Theory,technology and practice of shale gas three-dimensional development:A case study of Fuling shale gas field in Sichuan Basin,SW China

In the Jiaoshiba block of the Fuling shale gas field,the employed reserves and recovery factor by primary well pattern are low,no obvious barrier is found in the development layer series,and layered development is difficult.Based on the understanding of the main factors controlling shale gas enrichment and high production,the theory and technology of shale gas three-dimensional development,such as fine description and modeling of shale gas reservoir,optimization of three-dimensional development strategy,highly efficient drilling with dense well pattern,precision fracturing and real-time control,are discussed.Three-dimensional development refers to the application of optimal and fast drilling and volume fracturing technologies,depending upon the sedimentary characteristics,reservoir characteristics and sweet spot distribution of shale gas,to form"artificial gas reservoir"in a multidimensional space,so as to maximize the employed reserves,recovery factor and yield rate of shale gas development.In the research on shale gas three-dimensional development,the geological+engineering sweet spot description is fundamental,the collaborative optimization of natural fractures and artificial fractures is critical,and the improvement of speed and efficiency in drilling and fracturing engineering is the guarantee.Through the implementation of three-dimensional development,the overall recovery factor in the Jiaoshiba block has increased from 12.6%to 23.3%,providing an important support for the continuous and stable production of the Fuling shale gas field.

Integration system research and development for three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf

An integration processing system of three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf was developed. It is provided with multiple functions, such as laser scanning information management for goaf, cloud data de-noising optimization, construction, display and operation of three-dimensional model, model editing, profile generation, calculation of goaf volume and roof area, Boolean calculation among models and interaction with the third party soft ware. Concerning this system with a concise interface, plentiful data input/output interfaces, it is featured with high integration, simple and convenient operations of applications. According to practice, in addition to being well-adapted, this system is favorably reliable and stable.

Three-dimensional stability calculation method for high and large composite slopes formed by mining stope and inner dump in adjacent open pits

The 2D limit equilibrium method is widely used for slope stability analysis.However,with the advancement of dump engineering,composite slopes often exhibit significant 3D mechanical effects.Consequently,it is of significant importance to develop an effective 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes to enhance the design and stability control of open-pit slope engineering.Using the composite slope formed by the mining stope and inner dump in Baiyinhua No.1 and No.2 open-pit coal mine as a case study,this research investigates the failure mode of composite slopes and establishes spatial shape equations for the sliding mass.By integrating the shear resistance and sliding force of each row of microstrip columns onto the bottom surface of the strip corresponding to the main sliding surface,a novel 2D equivalent physical and mechanical parameters analysis method for the strips on the main sliding surface of 3D sliding masses is proposed.Subsequently,a comprehensive 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes is developed,and the quantitative relationship between the coordinated development distance and its 3D stability coefficients is examined.The analysis reveals that the failure mode of the composite slope is characterized by cutting-bedding sliding,with the arc serving as the side interface and the weak layer as the bottom interface,while the destabilization mechanism primarily involves shear failure.The spatial form equation of the sliding mass comprises an ellipsoid and weak plane equation.The analysis revealed that when the coordinated development distance is 1500 m,the error rate between the 3D stability calculation result and the 2D stability calculation result of the composite slope is less than 8%,thereby verifying the proposed analytical method of equivalent physical and mechanical parameters and the 3D stability calculation method for composite slopes.Furthermore,the3D stability coefficient of the composite slope exhibits an exponential correlation with the coordinated development distance,with the coefficient gradually decreasing as the coordinated development distance increases.These findings provide a theoretical guideline for designing similar slope shape parameters and conducting stability analysis.

Diversified Development

The white paper on China-Africa Economic and Trade Cooperation, recently issued by the Chinese Government, underlines the latest achievements of the mutually-beneficial coop- eration between China and African countries. This is the second government white paper on this topic published after 2010. It shows that,

Development of Natural Gas in China--Concentrating Resources to Accomplish Major Undertakings, and Expediting Development through Diversified Ownerships

The development of China＇s natural gas industry can be described as the story of an ancient but rising industry. In general, the route for China＇s natural gas development is through concentrating resources to accomplish major undertakings, and expediting development through diversified ownerships.

