Background:High-fidelity simulation has been demonstrated to make great progress in learning.However,there is still ongoing exploration on how to fully harness the advantages of this teaching method and enhance its ef...Background:High-fidelity simulation has been demonstrated to make great progress in learning.However,there is still ongoing exploration on how to fully harness the advantages of this teaching method and enhance its effectiveness.This study conducted high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing based on the Healthcare Simulation Standards of Best Practice and evaluated its effect.Methods:The study was conducted from September 2019 to June 2020.A total of 82 undergraduate nursing students from a university in Shanghai participated in the high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing.The simulation design scale,educational practices in simulation scale,and students’satisfaction and self-confidence were used to evaluate the effect.Results:The mean score of simulation design scale was 4.06±0.63 with the mean scores of all dimensions being over 3.0.The mean score of educational practices in simulation scale was 4.14±0.56 with the mean scores of all dimensions being over 4.0.The mean scores of students’satisfaction and self-confidence were 4.07±0.72 and 3.89±0.58,respectively.Conclusion:Students reported high levels of simulation design and educational practices in simulation.They were also satisfied with learning and reported high levels of self-confidence.Some key points need to be considered so that the learning effects might be optimized.展开更多
Dijkstra algorithm is a basic algorithm to analyze the vehicle routing problem (VRP) in the terminal distribution of logistics center. According to the actual client demands of service speed and quality, the conceptio...Dijkstra algorithm is a basic algorithm to analyze the vehicle routing problem (VRP) in the terminal distribution of logistics center. According to the actual client demands of service speed and quality, the conceptions of economical distance of delivery and the best routing algorithm were given on the base of the Dijkstra algorithm with consideration of a coefficient of the road hustle degree. Economical distance of delivery is the shortest physical distance between two customers. It is the value of goods delivery in shortest distance when concerning factors such as the road length, the hustle degree, the driveway quantity, and the type of the road. The improved algorithm is being used in the development and application of a distribution path information system in the terminal distribution of logistics center. The simulation and practical case prove that the algorithm is effective and reasonable.展开更多
The aim of this paper is the analysis of methodology for selecting the best model for forecasting of fuelwood demand in Greece for the years 2020, 2025 and 2030 with a final objective the decision-making in the sector...The aim of this paper is the analysis of methodology for selecting the best model for forecasting of fuelwood demand in Greece for the years 2020, 2025 and 2030 with a final objective the decision-making in the sector of forest bioenergy. A complete time series of historical data exists that concerns: (a) the consumption of fuelwood and (b) the six most important from the independent variables that could influence the consumption of fuelwood, whose data cover the time period 1989-2010. The evaluation and choice of the best model was realized with the help of the following six statistical criteria: (a) the size of standard error of theoretical values of dependant variable, S. E.; (b) the value of adjusted R square (R2); (c) the non-existence of autocorrelation among the residuals (ei) through the criterion Durbin-Watson; (d) the statistical significance of models coefficients through t criterion; (e) the statistical significance of models through F criterion and (f) the non-existence of multicolinearity through the values of Variance Inflation Factor.展开更多
ZTE Corporation announced on February 9 that it had received the Best Practice Award for being Frost & Sullivan's "2010 SDR Equipment Vendor of the Year." This award recognizes ZTE's outstanding contribution to t...ZTE Corporation announced on February 9 that it had received the Best Practice Award for being Frost & Sullivan's "2010 SDR Equipment Vendor of the Year." This award recognizes ZTE's outstanding contribution to the development of Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology and the wireless communications industry.展开更多
The Asian Inaugural Science-BasedInnovation, Life Sciences & TechnologySummit co-sponsored by the China Councilfor the Promotion of International Trade andthe Pacific Rim Forum is being held heretoday.
