Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Enabled by Tailoring Additive Distribution According to the Film Growth Dynamics

Gas quenching and vacuum quenching process are widely applied to accelerate solvent volatilization to induce nucleation of perovskites in blade-coating method.In this work,we found these two pre-crystallization processes lead to different order of crystallization dynamics within the perovskite thin film,resulting in the differences of additive distribution.We then tailor-designed an additive molecule named 1,3-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)thiourea to obtain films with fewer defects and holes at the buried interface,and prepared perovskite solar cells with a certified efficiency of 23.75%.Furthermore,this work also demonstrates an efficiency of 20.18%for the large-area perovskite solar module(PSM)with an aperture area of 60.84 cm^(2).The PSM possesses remarkable continuous operation stability for maximum power point tracking of T_(90)>1000 h in ambient air.

Differential distribution of PINK1 and Parkin in the primate brain implies distinct roles

The vast majority of in vitro studies have demonstrated that PINK1 phosphorylates Parkin to work together in mitophagy to protect against neuronal degeneration.However,it remains largely unclear how PINK1 and Parkin are expressed in mammalian brains.This has been difficult to address because of the intrinsically low levels of PINK1 and undetectable levels of phosphorylated Parkin in small animals.Understanding this issue is critical for elucidating the in vivo roles of PINK1 and Parkin.Recently,we showed that the PINK1 kinase is selectively expressed as a truncated form(PINK1–55)in the primate brain.In the present study,we used multiple antibodies,including our recently developed monoclonal anti-PINK1,to validate the selective expression of PINK1 in the primate brain.We found that PINK1 was stably expressed in the monkey brain at postnatal and adulthood stages,which is consistent with the findings that depleting PINK1 can cause neuronal loss in developing and adult monkey brains.PINK1 was enriched in the membrane-bound fractionations,whereas Parkin was soluble with a distinguishable distribution.Immunofluorescent double staining experiments showed that PINK1 and Parkin did not colocalize under physiological conditions in cultured monkey astrocytes,though they did colocalize on mitochondria when the cells were exposed to mitochondrial stress.These findings suggest that PINK1 and Parkin may have distinct roles beyond their well-known function in mitophagy during mitochondrial damage.

Pretreatment red blood cell distribution width as a predictive marker for postoperative complications after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy

BACKGROUND Red blood cell distribution width(RDW)is associated with the development and progression of various diseases.AIM To explore the association between pretreatment RDW and short-term outcomes after laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy(LPD).METHODS A total of 804 consecutive patients who underwent LPD at our hospital between March 2017 and November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Correlations between pretreatment RDW and clinicopathological characteristics and short-term outcomes were investigated.RESULTS Patients with higher pretreatment RDW were older,had higher Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group scores and were associated with poorer short-term outcomes than those with normal RDW.High pretreatment RDW was an independent risk factor for postoperative complications(POCs)(hazard ratio=2.973,95%confidence interval:2.032-4.350,P<0.001)and severe POCs of grade IIIa or higher(hazard ratio=3.138,95%confidence interval:2.042-4.824,P<0.001)based on the Clavien-Dino classification system.Subgroup analysis showed that high pretreatment RDW was an independent risk factor for Clavien-Dino classi-fication grade IIIb or higher POCs,a comprehensive complication index score≥26.2,severe postoperative pancreatic fistula,severe bile leakage and severe hemorrhage.High pretreatment RDW was positively associated with the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and was negatively associated with albumin and the prognostic nutritional index.CONCLUSION Pretreatment RDW was a special parameter for patients who underwent LPD.It was associated with malnutrition,severe inflammatory status and poorer short-term outcomes.RDW could be a surrogate marker for nutritional and inflammatory status in identifying patients who were at high risk of developing POCs after LPD.

