基于CNN的OCR技术在核电厂DCS系统测试中的应用和实现

核电厂分布式控制系统(DCS)的输入/输出模块在运行期间,随着电子器件性能下降以及时漂的影响,需要定期进行进度复测和校准。针对传统的DCS输入/输出通道测试覆盖率不足,测试效率低及人因问题,本文提出一种基于卷积神经网络(CNN)的光学字符识别(OCR)技术应用在DCS系统的在线测试方法。通过模拟设备和视频采集设备完成画面的自动切换,并读取画面信息,截取特定画面后对其图像预处理,再使用OCR识别模型识别画面内容,将得到的识别结果与期望值进行比较判断,从而实现自动化测试。测试结果表明,通过CNN训练后,显控设备画面字符识别率能达到100%,该方法可以突破设备厂家的专有通信协议的壁垒,可有效降低操作员的人因失误,提升测试效率和核电厂的经济性。

DCS控制器中电表接触传感器计量误差检测方法

由于DCS控制器中电表传感器在计量检测过程中,传统的B-MAC-DCS协议能耗和丢包率较高,无法缓解汇聚节点的漏斗效应,导致在远程抄表过程中传感器计量误差增大。提出一种机械电表接触传感器计量误差检测方法。采用小波基函数对DCS控制器中的接触传感器计量数据抗干扰处理,并通过动态选取阈值的方法,对经过小波变换后的数据去除噪声。使用低功耗自适应集簇分层型(low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy,LEACH)协议分簇代替传统的B-MAC协议;根据簇内监测值,引入阈值分析方法获取传感器计量指标,并将其作为判定依据进行误差检测,根据计量指标的变化情况判断是否存在计量误差。实验结果表明,所提方法可以准确且有效检测出机械电表接触传感器计量误差,解决DCS中机械电表的运行隐患问题。

Optimal Configuration of Fault Location Measurement Points in DC Distribution Networks Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

The escalating deployment of distributed power sources and random loads in DC distribution networks hasamplified the potential consequences of faults if left uncontrolled. To expedite the process of achieving an optimalconfiguration of measurement points, this paper presents an optimal configuration scheme for fault locationmeasurement points in DC distribution networks based on an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm.Initially, a measurement point distribution optimization model is formulated, leveraging compressive sensing.The model aims to achieve the minimum number of measurement points while attaining the best compressivesensing reconstruction effect. It incorporates constraints from the compressive sensing algorithm and networkwide viewability. Subsequently, the traditional particle swarm algorithm is enhanced by utilizing the Haltonsequence for population initialization, generating uniformly distributed individuals. This enhancement reducesindividual search blindness and overlap probability, thereby promoting population diversity. Furthermore, anadaptive t-distribution perturbation strategy is introduced during the particle update process to enhance the globalsearch capability and search speed. The established model for the optimal configuration of measurement points issolved, and the results demonstrate the efficacy and practicality of the proposed method. The optimal configurationreduces the number of measurement points, enhances localization accuracy, and improves the convergence speedof the algorithm. These findings validate the effectiveness and utility of the proposed approach.

Research on Scheduling Strategy of Flexible Interconnection Distribution Network Considering Distributed Photovoltaic and Hydrogen Energy Storage

Distributed photovoltaic(PV)is one of the important power sources for building a new power system with new energy as the main body.The rapid development of distributed PV has brought new challenges to the operation of distribution networks.In order to improve the absorption ability of large-scale distributed PV access to the distribution network,the AC/DC hybrid distribution network is constructed based on flexible interconnection technology,and a coordinated scheduling strategy model of hydrogen energy storage(HS)and distributed PV is established.Firstly,the mathematical model of distributed PV and HS system is established,and a comprehensive energy storage system combining seasonal hydrogen energy storage(SHS)and battery(BT)is proposed.Then,a flexible interconnected distribution network scheduling optimization model is established to minimize the total active power loss,voltage deviation and system operating cost.Finally,simulation analysis is carried out on the improved IEEE33 node,the NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve specific examples,and the optimal scheduling results of the comprehensive economy and power quality of the distribution network are obtained.Compared with the method that does not consider HS and flexible interconnection technology,the network loss and voltage deviation of this method are lower,and the total system cost can be reduced by 3.55%,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.

