Enhancing the stability of Ni Fe-layered double hydroxide nanosheet array for alkaline seawater oxidation by Ce doping

Electrocatalytic hydrogen production from seawater holds enormous promise for clean energy generation.Nevertheless,the direct electrolysis of seawater encounters significant challenges due to poor anodic stability caused by detrimental chlorine chemistry.Herein,we present our recent discovery that the incorporation of Ce into Ni Fe layered double hydroxide nanosheet array on Ni foam(Ce-Ni Fe LDH/NF)emerges as a robust electrocatalyst for seawater oxidation.During the seawater oxidation process,CeO_(2)is generated,effectively repelling Cl^(-)and inhibiting the formation of Cl O-,resulting in a notable enhancement in the oxidation activity and stability of alkaline seawater.The prepared Ce-Ni Fe LDH/NF requires only overpotential of 390 m V to achieve the current density of 1 A cm^(-2),while maintaining long-term stability for 500 h,outperforming the performance of Ni Fe LDH/NF(430 m V,150 h)by a significant margin.This study highlights the effectiveness of a Ce-doping strategy in augmenting the activity and stability of materials based on Ni Fe LDH in seawater electrolysis for oxygen evolution.

Effect of nitrite intercalated Mg-Al layered double hydroxides on mortar durability under Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) coexisting environment

The aim of this paper is to investigate the effect of nitrite intercalated Mg-Al layered double hydroxides(Mg-Al LDH-NO_(2))on mortar durability under the coexisting environment of Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-).Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) binding properties of Mg-Al LDH-NO_(2) in simulated concrete pore solutions,Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) diffusion properties of mortars with Mg-Al LDHNO 2 were examined.The steel corrosion and resistance of mortar against SO_(4)^(2-) attack were also evaluated.The results indicate that Mg-Al LDH-NO_(2) can effectively adsorb the Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) in simulated concrete pore solution,and inhibit the diffusion of Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) into cement mortars.The presence of SO_(4)^(2-) can greatly affect the uptake amount of Cl−,and there is a coupled effect of Cl−and SO_(4)^(2-) on their penetration into mortar specimens.In addition,Mg-Al LDH-NO_(2) can greatly upgrade the resistance of mortars against SO_(4)^(2-) attack and well prevent the steel from corrosion.However,Cl−will aggravate the SO_(4)^(2-) attack and SO_(4)^(2-) can initially decrease and then increase the steel corrosion.

Desorption of Cl^(-) from Mg-Al layered double hydroxide intercalated with Cl^(-) using CO_(2) gas and water

Mg-Al layered double hydroxide intercalated with CO_(3)^(2-)(CO_(3)·Mg-Al LDH) is effective for treating HCl exhaust gas.HCl reacts with CO_(3)^(2-) in CO_(3)·Mg-Al LDH, resulting in the formation of Cl·Mg-Al LDH.We propose that CO_(2) can be used for the desorption of Cl^(-)from Cl·Mg-Al LDH to regenerate CO_(3)·Mg-Al LDH.Herein,we studied the desorption of a from CI-Mg-Al LDH by adding water to Cl·Mg-Al LDH and blowing CO_(2) into it.We also analyzed the effects of temperature and water addition speed on the desorption of CI^(-)from Cl·Mg-Al LDH.Our results show that the added water adhered to CI·Mg-Al LDH and that CO_(2) in the gaseous phase was dissolved in this adhered water,thus generating CO_(3)^(2-).Therefore,anion exchange occurred between CO_(3)^(2-) and Cl^(-)in the Cl·Mg-Al LDH,thus desorbing Cl^(-).

Promoting surface reconstruction of NiFe layered double hydroxides via intercalating[Cr(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)]^(3-)for enhanced oxygen evolution

Rationally manipulating surface reconstruction of catalysts for water oxidation,inducing formation and dynamic accumulation of catalytically active centers still face numerous challenges.Herein,the introduction of[Cr(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)]^(3-)into NiFe LDHs by intercalation engineering to promote surface reconstruction achieves an advanced oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activity.In view of the weak electronegativity of Cr^(3+) in[Cr(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)]^(3-),the intercalation of[Cr(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)]^(3-)is expected to result in an electron-rich structure of Fe sites in NiFe LDHs,and higher valence state of Ni can be formed with the charge transfer between Fe and Ni.The optimized electronic structure of NiFe-[Cr(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)]^(3-)-LDHs with more active Ni^(3+) species and the expedited dynamic generation of Ni^(3+) (Fe)OOH phase during the OER process contributed to its excellent catalytic property,revealed by in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,and quasi-in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.With the modulated electronic structure of metal sites,NiFe-[Cr(C_(2)O_(4))_(3)]^(3-)-LDHs exhibited promoted OER property with a lower overpotential of 236 mV at the current density of 10 mA cm^(-2).This work illustrates the intercalation of conjugated anion to dynamically construct desired Ni^(3+) sites with the optimal electronic environment for improved OER electrocatalysis.