Effects of aggregate size distribution and carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties of cemented gangue backfill samples under true triaxial compression

The mechanical behavior of cemented gangue backfill materials(CGBMs)is closely related to particle size distribution(PSD)of aggregates and properties of cementitious materials.Consequently,the true triaxial compression tests,CT scanning,SEM,and EDS tests were conducted on cemented gangue backfill samples(CGBSs)with various carbon nanotube concentrations(P_(CNT))that satisfied fractal theory for the PSD of aggregates.The mechanical properties,energy dissipations,and failure mechanisms of the CGBSs under true triaxial compression were systematically analyzed.The results indicate that appropriate carbon nanotubes(CNTs)effectively enhance the mechanical properties and energy dissipations of CGBSs through micropore filling and microcrack bridging,and the optimal effect appears at P_(CNT)of 0.08wt%.Taking PSD fractal dimension(D)of 2.500 as an example,compared to that of CGBS without CNT,the peak strength(σ_(p)),axial peak strain(ε_(1,p)),elastic strain energy(Ue),and dissipated energy(U_(d))increased by 12.76%,29.60%,19.05%,and90.39%,respectively.However,excessive CNTs can reduce the mechanical properties of CGBSs due to CNT agglomeration,manifesting a decrease inρ_(p),ε_(1,p),and the volumetric strain increment(Δε_(v))when P_(CNT)increases from 0.08wt%to 0.12wt%.Moreover,the addition of CNTs improved the integrity of CGBS after macroscopic failure,and crack extension in CGBSs appeared in two modes:detour and pass through the aggregates.Theσ_(p)and U_(d)firstly increase and then decrease with increasing D,and porosity shows the opposite trend.Theε_(1,p)andΔε_(v)are negatively correlated with D,and CGBS with D=2.150 has the maximum deformation parameters(ε_(1,p)=0.05079,Δε_(v)=0.01990)due to the frictional slip effect caused by coarse aggregates.With increasing D,the failure modes of CGBSs are sequentially manifested as oblique shear failure,"Y-shaped"shear failure,and conjugate shear failure.

Novel Low-Carbon Optimal Operation Method for Flexible Distribution Network Based on Carbon Emission Flow

With the widespread implementation of distributed generation(DG)and the integration of soft open point(SOP)into the distribution network(DN),the latter is steadily transitioning into a flexible distribution network(FDN),the calculation of carbon flow distribution in FDN is more difficult.To this end,this study constructs a model for low-carbon optimal operations within the FDN on the basis of enhanced carbon emission flow(CEF).First,the carbon emission characteristics of FDNs are scrutinized and an improved method for calculating carbon flow within these networks is proposed.Subsequently,a model for optimizing low-carbon operations within FDNs is formulated based on the refined CEF,which merges the specificities of DG and intelligent SOP.Finally,this model is scrutinized using an upgraded IEEE 33-node distribution system,a comparative analysis of the cases reveals that when DG and SOP are operated in a coordinated manner in the FDN,with the cost of electricity generation was reduced by 40.63 percent and the cost of carbon emissions by 10.18 percent.The findings indicate that the judicious optimization of areas exhibiting higher carbon flow rates can effectively enhance the economic efficiency of DN operations and curtail the carbon emissions of the overall network.

A Case Study on Garbage Code Redistribution Methods for Heart Failure at City Level by Two Approaches

Cause of death surveillance data is most important for developing effective health policies,whose quality is crucially affected by the accuracy of the underlying cause of death(UCOD)provided in death certificates.The World Health Organization(WHO)has clearly defined a UCOD as“the disease or injury which initiated the train of morbid events leading directly to death,or the circumstance of the accident or violence which produced the fatal injuries”[1].

