many studies have used mammalian cells to investigate oligomer Aβ42 toxicity,the use of more simple eukaryotic cellular systems offers advantages for large-scale screening studies.We have previously established and validated budding yeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiae to be a simple and a robust model to study the toxicity of Aβ.Using colony counting based methods,oligomeric Aβ42 was shown to induce dose-dependent cell death in yeast.We have adapted this method for high throughput screening by developing an absorbance-based growth assay.We further validated the assay with treatments previously shown to protect oligomer Aβ42 induced cell death in mammalian and yeast cells.This assay offers a platform for studying underlying mechanisms of oligomer Aβ42 induced cell death using gene deletion/overexpression libraries and developing novel agents that alleviate Aβ42 induced cell death.展开更多
The manuscript titled "Vacuoles of Candida yeast behave as a specialized niche for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)" not only has not been prepared in a scientific manner but the methodology used was not adequa...The manuscript titled "Vacuoles of Candida yeast behave as a specialized niche for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)" not only has not been prepared in a scientific manner but the methodology used was not adequate, and therefore the conclusion reached was not correct. First of all, "yeast" is a broad terminology covering a great number of genera and species of unicellular micro-organisms. The authors should have defined the organism with its binary scientific name. This measure would allow experiment reproduction by the scientific community. Moreover, the criteria established by Robert Koch to identify a specific microorganism or pathogen was not adopted in the methodology used. Regarding the methodology applied, use of the chicken eggyolk(Ig Y) antibody and PCR of the apparently tainted yeast population to prove H. pylori existence in the yeast vacuoles might be main factors for their wrong conclusions. Bacterial tropism toward yeast extract is a known phenomenon, and yeast extract is one of the main ingredients in culture media. Their internalization through phagocytosis or similar pathways does not seem possible or practical because of the thick and cellulosic yeast wall. While the small size of yeast cells does not support their ability in harboring several H. pylori, other observations such as inefficiency of antifungal therapy as anti-Helicobacter therapy strongly reject the conclusion reached by the above-mentioned article.展开更多
Objective To study the anticlastogenic effect of redistilled cow's urine distillate (RCUD) in human peripheral lymphocytes (HLC) challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium. Methods The anticlastoge...Objective To study the anticlastogenic effect of redistilled cow's urine distillate (RCUD) in human peripheral lymphocytes (HLC) challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium. Methods The anticlastogenic activity of redistilled cow's urine distillate was studied in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (HPNLs) and human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium as established genotoxicants and clastogens which could cause induction of DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus. Three different levels of RCUD: 1 μL/mL, 50 μL/mL and 100 μL/mL, were used in the study. Results Manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium caused statistically significant DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation, which could be protected by redisfilled cow's urine distillate. Conclusion The redistilled cow's urine distillate posseses strong anfigenotoxic and antielastogenic properties against HPNLs and HLC treated with Cr^+6 and MnO2. This property is mainly due to the antioxidants present in RCUD.展开更多
This paper presents an evaluation of different dose of Sodium Metabisulfite (0.01 M Na2S2O5), (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl), and Distilled water for the removal of soil contaminated with Pb, Zn and Cr by the column mode. The ...This paper presents an evaluation of different dose of Sodium Metabisulfite (0.01 M Na2S2O5), (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl), and Distilled water for the removal of soil contaminated with Pb, Zn and Cr by the column mode. The field soil contained concentrations of Pb (307.31 mg⋅kg−1), Zn (207.77 mg⋅kg−1) and Cr (447.50 mg⋅kg−1). Both (0.01 M Na2S2O5), (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl), and Distilled water were found to be effective on removing (Na2S2O5) Pb, Cr and Zn respectively. (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl) Cr, Zn and Pb respectively. Sulfur Pb, Cr and Zn respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 10.35% - 26%, 3.4% - 21.60% and 4.97% - 23.88% for (0.01 M Na2S2O5 respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 16.13% - 20.07%, 8.20% - 23.48%, 5.42% - 28.93% for (0.01 M Na2S2O5 + 0.1 M HCl) respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 10.20% - 25.5%, 9.55% - 25.13% and 6.04% - 25.54% for (S) respectively.