徐同学的文章主题碰巧和我们这期的主题很切合,徐同学和我们真是心有灵犀啊.Hi.Everyone.My name is Mandy.Now,I will talk about what is the best gift we can give to others.Can you guess what it is?I think the best gift I can...徐同学的文章主题碰巧和我们这期的主题很切合,徐同学和我们真是心有灵犀啊.Hi.Everyone.My name is Mandy.Now,I will talk about what is the best gift we can give to others.Can you guess what it is?I think the best gift I can give you is a smile.Our smile is beautiful.Every smile,no matter it is from the young,the old,men,women,friends,strangers,even from animals,is warm.And every smile makes the world full of happiness.展开更多
Projected changes in summer precipitation characteristics in China during the 21st century are assessed using the monthly precipitation outputs of the ensemble of three "best" models under the Special Report on Emis...Projected changes in summer precipitation characteristics in China during the 21st century are assessed using the monthly precipitation outputs of the ensemble of three "best" models under the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B, A2, and B1 scenarios. The excellent reproducibility of the models both in spatial and temporal patterns for the precipitation in China makes the projected summer precipitation change more believable for the future 100 years. All the three scenarios experiments indicate a consistent enhancement of summer precipitation in China in the 21st century. However, the projected summer precipitation in China demonstrates large variability between sub-regions. The projected increase in precipitation in South China is significant and persistent, as well as in North China. Meanwhile, in the early period of the 21st century, the region of Northeast China is projected to be much drier than the present. But, this situation changes and the precipitation intensifies later, with a precipitation anomaly increase of 12.4%0-20.4% at the end of the 21st century. The region of the Xinjiang Province probably undergoes a drying trend in the future 100 years, and is projected to decrease by 1.7%-3.6% at the end of the 21st century. There is no significant long-term change of the projected summer precipitation in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley. A high level of agreement of the ensemble of the regional precipitation change in some parts of China is found across scenarios but smaller changes are projected for the B1 scenario and slightly larger changes for the A2 scenario.展开更多
Gastric cancer and cancer of the gastro-oesophageal junction(GOJ) are the 4th most common cancer diagnoses worldwide with regional differences in incidence rates.The treatment of gastric and GOJ cancers is complex and...Gastric cancer and cancer of the gastro-oesophageal junction(GOJ) are the 4th most common cancer diagnoses worldwide with regional differences in incidence rates.The treatment of gastric and GOJ cancers is complex and requires multimodality treatment including chemotherapy treatment,surgery,and radiotherapy.During the past decade considerable improvements were achieved by advanced surgical techniques,tailored chemotherapies/radiotherapy and technical innovations in clinical diagnostics.In patients with advanced or metastatic gastric/GOJ cancer systemic chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine/platinum-based regimens(+/-human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 antibody) is the mainstay of treatment.Despite these improvements,the clinical outcome for patients with advanced or metastatic disease is generally poor with 5-year survival rates ranging between 5%-15%.These poor survival rates may to some extent be related that standard therapies beyond first-line therapies have never been defined.Considering that this patient population is often not fit enough to receive further treatments there is an increasing body of evidence from phase-2 studies that in fact second-line therapies may have a positive impact in terms of overall survival.Moreover two recently published phase-3 studies support the use of second-line chemotherapy.A South Korean study compared either,irinotecan or docetaxel with best supportive care and a German study compared irinotecan with best supportive care-both studies met their primary endpoint overall survival.In this "Field of Vision" article,we review these recently published phase-3 studies and put them into the context of clinical prognostic factors helping to guide treatment decisions in patients who most likely benefit.展开更多
This paper investigates the homogeneity of United States aircraft reconnaissance data and the impact of these data on the homogeneity of the tropical cyclone(TC)best track data for the seasons 1949-1987 generated by t...This paper investigates the homogeneity of United States aircraft reconnaissance data and the impact of these data on the homogeneity of the tropical cyclone(TC)best track data for the seasons 1949-1987 generated by the China Meteorological Administration(CMA).The evaluation of the reconnaissance data shows that the minimum central sea level pressure(MCP)data are relatively homogeneous,whereas the maximum sustained wind(MSW)data show both overestimations and spurious abrupt changes.Statistical comparisons suggest that both the reconnaissance MCP and MSW were well incorporated into the CMA TC best track dataset.Although no spurious abrupt changes were evident in the reconnaissance-related best track MCP data,two spurious changepoints were identified in the remainder of the best-track MCP data.Furthermore,the influence of the reconnaissance MSWs seems to extend to the best track MSWs unrelated to reconnaissance,which might reflect the optimistic confidence in making higher estimates due to the overestimated extreme wind“observations”.In addition,the overestimation of either the reconnaissance MSWs or the best track MSWs was greater during the early decades compared to later decades,which reflects the important influence of reconnaissance data on the CMA TC best track dataset.The wind-pressure relationship(WPR)used in the CMA TC best track dataset is also evaluated and is found to overestimate the MSW,which may lead to inhomogeneity within the dataset between the aircraft reconnaissance era and the satellite era.展开更多
The best finite-difference scheme for the Helmholtz equation is suggested. A method of solving obtained finite-difference scheme is developed. The efficiency and accuracy of method were tested on several examples.
