A Modified Principal Component Analysis Method for Honeycomb Sandwich Panel Debonding Recognition Based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Signals

The safety and integrity requirements of aerospace composite structures necessitate real-time health monitoring throughout their service life.To this end,distributed optical fiber sensors utilizing back Rayleigh scattering have been extensively deployed in structural health monitoring due to their advantages,such as lightweight and ease of embedding.However,identifying the precise location of damage from the optical fiber signals remains a critical challenge.In this paper,a novel approach which namely Modified Sliding Window Principal Component Analysis(MSWPCA)was proposed to facilitate automatic damage identification and localization via distributed optical fiber sensors.The proposed method is able to extract signal characteristics interfered by measurement noise to improve the accuracy of damage detection.Specifically,we applied the MSWPCA method to monitor and analyze the debonding propagation process in honeycomb sandwich panel structures.Our findings demonstrate that the training model exhibits high precision in detecting the location and size of honeycomb debonding,thereby facilitating reliable and efficient online assessment of the structural health state.

Robust Variance Components Estimation in the PERG Mixed Distributions of Empirical Variances—PEROBVC Method

A mixed distribution of empirical variances, composed of two distributions the basic and contaminating ones, and referred to as PERG mixed distribution of empirical variances, is considered. In the paper a robust inverse problem solution is given, namely a (new) robust method for estimation of variances of both distributions—PEROBVC Method, as well as the estimates for the numbers of observations for both distributions and, in this way also the estimate of contamination degree.

Effects of the Component and Fiber Gradient Distributions on the Strength of Cement-based Composite Materials

The effects of the component gradient distribution at interface and the fiber gradient distribution on the strength of cement-based materials were studied. The results show that the flexural strength and compressive strength of the mortar and concrete with interface component and fiber gradient distributions are obviously improved. The strengthes of the fiber gradient distributed mortar and concrete (FGDM/C) are higher than those of fiber homogeneously distributed mortar and concrete (FHDM/C). To obtain the same strength, therefore, a smaller fiber volume content in FGDM/C is needed than that in FHDM/C. The results also show that the component gradient distribution of the concrete can be obtained by means of multi-layer vibrating formation.

Some phenomena and features of the component distributions in welding arc

The components and their distributions both in space and in time are observed by spectroscopic method under GMAW and GTAW conditions.It reveals the features of component distributions in the arc as well as their regularities,and may lead to an essential knowledge to understand some physical and chemical phenomena in arc welding processes.

Population distribution in China-characteristics,components, determinants since 1949

Rational population distribution is an important issue in China. In depth analysis on population distribution is valuable for policy making. in this paper, an attempt is made to study changes in population distribution by region. province, rural-urban and city size in China. their components and determinants since 1949.

Analysis of College Students’ Test Scores Based on Two-Component Mixed Generalized Normal Distribution

In order to improve the fitting accuracy of college students’ test scores, this paper proposes two-component mixed generalized normal distribution, uses maximum likelihood estimation method and Expectation Conditional Maxinnization (ECM) algorithm to estimate parameters and conduct numerical simulation, and performs fitting analysis on the test scores of Linear Algebra and Advanced Mathematics of F University. The empirical results show that the two-component mixed generalized normal distribution is better than the commonly used two-component mixed normal distribution in fitting college students’ test data, and has good application value.

Investigation on the factors influencing the thickness distribution of superplastic-formed components

In the superplastic sheet forming process, the uniformity of the sheet's final thickness distribution is vital for ensuring the good mechanical quality of the formed components. The influences of the component shape and the contact friction on the final thickness distribution were investigated in this work by using finite element method on a series of axisymmetric models. It was concluded that shape optimization and friction elimination are required to get uniform thickness distribution, and eventually to improve the mechanical quality of the formed components. The constitutive equation of the Ti-6A1-4V superplastic material was also determined on the basis of experimental data.

Binary-component micelle and vesicle:Free energy and asymmetric distributions of amphiphiles between vesicle monolayers

The real-space two-dimensional self-consistent field theory（SCFT） is employed to study the free energies of micelles and vesicles constituted by binary amphiphilic diblock copolymer AB in homopolymer A.With an increasing volume fraction of copolymer AB,there are morphological transitions from circle micelles to oblate circle-like micelles,to a compound structure with inverted micelles in the inner center and micelles outer layer,and to vesicles.Special attention is paid to the role of the copolymer AB in controlling the free energies of the micelles and vesicles by examining the effect of the length ratio of A/B with the fixed whole chain length of the AB copolymer,the length effect of A or B block with the corresponding fixed length of B or A block,for one component of copolymer,and the effect of different amphiphile compositions for a binary-component copolymer system.The quantity η is provided to describe the asymmetric density distribution of amphiphiles between the inner and outer monolayers of vesicles,and to quantify the relative asymmetric extent of the density distribution between two species of copolymers in binary component vesicles.