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the biological function of complete S protein and to look for proteins interacting with complete S protein in hepatocytes.METHODS: We constructed bait plasmid expressing complete S protein of HBV b...AIM: To investigate the biological function of complete S protein and to look for proteins interacting with complete S protein in hepatocytes.METHODS: We constructed bait plasmid expressing complete S protein of HBV by cloning the gene of complete S protein into pGBKT7, then the recombinant plasmid DNA was transformed into yeast AH109 (a type). The transformed yeast AH109 was mated with yeast Y187 (α type) containing liver cDNA library plasmid in 2xYPDA medium. Diploid yeast was plated on synthetic dropout nutrient medium (SD/Trp-Leu-His-Ade) containing X-α-gal for selection and screening. After extracting and sequencing of plasmids from positive (blue) colonies, we underwent sequence analysis by bioinformatics.RESULTS: Nineteen colonies were selected and sequenced.Among them, five colonies were Homo sapiens solute carrier family 25, member 23 (SLC25A23), one was Homo sapiens calreticulin, one was human serum albumin (ALB)gene, one was Homo sapiens metallothionein 2A, two were Homo sapiens betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase,three were Homo sapiensNa+ and H+ coupled amino acid transport system N, one was Homo sapiens CD81 antigen (target of anti-proliferative antibody 1) (CD81), three were Homo sapiens diazepam binding inhibitor, two colonies were new genes with unknown function.CONCLUSION: The yeast-two hybrid system is an effective method for identifying hepatocyte proteins interacting with complete S protein of HBV. The complete S protein may bind to different proteins i.e., its multiple functions in vivo.展开更多
Objective To detect the trans-factors specifically binding to the strong enhancerelement (GPEI) in the upstream of rat glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P) gene. MethodsYeast one-hybrid system was used to screen rat...Objective To detect the trans-factors specifically binding to the strong enhancerelement (GPEI) in the upstream of rat glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P) gene. MethodsYeast one-hybrid system was used to screen rat lung MATCHMAKER cDNA library toidentify potential trans-factors that can interact with core sequence of GPEI(cGPEI).Electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to analyze the binding of trans-factors to cGPEI. Results cDNA fragments coding for the C-terminal part of thetranscription factor c-Jun and rat adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) were isolated. Thebinding of c-Jun and ANT to GPEI core sequence were confirmed. Conclusions Rat c-juntranscriptional factor and ANT may interact with cGPEI. They could play an important rolein the induced expression of GST-P gene.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of cloning of the hepatocyte receptor interacting with the Pre Slprotein of HBV by two-hybrid system.METHODS: Yeast expression plasmids encoding fusion proteins of full length or ...OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of cloning of the hepatocyte receptor interacting with the Pre Slprotein of HBV by two-hybrid system.METHODS: Yeast expression plasmids encoding fusion proteins of full length or portions of Pre Sl ofHBV and DNA binding domain of yeast protein GAL4 were constructed and used to transform yeastreporter strain SFY526. Reporter gene product β-galactosidase activity was assayed as a measure oftranscriptional activation in yeast, Mammalian expression plasmid encoding fusion proteins of full lengthPre Sl and DNA binding domain of GAL4 was constructed and used to cotransfect hepatoma cell lineHuh-7 together with CAT reporter plasmid. Cell extracts were assayed for CAT activity by thin-layerchromatography.RESULTS: The fusion proteins of full length Pre Sl protein and GAL4 DNA binding domain presentedtranscriptional activation function in yeast. The transcription activating sequence was localized to the 21 to47 amino acids of Pre Sl protein. Fusion proteins of full length Pre Sl and GAL4 DNA binding domaindid not show transcriptional activation function in mammalian cells.CONCLUSIONS: The transcription activating sequence of HBV Pre Sl protein in yeast overlaps thehepatocyte receptor binding site. The transcriptional activation function of HBV Pre Sl protein in yeastmay prevent researchers from using yeast two-hybrid system to clone HBV receptor interacting with Pre Slprotein. However, the Pre Sl protein does not show transcriptional activation function in mammaliancells. Mammalian two-hybrid system may be a practical method to clone the HBV hepatocyte receptorinteracting with Pre Sl protein.展开更多
Cohesin is an evolutionary conserved complex that controls chromosome segregation during mitosis. Here we show that, in response to DNA damage, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Scc3, one of the major regulatory subunits of th...Cohesin is an evolutionary conserved complex that controls chromosome segregation during mitosis. Here we show that, in response to DNA damage, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Scc3, one of the major regulatory subunits of the Smc1-Smc3-Scc1 cohesin ring, is phosphorylated on S/T-Q residues. This event depended on the Mec1 checkpoint kinase as well as on cell cycle arrest triggered by the DNA damage checkpoint network. This phosphorylation event also took place during mitosis of an unperturbed cell cycle. The present finding that S. cerevisiae Scc3 is phosphorylated during mitosis represents a potentially important new regulatory step in cohesin’s mitotic functions.展开更多
