Cross-section distortion and springback characteristics of double-cavity aluminum profile in force controlled stretch-bending

3D elastic-plastic FE model for simulating the force controlled stretch-bending process of double-cavity aluminum profile was established using hybrid explicit−implicit solvent method.Considering the computational accuracy and efficiency,the optimal choices of numerical parameters and algorithms in FE modelling were determined.The formation mechanisms of cross-section distortion and springback were revealed.The effects of pre-stretching,post-stretching,friction,and the addition of internal fillers on forming quality were investigated.The results show that the stress state of profile in stretch-bending is uniaxial with only a circumferential stress.The stress distribution along the length direction of profile is non-uniform and the maximum tensile stress is located at a certain distance away from the center of profile.As aluminum profile is gradually attached to bending die,the distribution characteristic of cross-section distortion along the length direction of profile changes from V-shape to W-shape.After unloading the forming tools,cross-section distortion decreases obviously due to the stress relaxation,with a maximum distortion difference of 13%before and after unloading.As pre-stretching and post-stretching forces increase,cross-section distortion increases gradually,while springback first decreases and then remains unchanged.With increasing friction between bending die and profile,cross-section distortion slightly decreases,while springback increases.Cross-section distortion decreases by 83%with adding PVC fillers into the cavities of profile,while springback increases by 192.2%.

Bulging Distortion of Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet on the Partially Penetrated Side of Non-Penetration Lap Laser Welding Joint

Non-penetration laser welding of lap joints in austenitic stainless steel sheets is commonly preferred in fields where the surface quality is of utmost importance.However,the application of non-penetration welded austenitic stainless steel parts is limited owing to the micro bulging distortion that occurs on the back surface of the partial penetration side.In this paper,non-penetration lap laser welding experiments,were conducted on galvanized and SUS304 austenitic stainless steel plates using a fiber laser,to investigate the mechanism of bulging distortion.A comparative experiment of DC01 galvanized steel-Q235 carbon steel lap laser welding was carried out,and the deflection and distortion profile of partially penetrated side of the sheets were measured using a noncontact laser interferometer.In addition,the cold-rolled SUS304 was subjected to heat holding at different temperatures and water quenching after bending to characterize its microstructure under tensile and compressive stress.The results show that,during the heating stage of the thermal cycle of laser lap welding,the partial penetration side of the SUS304 steel sheet generates compressive stress,which extrudes the material in the heat-affected zone to the outside of the back of the SUS304 steel sheet,thereby forming a bulge.The findings of these experiments can be of great value for controlling the distortion of the partial penetrated side of austenitic stainless steel sheet during laser non-penetration lap welding.

Linear magnetoresistance and structural distortion in layered SrCu_(4-x)P_(2) single crystals

We report a systematic study on layered metal SrCu_(4-x)P_(2) single crystals via transport, magnetization, thermodynamic measurements and structural characterization. We find that the crystals show large linear magnetoresistance without any sign of saturation with a magnetic field up to 30T. We also observe a phase transition with significant anomalies in resistivity and heat capacity at T_(p)~140 K. Thermal expansion measurement reveals a subtle lattice parameter variation near Tp, i.e.,?L_(c)/L_(c)~0.062%. The structural characterization confines that there is no structure transition below and above T_(p). All these results suggest that the nonmagnetic transition of SrCu_(4-x)P_(2) could be associated with structural distortion.

Engineering Thermoelectric Performance of α-GeTe by Ferroelectric Distortion

The rhombohedralα-GeTe can be approximated as a slightly distorted rock-salt structure along its[111]direction and possesses superb thermoelectric performance.However,the role of such a ferroelectric-like structural distortion on its transport properties remains unclear.Herein,we performed a systematic study on the crystal structure and electronic band structure evolutions of Ge_(1-x)Sn_(x)Te alloys where the degree of ferroelectric distortion is continuously tuned.It is revealed that the band gap is maximized while multiple valence bands are converged at x=0.6,where the ferroelectric distortion is the least but still works.Once undistorted,the band gap is considerably reduced,and the valence bands are largely separated again.Moreover,near the ferro-to-paraelectric phase transition Curie temperature,the lattice thermal conductivity reaches its minima because of significant lattice softening enabled by ferroelectric instability.We predict a peak ZT value of 2.6 at 673 K inα-GeTe by use of proper dopants which are powerful in suppressing the excess hole concentrations but meanwhile exert little influence on the ferroelectric distortion.