Let L^2([0, 1], x) be the space of the real valued, measurable, square summable functions on [0, 1] with weight x, and let n be the subspace of L2([0, 1], x) defined by a linear combination of Jo(μkX), where J...Let L^2([0, 1], x) be the space of the real valued, measurable, square summable functions on [0, 1] with weight x, and let n be the subspace of L2([0, 1], x) defined by a linear combination of Jo(μkX), where Jo is the Bessel function of order 0 and {μk} is the strictly increasing sequence of all positive zeros of Jo. For f ∈ L^2([0, 1], x), let E(f, n) be the error of the best L2([0, 1], x), i.e., approximation of f by elements of n. The shift operator off at point x ∈[0, 1] with step t ∈[0, 1] is defined by T(t)f(x)=1/π∫0^π f(√x^2 +t^2-2xtcosO)dθ The differences (I- T(t))^r/2f = ∑j=0^∞(-1)^j(j^r/2)T^j(t)f of order r ∈ (0, ∞) and the L^2([0, 1],x)- modulus of continuity ωr(f,τ) = sup{||(I- T(t))^r/2f||:0≤ t ≤τ] of order r are defined in the standard way, where T^0(t) = I is the identity operator. In this paper, we establish the sharp Jackson inequality between E(f, n) and ωr(f, τ) for some cases of r and τ. More precisely, we will find the smallest constant n(τ, r) which depends only on n, r, and % such that the inequality E(f, n)≤ n(τ, r)ωr(f, τ) is valid.展开更多
At present,there is a problem of false positives caused by the too vast mimic scope in mimic transformation technology.Previous studies have focused on the“compensation”method to deal with this problem,which is expe...At present,there is a problem of false positives caused by the too vast mimic scope in mimic transformation technology.Previous studies have focused on the“compensation”method to deal with this problem,which is expensive and cannot fundamentally solve it.This paper provides new insights into coping with the situation.Firstly,this study summarizes the false-positive problem in the mimic transformation,analyzes its possible harm and the root causes.Secondly,three properties about the mimic scope are proposed.Based on the three properties and security quantification technology,the best mimic component set theory is put forward to solve the false-positive problem.There are two algorithms,the supplemental method and the subtraction method.The best mimic component set obtained by these two algorithms can fundamentally solve the mimic system’s false-positive problem but reduce the cost of mimic transformation.Thus make up for the lack of previous researches.展开更多
Results regarding best approximation and best Simultaneous approximation on convex metric spaces are Obtained.Existence of fixed points for an ultimately nonexpansive semigroup of mappings is also shown.