Numerical Simulation of Flow and Temperature Distribution in a Bottom-Blown Copper Bath

Smelting with oxygen bottom blowing is one of the main methods used in the frame of copper pyrometallurgy.With this approach,feed materials and oxygen-enriched air are introduced in reversed order to enhance multiphaseflow within the furnace.Understanding the flow structure and temperature distribution in this setup is crucial foroptimizing production.In this study,gas-liquid interactions,and temperature profiles under varying air-injectionconditions are examined by means of numerical simulation for a 3.2 m×20 m furnace.The results indicate that thehigh-velocity regions are essentially distributed near the lance within the reaction region and the flue gas outlet,while low-velocity regions are located close to the furnace walls on both side of the reaction region.Dead regionsappear in the sedimentation region,with gas velocities surpassing those of the molten phase.As the injection rateincreases from 0.50 to 0.80 Nm3/s,the stabilization time of the average liquid surface velocity decreases from 2.6 sto 1.9 s,exhibiting a similar trend to the gas holdup.During stabilization,the average liquid surface velocity risesfrom 0.505 to 0.702 m/s.The average turbulent kinetic energy(TKE)of the fluid in the molten bath increases from0.095 to 0.162 m^(2)/s^(2).The proportion of the area distribution with TKE greater than 0.10 m^(2)/s^(2) and the gas holdupat steady state both rise with an increase in the injection quantity.The maximum splashing height of the melt growsfrom approximately 0.756 to 1.154 m,with the affected area expanding from 14.239 to 20.498 m^(2).Under differentworking conditions with varying injection quantities,the average temperature changes in melt zone and flue gaszone of the furnace are small.The temperature in the melt and in the flue-gas zone spans the interval 1200℃–1257℃,and 1073℃–1121℃,respectively.The temperature distribution of the melt and flue gas reveals a patterncharacterized by elevated temperatures in the reaction zone,gradually transitioning to lower temperatures in thesedimentation region.

Data driven prediction of fragment velocity distribution under explosive loading conditions

This study presents a machine learning-based method for predicting fragment velocity distribution in warhead fragmentation under explosive loading condition.The fragment resultant velocities are correlated with key design parameters including casing dimensions and detonation positions.The paper details the finite element analysis for fragmentation,the characterizations of the dynamic hardening and fracture models,the generation of comprehensive datasets,and the training of the ANN model.The results show the influence of casing dimensions on fragment velocity distributions,with the tendencies indicating increased resultant velocity with reduced thickness,increased length and diameter.The model's predictive capability is demonstrated through the accurate predictions for both training and testing datasets,showing its potential for the real-time prediction of fragmentation performance.

益气护膜方对ESD术后胃黏膜修复的作用:基于Foxo3a调控上皮细胞凋亡的机制研究

目的:探讨益气护膜方治疗内镜下黏膜剥离术(ESD)后胃溃疡的疗效及相关机制。方法:收集本院ESD术后患者60例,分为常规西药组和联合中药组各30例。术后6周根据其临床症状和胃黏膜修复情况分析两组患者的溃疡恢复情况;收集患者术中和术后胃黏膜标本,通过TUNEL免疫荧光法检测胃黏膜上皮细胞的凋亡情况,并通过荧光定量PCR检测Foxo3a/FasL/Caspase-8信号通路的激活情况。结果:联合中药组临床症状得分和总得分在术后6周时均低于术后当天,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);定量分析显示,接受常规西药治疗6周后,胃黏膜上皮细胞凋亡减少至(22.7±6.9)%,而接受联合中药治疗6周后,胃黏膜上皮细胞凋亡减少至(10.3±4.1)%,联合中药治疗具有明显优势(P<0.05)。治疗6周后,两组患者Foxo3a、FasL和Caspase-8 mRNA的表达均显著下降,其中联合中药组中3种mRNA下降幅度明显更大,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:益气护膜方可以通过抑制Foxo3a/FasL/Caspase-8信号通路的表达减少胃黏膜上皮细胞的凋亡,从而促进ESD术后胃溃疡的修复。