Channel estimation in integrated radar and communication systems with power amplifier distortion

To reduce the negative impact of the power amplifier(PA)nonlinear distortion caused by the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing(OFDM)waveform with high peak-to-average power ratio(PAPR)in integrated radar and communication(RadCom)systems is studied,the channel estimation in passive sensing scenarios.Adaptive channel estimation methods are proposed based on different pilot patterns,considering nonlinear distortion and channel sparsity.The proposed methods achieve sparse channel results by manipulating the least squares(LS)frequency-domain channel estimation results to preserve the most significant taps.The decision-aided method is used to optimize the sparse channel results to reduce the effect of nonlinear distortion.Numerical results show that the channel estimation performance of the proposed methods is better than that of the conventional methods under different pilot patterns.In addition,the bit error rate performance in communication and passive radar detection performance show that the proposed methods have good comprehensive performance.

Computational Quantification of Map Projection Distortion by Fractal Dimension of Coastlines

Maps, essential tools for portraying the Earth’s surface, inherently introduce distortions to geographical features. While various quantification methods exist for assessing these distortions, they often fall short when evaluating actual geographic features. In our study, we took a novel approach by analyzing map projection distortion from a geometric perspective. We computed the fractal dimensions of different stretches of coastline before and after projection using the divide-and-conquer algorithm and image processing. Our findings revealed that map projections, even when preserving basic shapes, inevitably stretch and compress coastlines in diverse directions. This analysis method provides a more realistic and practical way to measure map-induced distortions, with significant implications for cartography, geographic information systems (GIS), and geomorphology. By bridging the gap between theoretical analysis and real-world features, this method greatly enhances accuracy and practicality when evaluating map projections.

DISTORTION THEOREMS FOR CLASSES OF g-PARAMETRIC STARLIKE MAPPINGS OF REAL ORDER IN C^(n)

In this paper,we define the class S_(g)^(BX)of g-parametric starlike mappings of real order γ on the unit ball BX in a complex Banach space X,where g is analytic and satisfies certain conditions.By establishing the distortion theorem of the Fr´echet-derivative type of S_(g)^(BX)with a weak restrictive condition,we further obtain the distortion results of the Jacobi-determinant type and the Fr´echet-derivative type for the corresponding classes(compared with S_(g)^(BX))defined on the unit polydisc(resp.unit ball with the arbitrary norm)in the space of n-dimensional complex variables,n≥2.Our results extend the classic distortion theorem of holomorphic functions from the case in one-dimensional complex space to the case in the higher dimensional complex space.The main theorems also generalize and improve some recent works.

Distortion product otoacoustic emissions in newborn babies with and without late-term maternal iron deficiency anaemia

Background:Studies on animals have demonstrated that maternal iron deficiency anaemia(IDA)could result in decreased cochlear sensory hair cells and reduced amplitudes of distortion-product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAEs)of young guinea pigs.Thus,it is essential to study the functioning of cochlear hair cells using DPOAEs in human newborn babies with maternal IDA.The current study explores maternal IDA’s effect on DPOAEs in newborn babies.Method:A total of 110 newborn babies with gestational age≥34 weeks were considered and a‘betweensubjects’design was used.The participants were divided into 3 groups-“Normal”(61 babies without maternal IDA),“Mild”(28 babies with mild maternal IDA)and“Moderate”(21 babies with moderate maternal IDA).The cord blood was collected and the DPOAEs were recorded for each baby for a range of frequencies(1 k 8 kHz)and a range of intensities(7040 dB SPL in 10 dB steps).Results:The analysis of both DP-gram and DP input-output(I/O)function showed that there was no significant difference(p>0.05)across the normal,mild,and moderate groups in the overall presence of DPOAEs as well as the amplitude across frequencies or intensities(7040 dB SPL).Also,the overall correlation of RBC indices with DPOAE amplitude across frequencies as well as the slope of the I/O function showed no relationship.Conclusion:The current study concludes that there is no effect of late-term maternal IDA on the DPOAEs of newborn babies.

