Effectiveness and Safety of Double-balloon Catheter versus Intra-amniotic Injection of Ethacridine Lactate for Termination of Second Trimester Pregnancy in Patients with Liver Dysfunction

Severe liver dysfunction in pregnancy（SLDP） is rare but serious complications with high mortality rate. This study compared the effectiveness and safety of double-balloon catheter versus intra-amniotic injection of ethacridine lactate for the termination of second trimester pregnancy in patients with SLD. A total of 55 patients with indications of labor induction were enrolled and analyzed by retrospective control analysis method. Twenty-three cases adopted Cook double balloon dilation as Cook group, and 32 cases received intra-amniotic injection of ethacridine lactate as EL group. The primary outcome was evaluated by successful abortion rate and the difference in the induction-to-abortion interval. Secondary outcomes included liver function recovery and the frequency of adverse events. Both Cook and EL regimens were effective, with successful abortion rate of 87.0% and 93.8%, respectively（P=0.639）. The induction-to-delivery interval was similar between Cook group and EL group（38.1±21.5 vs. 41.3±17.4, P=0.543）. The liver disease status was more severe in Cook group than in EL group, but it did not show any significant difference after pregnancy termination between the two groups and the improvement rate also did not show any significant difference. Both treatments were safe and there was no significant difference in bleeding and cervical laceration adverse events between the two groups. Our study firstly compared double-balloon catheter and ethacridine lactate for the induction of labor in women with SLD during second trimester pregnancy.

Targeted Ultrasound-Guided Double Catheters (Infraclavicular-Brachial Plexus, Median Nerve) Facilitate Hand Rehabilitation with Superb Analgesia and Motor Function Retention

A 44-year-old male who suffered a crush-degloving hand injury complicated by Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) type I was scheduled for operative hand manipulation and inpatient physiotherapy. Preoperative placement of an ultrasound-guided infraclavicular catheter provided incomplete analgesia requiring supplemental morphine during physiotherapy sessions despite continuous infusion of 0.1% bupivacaine at 20 mL/hour. Due to the patient’s adamant refusal of replacement of the infraclavicular catheter, a second ultrasound-guided median nerve catheter was placed distally at the mid-forearm level and elicited complete sensory blockade of the hand. Dual infusions were maintained with 0.25% bupivacaine at 5 mL/hour through the median nerve catheter and 0.1% bupivacaine at 20 mL/hour through the infraclavicular catheter, and subsequent daily physiotherapy progressed productively. Continuous perineural catheter use to facilitate rehabilitation is an emerging practice that may improve overall recovery. Combination catheters, infusing local anesthetics at separate locations, can be used synergistically to preserve motor function and reach a superior analgesic endpoint.

Emergency Drainage of Upper Urinary Tract with a Double Catheter in the Hospital General de Grand Yoff of Dakar (HOGGY)

Goals: The goals are to assess the use of Double Jendo-prostheses in urinary obstructions in the Hospital General de Grand Yoff of Dakar (HOGGY). Patients and methods: This is a 4-year retrospective study (1st January 2009-31st December 2012). The study included all patients with obstruction of the upper urinary tract, and with a reversing type Double Jendo-prostheses. Findings: A total of 82 patients were chosen for this study, including 41 males. Patient’s average age was 45 years. Kidney failure accounted for 11.5% of the causes of consultations. Lithiasic obstacles (34.2%) and tumours (21.5%) were the most recurrent. Catheter was successfully placed in 78% of cases, and highly contributed to improve renal function in 69% of cases. The frequently complications found in patients with Double J Catheters were back pain and urinary tract infections. Four cases of catheters calcifications were reported. Catheter was replaced in 62.2% of patients within an average period of 6.9 months. Conclusion: Double J Catheters remain important in the preservation of renal function in case of obstruction. Its use requires a mastery of these indications and a rigorous follow-up.