Since its initial issue in 1983,the Journal of theChinese Rare Earth Society has played positive rolein publicizing the achievements of Chinese rareearth science and technology and in promoting in-ternational academic...Since its initial issue in 1983,the Journal of theChinese Rare Earth Society has played positive rolein publicizing the achievements of Chinese rareearth science and technology and in promoting in-ternational academic exchange of rare earth scienceand technology as well.From now on,the Journalof the Chinese Rare Earth Society is published both展开更多
Background: Athletes, coaches, sport psychology practitioners, and researchers suggest that mental toughness represents an important construct that is associated with athletic performance. Unfortunately, the absence o...Background: Athletes, coaches, sport psychology practitioners, and researchers suggest that mental toughness represents an important construct that is associated with athletic performance. Unfortunately, the absence of real-world performance as a dependent variable has limited our ability to substantiate this claim. The concern of a lack of ecologically valid measures of sports performance might be addressed by examining the relationship between mental toughness and sports performance using a standardized measure of personal best(PB) triathlon time and a validated unidimensional measure of mental toughness.Methods: Three hundred and sixteen triathletes completed the 8-item mental toughness index(MTI), reported their age, and provided a PB Olympic distance triathlon time and the total number of triathlons they had completed to date. Given that males are typically quicker than females, a standardized time was calculated by dividing the PB by the current Olympic record for gender; we also hypothesized that more experienced triathletes would report quicker PB times because of greater frequency and duration of training. Once we had controlled for gender and experience,we predicted that mental toughness would be negatively associated with triathlon time and the size of the relationship would be of a moderate magnitude.Results: Results revealed small-to moderate-sized negative relationships between both completed number of triathlons and mental toughness with standardized PB time.Conclusion: The hierarchical regression analysis showed that mental toughness provided a unique contribution to the variability in standardized Olympic triathlon PB after controlling for the total number of triathlons completed.展开更多
In this paper, a new concept of weakly ,convex graph for set-valued mappings is introduced and studied. By using the concept , some new coincidence, the bestapproximation and fixed point-theorems are obta...In this paper, a new concept of weakly ,convex graph for set-valued mappings is introduced and studied. By using the concept , some new coincidence, the bestapproximation and fixed point-theorems are obtained.展开更多
We study the existence of best proximity points for single-valued non-self map-pings. Also, we prove a best proximity point theorem for set-valued non-self mappings in metric spaces with an appropriate geometric prope...We study the existence of best proximity points for single-valued non-self map-pings. Also, we prove a best proximity point theorem for set-valued non-self mappings in metric spaces with an appropriate geometric property. Examples are given to support the usability of our results.展开更多
In an abstract set up, we get strong type inequalities in L^p+1 by assuming weak or extra-weak inequalities in Orlicz spaces. For some classes of functions, the number p is related to Simonenko indices. We apply the ...In an abstract set up, we get strong type inequalities in L^p+1 by assuming weak or extra-weak inequalities in Orlicz spaces. For some classes of functions, the number p is related to Simonenko indices. We apply the results to get strong inequal- ities for maximal functions associated to best Ф-approximation operators in an Orlicz space L^Ф.展开更多
基金supported by Fudan Good Practice Program of Teaching and Learning(2019C003).
文摘Background:High-fidelity simulation has been demonstrated to make great progress in learning.However,there is still ongoing exploration on how to fully harness the advantages of this teaching method and enhance its effectiveness.This study conducted high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing based on the Healthcare Simulation Standards of Best Practice and evaluated its effect.Methods:The study was conducted from September 2019 to June 2020.A total of 82 undergraduate nursing students from a university in Shanghai participated in the high-fidelity simulation in medical nursing.The simulation design scale,educational practices in simulation scale,and students’satisfaction and self-confidence were used to evaluate the effect.Results:The mean score of simulation design scale was 4.06±0.63 with the mean scores of all dimensions being over 3.0.The mean score of educational practices in simulation scale was 4.14±0.56 with the mean scores of all dimensions being over 4.0.The mean scores of students’satisfaction and self-confidence were 4.07±0.72 and 3.89±0.58,respectively.Conclusion:Students reported high levels of simulation design and educational practices in simulation.They were also satisfied with learning and reported high levels of self-confidence.Some key points need to be considered so that the learning effects might be optimized.