The Changing Characteristics of Profile Distribution of Organic Nitrogen Components in Apple-pear Orchard Soil

In order to evaluate the effects of soil depth on the contents of soil organic nitrogen,organic nitrogen forms in apple-pear orchard soil profile were quantified using the method proposed by Bremner in 1965.The results indicated that in addition to the amino sugar-N,all the soil organic N components within the same soil layer in wasteland were more than those in apple-pear orchard soil;with the layer depth increasing,the contents of different organic nitrogen forms in apple-pear orchard soil and wasteland were decreased;and the proportion of each organic N component within total hydrolysable N was different,and the percentages of ammonia N and amino acid-N components within total hydrolysable N were higher,especially the percentage of ammonia N components within total hydrolysable N was the highest.

Spatial differences in soybean bioactive components across China and their influence by weather factors

Bioactive components are partially responsible for the nutritional and health benefits of soybeans. Four major bioactive components: isoflavones, oligosaccharides, phospholipids,and saponins, were quantified in 763 soybean samples collected from widely distributed regions across China from 2010 to 2013. A majority of the tested bioactive components showed generally declining trends from the north(high latitude) to the south(low latitude).A positive relationship between total oligosaccharides(TO) and altitude was observed. Total isoflavones(TI), phospholipids(TP) and TO were negatively correlated with cumulative temperature above or equal to 15 °C(AT15) and mean daily temperature(MDT), but positively correlated with diurnal temperature range(DTR) and hours of sunshine(HS).Total saponins(TS) were negatively correlated with MDT but positively correlated with rainfall(RF), whereas TO were negatively correlated with RF. Path-coefficient analysis showed that, besides genotype differences, temperature and HS during the reproductive period influenced TI and TP contents, while temperature and RF influenced TS and TO. The effects of weather factors on soybean bioactive components in diverse regions of China were characterized. These findings will be helpful in promoting soybean production for functional food purposes.

Performance of FCC Catalyst Improved with Vanadium Trapping Components

The vanadium species were contaminated on FCC catalysts by using the Mitchell method. After the hydrothermal deactivation of the FCC catalysts, the cracking reaction was performed on these catalyst samples. The test results revealed that the conversion of feedstock and the gasoline yield obtained over the FCC catalysts with vanadium trapping components were obviously higher than those without addition of vanadium trapping components. The results also showed that the dry gas and coke selectivity on the FCC catalysts containing vanadium trapping components was improved. The X-Ray diffraction results proved that the zeolite crystal structure was well protected by the vanadium trapping components during its hydrothermal deactivation step. The results of SEM-EDX mapping disclosed that the vanadium was enriched on the vanadium trapping components which verified the positive function of vanadium trapping components.

Components Admissible Solution of Algebraic Differential Equations Systems

用 meromorphic 功能的 Nevanlinna 值分发理论，我们调查高顺序的代数学的微分方程系统的可被考虑的解决方案的存在问题，并且有关解决方案的可被考虑的部件获得结果。

Use of Component Integration Services in Multidatabase Systems: A Feasible Solution for Integrating Academic Institutions or Commercial Industries

The book chapter is an extended version of the research paper entitled “Use of Component Integration Services in Multidatabase Systems”, which is presented and published by the 13th ISITA, the National Conference of Recent Trends in Mathematical and Computer Sciences, T.M.B. University, Bhagalpur, India, January 3-4, 2015. Information is widely distributed across many remote, distributed, and autonomous databases (local component databases) in heterogeneous formats. The integration of heterogeneous remote databases is a difficult task, and it has already been addressed by several projects to certain extents. In this chapter, we have discussed how to integrate heterogeneous distributed local relational databases because of their simplicity, excellent security, performance, power, flexibility, data independence, support for new hardware technologies, and spread across the globe. We have also discussed how to constitute a global conceptual schema in the multidatabase system using Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise’s Component Integration Services (CIS) and OmniConnect. This is feasible for higher education institutions and commercial industries as well. Considering the higher educational institutions, the CIS will improve IT integration for educational institutions with their subsidiaries or with other institutions within the country and abroad in terms of educational management, teaching, learning, and research, including promoting international students’ academic integration, collaboration, and governance. This will prove an innovative strategy to support the modernization and large expansion of academic institutions. This will be considered IT-institutional alignment within a higher education context. This will also support achieving one of the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations: “Goal 4: ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote lifelong learning”. However, the process of IT integration into higher educational institutions must be thoroughly evaluated, identifying the vital data access points. In this chapter, Section 1 provides an introduction, including the evolution of various database systems, data models, and the emergence of multidatabase systems and their importance. Section 2 discusses component integration services (CIS), OmniConnect and considering heterogeneous relational distributed local databases from the perspective of academics, Section 3 discusses the Sybase Adaptive Server Enterprise (ASE), Section 4 discusses the role of component integration services and OmniConnect of Sybase ASE under the Multidatabase System, Section 5 shows the database architectural framework, Section 6 provides an implementation overview of the global conceptual schema in the multidatabase system, Section 7 discusses query processing in the CIS, and finally, Section 8 concludes the chapter. The chapter will help our students a lot, as we have discussed well the evolution of databases and data models and the emergence of multidatabases. Since some additional useful information is cited, the source of information for each citation is properly mentioned in the references column.