内镜下ESD手术治疗消化道早癌术后出血护理效果分析

分析内镜下ESD手术治疗消化道早癌术后出血护理产生的效果以及出血护理应用价值。方法 从我院的消化道癌症患者中,选取200例2022年1月-2023年3月的消化道早癌EDS手术患者进行术后出血护理分组研究,其中实验组100例,对照组100例,对照组结合疾病术后情况实施相应的常规护理,实验组同样进行常规护理,但是增加出血护理内容。根据术后患者的出血情况和护理满意度情况评分对比。结果 实验组出血率远低于对照组,组间差异显著,统计学差异成立P<0.05;实验组护理满意度远高于对照组组间差异显著,统计学差异成立P<0.05。结论 为消化道早癌实施内镜下ESD术治疗的患者实施术后出血护理,对于减少术后出血有积极意义,还能患者对护理产生较高的满意度,有良好应用价值。

ESD防护仿真技术研究

静电放电(ESD)一直是电子产品的重大威胁,严重的还会造成芯片失效。在设计阶段需对芯片受ESD冲击后的耦合情况进行预测评估,并为芯片设计有效的ESD防护,实现系统级高效ESD设计(SEED)成为发展趋势。文章研究了瞬态抑制二极管(TVS)对静电的响应情况,并将TVS分为回滞型与非回滞型,分别建立了SPICE模型。提出了一种新的ESD发生器电路模型和全波模型,所得电流波形与实测数据吻合较好。两种模型的电流特征值与IEC 61000-4-2:2008要求的偏差较小。为复现完整的系统级ESD测试环境提供了支持,也为探索芯片在系统级ESD测试下的行为模式打下基础。

Multi-user quantum key distribution with collective eavesdropping detection over collective-noise channels

A multi-user quantum key distribution protocol is proposed with single particles and the collective eavesdropping detection strategy on a star network. By utilizing this protocol, any two users of the network can accomplish quantum key distribution with the help of a serving center. Due to the utilization of the collective eavesdropping detection strategy, the users of the protocol just need to have the ability of performing certain unitary operations. Furthermore, we present three fault-tolerant versions of the proposed protocol, which can combat with the errors over different collective-noise channels.The security of all the proposed protocols is guaranteed by the theorems on quantum operation discrimination.

非治愈性ESD治疗对追加食管癌根治术后并发症的影响

目的:探讨内镜下黏膜下剥离术(endoscopic submucosal dissection,ESD)对追加胸腹腔镜联合食管癌根治术后并发症的影响,并进一步研究二次手术合适的间隔时间。方法:收集2019年10月—2022年10月在南京医科大学第一附属医院行胸腹腔镜联合食管癌根治手术患者831例,其中52例在食管癌根治术前行ESD手术,其余779例未接受ESD手术,以倾向性评分进行1∶3匹配,将全部患者分为ESD+OP组(52例)和Non-ESD+OP组(149例),对比两组患者术后并发症发病率,研究ESD术后不同时间点行食管癌根治术的优劣。结果:ESD+OP组患者食管癌根治术后的并发症发生率高于Non-ESD+OP组(59.6%vs.33.6%,P=0.001),其中肺部感染(26.9%vs.10.7%,P=0.001)、吻合口瘘(13.5%vs.4.7%,P=0.033)发生率明显增加。与其余时间段相比,ESD术后2~4周追加食管癌根治术并发症发生率较低(38.1%vs.75.0%,P=0.033),手术较为安全。结论:非治愈性ESD治疗会增加食管癌根治术后并发症及手术风险;ESD术后2~4周追加食管癌根治术较为安全,可有效降低手术风险。

Population Distribution and Influencing Factors Based on ESDA

Based on the exploratory spatial data analysis （ESDA） technique and geographic information system （GIS） platform, with statistic data of counties in 2005, this paper confirms that there is a large population density gap between counties in 2005 because the Gini coefficient is 0.55. Population distribution does not change a lot during the past decades, and the southeast China is still much more densely populated than the northwest China. The global spa- tial autoeorrelation of population distribution is obvious because Moran＇s I scores 0.42 and local spatial autocorrelation is partly significant. Climate and elevation are still the main natural influ- encing factors. Meanwhile industrial structure and transportation significantly influence population distribution. Different combinations of natural factors have different effects on population distribution. For a long term, climate and terrain factor stability affect population distribution. But its influence will be weakened by progress of technology. Economic development is the main factor that changes population distribution for a short term.

