Security Constrained Distributed Transaction Model for Multiple Prosumers

Massive access of renewable energy has prompted demand-side distributed resources to participate in regulation and improve flexibility of power systems. With large-scale access of massive, decentralized, and diverse distributed resources, demand-side market members have transformed from traditional “consumers” to “prosumers”. To explore the distributed transaction model of prosumers, in this paper, a multi-prosumer distributed transaction model is proposed, and the Conditional Value-at-Risk (CVaR) theory is applied to quantify potential risks caused by the stochastic characteristics inherited from renewable energy. First, a prosumer model under constraints of the distribution network including photovoltaic units, fuel cells, energy storage system, central air conditioning and flexible loads is established, and a multi-prosumer distributed transaction strategy is proposed to achieve power sharing among multiple prosumers. Second, a prosumer transaction model based on CVaR is constructed to measure risks inherited from the uncertainty of PV output within the prosumer and ensure safety of system operation in extreme PV output scenarios. Then, the alternating direction multiplier method (ADMM) is utilized to solve the constructed model efficiently. Finally, distributed transaction costs of prosumers are distributed fairly based on the generalized Nash equilibrium to maximize social benefits. Simulation results show the multi-prosumer distributed transaction mechanism established under the proposed generalized Nash equilibrium method can encourage power sharing among prosumers, increasing their own income and social benefits. Also, the CVaR can assist decision making of prosumers in weighting the risks and benefits, improving system resilience through energy management of prosumers.

Distributed Photovoltaic Generation in the Electricity Market:Status,Mode and Strategy

With the increasingly serious climate change and energy crisis,photovoltaic(PV)generation,as one of the most important renewable energy resources,has experienced dramatic growth worldwide due to its environmental friendliness.How-ever,the uncertainty and intermittency of PV bring inevitable challenges to power systems.With the rapid development of distributed PV and the continuous evolution of the electricity market,increasingly high penetration levels of distributed PV generation have led to a series of problems in power system operations,such as voltage fluctuation,frequency deviation,etc.The market participation of distributed PV needs to be solved.Reasonable market participation form,market mechanism and bidding strategies are vital to the development of distributed PV in the electricity market.This paper comprehensively reviews the development and impacts of distributed PV in the electricity market and discusses the relevant market modes and bidding strategies in detail.