DCS在电除尘系统自动控制的应用研究

传统的电除尘器自动控制系统采用可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)控制,其逻辑复杂、可读性差、可维护性低。PLC系统无法与主控系统完成一体化,导致工艺上的割裂,额外地增加了运维成本。本文提出了一种基于分散控制系统(DCS)的电除尘器自动控制方案。

DCS系统在燃气输配控制中的应用研究进展

为探讨DCS系统在燃气输配控制中的应用,并分析其通过实时监测和控制关键参数来提高系统效率和安全性的能力。采用DCS系统对天然气输配网络进行实时监测和控制。通过对天然气管道的压力、温度、流量等关键参数进行实时采集和调节,确保系统运行在稳定、高效的状态。同时,利用DCS系统的强大数据采集、处理和分析能力,对输配过程中的故障和异常情况进行快速诊断和处理,以提高故障排除的效率。此外,DCS系统还支持网络化和远程控制功能,实现对不同地理位置的天然气输配网络的集中监管和管理。结果表明:通过应用DCS系统,燃气输配控制实现了高效、准确和可靠的管理。实时监测和调节关键参数确保了系统运行的安全性和稳定性。快速诊断和处理故障和异常情况提高了故障排除的效率。网络化和远程控制功能实现了对不同地理位置的天然气输配网络的统一监管和管理,提高了管理效率。DCS系统在燃气输配控制中的应用具有重要意义和潜力。通过实时监测和控制关键参数,可以提高系统的效率和安全性。然而,该系统的应用也面临一些挑战,如高成本、技术难题以及应急处理等方面的问题。因此,需要进一步的技术研发和应用实践来不断提升DCS系统的性能和可靠性,以更好地满足燃气输配控制的需求。

Operation Control Method of Relay Protection in Flexible DC Distribution Network Compatible with Distributed Power Supply

A novel operation control method for relay protection in flexible DC distribution networks with distributed power supply is proposed to address the issue of inaccurate fault location during relay protection,leading to poor performance.The method combines a fault-tolerant fault location method based on long-term and short-term memory networks to accurately locate the fault section.Then,an operation control method for relay protection based on adaptive weight and whale optimization algorithm(WOA)is used to construct an objective function considering the shortest relay protection action time and the smallest impulse current.The adaptive weight and WOA are employed to obtain the optimal strategy for relay protection operation control,reducing the action time and impulse current.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately locating faults and improving relay protection performance.The longest operation time is reduced by 4.7023 s,and the maximum impulse current is limited to 0.3 A,effectively controlling the impact of large impulse currents and enhancing control efficiency.

DCS安全通信网络搭建探析

随着信息技术的飞速发展,分布式控制系统(Distributed Control System,DCS)已成为多种工业过程中不可或缺的组成部分。但随之而来的是日益严峻的网络安全挑战。本研究先分析DCS安全通信网络系统的架构设计,接着介绍一种新的基于现场可编程门阵列(Field-Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)技术的安全通信网络实现方案,旨在为DCS安全通信网络的搭建提供理论依据和技术指导,对促进工业环境中的网络安全具有重要意义。

DCS网络安全维护在电力系统监控中的关键技术研究与应用

随着信息技术的不断发展和普及,电力系统监控与控制逐渐向数字化、自动化以及智能化方向发展。同时,网络安全面临的挑战日益严峻。电力系统作为关乎国家经济安全和民生福祉的重要基础设施,其安全稳定运行对于社会的正常运转至关重要。分布式控制系统(Distributed Control System,DCS)作为电力系统监控与控制的核心系统,承担着实时监测、数据采集以及远程控制等重要任务,其安全性直接关系到整个电力系统的安全和稳定运行。文章从DCS网络安全维护的角度出发,探讨在电力系统监控与控制中的关键技术和应用策略。

A Cogeneration System for an Apartment Building Based on Distributed Heat Storage Technology

In order for economically viable distributed generation systems for apartment buildings to spread, it is essential to develop an efficient and low-cost heat supply system. We have developed a new eogeneration system called the Neighboring Cogeneration system （NCG）. The key concept of this system is to install a heat accumulator with a hot water supply and a room heating function at each household and to connect different households by a single loop of hot water pipe. As a result, time leveling of the heat supply and heat transferring among households becomes possible. Thus, the costs of the pipe and the heat source equipment decrease. Furthermore, because all of the heat accumulators store heat, the total heat storage capacity is large enough for cogeneration to generate exhaust heat according to the electricity demand and with a high operating rate. In this paper, we report the results of the NCG system for 7 lived-in households. The controlling system worked efficiently. All of the households were able to use hot water without any difficulties. Further, we report the results of the energy saving effect of the NCG system for 50 lived-in households by means of a simulation based on the experimental results for NEXT21.