A New Type of Double-Lumen Catheter to Replace Current One in RCA

Objective: To replace the peripheral venous puncture for blood sampling with taking blood samples extracorporally from arterial line before predilution during RCA-CRRT performed. Methods: A new type of double-lumen femoral catheter was used instead of the current tubes. The new type of double-lumen tube had a greater distance from the inner venous ports to the inner arterial ports than current tubes. The minimum distance from the venous port to the arterial port was greatly lengthened. Replacement solution contained citrate, zero Ca2+, zero bicarbonate, low Na+. Blood samples were synchronously collected from the arterial line before the infusion of citrate replacement fluid and from the peripheral vein. The iCa concentration data of two groups were analyzed to observe the difference between iCa concentration levels in the arterial line and in peripheral vein;the anticoagulant effect of RCA and possible complications were observed, such as bleeding, clottings and hypocalcaemia. Results: 28 times of RCA-CRRT were performed on17 AKI and CRF patients with active bleeding or at the high risk of bleeding;336 blood samples were collected. Statistics showed that the difference of iCa concentration between arterial line group and the peripheral vein group was not significant (P = 0.9), there is a high degree of similarity between the iCa concentration of arterial line blood and the peripheral venous blood. None of the patients developed citrate toxicity or metabolic alkalosis. None induced bleeding, or bleeding aggravated. No obvious clotting occurred. Systemic calcium concentration was achieved in the ideal range. Conclusion: In clinical practice, the data of iCa concentration from arterial line can be used to replace that from peripheral vein when the new type of double-lumen femoral catheter is placed in femoral vein. RCA-CRRT therapy is safe and effective.

Double J管在体外震波碎石中的应用

本文对20例鹿角形、铸形、多发结石在ESWL之前放置Double J管,平均4周后拔管,拔管时15例结石全部排出,5例大部排出(剩下的为结石碎片)。除1例既往有泌尿道感染史术后出现高热而行肾切除外,余19例均无术后感染、肾积水等并发症发生。并对胶管选择、适应证、拔管指征等进行了讨论。

输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管上段复杂性结石后双J管附壁结石形成的原因分析

目的:分析输尿管软镜钬激光碎石术治疗输尿管上段复杂性结石后双J管附壁结石形成的原因。方法:选择2015年1月至2023年8月于首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院收治的105例输尿管上段复杂性结石患者,其中男58例,女47例,根据结石评估结果分为结石组(n=40)与非结石组(n=65)。通过随机森林算法分析患者双J管附壁结石形成的影响因素。通过单因素和多因素分析双J管附壁结石形成的独立影响因素,并构建分类树模型。结果:结石组和非结石组CT值、术中出血量、双J管留置时间、白细胞计数(WBC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、尿酸(UA)、血钙、尿pH值、尿蛋白、尿红细胞、尿白细胞、尿结晶比较差异均有统计学意义(t/χ^(2)值分别为4.361、2.502、6.815、12.176、24.398、15.595、6.517、2.069、6.881、4.524、3.883、4.699,均P<0.05)。双J管留置时间、尿蛋白阳性、尿结晶阳性、UA为双J管附壁结石形成的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。分类树模型显示,双J管留置时间是双J管附壁结石形成的重要预测因素,收益图和索引图显示模型预测良好。结论:双J管留置时间、尿蛋白阳性、尿结晶阳性、UA为双J管附壁结石形成的独立危险因素。临床应重点关注相关因素,及时制定预防策略,以期降低双J管附壁结石的发生风险。

耳穴揿针联合坦索罗辛对输尿管镜碎石术后留置双J管患者USSQ评分及满意度的影响

目的:观察耳穴揿针联合坦索罗辛对输尿管镜碎石术后留置双J管患者输尿管支架相关症状调查问卷(USSQ)评分及满意度的影响。方法:选取74例输尿管镜碎石术后留置双J管患者为观察对象,按随机数字表法分为观察组及对照组各37例。观察组给予常规护理、口服坦索罗联合耳穴揿针治疗,对照组给予常规护理、口服坦索罗联合耳穴压豆治疗。疗程均为6 d,比较2组治疗后USSQ评分及治疗满意度。结果:治疗前,2组USSQ评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗6 d后,2组USSQ评分均较治疗前及治疗3 d下降(P<0.05),并呈明显下降趋势(P<0.05);且观察组相同时间点USSQ评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗结束后,观察组满意度为97.30%,对照组为83.78%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:耳穴揿针联合坦索罗辛可有效改善输尿管镜碎石术后留置双J管患者相关症状和生活质量,提高其治疗满意度。

基于授权理论的护理对泌尿结石术后留置双J管患者自我管理能力和并发症的影响

目的:探讨基于授权理论的护理对泌尿结石术后留置双J管患者自我管理能力和并发症的影响。方法:选取2021年1月—2022年12月宜昌市中心人民医院收治的200例泌尿结石术后留置双J管患者。随机将其分为对照组与试验组,各100例。对照组给予常规护理,试验组在对照组基础上给予基于授权理论指导的护理。比较两组护理前后自我管理能力,并发症。结果:护理后,两组自我管理行为、自我管理认知、自我管理环境评分及总分均升高,试验组自我管理行为、自我管理认知、自我管理环境评分及总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组尿路感染、血尿、膀胱刺激征并发症发生率均显著低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:对泌尿结石术后留置双J管患者实施基于授权理论的护理,能够提升患者自我管理能力,有助于减少并发症的发生。