Out-of-plane weak ferromagnetism at room temperature in lattice-distortion non-collinear antiferromagnet of single-crystal Mn_(3)Sn

Out-of-plane weak ferromagnetic(OWFM)spin arrangements with topological properties can realize a series of interesting physical properties.However,this spin structure tends to exist at low temperatures.The OWFM structure can also be induced at room temperature by hydrostatic pressure,whereas this isotropic approach tends to form helical AFM structures.We report the OWFM spin arrangement in single crystal Mn_(3)Sn by an anisotropic strategy of high-stressconstrained compression deformation at room temperature.Both experimental and theoretical simulation results show that the alignment of the OWFM spin structure is due to the distortion of the atomic scale caused by the strain energy during deformation.The OWFM spin arrangement can significantly change the magnetic property of Mn_(3)Sn.As a result,the remanent magnetization M_(r)for the deformed sample(0.056μ_(B)/f.u.)is about eleven times that for the pre-deformed sample(0.005μ_(B)/f.u.),and the coercivity(H_(c))increases from 0 k Oe(pre-deformed sample)to 6.02 k Oe(deformed sample).Our findings provide a way to generate the OWFM spin structure at room temperature and may give fresh ideas for creating antiferromagnetic materials with excellent physical properties.

Distortion Evaluation of EMP Sensors Using Associated-Hermite Functions

Electromagnetic pulse(EMP)is a kind of transient electromagnetic phenomenon with short rise time of the leading edge and wide spectrum,which usually disrupts communications and damages electronic equipment and system.It is challenging for an EMP sensor to measure a wideband electromagnetic pulse without distortion for the whole spectrum.Therefore,analyzing the distortion of EMP measurement is crucial to evaluating the sensor distortion characteristics and correcting the measurement results.Waveform fidelity is usually employed to evaluate the distortion of an antenna.However,this metric depends on specific signal waveforms,thus is unsuitable for evaluating and analyzing the distortion of EMP sensors.In this paper,an associated-hermite-function based distortion analysis method including system transfer matrices and distortion rates is proposed,which is general and independent from individual waveforms.The system transfer matrix and distortion rate can be straightforwardly calculated by the signal orthogonal transformation coefficients using associated-hermite functions.Distortion of a sensor vs.frequency is then visualized via the system transfer matrix,which is convenient in quantitative analysis of the distortion.Measurement of a current probe,a coaxial pulse voltage probe and a B-field sensor were performed,based on which the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed distortion analysis method is successfully verified.

地下洞室变形破坏物理模拟的力学相似畸变映射原理与实例分析

相似物理模拟是研究地下工程变形破坏问题的重要手段,然而经典相似理论关于相似模型与工程原型之间的几何相似比和材料力学参数相似比的相互约束,导致室内物理相似模型尺寸和材料力学参数一直面临难以完全满足相似准则的困局,从而产生力学畸变和模拟试验结果解译困难。为此,提出了地下洞室变形破坏物理模拟的力学相似畸变映射处理方法,引进畸变系数和映射系数,通过耦合解析法或数值法来映射畸变效应,实现地下洞室物理模拟结果对原型力学行为的定量解译;以圆形隧洞为工程原型,采用水泥基3D打印隧洞物理模型进行相似物理超载试验,基于提出的耦合力学相似畸变法与解析法对物理模拟结果进行了定量分析和对比验证;以某水电站地下洞室群为研究原型,通过砂岩3D打印洞室群物理模型的超载试验获得洞室破坏的变形值,采用耦合力学相似畸变法与数值方法对物理模拟结果进行定量分析。实例分析结果表明,在物理相似模拟中几何相似比和力学相似比不满足经典相似准则条件下,该方法可实现圆形隧洞或复杂洞室群原型的相似物理模拟结果的定量映射分析,对非恒定相似比的地下洞室物理模拟畸变分析具有普适性。

