Based on the remote sensing images of algae, the present work analyzes the horizontal distribution characteristics of algal blooms in Chaohu Lake, China, which also reveals the frequency of algal blooms under differen...Based on the remote sensing images of algae, the present work analyzes the horizontal distribution characteristics of algal blooms in Chaohu Lake, China, which also reveals the frequency of algal blooms under different wind directions. Further, an unstructured-grid, three-dimensional finite-volume coastal ocean model （FVCOM） is applied to investigate the wind-induced currents and the transport pro- cess to explain the reason why algal blooms occur at the detected places. We first deduce the primary distribution of biomass from overlaid satellite images, and explain the formation mechanism by analyzing the pollution sources, and simulating the flow field and transportation process under prevailing wind over Chaohu Lake. And then, we consider the adjustment action of the wind on the corresponding day and develop a two-time scale approach to describe the whole formation process of algae horizontal distribution in Chaohu Lake. That is, on the longer time scale, i.e., during bloom season, prevailing wind determines the primary distribution of biomass by inducing the characteristic flow field; on the shorter time scale, i.e., on the day when bloom occurs, the wind force adjusts the primary distribution of biomass to form the final distribution of algal bloom.展开更多
We use the strong field approximation with a time window function controlling the release time of electrons to study the intra-cycle and inter-cycle interferences in few-cycle intense laser pulses impinging on He. The...We use the strong field approximation with a time window function controlling the release time of electrons to study the intra-cycle and inter-cycle interferences in few-cycle intense laser pulses impinging on He. The diffraction fringes, i.e., the vertical stripe-like structure, observed in the experimental two-dimensional photoelectron momentum distributions of Gopal et al. （2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 053001） have been attributed to the interplay of the intra- and inter-cycle interferences. The pure numerical calculations by solving the time-dependent Schrrdinger equation are also performed and the results are compared with the experimental measurements directly. It has been found that the position of the stripe-like structure can be used to determine the duration of the laser pulses used in experiments.展开更多
Under some assumptions and dividing the combustion space into several isothermal zones and isothermal surface elements, a two-dimensional mathematical model for combustion space in cross-fired glass melting furnaces w...Under some assumptions and dividing the combustion space into several isothermal zones and isothermal surface elements, a two-dimensional mathematical model for combustion space in cross-fired glass melting furnaces was constructed. The finite element method and the Gauss integration were used to calculate direct ex-change areas, and a inverse matrix was used to obtained the total ex-change areas. The temperature distributions were obtained by itera-tions. Some results were presented to show the effects of the fire tem-perature distribution, the convective -heat transfer coefficients and the heat losses through crown surfaces on the temperature distributions.展开更多
目的:基于网络药理学和分子对接技术分析山楂叶治疗2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)的作用机制。方法:从中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platfor...目的:基于网络药理学和分子对接技术分析山楂叶治疗2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)的作用机制。方法:从中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform, TCMSP)、BATMAN、HERB、SymMap、TCM-ID等数据库筛选山楂叶中的化学成分,构建山楂叶化学成分库并导入SwissADME数据库筛选山楂叶的活性成分,从Swiss Target Prediction数据库检索相关文献并获取山楂叶的潜在靶点。利用DrugBank、TTD、GeneCards、CTD、OMIM数据库检索T2DM相关靶点,绘制韦恩图得到两者的交集靶点。借助STRING数据库和Cytoscape 3.9.1软件构建蛋白质相互作用网络,进行拓扑分析从而筛选关键靶点和核心成分,并采用AutoDock 4.2.6软件进行分子对接验证。在DAVID 6.8数据库中进行基因本体(gene ontology, GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)通路富集分析,并筛选关键通路。利用BioGPS和The Human Protein Atlas数据库分析关键组织及高表达基因在不同细胞的分布情况。结果:山楂叶活性成分92个及潜在靶点622个,山楂叶与T2DM的交集靶点306个,进一步筛选得到16个关键靶点,包括ALB、GAPDH、IL-6、SRC、TNF、AKT1、EGFR、VEGFA、MAPK3、ESR1、STAT3、PTGS2、mTOR、HSP90AA1、NR3C1、PPARA。山楂叶核心成分28个,包括α-亚麻酸、柚皮素、桑黄素等。KEGG富集分析筛选得到170条通路,其中血糖调节相关通路包括AGE-RAGE信号通路在糖尿病并发症中的作用、PI3K-Akt信号通路、血管内皮生长因子信号通路、胰岛素抵抗、胰岛素信号通路等。分子对接结果显示,14个关键靶点与27个核心成分均具有良好的亲和力和结合活性。交集基因在甲状腺、肝脏、心脏和肺中的数量最多,主要分布在甲状腺腺细胞、肝细胞、肺泡细胞、平滑肌细胞等。结论:山楂叶治疗T2DM具有多成分、多靶点、多通路、多组织的特点,其可能通过柚皮素、桑黄素、木犀草素等多种活性成分作用于IL-6、AKT1、VEGFA、STAT3等关键靶点,调节AGE-RAGE信号通路、胰岛素抵抗等多条通路。展开更多