基于DCS的酒店客房空调智慧控制系统设计

为响应节能降耗、精准控制的政策,对酒店空调的集中管控与房间独立控制融为一体的系统进行了设计与研究。通过对北方气候的调查,依据其气候特点,设计了基于分布式控制系统(DCS)的酒店客房空调智慧控制系统。该系统布置在酒店总控室与客房,形成三层结构:上位级组态控制画面;中间级编写控制程序;现场级(客房)通过可视面板实现客人个性化随时随意调温。基于上位级总控室对酒店空调的集中管理,可以实现对客房空调状况实时监视和远程管控,从而根据室外气温变化以及客人偏好提前对空调系统进行调控。该系统实现了对酒店空调的智慧分散控制,提升了空调利用的有效性和合理性。该系统的使用减少了工作人员数量、降低了劳动强度和中央空调的常规运行能耗,为酒店营造了舒适的入住环境。

安全级DCS网络安全标准分析与实施原则研究

随着越来越多的数字技术、通信协议和软件应用于核电厂安全级分布式控制系统(DCS),网络安全在核电厂和安全级DCS中的地位日益重要。近年来,国内外网络安全标准陆续发布。网络安全标准要求存在差异,如何选择标准要求、如何实施对应的网络安全技术需要理论支撑。通过国内外网络安全标准要求研究,给出标准实施的建议。采用对比分析方法,分析了国内外网络安全标准的差异,分析了网络安全标准要求执行的难点。结合核电安全级DCS技术背景,提出了标准要求在工程项目中应用的基本原则。考虑了安全级DCS功能安全与网络安全协调的要求。提出的原则可为安全级DCS网络安全标准要求实施、技术措施的选择提供理论依据。

核电厂建造阶段DCS跨控制器网络传输信号优化

由于分布式控制系统(DCS)网络通信设计、信号传输方式配置不合理,导致了国内核电厂多起由于DCS网络故障引发的机组非计划停机、停堆。为解决这个问题,对核电厂DCS设备设计和集成阶段开展跨控制器网络传输信号优化研究。从核电厂DCS网络设计和信号传输设计入手,深入分析原因并明确优化方向,全面排查了1900多项跨控制器网络传输信号、制定了硬接线传输的审查原则和优化方案,落实了130项参与机组重要控制、保护和联锁的跨控制器网络传输信号的优化项。此项研究有效避免了机组商运后的大量技术改造和验证工作,提高了机组商运后运行的安全性、稳定性和经济性。

Distributed Periodic Event-Triggered Optimal Control of DC Microgrids Based on Virtual Incremental Cost

This article presents a distributed periodic eventtriggered(PET)optimal control scheme to achieve generation cost minimization and average bus voltage regulation in DC microgrids.In order to accommodate the generation constraints of the distributed generators(DGs),a virtual incremental cost is firstly designed,based on which an optimality condition is derived to facilitate the control design.To meet the discrete-time(DT)nature of modern control systems,the optimal controller is directly developed in the DT domain.Afterward,to reduce the communication requirement among the controllers,a distributed event-triggered mechanism is introduced for the DT optimal controller.The event-triggered condition is detected periodically and therefore naturally avoids the Zeno phenomenon.The closed-loop system stability is proved by the Lyapunov synthesis for switched systems.The generation cost minimization and average bus voltage regulation are obtained at the equilibrium point.Finally,switch-level microgrid simulations validate the performance of the proposed optimal controller.