Dual-function protective layer for highly reversible Zn anode

The thermodynamic instability of zinc anodes in aqueous electrolytes leads to issues such as corrosion,hydrogen evolution reactions(HER), and dendrite growth, severely hindering the practical application of zinc-based aqueous energy storage devices. To address these challenges, this work proposes a dualfunction zinc anode protective layer, composed of Zn-Al-In layered double oxides(ILDO) by rationally designing Zn-Al layered double hydroxides(Zn-Al LDHs) for the first time. Differing from previous works on the LDHs coatings, firstly, the ILDO layer accelerates zinc-ion desolvation and also captures and anchors SO_(4)^(2-). Secondly, the in-situ formation of the Zn-In alloy phase effectively lowers the nucleation energy barrier, thereby regulating zinc nucleation. Consequently, the zinc anode with the ILDO protective layer demonstrates long-term stability exceeding 1900 h and low voltage hysteresis of 7.5 m V at 0.5 m A cm^(-2) and 0.5 m A h cm^(-2). Additionally, it significantly enhances the rate capability and cycling performance of Zn@ILDO//MnO_(2) full batteries and Zn@ILDO//activated carbon zinc-ion hybrid capacitors.This simple and effective dual-function protective layer strategy offers a promising approach for achieving high-performance zinc-ion batteries.

断层地震动作用对双层隔震体系倾覆特性的影响

为研究双层隔震体系抗倾覆性能受近断层地震动的影响,将中间隔震层分别设置在第三层、第六层和第九层,建立双层隔震体系,输入不同运动特征的近断层地震波,探讨双层隔震体系的抗倾覆性能。研究表明:近断层脉冲型地震动严重影响双层隔震体系的抗倾覆性能,随着地震动加速度峰值增加这一影响会更明显,含速度脉冲的滑冲效应和破裂向前方向效应容易使结构发生倾覆破坏。近断层地震动作用下,双层隔震体系隔震层的压应力不会超限,但隔震层位移和拉应力会超出限值导致隔震层倾覆,且双层隔震体系包含的两个隔震层中,基础隔震层倾覆风险更大;中间隔震层设置在第三层时,双层隔震体系的抗倾覆性能表现最优。

Comments on “Efficient adsorption of Mn(Ⅱ) by layered double hydroxides intercalated with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and the mechanistic study.J.Environ.Sci.85,56-65”

In the paper entitled"Efficient adsorption of Mn(Ⅱ)by layered double hydroxides intercalated with di ethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid and the mechanistic study"in Journal of Environmental Sciences,volume 85,page 56-65,there were problems with mathematical notation and dimensional errors in the calculation for Giibbs free energy.In Section 2.5:Adsorption isotherms and thermodynamics studies,authors calculated the Gibbs free energy change(△G°)

基于ATP-Draw的双层土壤中杆塔接地装置冲击特性的仿真研究

为研究分层土壤对接地装置冲击散流特性的影响,本文提出一种基于ATP-Draw的双层土壤中杆塔接地装置冲击特性仿真方法。采用拉普拉斯方法计算双层土壤中的水平接地体、垂直接地体的接地电阻值,以及双层土壤结构下接地装置各部分链式电路模型的电导参数、电容参数、电感参数等,搭建复杂土壤中杆塔接地装置的ATP-Draw仿真模型,该模型能够实现分层土壤中输电线路杆塔接地装置雷电冲击特性的仿真分析及冲击接地电阻的准确计算,可用于杆塔接地系统设计。

水位下降诱发含水层-弱透水层1维黏弹性固结分析

过量开采地下水引起的地面沉降是一种严重的环境地质灾害,其具有土层变形长期发展的特点,弱透水层黏性土与含水层砂土的流变性是导致这一现象的重要原因之一。为此,采用广义开尔文模型描述弱透水层和含水层的流变性,结合太沙基1维固结理论和连续性条件,建立了水位变化诱发弱透水层–含水层双层系统流变固结的控制方程和定解条件。利用Laplace变换,给出基于传统矩阵传递法和边界转换法,分别推导了该双层系统在Laplace域内孔压和沉降的计算公式;采用Stehfest逆变换方法进行数值模拟并编写计算程序,得到真实物理空间解。通过与已有单层解析解、双层模型试验值和数值模拟结果的对比,验证了本文解法和程序的正确性。对比研究表明,相比于传统矩阵传递法,边界转换法可以将混合边界条件转换成单一边界条件,具有更高的计算精度和计算效率。最后,基于边界转换法,利用总沉降定义的固结度,研究了土体黏滞性系数、渗透系数以及水位下降速率等因素对土层长期变形的影响。结果表明:渗透系数和水位下降速率的影响主要体现在前中期,渗透性越小,水位下降速率越慢,固结发展得越慢;黏滞性系数的影响则主要体现在土层变形的后期,黏滞性越强,同等水位变化条件下变形完成所需时间越长。