Discussion on Green Development of Fenlong for Yield Increase, Quality Enhancing, Water Retaining and Multiple Use of Natural Resources

Fenlong green ecological agriculture technology （Fenlong technology）, a new smash ridging farming method developed by Guangxi Academy of Agdcultural Sciences, has been elected as the recommended cultivation technique by the Ministry of Agriculture of China. It replaces the traditional plowshare with spiral drill, and its tilth depth is twice deeper than that by tractor tilthing. It also extends soil nutrient, moisture, oxygen and microorganism, the so-called ＂Four pools＂. Soil nutrient, oxygen, microorganism, light and rainfall use ratio is increased by 10%-100%, creating a platform for natural increase of more than 10% of crop yield. Its application to over 20 kinds of crops in 21 provinces has proved that the yield increases 10-30% with quality enhancing 5% and double water retaining capacity but no more input. When the application area of Fenlong could reach 67 million hm2, the amount of fertilizer can be reduced by 40-50 billion kg, saving 120-150 billion Yuan. In this paper, we put forward the strategy of ＂4＋1＂ （arable, saline-alkali soil, grasslands, Sponge City ＋ rivers） green development in China, and deepened the Fenlong cultivated tilled layer from 16.5 cm to 35 cm for 67 million hm2 arable land, ridged 13.3 million hm2 of saline-alkali soil for 35 cm, and also 35 cm for 67 million hm2 degraded steppe, which could have the following 3 effects： first, the 147 million hm2 of land with Fenlong cultivation could increase loosing soil to 315.491 billion m3, in＊ creasing by 159.26% for 120 million hm2 of arable land with the average tilled layer of 16.5 cm, which has loosing soil of only 198.1 billion m3, that is, the space of the land increases 1.6 times. Second, every hectare of plowland could store up to 450 m3/hm2 of natural rainfall, and the unused 60 m3 of saline-alkali soil and grasslands could store water of 102 billion m3, showing an increase of over 88.89% for the current plowland storage of 54 billion m3 at now, that is, double the natural rainfall storage capacity. Third, the two multiple increase of natural resources application can bring trillions of resource activation, environmental cleaning, food security, citizens, health, economic, ecological and social benefits, and makes the Chinese nation move forward in green development. Its application in ＂big scientific research＂ and ＂One Belt And One Road＂ will contribute Chinese strength to the world.

Thoughts on Development of Green Agriculture and Green Economy——Based on the Survey of Farms in Qinhuangdao

Based on the concept and development process of green agriculture and green economy,the field survey and questionnaire investigation were carried out in Jincheng Specialized Planting Cooperative in Xinji Town,Changli County of Qinhuangdao City. The results show that there are still many problems in the development of green economy and the improvement of green farms in Hebei Province. On this basis,it came up with pertinent measures and recommendations,in the hope of providing theoretical basis and reference for establishment and development of green farms in Hebei Province and most of domestic areas.

Three-dimensional Operation Design of Forest Engineering——A Case Study of Bagua Zhou in Nanjing City

[Objective] The aim was to construct a virtuous eco-system covering multi-populations, multi-layers and multi-products and to explore timber production of physical and non-physical products, in order to extend products operated in forestry engineering and seek a novel model for forestry engineering. [Method] A three-dimensional operation project was designed based on forestry lands in Bagua Zhou in Nanjing City. [Result] In the project, timber products, by-products in forest and relaxing products supplimented and supported each other, and a virtuous circle has been achieved. [Conclusion] The novel model makes simultaneous relaxing and working possible, which creat vaule together.