基于光纤传感器的视频图像几何失真校正方法

视频图像在传播过程中会出现信息畸变,致使图像几何失真,为此提出基于光纤传感器的视频图像几何失真校正方法。分析视频图像像素节点在光敏区域分布情况,提取亚像素视差信息,通过面阵CCD图像传感器获取畸变视频图像;利用畸变曲线近似模型计算出视频图像畸变率,确定畸变图像坐标,并结合双线性灰度插值算法推导校正参数,实现视频图像的几何失真校正。实验结果表明,所提方法能够有效校正不同种类的视频图像几何畸变,校正后的图像与原图像相似度高超过0.97,图像边缘模糊程度降低,提高了图像的视觉观测效果。

可见光通信网络信号非线性失真自适应校正方法研究

可见光通信网络是现今通信领域中的主要构成部分之一,但其应用的物理设备(LED照明设备)具有非线性特征,致使可见光通信网络信号出现非线性失真情况,影响着用户通信的质量,故提出可见光通信网络信号非线性失真自适应校正方法研究。通过深入分析可知信号非线性失真分为非线性转换失真和非线性限幅失真,以此为基础,设计信号非线性失真校正电路(DG预失真校正电路与DP预失真校正电路),引入自适应算法制定信号非线性失真自适应校正架构,确定信号非线性失真自适应校正公式,从而实现了信号非线性失真的有效校正。实验数据显示:应用提出方法获得的信号非线性失真自适应校正结果中不存在非线性失真现象,通信信号接收误码率最小值为3%,充分证实了提出方法应用性能更加优质。

耳蜗基膜响应随强度灵敏度衰减的畸变

听力衰退的一个直接表现是听觉强度感知灵敏度下降,听觉阈限提高。为探索与此相伴影响语音感知清晰度的耳蜗听觉信息表达的其他变化,改善助听器听力康复效果,本研究通过动物实验观察了耳蜗基膜振动在强度响应灵敏度下降时的其他响应特征变化。结果显示,随着耳蜗振动幅度响应灵敏度的下降,耳蜗基膜振动幅度随激励声压的增长从非线性渐趋于线性;基膜振动的频率成分中组合频率成分幅度逐渐减小,直至消失;基膜调谐曲线逐渐钝化,调谐频率逐渐向高频偏移。

液晶空间光调制器及其在自适应光学中的应用

液晶空间光调制器(LC-SLM)通过对液晶折射率的调制来实现对光程的控制,在自适应光学中起着重要的作用。文章梳理了国内外LC-SLM的发展现状,对LC-SLM的工作原理和相位标定原理进行了详细介绍,针对LC-SLM在自适应光学中的应用,对国内外LC-SLM关键技术研究状况进行了讨论,分析总结了西安理工大学在该领域的实验研究。最后展望了LC-SLM的应用前景。

偏载作用下薄壁箱梁空间整体效应的综合分析

为了研究斜腹板箱梁在竖向偏心荷载作用下的受力性能,在合理构造各翘曲位移函数的基础上,用能量变分法建立全面反映竖向弯曲变形以及剪力滞、约束扭转、畸变等翘曲变形的控制微分方程,通过对既有文献中的模型梁进行计算分析,明确剪力滞、约束扭转及畸变翘曲应力在竖向弯曲应力中的占比情况,并揭示各翘曲广义内力的分布规律。结果表明:按文章解析法求得的模型梁应力理论值与实测值吻合良好,从而验证文章方法的合理性;在偏载作用下箱梁的约束扭转微分方程与畸变微分方程是相互耦联的,这在已有文献中往往被忽略;在剪力滞、约束扭转及畸变翘曲应力中,畸变翘曲应力占据主导地位,剪力滞和约束扭转翘曲应力相对较小,但仍不可忽略,在控制截面上因各种翘曲变形引起的应力放大系数达到1.362;偏心集中荷载引起的各翘曲广义内力均具有快速衰减的分布规律,剪力滞和约束扭转广义内力分布范围很小,而畸变广义内力分布范围广阔。建议在桥梁设计规范相关条文及实际箱梁桥设计中,对畸变效应给予充分重视。

矩形上全组合偏差的极值问题

根据Kalaj在圆环上给出的全组合偏差定义,给出了矩形上全组合偏差和组合偏差的定义.同时,在从矩形到矩形上并保持端点的所有同胚映射类中,分别考虑了组合偏差和全组合偏差的极值问题,利用面积长度方法和均值不等式证明了仿射映射为此两类极值问题的唯一解.该结果推广了相关文献的结果.