As per tradition from hundreds of years the Koloi tribes of Tripura are preparing “Gora”-therice based fermented beer which is very good in taste and aroma applying their traditional indigenous brewing techniques. I...As per tradition from hundreds of years the Koloi tribes of Tripura are preparing “Gora”-therice based fermented beer which is very good in taste and aroma applying their traditional indigenous brewing techniques. In this study, an attempt has been made to identify the indigenous yeast which is the main causative agent for fermentation and to investigate its fermentation ability with an industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiaes train. After investigation based on culture dependent phenotypic characteristics like-staining and biochemical characterization, primarily the responsible yeast species was determined as Pichia kudriavzevii and further confirmed followed by 18S rRNA ribotyping and the sequences was deposited at Gene bank and NCBI bearing specific accession number. In the comparative analysis, it has been found a significant similarities in all aspects of nutritional and alcohol percentages with the industrial strain in laboratory condition. The alcohol percentage in the rice beer “Gora” measured 6.40 ± 0.008% v/v. The study may be the first scientific investigation of its kind about this indigenous yeast strain isolated from “Gora” of this Indo-Burma biodiversity region and may provide sufficient background and potentiality for promoting these kinds of indigenous alcoholic beverages for small scale commercialization to strengthen the rural livelihood as well as to maintain immaterial cultural heritage.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the efficacy of Xiaojin Capsules combined with Selenium Yeast Capsules in the treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT)with abnormal thyroid function.[Methods]A total of 180 HT patients who w...[Objectives]To explore the efficacy of Xiaojin Capsules combined with Selenium Yeast Capsules in the treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT)with abnormal thyroid function.[Methods]A total of 180 HT patients who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the observation group(n=120)and the control group(n=60)in at a tratio of 2∶1 ratio according to their visiting time.The observation group was treated with Xiaojin Capsules(oral,5 capsules each time,twice a day for 12 weeks)and Selenium Yeast Capsules(oral,1 capsule each time,twice a day for 12 weeks).The control group was treated with only Selenium Yeast Capsules(oral,1 capsule each time,twice a day for 12 weeks).[Results]The difference in the levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPO-Ab),thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb),serum free triiodothyronine(FT_(3)),serum free thyroxine(FT_(4)),and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)between the observation group and control group was statistically significant(P<0.05).The diameters of thyroid between the observation group and the control group before,during and after treatment were significantly different(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the observation group was 82.5%(99/120),which was significantly higher than 56.67%(34/60)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The cure rate(22.50%)in the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(3.33%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The ineffective rate of the observation group was 17.50%,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(40.00%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The markedly effective rate of the observation group was 40.83%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(31.67%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The effective rate in the observation group was 191%,and the effective rate in the control group was 21.67%,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).[Conclusions]Xiaojin Capsules combined with Selenium Yeast Capsules in the treatment of HT can eliminate or alleviate the clinical symptoms and signs,significantly reduce the levels of TPO-Ab and TGAb in serum,restore thyroid function,improve thyroid shape and structure in the treatment of HT,and the clinical effect is satisfactory.展开更多
Yeasts resulting from the brewing process (RBY) are a valuable by-product, with an important content of minerals, vitamins and, especially, proteins. The purpose of the research was the electroactivation of RBY and th...Yeasts resulting from the brewing process (RBY) are a valuable by-product, with an important content of minerals, vitamins and, especially, proteins. The purpose of the research was the electroactivation of RBY and the simultaneous obtaining of two products</span><span style="font-family:"">—<span>protein concentrates and hydrolyzed protein fr<span>om residual brewer’s yeast. Electroactivation is a non-residual process, wit</span>hout the use of chemical reagents and relatively inexpensive. The variation of the electroactivation conditions allowed the separation of 90% - 94% of the proteins in the form of protein concentrates. During the process, it is attested to increase the pH value and decrease the redox potential, which characterizes the multiple redox processes that take place in the cathode cell, including sedimentation at the isoelectric point. The presence of albumin in the protein fractions of RBY allows the formation of protein complexes with calcium, attributing a higher biological value to the obtained products.展开更多
文摘Background: 1-3, 1-6 β-glucan derived from Baker’s yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) has been widely studied for its immune stimulatory capabilities and safety. Previous studies found β-glucan to have efficacy at reducing incidence of URTIs as well as being a low risk for negative side effects. The current study aimed to examine the effects of yeast β-glucan (Angel Yeast) on cold and flu incidences and symptoms in healthy adults. Methods: Two hundred and thirty-one males and females aged 18 to 65 years old supplemented with either β-glucan or a placebo for 3-months. Participants completed a general health questionnaire every 4 weeks and in addition, if participants experienced any cold or flu symptoms, these were recorded daily (along with severity) until resolved or up to 2 weeks. Results: Supplementation with β-glucan reduced the self-reported severity of sore throats and improved sleep quality compared to the placebo group. Conclusions: Yeast β-glucan supplementation appears to be able to help reduce certain symptoms experienced during a cold or flu episode and is safe and well tolerated.