ESD保护电路在HDMI板级信号完整性中的影响分析及其布局优化研究

为了解决HDMI接入ESD保护电路后信号完整性受破坏等问题,从器件的空间布局对HDMI信号完整性影响进行研究分析,同时考虑了瞬态电压抑制(TVS)高频寄生参数的影响,搭建了ESD放电模型和TVS高频等效电路模型,并对其可靠性进行了验证。从差分器件接入信号线旋转角度和彼此间错开距离研究其对信号完整性的影响,设计了25套不同夹角和4套不同错开距离的板级模型,在不同特性的传输频率下进行S参数仿真,并从中选取出垂直型、水平型、错开型三种具有代表性的空间布局模型,利用有限元仿真得到差分信号线的S参数和眼图。仿真结果表明,垂直型排布相比于其他两种典型空间布局,回波损耗平均降低了248.1%,插入损耗平均降低了20.6%,眼图的眼宽和眼高在三种空间布局中最大。研究成果为PCB静电放电保护电路分析与设计提供了布局优化指导。

Spatial distribution of shallow landslides caused by Typhoon Lekima in 2019 in Zhejiang Province, China

In recent years, the coastal region of Southeast China has witnessed a significant increase in the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events associated with landfalling typhoons. The hilly and mountainous terrain of this area, combined with rapid rainfall accumulation, has led to a surge in flash floods and severe geological hazards. On August 10, 2019, Typhoon Lekima made landfall in Zhejiang Province, China, and its torrential rainfall triggered extensive landslides, resulting in substantial damage and economic losses. Utilizing high-resolution satellite images, we compiled a landslide inventory of the affected area, which comprises a total of 2,774 rainfallinduced landslides over an area of 2965 km2. The majority of these landslides were small to mediumsized and exhibited elongated, clustered patterns. Some landslides displayed characteristics of high-level initiation, obstructing or partially blocking rivers, leading to the formation of debris dams. We used the inventory to analyze the distribution pattern of the landslides and their relationship with topographical, geological, and hydrological factors. The results showed that landslide abundance was closely related to elevation, slope angle, faults, and road density. The landslides were predominantly located in hilly and low mountainous areas, with elevations ranging from 150 to 300 m, slopes of 20 to 30 degrees, and a NE-SE aspect. Notably, we observed the highest Landslide Number Density(LND) and Landslide Area Percentage(LAP) in the rhyolite region. Landslides were concentrated within approximately 4 km on either side of fault zones, with their size and frequency negatively correlated with distances to faults, roads, and river systems. Furthermore, under the influence of typhoons, regions with denser vegetation cover exhibited higher landslide density, reaching maximum values in shrubland areas. In areas experiencing significantly increased concentrated rainfall, landslide density also showed a corresponding rise. In terms of spatial distribution, the rainfall-triggered landslides primarily occurred in the northeastern part of the study area, particularly in regions characterized by complex topography such as Shanzao Village in Yantan Town, Xixia Township, and Shangzhang Township. The research findings offer crucial data on the rainfallinduced landslides triggered by Typhoon Lekima, shedding light on their spatial distribution patterns. These findings provide valuable references for mitigating risks and planning reconstruction in typhoon-affected area.