胎儿脑中线弯曲的产前诊断及妊娠结局分析

目的分析胎儿脑中线弯曲的超声和磁共振成像(MRI)表现及妊娠结局,探讨胎儿脑中线弯曲对严重神经系统异常的提示价值。方法选取2018年3月至2023年4月于首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院产前常规超声检查发现胎儿脑中线弯曲的孕妇,分析其超声和MRI影像学资料、遗传学检查结果及妊娠结局。结果12例为胎儿脑中线整体弯曲,6例为胎儿脑中线局部弯曲。整体弯曲的12例中11例为颅内多发异常,主要异常包括2例半侧巨脑畸形、3例脑皮质发育异常、3例双侧脑室重度增宽、2例单侧脑室重度增宽、1例疑似颅内出血及1例颅板下蛛网膜囊肿,其中1例合并颅外异常即法洛四联症。6例脑中线局部弯曲的病例中,5例诊断为脑皮质发育异常,1例诊断为颅内占位;5例脑皮质发育异常的病例中3例通过产前超声诊断,余2例通过MRI诊断;6例胎儿均未发现合并其他系统异常。脑中线整体弯曲的病例中4例进行遗传学检查,核型均未见异常。脑中线局部弯曲的病例中3例进行遗传学检查,包括1例核型及拷贝数变异(CNV)未见异常;1例CNV未见异常;1列核型及CNV未见异常,而全外显子检测显示TUBB3基因新发突变。12例脑中线整体弯曲的病例中8例选择终止妊娠,2例失访,2例继续妊娠并分娩,其中1例患儿在11月龄时行法洛四联症矫正手术时死亡,另1例患儿出生后行颅内囊肿分流术,术后新生儿生长发育正常。而6例脑中线局部弯曲的病例均选择终止妊娠。结论脑中线弯曲通常合并严重的颅内异常,与不良妊娠结局相关。脑中线局部弯曲是提示脑皮质发育异常的重要超声指标。产前如发现脑中线弯曲,必须进行胎儿神经学超声及头颅MRI检查以明确诊断,并尽量完善遗传学检查。

基于均匀相位采样提高阻抗谱测量精度的研究

周期性信号采样中,等效采样利用较低采样频率的A/D转换实现高频周期信号的采集,一定程度上弥补欠采样测量精度低的缺陷。为了有效地提高高频测量中阻抗谱测量精度与稳定性,提出一种基于等效采样思想的均匀相位采样的阻抗谱测量方法。利用单片机共时钟基准的模/数转换器(digital to analog convertor,DAC)与数/模转换器(analog to digital convertor,ADC)模块,在完成激励信号产生、输入输出信号同步采集的基础上,合理设计激励信号频率、采集频率与信号重构方法,实现高频信号单周期内均匀相位分布的等效高频采样,同时为克服常规A/D转换速度条件下难以准确实现高频阻抗谱测量的问题提供了新思路。从误差假设与拟合算法的角度,理论上分析证明了该方法降低误差的原因。并通过两种等效电路模型的阻抗谱测量对比实验,表明该方法在所设计的20~100 kHz高频段上,阻抗测量精度与稳定性得到了显著的提高。

考虑约束扭转二次剪力流影响的箱梁畸变效应分析

为了揭示箱梁约束扭转和畸变之间的耦联关系,研究约束扭转对箱梁畸变效应的影响,根据约束扭转二次剪力流形成的畸变荷载,建立了考虑约束扭转的箱梁畸变控制微分方程.基于乌曼斯基第二理论,提出约束扭转剪力流是基于约束扭转引起的畸变效应修正后的总扭矩布雷特剪力流,并通过Ansys有限元模型和能量法计算结果对理论公式进行了验证.数值算例结果表明:2种不同约束扭转剪力流分解方法计算所得结果完全一致;不同计算点处的约束扭转剪应力与Ansys有限元法计算结果吻合良好;扭转畸变翘曲总正应力、畸变翘曲正应力均与按能量法计算所得结果吻合良好,误差不超过10%.计入约束扭转二次剪应力的影响能够更准确地计算箱梁畸变效应.