D-J管在儿童肾盂成形术中的应用分析——倾向性评分匹配法

目的 D-J管内引流方法在儿童肾盂成形手术后使用中的适应证及预后分析。方法 回顾性分析2012年1月~2022年1月在首都儿科研究所泌尿外科行单侧肾盂成形术的病例,根据术后引流方式不同分为D-J管组(396例)和肾盂造瘘组(334例),应用倾向性评分匹配法对两组病例的基线资料均衡匹配,比较两种引流方式的并发症及预后。结果 D-J管引流能显著减少患者平均住院时间、降低患儿痛苦、减轻皮肤瘢痕,提高医疗及护理质量。D-J管增加患儿术后泌尿道感染和再梗阻风险,临床应用应谨慎。对于D-J管植入术后泌尿道感染建立了包含性别、侧别、身高、肾实质厚度和血尿素氮的预测模型。结论 D-J管内引流方法能显著降低儿童肾盂成形手术后的住院时间、减轻护理负担,虽然这增加了患者近中期尿路感染的风险,但尿路感染的风险可以预测,D-J管在男性、小婴儿和重度肾积水的应用中应谨慎选择。

Ureteral double J stent displaced into vena cava and management with laparoscopy: A case report and review of the literature

We reported displacement of a ureteral double J stent into the vena cava and laparoscopic management in a 69-year-old patient with a history of ureteral stent placement. Preoperative computed tomography and plain X-rays showed malpositioning of the double J stent and displacement into the inferior vena cava. The characteristics of stent misplacement precluded endovascular procedures and explorative laparoscopic surgery was performed. The intra-and postoperative periods were uneventful. Postoperative imaging demonstrated that the new double J stent was in the right position. The patient was discharged 7 d after the operation and was symptom free at the 4-mo followup.

Effect of Empowering Education on Refined Nursing of Patients with Internal Double J Tubes after Surgery for Ureteral Stricture

Objective: To investigate the effect of the theory of enabling education on the fine management of patients with internal double J tubes after ureteral stricture. Methods: Eighty patients with built-in double J tubes after ureteral stricture were selected from the urology department of a grade a hospital in Guangzhou. The patients were divided into control group and observation group by random number method, with 40 patients in each group. The control group received refined nursing after surgery, while the observation group received refined nursing including the theory of empowerment education after surgery on the basis of the control group. Results: After the intervention, the observation group had a higher standard rate of quality indicators, higher self-efficacy score than the control group (P ≤ 0.05), lower scores of ureteral stent-related symptoms, urinary system symptoms, pain symptoms, total health status, job performance, additional problems and total scores than the control group (P ≤ 0.05), and statistically significant differences were found in the total health status dimension and total scores (P ≤ 0.01). The nursing satisfaction survey, the scores of clinical nursing, health education, psychological counseling and nurse-patient communication were all higher than those in the control group (P ≤ 0.05), and the differences in health education and nurse-patient communication were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.01). Conclusion: The theory of enabling education can improve patients’ self-nursing level, promote the implementation of refined nursing quantitative indicators and nursing measures, relieve the poor symptoms of ureteral stricture patients, and improve patients’ satisfaction with nursing work.

延续性护理在泌尿外科手术放置双J管患者中的应用研究

目的分析延续性护理对于泌尿外科手术放置双J管患者的临床应用价值。方法回顾性选取2022年11月—2023年11月宁夏回族自治区固原市人民医院泌尿外科收治的100例尿路梗阻并携带双J管患者的临床资料,根据不同护理方式分为观察组(n=50)和对照组(n=50),两组患者院内均进行常规护理,观察组增加出院后延续性护理。比较两组患者依从性、带管期间并发症发生率、护理满意度、生活质量评分。结果观察组依从性为94.00%(47/50),高于对照组的80.00%(40/50),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.333,P<0.05)。观察组护理满意率为98.00%(49/50),高于对照组的84.00%(42/50),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.396,P<0.05)。观察组带管期间并发症发生率为4.00%(2/50),低于对照组的20.00%(10/50),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.061,P<0.05)。护理后,观察组生活质量评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论延续性护理通过对患者的持续观察和监测,能够及时发现并处理患者出现的问题,从而降低并发症的发生率,提高患者依从性、护理满意度和生活质量。