双层地基基坑降水-防渗-回灌耦合模型沉降控制研究

针对双层复合地基基坑降水过程中极易引发地基渗透破坏和基坑周边建筑物沉降等问题,为真实模拟现场双层地基三维渗流条件,自行研制了室内大型渗流试验装置,开展了双层地基基坑降水-防渗墙防渗-回灌井回灌的耦合模型试验.试验表明,相对于降水-防渗条件,增设回灌后,基坑外上排测压管水头抬升近10.7%,下排测压管水位抬升约3.1%;各测压管外侧水头比内侧平均高出约2.75%,说明在基坑降水-防渗的同时进行坑外回灌可以有效地提高基坑外回灌井底端土层以上区域的水头高度,减小基坑外建筑物的沉降.运用FLAC3D软件对坑外沉降进行数值计算,进一步印证了模型试验中降水-防渗-回灌耦合模型对沉降控制的效果.相关研究成果对复合地基降水过程中的渗透变形及地基沉降控制有一定的参考价值。

一种地面双层升降式停车装置

城市停车位的稀缺问题长期以来一直是一项极为紧迫的挑战,尤其是在中国等城市化发展快速的地区。这一挑战不仅对市民的生活品质产生显著的负面影响,同时也引发了城市交通拥堵、违规停车等一系列复杂而棘手的交通问题,给城市的可持续发展和交通管理带来了巨大挑战。本文设计了一种地面双层升降式停车装置,旨在解决城市停车位不足的问题,通过快速改造车库结构,提高城市停车空间的使用率。

One-dimensional Zigzag Chain Composed of HgI_2 Unit and 2,5-Bis(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole:[HgI_2(C_(12)H_8N_4S)]

The title compound, [HgI2（C12H8N4S）], has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. It crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 14.086（2）, b = 6.0365（6）, c = 20.286（2）°A,β= 108.818（5）°, V = 1632.7（3）°A^3, Mr = 694.67, Z = 4, D, = 2.826 g/cm^3,μ= 13.331 mm^-1, F（000） = 1240, S = 1.108, the final R = 0.0438 and wR = 0.0934 for 3085 observed reflections （I〉 2σ（I））. The Hg（Ⅱ） atom is coordinated by two 2,5-bis（4-pyridyl）-1,3,4-thiadiazole （L） molecules and two iodine anions in a distorted tetrahedral coordination geometry. Mercury atoms are linked by the organic ligands to form a one-dimensional zigzag chain. It is noteworthy that such 1D zigzag chains are extended into a two-dimensional double layer framework through I…I interactions

气囊式框架地梁边坡支护结构力学性能分析

针对地震、崩塌等自然灾害频发而导致的边坡失稳问题,提出了可快速应对抢险救灾工作的气囊式锚杆框架地梁新型结构,并阐述了该新型结构的工作机理。分析气囊框架地梁受荷时玻璃钢与气囊的受力特性,给出了气囊框架地梁承载力计算方法;结合气压传动和双层弹性地基梁理论,建立了气囊框架地梁-锚杆-土体协调变形的计算模型,给出了气囊式框架地梁在边坡支护施工阶段与工作阶段的力学效应计算方法。结果表明:①气囊式框架梁结构承载力主要由框架梁板厚、板材强度、气囊内压和高度决定,增加框架板厚、板材强度、气囊内压和高度可以提高结构承载力;②气囊式框架梁支护边坡存在施工和工作两个阶段,工作阶段位于坡脚处的框架梁剪力和弯矩出现较大的上升,设计时应作为最不利因素着重考虑;③支护设计时还应综合考虑支护效果、结构承载力和经济性给出设计方案,确保结构在实际抢险救灾中的可靠性、时效性和经济性。研究成果可在边坡快速支护中为新型结构的设计应用提供理论依据和指导。

近断层地震动作用下平面不规则结构双层隔震体系抗震性能分析

为探究平面不规则建筑采用双层隔震体系受水平方向近断层地震动影响时的抗扭情况,对某一12层平面不规则框架结构模型,考虑中间隔震层位置不同的影响,使用SAP2000有限元软件建立三种不同的双层隔震体系模型,即三层、六层、九层隔震体系,并与基础固定模型和传统基础隔震模型相对比,以X和Y两个水平方向对结构输入两种类型的近断层地震波进行数值模拟,分析结构输出的各种与抗震性能相关的动力响应参数。结果表明:五种模型中,三层隔震体系能使结构的自振周期增加1.8倍,且周期比更小;三层隔震体系的层间剪力最小;三层隔震体系可有效减小结构的层间位移角;三层隔震体系对平面不规则结构楼层加速度控制能力优于其他模型;三种双层隔震体系的扭转位移比均远小于基础固定模型,其对小跨度方向扭转位移比的控制更明显;三层隔震体系相比于其他模型具有更好的抗震性能且布置时应注意中间隔震层的参数选择。