基金Supported by the Project of Luzhou Company of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company"Comprehensive Application of Distillers'Grains on Tobacco"
文摘Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of different organic fertilizers made from distiller's grains on the physiological characteristics and growth of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that the agronomic traits and biomass of flue-cured tobacco in the three treatments were higher than that of the control group,and the mixed application of different organic fertilizers made from distiller's grains and compound fertilizer could promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco significantly.
基金Supported by the Project of Luzhou Company of Sichuan Provincial Tobacco Company"Comprehensive Application of Distillers'Grains on Tobacco"
文摘In order to reduce the use of peat resources and realize the sustainable development of tobacco, the pH of distiller s grain substrate was adjusted with humic acid, and the effects of various distiller s grain substrates on the growth of tobacco seedlings were studied to find out the method of cultivating high-quality tobacco seedlings by using distiller s grain substrate. The results showed that when 60% of humic acid was added to the distiller s grain substrate made from coarse distiller s grains, fine distiller s grains, perlite and vermiculite, both the pH and electrical conductivity decreased significantly and were similar to that of the conventional substrate. Moreover, the emergence rate of tobacco seedlings, the rate of strong tobacco seedlings, leaf number, stem height, root growth and quality of tobacco seedlings were good.
基金Financial support from Minnesota Pork Board,Agricultural Utilization and Research InstituteMinnesota Corn Growers Association is greatly appreciated
文摘Background: The immense growth in global bioethanol production has greatly increased the supply of by-products such as whole stillage and condensed distiller's solubles, which could be potentially used for animal feeding. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of liquid feeding high levels of corn condensed distiller's solubles(CCDS) and whole stillage(CWS) on growth performance, carcass characteristics, belly firmness and meat sensory traits of pigs.Methods: A total of 256 pigs were blocked by sex and initial BW(13.5 ± 2.5 kg), and pens of pigs(8 pigs/pen) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 dietary treatments(8 pens/treatment): 1) corn-soybean meal based diet as control, 2) 25%CWS + 5% CCDS, 3) 19.5% CWS + 10.5% CCDS, and 4) 19.5, 26, and 32.5% CWS + 10.5, 14, and 17.5% CCDS in phases 1(28 d), 2(38 d), and 3(60 d), respectively. Inclusion levels of CCDS and CWS for Treatments 1, 2, and 3 were fixed during all the three phases of the experiment. Inclusion levels of CWS and CCDS were on 88% dry matter basis. The liquid feeding system delivered feed from the mixing tank to feed troughs by high-pressure air, had sensors inside feed troughs, and recorded daily feed intake on the basis of a reference feed intake curve. The pigs were fed 5 to 10 times per day with increasing frequency during the experiment.Results: Control pigs had greater(P 0.10) dressing percentage, loin muscle depth, and lean percentage were observed among the four treatments. Inclusion of CWS and CCDS reduced(P 0.10) the overall like,flavor, tenderness and juiciness of loin chops when compared with the control group.Conclusion: In conclusion, our results indicate that including 30–50% of a mixture of whole stillage and condensed distiller's solubles in the growing-finishing diets may reduce growth performance, carcass weight and belly firmness, but does not affect pork sensory traits.
