The classification treatment of rural domestic waste is not only an important measure to realize the standardized development in rural areas,but also the action support to the concept of"ecological and suitable r...The classification treatment of rural domestic waste is not only an important measure to realize the standardized development in rural areas,but also the action support to the concept of"ecological and suitable residence"put forward by the 19th CPC National Congress.This paper summarizes the traditional treatment methods of rural domestic waste in Northeast China,the present situation of rural waste classification treatment in Northeast China and the advantages of waste classification in rural areas of Northeast China.The specific measures to improve the current situation of rural waste classification treatment in Northeast China are put forward in terms of capital policy,classification methods and management means,in order to provide theoretical reference for the treatment of rural domestic waste in Northeast China.展开更多
Rapid development has led to a tremendous increase in the volume of solid waste produced in rural China.The annual amount of solid waste produced from Chinese rural areas is approximately 110 million tons.Many small-s...Rapid development has led to a tremendous increase in the volume of solid waste produced in rural China.The annual amount of solid waste produced from Chinese rural areas is approximately 110 million tons.Many small-scale solid waste incinerators have been built in Chinese rural areas.It was speculated that the emissions and potential risks of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs,commonly known as dioxins)and polychlorinated naphthalenes(PCNs)from these incinerators could be serious.A preliminary case investigation on PCDD/F and PCN emissions from a small-scale waste incinerator was performed.The stack gas samples were collected using auto isokinetic sampling techniques and PCDD/F and PCN congeners were identified and quantified by high resolution gas chromatography combined with high resolution mass spectrometry.Concentrations and toxic equivalents of PCDD/Fs emitted from the small-scale waste incinerator were 153 ngm^-3 and 5.6 ng TEQ m^-3,respectively,which was much higher than the regulatory level for municipal solid waste incinerators permitted in China and the European Union Directive.PCNs have similar toxicological effects with PCDD/Fs,and the relative potency factors(RPFs)of some PCN congeners(dioxin-like PCNs)to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD)were previously proposed to evaluate the dioxin-like toxicity of PCNs.The mass concentrations of PCNs and dioxin-like PCNs from the small-scale solid incinerator were 2927 ngm^-3 and 1137 ngm^-3,much higher than that of dioxins.However,much less attention has been paid to the small-scale incinerators compared with municipal solid waste incinerators.Here,we proposed that there should be a growing need to focus on the emissions and potential risks of dioxins and dioxin-like pollutants from these small-scale waste incinerators in rural China.展开更多
基金Scientific Research Project on Standardization of Trade in Services(FMBZH-1942)Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Shenyang Normal University(20196009)+1 种基金Decision-making and Consultation Project of Shenyang Science and Technology Innovation Think Tank(kxzk2020130)Scientific Research Project on Standardization of Trade in Services(FMBZH-1943)。
文摘The classification treatment of rural domestic waste is not only an important measure to realize the standardized development in rural areas,but also the action support to the concept of"ecological and suitable residence"put forward by the 19th CPC National Congress.This paper summarizes the traditional treatment methods of rural domestic waste in Northeast China,the present situation of rural waste classification treatment in Northeast China and the advantages of waste classification in rural areas of Northeast China.The specific measures to improve the current situation of rural waste classification treatment in Northeast China are put forward in terms of capital policy,classification methods and management means,in order to provide theoretical reference for the treatment of rural domestic waste in Northeast China.
基金We gratefully acknowledge support from the National 973 program(2015CB453100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21777172)+1 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB14020102)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(2016038).
文摘Rapid development has led to a tremendous increase in the volume of solid waste produced in rural China.The annual amount of solid waste produced from Chinese rural areas is approximately 110 million tons.Many small-scale solid waste incinerators have been built in Chinese rural areas.It was speculated that the emissions and potential risks of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans(PCDD/Fs,commonly known as dioxins)and polychlorinated naphthalenes(PCNs)from these incinerators could be serious.A preliminary case investigation on PCDD/F and PCN emissions from a small-scale waste incinerator was performed.The stack gas samples were collected using auto isokinetic sampling techniques and PCDD/F and PCN congeners were identified and quantified by high resolution gas chromatography combined with high resolution mass spectrometry.Concentrations and toxic equivalents of PCDD/Fs emitted from the small-scale waste incinerator were 153 ngm^-3 and 5.6 ng TEQ m^-3,respectively,which was much higher than the regulatory level for municipal solid waste incinerators permitted in China and the European Union Directive.PCNs have similar toxicological effects with PCDD/Fs,and the relative potency factors(RPFs)of some PCN congeners(dioxin-like PCNs)to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin(TCDD)were previously proposed to evaluate the dioxin-like toxicity of PCNs.The mass concentrations of PCNs and dioxin-like PCNs from the small-scale solid incinerator were 2927 ngm^-3 and 1137 ngm^-3,much higher than that of dioxins.However,much less attention has been paid to the small-scale incinerators compared with municipal solid waste incinerators.Here,we proposed that there should be a growing need to focus on the emissions and potential risks of dioxins and dioxin-like pollutants from these small-scale waste incinerators in rural China.