以“多元化发展”继续教育促进高职院校高质量发展——以北京农业职业学院为例

新时期,高职院校应抓住契机乘势而上,大力发展“全口径”继续教育,构建多层次教育体系、统筹多元化办学资源、多路径拓展目标市场、多渠道筹措发展资金、多形式开展社会服务,进一步增强办学实力,提升人才培养质量和社会服务能力。

社区基金会多样态发展成因及其优势比较

当前,我国社区基金会发展日渐呈现出企业发起型、政府发起型、社会组织发起型、居民发起型和混合发起型等多样态实践,虽其整体上有共性特征,但在实践中每一类型社区基金会甚至每一个社区基金会均有其特色。从合法性获取差异、核心利益相关方构成以及发展策略差异等角度入手,有利于厘清和把握不同类型社区基金会在基层治理新格局中功能发挥的异同之处。为了在实践中科学指导不同类型社区基金会实现差异化发展,使其更好地在多主体共建共治共享的基层治理新格局中充分发挥自身优势作用,需要在深入分析不同类型社区基金会内在行动逻辑的基础上,精准理解其组织运行逻辑以及制度蕴含。

乡村振兴战略下贵州乡村体育旅游产业发展路径研究

在乡村振兴战略下,贵州乡村体育旅游产业发展呈现出勃勃生机,为乡村经济的多元化和可持续发展注入了新动力。贵州作为拥有丰富自然资源和深厚文化底蕴的省份,其独特的地理环境和多元的民族风情为乡村体育旅游的发展提供了得天独厚的条件。本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法等研究方法,分析乡村振兴战略下贵州乡村体育旅游产业发展的意义,论证乡村振兴战略下贵州乡村体育旅游产业发展机遇,并提出乡村振兴战略下贵州乡村体育旅游产业发展路径,以期为贵州乡村经济发展和助力乡村振兴战略贡献理论参考依据。

新时代普通高中学生多元发展的现状及建议——基于北京市的数据

对北京市53所普通高中2万余名学生的调查问卷显示:学生的优势智能呈现多样化、差异化的发展特征,数理逻辑和运动体能领域的优势智能偏低;学习动机以认同调节动机为主,而内部动机水平较低;发展需求凸显多样化的特征,而自主需要和胜任需求的满足感较低;对未来的职业选择充分结合个人兴趣,而对挑战性的工作兴趣不大。基于此,建议培养优势智能,奠定学生多元发展的智力基础;激发内部动机,完善学生多元发展的动力系统;精准定位心理需求,丰富学生多元发展的学校供给;树立正确的职业价值导向,增强学生多元发展的主体自觉。

甘肃引黄灌区多样化种植发展现状与对策

为促进甘肃引黄灌区多样化种植高质量发展,对甘肃引黄灌区多样化种植发展现状进行了调查,分析了当地多样化种植的发展现状、存在问题及其原因,针对种植面积大幅度缩减、不同灌区间差异很大、机械化程度低造成带宽幅比杂乱、品种搭配和水肥管理不合理、对多样化种植的有效引导不够等现状,提出了加大宣传培训力度,激发农民多样化种植的积极性;科学评价现有模式,构建轻简高效的多样化种植体系;改造提升传统模式,加快适应机械化种管收;创新多样化种植体系,构建“政产学研用”一体化平台等促进甘肃引黄灌区多样化种植发展的对策。

珠三角生产性服务业集聚对经济高质量发展影响研究

在测算珠三角经济高质量发展指数的基础上,建立面板计量模型,研究珠三角九市生产性服务业集聚对经济高质量发展的影响。研究发现:珠三角生产性服务业专业化集聚和多样化集聚都能显著促进地区经济高质量发展,并且具有显著的一阶滞后效应;珠三角地区生产性服务业的行业集聚对经济高质量发展的影响差别明显,金融业的正向影响最大,“交通运输、仓储和邮政业”、“住宿和餐饮业”对经济高质量发展却呈现反向抑制作用。研究结论为政府和企业提供了优化产业布局、调整政策方向和促进经济高质量发展的有益启示。

科技社团赋能科技经济融合发展的多元协作机制

科技社团赋能科技经济融合发展是科技社团发展的重要方向,但是目前大都局限于实践活动的宣传和工作总结,实践先于理论建构。科技经济融合发展是一个多元合作的过程,但是科技社团赋能科技经济融合发展又呈现出碎片化困境。基于此,可以从构建不同地区、不同种类科技社团的合作机制、构建科技社团与企业的协作机制、构建科技社团与政府的协作机制、构建科技社团与高校、科研院校的合作机制、构建科技社团与村委会的合作机制等方面来构建科技社团赋能科技经济融合发展的多元协作机制,形成系统的路线图。