文摘By the addition of rice wine koji, enhancement of the reactivity was observed for the baker's yeast reduction of β-keto esters into (S)-β-hydroxy esters with high enantiomeric purity (73-98%).
基金supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council-Australian Research Council dementia research development fellowship(APP1107109)to PB
文摘Multiple lines of evidence show that soluble oligomer forms of amyloidβprotein(Aβ42)are the most neurotoxic species in the brain and correlates with the degree of neuronal loss and cognitive deficit in Alzheimer’s disease.Although many studies have used mammalian cells to investigate oligomer Aβ42 toxicity,the use of more simple eukaryotic cellular systems offers advantages for large-scale screening studies.We have previously established and validated budding yeast,Saccharomyces cerevisiae to be a simple and a robust model to study the toxicity of Aβ.Using colony counting based methods,oligomeric Aβ42 was shown to induce dose-dependent cell death in yeast.We have adapted this method for high throughput screening by developing an absorbance-based growth assay.We further validated the assay with treatments previously shown to protect oligomer Aβ42 induced cell death in mammalian and yeast cells.This assay offers a platform for studying underlying mechanisms of oligomer Aβ42 induced cell death using gene deletion/overexpression libraries and developing novel agents that alleviate Aβ42 induced cell death.
文摘The manuscript titled "Vacuoles of Candida yeast behave as a specialized niche for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)" not only has not been prepared in a scientific manner but the methodology used was not adequate, and therefore the conclusion reached was not correct. First of all, "yeast" is a broad terminology covering a great number of genera and species of unicellular micro-organisms. The authors should have defined the organism with its binary scientific name. This measure would allow experiment reproduction by the scientific community. Moreover, the criteria established by Robert Koch to identify a specific microorganism or pathogen was not adopted in the methodology used. Regarding the methodology applied, use of the chicken eggyolk(Ig Y) antibody and PCR of the apparently tainted yeast population to prove H. pylori existence in the yeast vacuoles might be main factors for their wrong conclusions. Bacterial tropism toward yeast extract is a known phenomenon, and yeast extract is one of the main ingredients in culture media. Their internalization through phagocytosis or similar pathways does not seem possible or practical because of the thick and cellulosic yeast wall. While the small size of yeast cells does not support their ability in harboring several H. pylori, other observations such as inefficiency of antifungal therapy as anti-Helicobacter therapy strongly reject the conclusion reached by the above-mentioned article.
文摘Objective To study the anticlastogenic effect of redistilled cow's urine distillate (RCUD) in human peripheral lymphocytes (HLC) challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium. Methods The anticlastogenic activity of redistilled cow's urine distillate was studied in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (HPNLs) and human peripheral lymphocytes in vitro challenged with manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium as established genotoxicants and clastogens which could cause induction of DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus. Three different levels of RCUD: 1 μL/mL, 50 μL/mL and 100 μL/mL, were used in the study. Results Manganese dioxide and hexavalent chromium caused statistically significant DNA strand break, chromosomal aberration and micronucleus formation, which could be protected by redisfilled cow's urine distillate. Conclusion The redistilled cow's urine distillate posseses strong anfigenotoxic and antielastogenic properties against HPNLs and HLC treated with Cr^+6 and MnO2. This property is mainly due to the antioxidants present in RCUD.