基金Social Science Fund of Zhejiang Province(No 06CGGL22YBG)
文摘Dijkstra algorithm is a basic algorithm to analyze the vehicle routing problem (VRP) in the terminal distribution of logistics center. According to the actual client demands of service speed and quality, the conceptions of economical distance of delivery and the best routing algorithm were given on the base of the Dijkstra algorithm with consideration of a coefficient of the road hustle degree. Economical distance of delivery is the shortest physical distance between two customers. It is the value of goods delivery in shortest distance when concerning factors such as the road length, the hustle degree, the driveway quantity, and the type of the road. The improved algorithm is being used in the development and application of a distribution path information system in the terminal distribution of logistics center. The simulation and practical case prove that the algorithm is effective and reasonable.
文摘The aim of this paper is the analysis of methodology for selecting the best model for forecasting of fuelwood demand in Greece for the years 2020, 2025 and 2030 with a final objective the decision-making in the sector of forest bioenergy. A complete time series of historical data exists that concerns: (a) the consumption of fuelwood and (b) the six most important from the independent variables that could influence the consumption of fuelwood, whose data cover the time period 1989-2010. The evaluation and choice of the best model was realized with the help of the following six statistical criteria: (a) the size of standard error of theoretical values of dependant variable, S. E.; (b) the value of adjusted R square (R2); (c) the non-existence of autocorrelation among the residuals (ei) through the criterion Durbin-Watson; (d) the statistical significance of models coefficients through t criterion; (e) the statistical significance of models through F criterion and (f) the non-existence of multicolinearity through the values of Variance Inflation Factor.
文摘ZTE Corporation announced on February 9 that it had received the Best Practice Award for being Frost & Sullivan's "2010 SDR Equipment Vendor of the Year." This award recognizes ZTE's outstanding contribution to the development of Software Defined Radio (SDR) technology and the wireless communications industry.
文摘The Asian Inaugural Science-BasedInnovation, Life Sciences & TechnologySummit co-sponsored by the China Councilfor the Promotion of International Trade andthe Pacific Rim Forum is being held heretoday.
文摘徐同学的文章主题碰巧和我们这期的主题很切合,徐同学和我们真是心有灵犀啊.Hi.Everyone.My name is Mandy.Now,I will talk about what is the best gift we can give to others.Can you guess what it is?I think the best gift I can give you is a smile.Our smile is beautiful.Every smile,no matter it is from the young,the old,men,women,friends,strangers,even from animals,is warm.And every smile makes the world full of happiness.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (Grant No2009CB421406)the Chinese Academy of Sciences under Grant KZCX2-YW-Q1-02+1 种基金National Key Technologies R & D Program Project (Grant No 2007BAC03A01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (GrantNo 40631005)
文摘Projected changes in summer precipitation characteristics in China during the 21st century are assessed using the monthly precipitation outputs of the ensemble of three "best" models under the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B, A2, and B1 scenarios. The excellent reproducibility of the models both in spatial and temporal patterns for the precipitation in China makes the projected summer precipitation change more believable for the future 100 years. All the three scenarios experiments indicate a consistent enhancement of summer precipitation in China in the 21st century. However, the projected summer precipitation in China demonstrates large variability between sub-regions. The projected increase in precipitation in South China is significant and persistent, as well as in North China. Meanwhile, in the early period of the 21st century, the region of Northeast China is projected to be much drier than the present. But, this situation changes and the precipitation intensifies later, with a precipitation anomaly increase of 12.4%0-20.4% at the end of the 21st century. The region of the Xinjiang Province probably undergoes a drying trend in the future 100 years, and is projected to decrease by 1.7%-3.6% at the end of the 21st century. There is no significant long-term change of the projected summer precipitation in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River valley. A high level of agreement of the ensemble of the regional precipitation change in some parts of China is found across scenarios but smaller changes are projected for the B1 scenario and slightly larger changes for the A2 scenario.