Au nanoparticles are expected for the media to transfer genes into plants. However, the control of particle size distribution （PSD） and shape of Au nanoparticles is too difficult to design and prepare particles with...Au nanoparticles are expected for the media to transfer genes into plants. However, the control of particle size distribution （PSD） and shape of Au nanoparticles is too difficult to design and prepare particles with suitable quality for the gene supporting media. Reduction crystal- lization experiments were performed in aqueous solution in order to clarify the effect of feeding conditions such as feeding profile, feeding rate, and feeding amount on PSD and shape of Au nanopartieles. Ascorbic acid （AsA） was selected as a reducing agent because it is safe for plants. Au particles of 50nm, 50-200nm, and 150-400nm were obtained in batch operation, single-jet, and double-jet, respectively. Moreover, in single-jet and double-jet, the mean size of the obtained Au particles increases with the decrease of feeding rate or the increase of feeding amount. It is concluded that PSD of Au nanoparticles can be controlled in the range of 50-400 nm by changing feeding conditions of AsA and HAuCl4 aqueous solution.展开更多
基金supported by the Hundred Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Natural Science Fundation of China for Distinguished Young Scholar(10825211)
文摘Based on the remote sensing images of algae, the present work analyzes the horizontal distribution characteristics of algal blooms in Chaohu Lake, China, which also reveals the frequency of algal blooms under different wind directions. Further, an unstructured-grid, three-dimensional finite-volume coastal ocean model （FVCOM） is applied to investigate the wind-induced currents and the transport pro- cess to explain the reason why algal blooms occur at the detected places. We first deduce the primary distribution of biomass from overlaid satellite images, and explain the formation mechanism by analyzing the pollution sources, and simulating the flow field and transportation process under prevailing wind over Chaohu Lake. And then, we consider the adjustment action of the wind on the corresponding day and develop a two-time scale approach to describe the whole formation process of algae horizontal distribution in Chaohu Lake. That is, on the longer time scale, i.e., during bloom season, prevailing wind determines the primary distribution of biomass by inducing the characteristic flow field; on the shorter time scale, i.e., on the day when bloom occurs, the wind force adjusts the primary distribution of biomass to form the final distribution of algal bloom.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11274219 and 11264036)the STU Scientific Research Foundation forTalentsthe Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry,China
文摘We use the strong field approximation with a time window function controlling the release time of electrons to study the intra-cycle and inter-cycle interferences in few-cycle intense laser pulses impinging on He. The diffraction fringes, i.e., the vertical stripe-like structure, observed in the experimental two-dimensional photoelectron momentum distributions of Gopal et al. （2009 Phys. Rev. Lett. 103 053001） have been attributed to the interplay of the intra- and inter-cycle interferences. The pure numerical calculations by solving the time-dependent Schrrdinger equation are also performed and the results are compared with the experimental measurements directly. It has been found that the position of the stripe-like structure can be used to determine the duration of the laser pulses used in experiments.