文摘This paper presents an evaluation of different dose of Sodium Metabisulfite (0.01 M Na2S2O5), (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl), and Distilled water for the removal of soil contaminated with Pb, Zn and Cr by the column mode. The field soil contained concentrations of Pb (307.31 mg⋅kg−1), Zn (207.77 mg⋅kg−1) and Cr (447.50 mg⋅kg−1). Both (0.01 M Na2S2O5), (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl), and Distilled water were found to be effective on removing (Na2S2O5) Pb, Cr and Zn respectively. (Na2S2O5) + (0.1 HCl) Cr, Zn and Pb respectively. Sulfur Pb, Cr and Zn respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 10.35% - 26%, 3.4% - 21.60% and 4.97% - 23.88% for (0.01 M Na2S2O5 respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 16.13% - 20.07%, 8.20% - 23.48%, 5.42% - 28.93% for (0.01 M Na2S2O5 + 0.1 M HCl) respectively. The removal rate of Pb, Zn, and Cr varied from 10.20% - 25.5%, 9.55% - 25.13% and 6.04% - 25.54% for (S) respectively.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. C03011402, No. C30070690the Science and Technique Foundation of PLA during the 9th Five-year plan period, No. 98D063 the Launching Foundation for Students Studying Abroad of PLA, No. 98H038 the Youth Science and Technique Foundation of PLA during the 10lh Five-year plan period, No. 01Q138and the Science & Technique Foundation of PLA during the 10th Five-year plan period, No. 01MB135
文摘AIM: To investigate the biological function of complete S protein and to look for proteins interacting with complete S protein in hepatocytes.METHODS: We constructed bait plasmid expressing complete S protein of HBV by cloning the gene of complete S protein into pGBKT7, then the recombinant plasmid DNA was transformed into yeast AH109 (a type). The transformed yeast AH109 was mated with yeast Y187 (α type) containing liver cDNA library plasmid in 2xYPDA medium. Diploid yeast was plated on synthetic dropout nutrient medium (SD/Trp-Leu-His-Ade) containing X-α-gal for selection and screening. After extracting and sequencing of plasmids from positive (blue) colonies, we underwent sequence analysis by bioinformatics.RESULTS: Nineteen colonies were selected and sequenced.Among them, five colonies were Homo sapiens solute carrier family 25, member 23 (SLC25A23), one was Homo sapiens calreticulin, one was human serum albumin (ALB)gene, one was Homo sapiens metallothionein 2A, two were Homo sapiens betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase,three were Homo sapiensNa+ and H+ coupled amino acid transport system N, one was Homo sapiens CD81 antigen (target of anti-proliferative antibody 1) (CD81), three were Homo sapiens diazepam binding inhibitor, two colonies were new genes with unknown function.CONCLUSION: The yeast-two hybrid system is an effective method for identifying hepatocyte proteins interacting with complete S protein of HBV. The complete S protein may bind to different proteins i.e., its multiple functions in vivo.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 3967017330170441) "863"Project (Grant No. 2001AA221161)+1 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7002026) High Education Science Research Foundation of China (20010023024).
文摘Objective To detect the trans-factors specifically binding to the strong enhancerelement (GPEI) in the upstream of rat glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P) gene. MethodsYeast one-hybrid system was used to screen rat lung MATCHMAKER cDNA library toidentify potential trans-factors that can interact with core sequence of GPEI(cGPEI).Electrophoresis mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to analyze the binding of trans-factors to cGPEI. Results cDNA fragments coding for the C-terminal part of thetranscription factor c-Jun and rat adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) were isolated. Thebinding of c-Jun and ANT to GPEI core sequence were confirmed. Conclusions Rat c-juntranscriptional factor and ANT may interact with cGPEI. They could play an important rolein the induced expression of GST-P gene.
基金This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39600006).
文摘OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of cloning of the hepatocyte receptor interacting with the Pre Slprotein of HBV by two-hybrid system.METHODS: Yeast expression plasmids encoding fusion proteins of full length or portions of Pre Sl ofHBV and DNA binding domain of yeast protein GAL4 were constructed and used to transform yeastreporter strain SFY526. Reporter gene product β-galactosidase activity was assayed as a measure oftranscriptional activation in yeast, Mammalian expression plasmid encoding fusion proteins of full lengthPre Sl and DNA binding domain of GAL4 was constructed and used to cotransfect hepatoma cell lineHuh-7 together with CAT reporter plasmid. Cell extracts were assayed for CAT activity by thin-layerchromatography.RESULTS: The fusion proteins of full length Pre Sl protein and GAL4 DNA binding domain presentedtranscriptional activation function in yeast. The transcription activating sequence was localized to the 21 to47 amino acids of Pre Sl protein. Fusion proteins of full length Pre Sl and GAL4 DNA binding domaindid not show transcriptional activation function in mammalian cells.CONCLUSIONS: The transcription activating sequence of HBV Pre Sl protein in yeast overlaps thehepatocyte receptor binding site. The transcriptional activation function of HBV Pre Sl protein in yeastmay prevent researchers from using yeast two-hybrid system to clone HBV receptor interacting with Pre Slprotein. However, the Pre Sl protein does not show transcriptional activation function in mammaliancells. Mammalian two-hybrid system may be a practical method to clone the HBV hepatocyte receptorinteracting with Pre Sl protein.