艾灸联合索利那新对输尿管软镜碎石术后双J管相关并发症的影响

目的:探讨艾灸与索利那新联合应用治疗输尿管软境碎石术后双J管相关并发症及附管结石的临床效果。方法:将100例输尿管软境碎石术后置入双J管的上尿路结石患者随机分为对照组(50例)和观察组(50例)。两组患者均给予常规护理及抗感染、镇痛等对症治疗。对照组患者术后第1天开始给予索利那新口服治疗,观察组在此基础上加以对关元和气海进行艾灸。记录并评估治疗前、第1个疗程结束后、第2个疗程结束后3个时间节点两组患者USSQ评分表中6个部分的评分变化,输尿管软境碎石术术后4周,对拔除双J管后的结石清除率、附管结石的总有效率、尿路感染和血尿情况进行比较。结果:第2个疗程结束后,与治疗前比较,两组患者排尿症状、疼痛、整体健康情况、工作表现评分均降低(P<0.05)。第1、2个疗程结束后,与对照组比较,观察组患者排尿症状、疼痛、整体健康情况评分、工作表现均降低(P<0.05)。观察组患者结石清除率、附管结石的总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:艾灸联合索利那新治疗输尿管软境碎石术后双J管相关症状及双J管附管结石形成疗效显著,安全性好,无不良反应。

基于健康行动过程取向模型的护理干预在泌尿系结石术后留置双“J”管患者中的应用

目的:探讨基于健康行动过程取向(health action process approach,HAPA)模型的护理干预在泌尿系结石术后留置双“J”管患者的应用效果。方法:选取2023年10月至2024年1月符合纳入、排除标准的泌尿系结石术后留置双“J”管患者70例,根据病房号分为两组,分别为HAPA模型护理干预组和常规护理组,每组均有35例参与者。常规护理组接受泌尿外科的常规围手术期护理措施,在HAPA模型护理干预组中,除了进行常规护理组护理措施外,还采用基于HAPA模型的护理干预。对比两组患者在术后第3日、出院时、出院后第7天的腰痛评分、返院拔管时的并发症发生率、健康知识知晓率以及护理满意度。结果:两组患者一般资料差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05),健康行动过程模型组患者在术后第3天、出院时、出院后第7天的腰痛评分与常规组相比,显著降低;健康行动过程模型组患者健康知识知晓率、护理满意度与常规组相比,显著提高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),两组患者的并发症发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:基于HAPA模型的护理干预能有效减少泌尿系结石术后留置双“J”管患者的疼痛程度,提高患者健康知识知晓率和护理满意度。

Asymptotic solutions of the flow of a Johnson-Segalman fluid through a slowly varying pipe using double perturbation strategy

A double perturbation strategy is presented to solve the asymptotic solutions of a Johnson-Segalman （J-S） fluid through a slowly varying pipe. First, a small parameter of the slowly varying angle is taken as the small perturbation parameter, and then the second-order asymptotic solution of the flow of a Newtonian fluid through a slowly varying pipe is obtained in the first perturbation strategy. Second, the viscoelastic parameter is selected as the small perturbation parameter in the second perturbation strategy to solve the asymptotic solution of the flow of a J-S fluid through a slowly varying pipe. Finally, the parameter effects, including the axial distance, the slowly varying angle, and the Reynolds number, on the velocity distributions are analyzed. The results show that the increases in both the axial distance and the slowly varying angle make the axial velocity slow down. However, the radial velocity increases with the slowly varying angle, and decreases with the axial distance. There are two special positions in the distribution curves of the axial velocity and the radial velocity with different Reynolds numbers, and there are different trends on both sides of the special positions. The double perturbation strategy is applicable to such problems with the flow of a non-Newtonian fluid through a slowly varying pipe.

上尿路结石术后并发双J管相关性尿路感染列线图风险预测模型的构建

目的:探讨上尿路结石病人术后并发双J管相关性尿路感染的危险因素,并构建其列线图风险预测模型。方法:回顾性收集2020年7月-2022年6月某三级甲等综合医院收治的216例上尿路结石并留置双J管病人,根据双J管相关性尿路感染的发病情况将其分为感染组与非感染组,采用单因素分析、Logistic回归分析上尿路结石病人术后并发双J管相关性尿路感染的危险因素,构建列线图风险预测模型并评价该模型的实际效用。结果:上尿路结石病人术后并发双J管相关性尿路感染29例(13.43%)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,合并糖尿病、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)和肾积水程度是上尿路结石病人术后并发双J管相关性尿路感染的独立危险因素。列线图风险预测模型内部验证结果显示,Hosmer-Lemeshow检验χ^(2)=6.981,P=0.639,ROC曲线下面积为0.853[95%CI(0.774,0.934)]。结论:构建的列线图风险预测模型具有良好的预警作用,为医护人员早期识别上尿路结石术后并发双J管相关性尿路感染的高危人群,及时采取有效的预防措施降低感染率提供依据。