基于全域仿真验证的安全级DCS一体化协同设计

传统的安全级分布式控制系统(DCS)设计以单个控制站或机柜为单位开展设计工作,由于彼此之间信息交互较少,导致设计阶段的问题较多地在装配和测试环节被发现。为进一步提升安全级DCS设计效率及质量,提出了一种基于虚拟DCS的全域仿真验证技术的设计方法。在设计过程中引入一体化协同设计方法,实现了DCS系统设计、软件设计及硬件设计的深度协同;利用一体化仿真验证平台,实现对DCS软、硬件设计的一致性、外部接口的完整性及逻辑功能正确性的仿真验证;通过仿真验证能及时发现深层次的设计问题,规避了设计差错引入后续环节。该设计方法能够大幅提升安全级DCS的设计效率及质量。

Line Fault Detection of DC Distribution Networks Using the Artificial Neural Network

ADC distribution network is an effective solution for increasing renewable energy utilization with distinct benefits,such as high efficiency and easy control.However,a sudden increase in the current after the occurrence of faults in the network may adversely affect network stability.This study proposes an artificial neural network(ANN)-based fault detection and protection method for DC distribution networks.The ANN is applied to a classifier for different faults ontheDC line.The backpropagationneuralnetwork is used to predict the line current,and the fault detection threshold is obtained on the basis of the difference between the predicted current and the actual current.The proposed method only uses local signals,with no requirement of a strict communication link.Simulation experiments are conducted for the proposed algorithm on a two-terminal DC distribution network modeled in the PSCAD/EMTDC and developed on the MATLAB platform.The results confirm that the proposed method can accurately detect and classify line faults within a few milliseconds and is not affected by fault locations,fault resistance,noise,and communication delay.

Stability Analysis and Control of DC Distribution System with Electric Vehicles

The DC distribution network system equipped with a large number of power electronic equipment exhibits weak damping characteristics and is prone to low-frequency and high-frequency unstable oscillations.The current interpretation of the oscillation mechanism has not been unified.Firstly,this paper established the complete statespace model of the distribution system consisting of a large number of electric vehicles,characteristic equation of the distribution network system is derived by establishing a state-space model,and simplified reduced-order equations describing the low-frequency oscillation and the high-frequency oscillation are obtained.Secondly,based on eigenvalue analysis,the oscillation modes and the influence of the key system parameters on the oscillation mode are studied.Besides,impacts of key factors,such as distribution network connection topology and number of dynamic loads,have been discussed to suppress oscillatory instability caused by inappropriate design or dynamic interactions.Finally,using the DC distribution example system,through model calculation and time-domain simulation analysis,the correctness of the aforementioned analysis is verified.

选煤厂集散控制DCS系统的设计与实现

由于选煤厂设备类型众多,对于分散的设备难以实现集中管理,因此,在自动控制技术的基础上,设计了一种集散控制DCS系统。建立选煤厂集散控制系统框架,从硬件和软件两方面分别给出了设计方案,由微机生产管理系统、DCS-6 CPU控制系统、产品装车控制系统组成硬件系统,利用PID控制算法辅助系统硬件,将分散的设备数据集中在一起,实现对选煤厂各类设备的集散控制。将应用DCS系统前后的集散控制系统在控制范围、控制效率以及系统续航时间等方面展开实验对比,实验结果表明,应用DCS系统后,集散控制系统的控制范围有了明显增加,控制效率较应用前相比也有了显著提升,而且系统续航时间更长,对于提高洗选煤效率起到了非常重要的推动作用。

集散控制系统(DCS)网络安全问题研究与建议

随着工业互联网的发展,工业控制系统不再是封闭的信息孤岛,面临网络安全威胁逐渐增多。集散控制系统DCS作为工业控制系统中最重要的控制系统之一,其安全性决定了整个工业控制系统的安全水平。为此,本文以艾默生的分散控制系统DeltaV DCS为研究对象,对其存在的安全问题进行分析,分别从操作系统漏洞、DeltaV安全漏洞、网络通信脆弱性、安全基线配置、供应链隐患等方面进行研究,研究出艾默生DeltaV DCS存在的安全隐患,并给出安全防护建议,对提升国家工业安全防护能力、促进工业信息安全产业发展等方面具有重要意义。

煤矿选煤厂DCS集散控制输煤技术研究

针对现有输煤技术存在的控制精度较差、运煤量较低的问题,提出了DCS集散控制输煤技术。通过现场控制级网络、过程管理级网络和决策管理级网络三个层次设计DCS集散控制系统,用于煤矿选煤厂的输煤控制,在软件设计中,以可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)主控制内部的程序编辑,优化煤矿选煤厂输煤控制的安全可靠性和操作便利性,并采用差分进化算法优化PID控制器的参数,提高输煤机速度的控制精度。测试结果表明,DCS集散控制输煤技术的速度控制精度高、耗能低、运煤量高且稳定。