文摘Cohesin is an evolutionary conserved complex that controls chromosome segregation during mitosis. Here we show that, in response to DNA damage, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Scc3, one of the major regulatory subunits of the Smc1-Smc3-Scc1 cohesin ring, is phosphorylated on S/T-Q residues. This event depended on the Mec1 checkpoint kinase as well as on cell cycle arrest triggered by the DNA damage checkpoint network. This phosphorylation event also took place during mitosis of an unperturbed cell cycle. The present finding that S. cerevisiae Scc3 is phosphorylated during mitosis represents a potentially important new regulatory step in cohesin’s mitotic functions.
文摘As per tradition from hundreds of years the Koloi tribes of Tripura are preparing “Gora”-therice based fermented beer which is very good in taste and aroma applying their traditional indigenous brewing techniques. In this study, an attempt has been made to identify the indigenous yeast which is the main causative agent for fermentation and to investigate its fermentation ability with an industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiaes train. After investigation based on culture dependent phenotypic characteristics like-staining and biochemical characterization, primarily the responsible yeast species was determined as Pichia kudriavzevii and further confirmed followed by 18S rRNA ribotyping and the sequences was deposited at Gene bank and NCBI bearing specific accession number. In the comparative analysis, it has been found a significant similarities in all aspects of nutritional and alcohol percentages with the industrial strain in laboratory condition. The alcohol percentage in the rice beer “Gora” measured 6.40 ± 0.008% v/v. The study may be the first scientific investigation of its kind about this indigenous yeast strain isolated from “Gora” of this Indo-Burma biodiversity region and may provide sufficient background and potentiality for promoting these kinds of indigenous alcoholic beverages for small scale commercialization to strengthen the rural livelihood as well as to maintain immaterial cultural heritage.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project for Maternal and Child Care Fund of China Population Welfare Foundation(FY202001213921)。
文摘[Objectives]To explore the efficacy of Xiaojin Capsules combined with Selenium Yeast Capsules in the treatment of Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT)with abnormal thyroid function.[Methods]A total of 180 HT patients who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University and Henan Provincial People's Hospital from December 2020 to December 2021 were selected as the research subjects and randomly divided into the observation group(n=120)and the control group(n=60)in at a tratio of 2∶1 ratio according to their visiting time.The observation group was treated with Xiaojin Capsules(oral,5 capsules each time,twice a day for 12 weeks)and Selenium Yeast Capsules(oral,1 capsule each time,twice a day for 12 weeks).The control group was treated with only Selenium Yeast Capsules(oral,1 capsule each time,twice a day for 12 weeks).[Results]The difference in the levels of thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPO-Ab),thyroglobulin antibody(TGAb),serum free triiodothyronine(FT_(3)),serum free thyroxine(FT_(4)),and thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH)between the observation group and control group was statistically significant(P<0.05).The diameters of thyroid between the observation group and the control group before,during and after treatment were significantly different(P<0.05).The total effective rate of the observation group was 82.5%(99/120),which was significantly higher than 56.67%(34/60)in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The cure rate(22.50%)in the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(3.33%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The ineffective rate of the observation group was 17.50%,which was significantly lower than that of the control group(40.00%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).The markedly effective rate of the observation group was 40.83%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group(31.67%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The effective rate in the observation group was 191%,and the effective rate in the control group was 21.67%,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).[Conclusions]Xiaojin Capsules combined with Selenium Yeast Capsules in the treatment of HT can eliminate or alleviate the clinical symptoms and signs,significantly reduce the levels of TPO-Ab and TGAb in serum,restore thyroid function,improve thyroid shape and structure in the treatment of HT,and the clinical effect is satisfactory.
文摘Yeasts resulting from the brewing process (RBY) are a valuable by-product, with an important content of minerals, vitamins and, especially, proteins. The purpose of the research was the electroactivation of RBY and the simultaneous obtaining of two products</span><span style="font-family:"">—<span>protein concentrates and hydrolyzed protein fr<span>om residual brewer’s yeast. Electroactivation is a non-residual process, wit</span>hout the use of chemical reagents and relatively inexpensive. The variation of the electroactivation conditions allowed the separation of 90% - 94% of the proteins in the form of protein concentrates. During the process, it is attested to increase the pH value and decrease the redox potential, which characterizes the multiple redox processes that take place in the cathode cell, including sedimentation at the isoelectric point. The presence of albumin in the protein fractions of RBY allows the formation of protein complexes with calcium, attributing a higher biological value to the obtained products.