【目的】由于天然孔隙介质中存在物理化学非均质性,在这种复杂的非均质性含水层中,以往的现场试验数据显示溶质在非均质介质运移过程中无法用菲克扩散定律对流弥散方程(Advection-Dispersion Equation,ADE)来描述。本研究采用高密度电...【目的】由于天然孔隙介质中存在物理化学非均质性,在这种复杂的非均质性含水层中,以往的现场试验数据显示溶质在非均质介质运移过程中无法用菲克扩散定律对流弥散方程(Advection-Dispersion Equation,ADE)来描述。本研究采用高密度电法证实溶质在非均质介质中非菲克运移。【方法】本研究采用石英砂、沸石两种不同基质构建双重介质物理模型(Models of Dual-Domain Mass Transfer,DDMT),采用高密度电法测定系统ERT21实时检测和采集数据,在实验室利用Nacl溶液开展示踪试验,利用阿尔奇定律分析溶质运移试验研究。【结果】试验结果浓度穿透曲线在后期发生“拖尾”现象;在沸石柱实验中,观察到流体电导率(σ_(f))和体积电导率(σ_(b))之间的滞后现象,这表明流体在不可动领域和可动领域之间的交换。而在沙子柱试验中,未观察到σ_(f)和σ_(b)之间的滞后现象,可以忽略质量传递行为;滞后现象的形状与大小由水动力学特征和基质属性控制,水动力学是影响拖尾时长的因素之一,渗透系数会影响溶质运移的过程。【结论】通过试验观察和地球物理数据分析,直接量化了实验室尺度下的异常质量传递行为,通过地球物理方法测量的导电率(σ_(b))对于移动和不动领域都具有敏感性,从而提供了与标准采样方法相比的独特优势。展开更多
A 1D finite element method in time domain is developed in this paper and applied to calculate in-plane wave motions of free field exited by SV or P wave oblique incidence in an elastic layered half-space. First, the l...A 1D finite element method in time domain is developed in this paper and applied to calculate in-plane wave motions of free field exited by SV or P wave oblique incidence in an elastic layered half-space. First, the layered half-space is discretized on the basis of the propagation characteristic of elastic wave according to the Snell law. Then, the finite element method with lumped mass and the central difference method are incorporated to establish 2D wave motion equations, which can be transformed into 1D equations by discretization principle and explicit finite element method. By solving the 1D equations, the displacements of nodes in any vertical line can be obtained, and the wave motions in layered half-space are finally determined based on the characteristic of traveling wave. Both the theoretical analysis and the numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method has high accuracy and good stability.展开更多
In this paper we propose a spectral element: vanishing viscosity (SEW) method for the conservation laws on the semi-infinite interval. By using a suitable mapping, the problem is first transformed into a modified cons...In this paper we propose a spectral element: vanishing viscosity (SEW) method for the conservation laws on the semi-infinite interval. By using a suitable mapping, the problem is first transformed into a modified conservation law in a bounded interval, then the well-known spectral vanishing viscosity technique is generalized to the multi-domain case in order to approximate this trarsformed equation more efficiently. The construction details and convergence analysis are presented. Under a usual assumption of boundedness of the approximation solutions, it is proven that the solution of the SEW approximation converges to the uniciue entropy solution of the conservation laws. A number of numerical tests is carried out to confirm the theoretical results.展开更多
The paper discusses the statistical inference problem of the compound Poisson vector process(CPVP)in the domain of attraction of normal law but with infinite covariance matrix.The empirical likelihood(EL)method to con...The paper discusses the statistical inference problem of the compound Poisson vector process(CPVP)in the domain of attraction of normal law but with infinite covariance matrix.The empirical likelihood(EL)method to construct confidence regions for the mean vector has been proposed.It is a generalization from the finite second-order moments to the infinite second-order moments in the domain of attraction of normal law.The log-empirical likelihood ratio statistic for the average number of the CPVP converges to F distribution in distribution when the population is in the domain of attraction of normal law but has infinite covariance matrix.Some simulation results are proposed to illustrate the method of the paper.展开更多
文摘【目的】由于天然孔隙介质中存在物理化学非均质性,在这种复杂的非均质性含水层中,以往的现场试验数据显示溶质在非均质介质运移过程中无法用菲克扩散定律对流弥散方程(Advection-Dispersion Equation,ADE)来描述。本研究采用高密度电法证实溶质在非均质介质中非菲克运移。【方法】本研究采用石英砂、沸石两种不同基质构建双重介质物理模型(Models of Dual-Domain Mass Transfer,DDMT),采用高密度电法测定系统ERT21实时检测和采集数据,在实验室利用Nacl溶液开展示踪试验,利用阿尔奇定律分析溶质运移试验研究。【结果】试验结果浓度穿透曲线在后期发生“拖尾”现象;在沸石柱实验中,观察到流体电导率(σ_(f))和体积电导率(σ_(b))之间的滞后现象,这表明流体在不可动领域和可动领域之间的交换。而在沙子柱试验中,未观察到σ_(f)和σ_(b)之间的滞后现象,可以忽略质量传递行为;滞后现象的形状与大小由水动力学特征和基质属性控制,水动力学是影响拖尾时长的因素之一,渗透系数会影响溶质运移的过程。【结论】通过试验观察和地球物理数据分析,直接量化了实验室尺度下的异常质量传递行为,通过地球物理方法测量的导电率(σ_(b))对于移动和不动领域都具有敏感性,从而提供了与标准采样方法相比的独特优势。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(50478014)the National 973 Program(2007CB714200)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(8061003).
文摘A 1D finite element method in time domain is developed in this paper and applied to calculate in-plane wave motions of free field exited by SV or P wave oblique incidence in an elastic layered half-space. First, the layered half-space is discretized on the basis of the propagation characteristic of elastic wave according to the Snell law. Then, the finite element method with lumped mass and the central difference method are incorporated to establish 2D wave motion equations, which can be transformed into 1D equations by discretization principle and explicit finite element method. By solving the 1D equations, the displacements of nodes in any vertical line can be obtained, and the wave motions in layered half-space are finally determined based on the characteristic of traveling wave. Both the theoretical analysis and the numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method has high accuracy and good stability.
文摘In this paper we propose a spectral element: vanishing viscosity (SEW) method for the conservation laws on the semi-infinite interval. By using a suitable mapping, the problem is first transformed into a modified conservation law in a bounded interval, then the well-known spectral vanishing viscosity technique is generalized to the multi-domain case in order to approximate this trarsformed equation more efficiently. The construction details and convergence analysis are presented. Under a usual assumption of boundedness of the approximation solutions, it is proven that the solution of the SEW approximation converges to the uniciue entropy solution of the conservation laws. A number of numerical tests is carried out to confirm the theoretical results.
基金Characteristic Innovation Projects of Ordinary Universities of Guangdong Province,China(No.2022KTSCX150)Zhaoqing Education Development Institute Project,China(No.ZQJYY2021144)Zhaoqing College Quality Project and Teaching Reform Project,China(Nos.zlgc202003 and zlgc202112)。
文摘The paper discusses the statistical inference problem of the compound Poisson vector process(CPVP)in the domain of attraction of normal law but with infinite covariance matrix.The empirical likelihood(EL)method to construct confidence regions for the mean vector has been proposed.It is a generalization from the finite second-order moments to the infinite second-order moments in the domain of attraction of normal law.The log-empirical likelihood ratio statistic for the average number of the CPVP converges to F distribution in distribution when the population is in the domain of attraction of normal law but has infinite covariance matrix.Some simulation results are proposed to illustrate the method of the paper.