Red cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio is a simple promising prognostic marker in acute cholangitis requiring biliary drainage

Background: It is crucial to assess the severity of acute cholangitis(AC). There are currently several prognostic markers. However, the accuracies of these markers are not satisfied. The present study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the red cell distribution width(RDW)-to-albumin ratio(RAR) for the prognosis of AC. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients diagnosed with AC between May 2019 and March 2022. RAR was calculated, and its predictive ability for in-hospital mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization were analyzed. Results: Out of 438 patients, 34(7.8%) died. Multivariate analysis showed that malignant etiology [odds ratio(OR) = 4.816, 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.936-11.980], creatinine(OR = 1.649, 95% CI: 1.095-2.484), and RAR(OR = 2.064, 95% CI: 1.494-2.851) were independent risk factors for mortality. When adjusted for relevant covariates, including age, sex, malignant etiology, Tokyo severity grading(TSG), Charlson comorbidity index, and creatinine, RAR significantly predicted mortality(adjusted OR = 1.833, 95% CI: 1.280-2.624). When the cut-off of RAR was set to 3.8, its sensitivity and specificity for mortality were 94.1% and 56.7%, respectively. Patients with an RAR of > 3.8 had a 20.9-fold(OR = 20.9, 95% CI: 4.9-88.6) greater risk of mortality than the remaining patients. The area under the curve value of RAR for mortality was 0.835(95% CI: 0.770-0.901), which was significantly higher than that of TSG and the other prognostic markers, such as C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio, and procalcitonin-to-albumin ratio. Lastly, RAR was not inferior to TSG in predicting ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization. Conclusions: RAR successfully predicted the in-hospital mortality, ICU admission, bacteremia, and the length of hospitalization of patients with AC, especially in-hospital mortality. RAR is a promising marker that is more convenient than TSG and other prognostic markers for predicting the prognosis of patients with AC.

Predictive value of red blood cell distribution width and hematocrit for short-term outcomes and prognosis in colorectal cancer patients undergoing radical surgery

BACKGROUND Previous studies have reported that low hematocrit levels indicate poor survival in patients with ovarian cancer and cervical cancer,the prognostic value of hematocrit for colorectal cancer(CRC)patients has not been determined.The prognostic value of red blood cell distribution width(RDW)for CRC patients was controversial.AIM To investigate the impact of RDW and hematocrit on the short-term outcomes and long-term prognosis of CRC patients who underwent radical surgery.METHODS Patients who were diagnosed with CRC and underwent radical CRC resection between January 2011 and January 2020 at a single clinical center were included.The short-term outcomes,overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival(DFS)were compared among the different groups.Cox analysis was also conducted to identify independent risk factors for OS and DFS.RESULTS There were 4258 CRC patients who underwent radical surgery included in our study.A total of 1573 patients were in the lower RDW group and 2685 patients were in the higher RDW group.There were 2166 and 2092 patients in the higher hematocrit group and lower hematocrit group,respectively.Patients in the higher RDW group had more intraoperative blood loss(P<0.01)and more overall complications(P<0.01)than did those in the lower RDW group.Similarly,patients in the lower hematocrit group had more intraoperative blood loss(P=0.012),longer hospital stay(P=0.016)and overall complications(P<0.01)than did those in the higher hematocrit group.The higher RDW group had a worse OS and DFS than did the lower RDW group for tumor node metastasis(TNM)stage I(OS,P<0.05;DFS,P=0.001)and stage II(OS,P=0.004;DFS,P=0.01)than the lower RDW group;the lower hematocrit group had worse OS and DFS for TNM stage II(OS,P<0.05;DFS,P=0.001)and stage III(OS,P=0.001;DFS,P=0.001)than did the higher hematocrit group.Preoperative hematocrit was an independent risk factor for OS[P=0.017,hazard ratio(HR)=1.256,95%confidence interval(CI):1.041-1.515]and DFS(P=0.035,HR=1.194,95%CI:1.013-1.408).CONCLUSION A higher preoperative RDW and lower hematocrit were associated with more postoperative complications.However,only hematocrit was an independent risk factor for OS and DFS in CRC patients who underwent radical surgery,while RDW was not.