文摘Under some assumptions and dividing the combustion space into several isothermal zones and isothermal surface elements, a two-dimensional mathematical model for combustion space in cross-fired glass melting furnaces was constructed. The finite element method and the Gauss integration were used to calculate direct ex-change areas, and a inverse matrix was used to obtained the total ex-change areas. The temperature distributions were obtained by itera-tions. Some results were presented to show the effects of the fire tem-perature distribution, the convective -heat transfer coefficients and the heat losses through crown surfaces on the temperature distributions.
文摘目的:基于网络药理学和分子对接技术分析山楂叶治疗2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM)的作用机制。方法:从中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform, TCMSP)、BATMAN、HERB、SymMap、TCM-ID等数据库筛选山楂叶中的化学成分,构建山楂叶化学成分库并导入SwissADME数据库筛选山楂叶的活性成分,从Swiss Target Prediction数据库检索相关文献并获取山楂叶的潜在靶点。利用DrugBank、TTD、GeneCards、CTD、OMIM数据库检索T2DM相关靶点,绘制韦恩图得到两者的交集靶点。借助STRING数据库和Cytoscape 3.9.1软件构建蛋白质相互作用网络,进行拓扑分析从而筛选关键靶点和核心成分,并采用AutoDock 4.2.6软件进行分子对接验证。在DAVID 6.8数据库中进行基因本体(gene ontology, GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes, KEGG)通路富集分析,并筛选关键通路。利用BioGPS和The Human Protein Atlas数据库分析关键组织及高表达基因在不同细胞的分布情况。结果:山楂叶活性成分92个及潜在靶点622个,山楂叶与T2DM的交集靶点306个,进一步筛选得到16个关键靶点,包括ALB、GAPDH、IL-6、SRC、TNF、AKT1、EGFR、VEGFA、MAPK3、ESR1、STAT3、PTGS2、mTOR、HSP90AA1、NR3C1、PPARA。山楂叶核心成分28个,包括α-亚麻酸、柚皮素、桑黄素等。KEGG富集分析筛选得到170条通路,其中血糖调节相关通路包括AGE-RAGE信号通路在糖尿病并发症中的作用、PI3K-Akt信号通路、血管内皮生长因子信号通路、胰岛素抵抗、胰岛素信号通路等。分子对接结果显示,14个关键靶点与27个核心成分均具有良好的亲和力和结合活性。交集基因在甲状腺、肝脏、心脏和肺中的数量最多,主要分布在甲状腺腺细胞、肝细胞、肺泡细胞、平滑肌细胞等。结论:山楂叶治疗T2DM具有多成分、多靶点、多通路、多组织的特点,其可能通过柚皮素、桑黄素、木犀草素等多种活性成分作用于IL-6、AKT1、VEGFA、STAT3等关键靶点,调节AGE-RAGE信号通路、胰岛素抵抗等多条通路。
文摘Au nanoparticles are expected for the media to transfer genes into plants. However, the control of particle size distribution （PSD） and shape of Au nanoparticles is too difficult to design and prepare particles with suitable quality for the gene supporting media. Reduction crystal- lization experiments were performed in aqueous solution in order to clarify the effect of feeding conditions such as feeding profile, feeding rate, and feeding amount on PSD and shape of Au nanopartieles. Ascorbic acid （AsA） was selected as a reducing agent because it is safe for plants. Au particles of 50nm, 50-200nm, and 150-400nm were obtained in batch operation, single-jet, and double-jet, respectively. Moreover, in single-jet and double-jet, the mean size of the obtained Au particles increases with the decrease of feeding rate or the increase of feeding amount. It is concluded that PSD of Au nanoparticles can be controlled in the range of 50-400 nm by changing feeding conditions of AsA and HAuCl4 aqueous solution.