Simulation of the orbit and spin period evolution of the double pulsars PSR J0737-3039 from their birth to coalescence induced by gravitational wave radiation

The complete orbital and spin period evolutions of the double neutron star(NS)system PSR J0737-3039 are simulated from birth to coalescence,which include the two observed radio pulsars classified as primary NS PSR J0737-3039 A and companion NS PSR J0737-3039 B.By employing the characteristic age of PSR J0737-3039 B to constrain the true age of the double pulsar system,the initial orbital period and initial binary separation are obtained as 2.89 h and 1.44 x 106 km,respectively,and the coalescence age or the lifetime from the birth to merger of PSR J0737-3039 is obtained to be 1.38×10^(8)yr.At the last minute of coalescence,corresponding to the gravitational wave frequency changing from 20 Hz to1180 Hz,we present the binary separation of PSR J0737-3039 to be from 442 km to 30 km,while the spin periods of PSR J0737-3039 A and PSR J0737-3039 B are 27.10 ms and 4.63 s,respectively.From the standard radio pulsar emission model,before the system merged,the primary NS could still be observed by a radio telescope,but the companion NS had crossed the death line in the pulsar magnetic-field versus period(B-P)diagram at which point it is usually considered to cease life as a pulsar.This is the first time that the whole life evolutionary simulation of the orbit and spin periods for a double NS system is presented,which provides useful information for observing a primary NS at the coalescence stage.

精囊镜术后双J管留置技术减少射精管瘢痕性梗阻复发

目的:介绍一种尿道精囊镜检查(TSV)术后精囊内留置双J(D-J)管的方法,以期减少瘢痕相关性射精管阻塞(EDO)复发。方法:采用一项随机对照试验,比较TSV术后是否留置D-J管的手术治疗效果和并发症情况,以及复发率和复发时间。对患者的基线资料和TSV相关手术参数进行统计分析比较。其中,基线资料包括年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、术前抗生素使用情况、尿路相关病史、TSV相关手术参数包括手术时间以及术中和术后的并发症等。比较两组患者的术后并发症和术后住院天数,并重点对EDO的复发率及复发时间进行进一步分析。结果:本研究共纳入56例患者。其中,27例患者予留置D-J管(试验组)治疗,29例患者非留置D-J管(对照组)的常规TSV手术治疗。试验组和对照组的术后随访时间分别为(40.5±10.6)、(32.5±14.8)个月。两组患者在基线资料、术中和术后并发症以及术后住院天数方面无显著统计学差异(P>0.05),但手术时间和复发率有显著统计学差异(P均<0.05),试验组的复发率(18.5%)显著低于对照组(44.8%),两组中位复发时间接近(对照组21.0个月,试验组22.0个月)。结论:TSV术后留置D-J管的新方法,可以减少EDO术后复发。

A Study to Compare the Safety and Efficacy of Solifenacin, Tamsulosin and Tadalafil in Relieving Double-J Stent Related Symptoms

Objective: To evaluate and compare the safety and efficacy of Solifenacin, Tamsulosin, and Tadalafil in treating ureteral stent related symptoms (SRS) in patients with indwelling Double-J ureteral stents. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on 146 consecutive patients in the department of urology, Government Stanley Medical College & Hospital, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India between Sept 2017-March 2019, with SRS after taking informed consent and confirming DJ Stent position by X-ray KUB post-operatively. Patients were randomized into 4 groups: Group A (Placebo), Group B (Solifenacin 5 mg), and Group B (Tamsulosin 0.4 mg) and group D (Tadalafil 5 mg) at end of 1st week till the removal of DJ stent at end of 3 weeks. All patients were assessed for bothersome lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) using the validated Ureteral Stent Symptom Questionnaire (USSQ) at 1st week and 3 weeks after the starting of medications. Appropriate statistical analysis as carried out and the level of significance was set at P Results: LUTS, general health, and work performance improved with Solifenacin, Tamsulosin and Tadalafil and all the three were comparable in relieving urinary symptoms. Tadalafil was better at relieving body pain, additional problems and sexual problems better than Tamsulosin. Tadalafil showed comparable improvement in LUTS, better sexual health and decreased body pain compared to solifenacin, whereas the latter had better general health, additional problems & work performance scores. Conclusion: Solifenacin is more effective than Tamsulosin in alleviating LUTS associated with SRS and both show a distinctive advantage over placebo. PDE inhibitor Tadalafil can also be tried for SRS and is as effective as antimuscarinics and α-blockers in relieving urinary symptoms and is more efficacious in relieving sexual symptoms and body pain.