文摘Gastric cancer and cancer of the gastro-oesophageal junction(GOJ) are the 4th most common cancer diagnoses worldwide with regional differences in incidence rates.The treatment of gastric and GOJ cancers is complex and requires multimodality treatment including chemotherapy treatment,surgery,and radiotherapy.During the past decade considerable improvements were achieved by advanced surgical techniques,tailored chemotherapies/radiotherapy and technical innovations in clinical diagnostics.In patients with advanced or metastatic gastric/GOJ cancer systemic chemotherapy with fluoropyrimidine/platinum-based regimens(+/-human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 antibody) is the mainstay of treatment.Despite these improvements,the clinical outcome for patients with advanced or metastatic disease is generally poor with 5-year survival rates ranging between 5%-15%.These poor survival rates may to some extent be related that standard therapies beyond first-line therapies have never been defined.Considering that this patient population is often not fit enough to receive further treatments there is an increasing body of evidence from phase-2 studies that in fact second-line therapies may have a positive impact in terms of overall survival.Moreover two recently published phase-3 studies support the use of second-line chemotherapy.A South Korean study compared either,irinotecan or docetaxel with best supportive care and a German study compared irinotecan with best supportive care-both studies met their primary endpoint overall survival.In this "Field of Vision" article,we review these recently published phase-3 studies and put them into the context of clinical prognostic factors helping to guide treatment decisions in patients who most likely benefit.
文摘This paper investigates the homogeneity of United States aircraft reconnaissance data and the impact of these data on the homogeneity of the tropical cyclone(TC)best track data for the seasons 1949-1987 generated by the China Meteorological Administration(CMA).The evaluation of the reconnaissance data shows that the minimum central sea level pressure(MCP)data are relatively homogeneous,whereas the maximum sustained wind(MSW)data show both overestimations and spurious abrupt changes.Statistical comparisons suggest that both the reconnaissance MCP and MSW were well incorporated into the CMA TC best track dataset.Although no spurious abrupt changes were evident in the reconnaissance-related best track MCP data,two spurious changepoints were identified in the remainder of the best-track MCP data.Furthermore,the influence of the reconnaissance MSWs seems to extend to the best track MSWs unrelated to reconnaissance,which might reflect the optimistic confidence in making higher estimates due to the overestimated extreme wind“observations”.In addition,the overestimation of either the reconnaissance MSWs or the best track MSWs was greater during the early decades compared to later decades,which reflects the important influence of reconnaissance data on the CMA TC best track dataset.The wind-pressure relationship(WPR)used in the CMA TC best track dataset is also evaluated and is found to overestimate the MSW,which may lead to inhomogeneity within the dataset between the aircraft reconnaissance era and the satellite era.
文摘The best finite-difference scheme for the Helmholtz equation is suggested. A method of solving obtained finite-difference scheme is developed. The efficiency and accuracy of method were tested on several examples.
基金supported partly by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10471010)partly by the project"Representation Theory and Related Topics"of the"985 Program"of Beijing Normal University and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (1062004).
文摘Let L^2([0, 1], x) be the space of the real valued, measurable, square summable functions on [0, 1] with weight x, and let n be the subspace of L2([0, 1], x) defined by a linear combination of Jo(μkX), where Jo is the Bessel function of order 0 and {μk} is the strictly increasing sequence of all positive zeros of Jo. For f ∈ L^2([0, 1], x), let E(f, n) be the error of the best L2([0, 1], x), i.e., approximation of f by elements of n. The shift operator off at point x ∈[0, 1] with step t ∈[0, 1] is defined by T(t)f(x)=1/π∫0^π f(√x^2 +t^2-2xtcosO)dθ The differences (I- T(t))^r/2f = ∑j=0^∞(-1)^j(j^r/2)T^j(t)f of order r ∈ (0, ∞) and the L^2([0, 1],x)- modulus of continuity ωr(f,τ) = sup{||(I- T(t))^r/2f||:0≤ t ≤τ] of order r are defined in the standard way, where T^0(t) = I is the identity operator. In this paper, we establish the sharp Jackson inequality between E(f, n) and ωr(f, τ) for some cases of r and τ. More precisely, we will find the smallest constant n(τ, r) which depends only on n, r, and % such that the inequality E(f, n)≤ n(τ, r)ωr(f, τ) is valid.