基于电流模分量特性的多端柔性直流配电网线路纵联保护

多端柔性直流配电网因在供电可靠性方面极具优势而受到广泛的关注,然而对于直流线路保护中故障的快速、可靠识别成为其急速发展所需解决的关键问题之一。因此,设计了一种利用电流模分量特性的直流线路纵联保护方法。该方法利用故障时正极电流线模分量方向来判别区内外故障,以不同故障条件下故障点正极电流零模分量平均值的差异来构造保护判据,从而判别故障类型,形成保护策略。最后,在PSCAD/EMTDC4.5上搭建了多端柔性直流配电网模型,对保护判据及关键影响要素进行了仿真分析。结果表明,该保护方法能够有选择性地快速、可靠识别区内外故障及故障类型,且具有较好的耐过渡电阻与抗噪声能力。

航空发动机燃油系统部件寿命建模研究

为解决燃油系统部件可靠性难以估计的问题,收集了燃油系统重要部件燃油泵组件、液压机械装置、燃油流量传感器、燃油喷嘴的工作时间数据,针对不同部件的工作时间分别绘制Weibull概率图,用三参数相关系数优化法对Weibull分布模型进行参数估计,并依据参数估计值得到不同部件的可靠度函数、失效率函数及故障概率密度函数,最后对燃油系统部件进行可靠性评估与分析。结果表明:航空发动机燃油系统部件作为一种复杂的机械电子系统,Weibull分布模型可有效评估其使用寿命,可用于对航空发动机燃油系统部件进行可靠性分析。

中子成像技术在元素分析中的应用

中子成像作为一种快速、直观的无损检测技术,在核工业、航空航天、新能源、地质、考古、先进制造等多个领域得到广泛应用。中子成像利用中子不带电、穿透能力强、对轻元素敏感、可区分同位素和近邻元素等特性,非常适合开展含氢元素、近邻元素和同位素等材料的无损检测。通过概述中子成像技术的基本原理及特点,并结合中国先进研究堆(CARR)中子成像装置上的应用案例,重点综述了国内外中子成像技术在储氢材料、燃料电池、岩石、核燃料元件、古代文物等领域的典型应用。随着中子成像技术的不断发展和广泛应用,有望为我国更多领域研究提供更强有力的技术支撑。

基于二重威布尔混合分布的某型燃机燃油泵组件可靠性分析

燃油泵组件是机电一体化的产品,其在使用中获得的故障数据存在不同失效机理的情况,因此一重威布尔分布无法准确描述产品失效机理,而混合分布通过将多种失效分布进行耦合,能够充分描述产品失效机理。本文将二重三参数威布尔混合分布模型应用在舰船发动机附件故障分析中,基于某型燃机燃油泵组件的故障数据,通过数据分析直方图确定故障模型与模型初始化参数,通过Matlab非线性曲线拟合方法来估计二重三参数威布尔混合分布的参数。研究方法及成果能够为燃油泵组件可靠性分析及优化改进提供一定的借鉴。

内河枢纽港水工钢构件锈蚀特征时空分布规律

内河枢纽港框架直立式码头下部结构多采用钢护筒、钢靠船构件、纵横撑等钢构件,钢构件具有强度高、塑性好等优点的同时也存在易锈蚀、耐腐蚀性差等问题,水工钢构件锈蚀对内河枢纽港长期运营安全存在严重威胁。为了探究水沙冲蚀条件下内河枢纽港水工钢构件锈蚀规律,依托某代表性内河枢纽港工程,开展针对其水工钢构件锈蚀程度的现场检测试验。通过对不同排架、高程、受水沙冲蚀方向等钢构件试验数据结果的详细对比分析,揭示不同钢构件锈蚀程度的时空分布规律,并提出所依托工程的水工钢构件锈蚀经验模型。结果表明:钢构件的锈蚀厚度随服役时间的增加而增大,但随着高程的增加而逐渐减小;同一高程位置处,构件迎水面的锈蚀程度相较于侧水面、背水面更严重。

数据中心冷却系统研究及应用进展

为加速实现数据中心节能降耗的目标,在合理、高效、最大化地利用自然冷源的同时,更不能忽视机械制冷系统本身能效的提升。加强自然冷却与机械制冷的协同,降低数据中心PUE,充分发挥安全稳定、高效运行的数据中心冷却系统自身能效至关重要。本文通过对气流组织、供/回水温度和冷却系统部件及形式3个方面的研究梳理,总结分析数据中心冷却系统节能提效有关技术研究与应用进展,从而为绿色、高效数据中心冷却系统的研发提供参考和借鉴。

基于变压器故障量的分布式小电流接地选线方法

提出并分析了一种基于变压器工频故障量的分布式选线方法和一种基于变压器暂态故障量的分布式选线方法。分析表明,工频故障量选线方法可用于中性点经消弧线圈接地系统欠补偿状态的一部分场景;暂态故障量选线方法比较的是变压器负荷侧暂态故障参考量与被保护线路暂态故障量,这两个暂态故障量具有近距离串行的电流关系,两者的幅值与波形变化都很小,因此具有受干扰小和可靠性高的优点。