中山咸水歌的代际传承困境及发展策略

自20世纪90年代开始,我国农村城镇化快速发展,传统的乡村场域逐步消失,传统民俗逐渐丧失了存在与延续的根基,具有独特魅力的传统民俗文化正在式微和消解。该文通过对中山咸水歌进行田野调研和相关资料收集,发现通过三代传承人的努力,中山咸水歌实现了复兴,但受到外部环境变化、流行文化冲击和政策保障缺乏的影响,以及第二代、第三代传承人老去或过世,年轻人逐渐失去了对咸水歌的兴趣,中山咸水歌面临断层的危机。在此基础上,该文提出了开发多元化产品,融入村落乡村旅游开发,加强政府、村落与学校之间的互动关系等建议,以促进中山咸水歌的可持续发展。

可持续发展导向下布里斯班城市更新多元模式探析与经验启示

可持续城市更新是顺应全球可持续发展的现代化治理模式。以澳大利亚昆士兰州布里斯班在可持续发展背景下的城市更新模式为研究对象,回顾与分析布里斯班自合并成大政府后的城市转型历程。认为布里斯班在规划中具有目标可持续、制度可持续、主体可持续的优势特点,并剖析出其在可持续发展理念指导下形成的,以安全富有韧性、物质空间优化、社会公平正义、经济综合发展和社会福祉提升为目标导向的5种更新模式,以期为我国城市更新提供借鉴和参考。

高中教育多样化的可能路径:英国综合中学的变迁与透视

高中阶段教育在全面普及后,如何以多样化有特色发展实现人才培养质量提升成为关键。英国的综合中学从一种特定类型的“综合学校”,经历萌芽、扩张、重整发展成为中等教育阶段的“综合教育”,为所有学生提供个性化的教育选择。一系列特色制度与配套措施,包括综合中学内部招生、课程体系、教学方式,以及外部的考试评价体系、中学特色发展政策等成为支撑综合中学发展的制度系统。英国综合中学的发展变迁中透视出实现高中多样化的可能路径:以顶层设计与地方试点相结合探索综合高中办学模式与培养方式;以课程多样化实现高中办学格局内涵的多样化;以考试与评价制度改革建立两种类型教育之间学业成果互认转换机制。

中等职业教育多样化发展的六重逻辑

推进中等职业教育多样化发展,是巩固中等职业教育基础地位,统筹职业教育与普通教育协调发展的重要举措。中等职业教育多样化发展具有紧密关联的六重逻辑。动力逻辑表明,更好地服务人和经济社会发展的需要是中等职业教育多样化发展的动力之源;功能逻辑表明,应从功能的实践转换视角审视中等职业教育多样化发展的价值实现;类型逻辑表明,推进中等职业教育多样化存在学校外部多样形态和学校内部多样形态;课程逻辑强调,应建构适配于中等职业教育多样化发展的梯度性和广度性课程;衔接逻辑强调,中等职业教育多样化发展应关切与高等教育的衔接;制度逻辑强调,必须重视建设与中等职业教育多样化发展相适配的制度。

构筑新时代多种所有制经济协同发展新优势

我国以公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度形成于改革开放的伟大实践中,我国经济所取得的辉煌成就证明了这一制度是符合我国国情、与我国社会主义初级阶段多层次的生产力发展水平相适应的生产关系形式。当前,多种所有制经济已通过产业链、价值链、资金链等紧密联系在一起,共同构筑了我国完整的产业体系和丰富的产业生态,共同塑造了当前中国产业的竞争优势,是新时代提升我国企业全球竞争力的重要支撑。在新时代,面对中华民族伟大复兴的战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局,要科学处理“两个毫不动摇”的辩证关系,坚持公有制经济的主体地位,坚定不移地推动国有企业改革;坚持多种所有制经济共同发展,非公有制经济要服务于社会主义发展的目标;坚持公有制经济为主体,多种所有制经济平等发展。