高地应力隧道支护参数优化设计研究

依托某在建高速公路项目,开展高地应力隧道支护参数优化设计研究。对试验段隧道拱顶沉降以及水平收敛进行现场监测,结果表明:采用以工字钢为支护骨架的单层初支不能控制高地应力隧道的大变形,主要表现为拱架破坏、混凝土剥落;采用“双层初支”在一定程度上可控制大变形;增加内层支护的刚度在一定程度上减小“双层支护”的累计变形量,但无法大幅度缩短变形稳定周期;适当增加内外层初支之间的预留变形量支护效果最佳,累计变形量较小同时变形稳定周期缩短。

海岸礁石地区风电机组接地特性研究

为研究海岸地区风电机组冲击接地特性和工频接地特性,文中基于傅立叶变换与反变换理论,通过建立风电机组圆环加垂直接地极模型,与海岸地区礁石、淤泥水平双层土壤这一特殊地质结构相结合,讨论了垂直接地极根数、雷电流波头时间、礁石层厚度以及土壤电阻率大小对风电机组冲击接地电阻和工频接地电阻的影响。结果表明:垂直接地极能有效降低冲击接地电阻和工频接地电阻,但并不是越长越好,其存在一个有效长度;随着雷电流波头时间的增加,冲击接地电阻不断减小;礁石层厚度对冲击接地电阻影响较大,若厚度太大会使工频接地电阻满足工程要求而冲击接地电阻并不满足要求;礁石层土壤电阻率对冲击接地电阻影响较大,对工频接地电阻影响较小,淤泥层土壤电阻率对工频接地电阻影响较大,对冲击接地电阻影响较小。

双层钢筋衬砌质量检测正演模拟与试验

采用基于时域有限差分法的开源模拟软件gprMax和中心频率1500 MHz的天线对双层钢筋衬砌质量检测过程进行了正演模拟,并制作了双层钢筋衬砌模型进行检测。结果表明:两者雷达图像中钢筋的反射波幅度、相位相似,钢筋均呈现出开口向下的双曲线特征;由于电磁波的趋肤效应,表层钢筋产生多次反射波,导致正演模拟雷达图像中第二层钢筋信号被遮蔽。

强夯法处理双层软弱地基试验区监测与检测浅析

“双层软弱地基”地层结构常见于江海湖湾地区,一般地表为3~5 m厚的水力冲填土,以松散、不均匀的粉土、粉砂为主,其下为孔隙比大、压缩性高、强度低的淤泥质土。大面积处理“双层软弱地基”常采用降水联合低能级强夯法,本文以江苏南通通州湾江海联动开发示范区建设制造基地项目为例,详细介绍了强夯法试验概况,对监测与检测成果进行了分析,结合工程实践提出了几种新的地基处理思路,可供同类项目参考。

双层钢桁架结构地面重叠拼装整体提升安装施工技术

本文以武汉盛世国际文体项目为例,对地上框架双层双向交叉H型钢桁架结构进行分析,结合现场场地条件、机械配置情况考虑,综合对比、评选施工方案,采用地面原位重叠拼装、整体液压同步提升施工技术,将绝大部分工作内容转移至地面进行,降低安全隐患、提高施工质量,提高施工效率、保证施工进度,取得一定经济效益。

南京冬季一次雾过程宏微观结构的突变特征及成因分析

2006年冬,利用系留气球探测系统、雾滴谱仪、能见度仪等仪器在南京北郊进行了雾的综合观测。本文选取2006年12月14日的一次浓雾过程,利用边界层廓线、雾滴谱、能见度以及NCEP再分析资料,深入研究雾顶和地面雾浓度的突变特征(爆发性增强和迅速减弱过程)及其成因。结果表明:雾顶的爆发性发展是湍流促使水汽向上输送、在上层逆温下累积并伴随大幅降温引起的;地面雾浓度爆发性增强时,近地层冷平流降温导致饱和水汽压减小,同时上层系统性的下沉增温引起逆温增强,水汽得以累积;雾顶的迅速下降过程中,雾顶部湍流发展,同时下沉运动引起了气层增温、雾体双层结构和低空急流的出现;地面雾的迅速减弱是太阳辐射和动量下传共同作用的结果;下沉运动对雾生消的作用具有双重性;雾的双层结构出现在雾顶大幅下降过程中,并加快了雾顶的下降速度,这与以往研究中双层结构促使雾顶爆发性发展有很大差异。