基金This work was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YF0804001).
文摘At present,there is a problem of false positives caused by the too vast mimic scope in mimic transformation technology.Previous studies have focused on the“compensation”method to deal with this problem,which is expensive and cannot fundamentally solve it.This paper provides new insights into coping with the situation.Firstly,this study summarizes the false-positive problem in the mimic transformation,analyzes its possible harm and the root causes.Secondly,three properties about the mimic scope are proposed.Based on the three properties and security quantification technology,the best mimic component set theory is put forward to solve the false-positive problem.There are two algorithms,the supplemental method and the subtraction method.The best mimic component set obtained by these two algorithms can fundamentally solve the mimic system’s false-positive problem but reduce the cost of mimic transformation.Thus make up for the lack of previous researches.
文摘Results regarding best approximation and best Simultaneous approximation on convex metric spaces are Obtained.Existence of fixed points for an ultimately nonexpansive semigroup of mappings is also shown.
文摘Since its initial issue in 1983,the Journal of theChinese Rare Earth Society has played positive rolein publicizing the achievements of Chinese rareearth science and technology and in promoting in-ternational academic exchange of rare earth scienceand technology as well.From now on,the Journalof the Chinese Rare Earth Society is published both
文摘Background: Athletes, coaches, sport psychology practitioners, and researchers suggest that mental toughness represents an important construct that is associated with athletic performance. Unfortunately, the absence of real-world performance as a dependent variable has limited our ability to substantiate this claim. The concern of a lack of ecologically valid measures of sports performance might be addressed by examining the relationship between mental toughness and sports performance using a standardized measure of personal best(PB) triathlon time and a validated unidimensional measure of mental toughness.Methods: Three hundred and sixteen triathletes completed the 8-item mental toughness index(MTI), reported their age, and provided a PB Olympic distance triathlon time and the total number of triathlons they had completed to date. Given that males are typically quicker than females, a standardized time was calculated by dividing the PB by the current Olympic record for gender; we also hypothesized that more experienced triathletes would report quicker PB times because of greater frequency and duration of training. Once we had controlled for gender and experience,we predicted that mental toughness would be negatively associated with triathlon time and the size of the relationship would be of a moderate magnitude.Results: Results revealed small-to moderate-sized negative relationships between both completed number of triathlons and mental toughness with standardized PB time.Conclusion: The hierarchical regression analysis showed that mental toughness provided a unique contribution to the variability in standardized Olympic triathlon PB after controlling for the total number of triathlons completed.
文摘In this paper, a new concept of weakly ,convex graph for set-valued mappings is introduced and studied. By using the concept , some new coincidence, the bestapproximation and fixed point-theorems are obtained.
文摘We study the existence of best proximity points for single-valued non-self map-pings. Also, we prove a best proximity point theorem for set-valued non-self mappings in metric spaces with an appropriate geometric property. Examples are given to support the usability of our results.
基金supported by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)and Universidad Nacional de San Luis(UNSL)with grants PIP 11220110100033CO and PROICO 317902
文摘In an abstract set up, we get strong type inequalities in L^p+1 by assuming weak or extra-weak inequalities in Orlicz spaces. For some classes of functions, the number p is related to Simonenko indices. We apply the results to get strong inequal- ities for maximal functions associated to best Ф-approximation operators in an Orlicz space L^Ф.