Red cell distribution width/platelet ratio estimates the 3-year risk of decompensation in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease-induced cirrhosis

BACKGROUND For compensated advanced chronic liver disease(cACLD)patients,the first decompensation represents a dramatically worsening prognostic event.Based on the first decompensation event(DE),the transition to decompensated advanced chronic liver disease(dACLD)can occur through two modalities referred to as acute decompensation(AD)and non-AD(NAD),respectively.Clinically Significant Portal Hypertension(CSPH)is considered the strongest predictor of decompensation in these patients.However,due to its invasiveness and costs,CSPH is almost never evaluated in clinical practice.Therefore,recognizing noninvasively predicting tools still have more appeal across healthcare systems.The red cell distribution width to platelet ratio(RPR)has been reported to be an indicator of hepatic fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease(MASLD).However,its predictive role for the decompensation has never been explored.AIM In this observational study,we investigated the clinical usage of RPR in predicting DEs in MASLD-related cACLD patients.METHODS Fourty controls and 150 MASLD-cACLD patients were consecutively enrolled and followed up(FUP)semiannually for 3 years.At baseline,biochemical,clinical,and Liver Stiffness Measurement(LSM),Child-Pugh(CP),Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD),aspartate aminotransferase/platelet count ratio index(APRI),Fibrosis-4(FIB-4),Albumin-Bilirubin(ALBI),ALBI-FIB-4,and RPR were collected.During FUP,DEs(timing and modaities)were recorded.CSPH was assessed at the baseline and on DE occurrence according to the available Clinical Practice Guidelines.RESULTS Of 150 MASLD-related cACLD patients,43(28.6%)progressed to dACLD at a median time of 28.9 months(29 NAD and 14 AD).Baseline RPR values were significantly higher in cACLD in comparison to controls,as well as MELD,CP,APRI,FIB-4,ALBI,ALBI-FIB-4,and LSM in dACLD-progressing compared to cACLD individuals[all P<0.0001,except for FIB-4(P:0.007)and ALBI(P:0.011)].Receiving operator curve analysis revealed RPR>0.472 and>0.894 as the best cut-offs in the prediction respectively of 3-year first DE,as well as its superiority compared to the other non-invasive tools examined.RPR(P:0.02)and the presence of baseline-CSPH(P:0.04)were significantly and independently associated with the DE.Patients presenting baseline-CSPH and RPR>0.472 showed higher risk of decompensation(P:0.0023).CONCLUSION Altogether these findings suggest the RPR as a valid and potentially applicable non-invasive tool in the prediction of timing and modalities of decompensation in MASLD-related cACLD patients.

FPGA-based position reconstruction method for neutron beam flux spatial distribution measurement in BNCT

A new measurement method for the spatial distribution of neutron beam flux in boron neutron capture therapy(BNCT)is being developed based on the two-dimensional Micromegas detector.To address the issue of long processing times in traditional offline position reconstruction methods,this paper proposes a field programmable gate array based online position reconstruction method utilizing the micro-time projection chamber principle.This method encapsulates key technical aspects:a self-adaptive serial link technique built upon the dynamical adjustment of the delay chain length,fast sorting,a coordinate-matching technique based on the mapping between signal timestamps and random access memory(RAM)addresses,and a precise start point-merging technique utilizing a circular combined RAM.The performance test of the selfadaptive serial link shows that the bit error rate of the link is better than 10-12 at a confidence level of 99%,ensuring reliable data transmission.The experiment utilizing the readout electronics and Micromegas detector shows a spatial resolution of approximately 1.4 mm,surpassing the current method’s resolution level of 5 mm.The beam experiment confirms that the readout electronics system can obtain the flux spatial distribution of neutron beams online,thus validating the feasibility of the position reconstruction method.The online position reconstruction method avoids traditional methods,such as bubble sorting and traversal searching,simplifies the design of the logic firmware,and reduces the time complexity from O(n2)to O(n).This study contributes to the advancement in measuring neutron beam flux for BNCT.