基于改进Double-Head RCNN的无人机航拍图像小目标检测算法

为解决无人机航拍图像中小目标特征信息少且容易被噪声干扰导致现有算法漏检率和误检率高的问题,提出一种改进Double-Head Region-卷积神经网络(RCNN)的无人机航拍图像小目标检测算法。在骨干网络ResNet-50上引入Transformer和可变形卷积(DCN)模块,更有效提取小目标特征信息和语义信息;提出一种基于内容感知特征重组(CARAFE)的特征金字塔网络(FPN)结构模块,解决特征融合过程中小目标被背景噪声干扰而丢失特征信息的问题;在区域建议网络中针对小目标尺度分布特点重新设置Anchor生成尺度,进一步提升小目标检测性能。在VisDrone-DET2021数据集上的实验结果表明:所提算法能提取更具有表征能力的小目标特征信息和语义信息,对比Double-Head RCNN算法,所提算法的参数量增加了9.73×10^(6),FPS损失了0.6,但是AP、AP50和AP75分别提升了2.6%、6.2%和2.1%,APs提升了3.1%。

Direct Pointwise Comparison of FE Predictions to StereoDIC Measurements:Developments and Validation Using Double Edge-Notched Tensile Specimen

To compare finite element analysis(FEA)predictions and stereovision digital image correlation(StereoDIC)strain measurements at the same spatial positions throughout a region of interest,a field comparison procedure is developed.The procedure includes(a)conversion of the finite element data into a triangular mesh,(b)selection of a common coordinate system,(c)determination of the rigid body transformation to place both measurements and FEA data in the same system and(d)interpolation of the FEA nodal information to the same spatial locations as the StereoDIC measurements using barycentric coordinates.For an aluminum Al-6061 double edge notched tensile specimen,FEA results are obtained using both the von Mises isotropic yield criterion and Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,with the unknown Hill model parameters determined using full-field specimen strain measurements for the nominally plane stress specimen.Using Hill’s quadratic anisotropic yield criterion,the point-by-point comparison of experimentally based full-field strains and stresses to finite element predictions are shown to be in excellent agreement,confirming the effectiveness of the field comparison process.

On Fuzzy Conformable Double Laplace Transform with Applications to Partial Differential Equations

The Laplace transformation is a very important integral transform,and it is extensively used in solving ordinary differential equations,partial differential equations,and several types of integro-differential equations.Our purpose in this study is to introduce the notion of fuzzy double Laplace transform,fuzzy conformable double Laplace transform(FCDLT).We discuss some basic properties of FCDLT.We obtain the solutions of fuzzy partial differential equations(both one-dimensional and two-dimensional cases)through the double Laplace approach.We demonstrate through numerical examples that our proposed method is very successful and convenient for resolving partial differential equations.

Generating Marker-Free Transgenic Tobacco Plants by Agrobacteriummediated Transformation with Double T-DNA Binary Vector

We have developed a 'double T-DNA' binary vector system for generating selectable marker-free transgenic plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The 'double T-DNA' binary vector pDLBRBbarm which carried two independent T-DNAs, one containing a selectable marker neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) gene and the other a bargene, was constructed. Transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants were then produced by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation with this vector. Frequency of the primary transformants co-integrated with npt II gene and bar gene was 59.2%. Segregation of two T-DNA regions was found in 3 out of 4 T-1 lines from co-transformed T-0 plants with nptII and bar PPT-resistant and kanamycin-sensitive plants were in approximate 19.5% of the T-1 plants. The result indicated that this 'double T-DNA' vector system could be a workable approach to generate transgenic plants free from selectable marker genes. Co-transformation of nptII gene and bar gene to plants with mixtures of Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains containing single T-DNA vectors was also tested. Frequency of co-transformed plants was 20.0%-47.7% and relatively low as compared with that of 'double T-DNA' vector system.

Influence of Heating Rate on Double Reversible Transformation in CuZnAlMnNi Shape Memory Alloy

The influence of heating rate on double reversible transformation in CuZnAlMnNi shape memory alloy was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that rapid heating inhibits X -->M transformation but is favorable to the reverse martensite transformation, giving rise to the approach of the two transformation peaks. With the decrease of heating rate, the two transformation peaks separate gradually.

Double Elzaki Transform Decomposition Method for Solving Non-Linear Partial Differential Equations

In this paper, we discuss a new method employed to tackle non-linear partial differential equations, namely Double Elzaki Transform Decomposition Method (DETDM). This method is a combination of the Double ELzaki Transform and Adomian Decomposition Method. This technique is hereafter provided and supported with necessary illustrations, together with some attached examples. The results reveal that the new method is very efficient, simple and can be applied to other non-linear problems.

Results Involving Partial Differential Equations and Their Solution by Certain Integral Transform

In this study,we aimto investigate certain triple integral transformand its application to a class of partial differentialequations.We discuss various properties of the new transformincluding inversion, linearity, existence, scaling andshifting, etc. Then,we derive several results enfolding partial derivatives and establish amulti-convolution theorem.Further, we apply the aforementioned transform to some classical functions and many types of partial differentialequations involving heat equations,wave equations, Laplace equations, and Poisson equations aswell.Moreover,wedraw some figures to illustrate 3-D contour plots for exact solutions of some selected examples involving differentvalues in their variables.

Elite,transformable haploid inducers in maize

The introduction of alleles into commercial crop breeding pipelines is both time consuming and costly.Two technologies that are disrupting traditional breeding processes are doubled haploid(DH)breeding and genome editing(GE).Recently,these techniques were combined into a GE trait delivery system called HI-Edit(Haploid Inducer-Edit).In HI-Edit,the pollen of a haploid inducer line is reprogrammed to deliver GE traits to any variety,obviating recurrent selection.For HI-Edit to operate at scale,an efficient transformable HI line is needed,but most maize varieties are recalcitrant to transformation,and haploid inducers are especially difficult to transform given their aberrant reproductive behaviors.Leveraging marker assisted selection and a three-tiered testing scheme,we report the development of new Iodent and Stiff Stalk maize germplasm that are transformable,have high haploid induction rates,and exhibit a robust,genetically-dominant anthocyanin native trait that may be used for rapid haploid identification.We show that transformation of these elite‘‘HI-Edit”lines is enhanced using the BABYBOOM and WUSCHEL morphogenetic factors.Finally,we evaluate the HI-Edit performance of one of the lines against both Stiff Stalk and non-Stiff Stalk testers.The strategy and results of this study should facilitate the development of commercially scalable HI-Edit systems in diverse crops.

Effects of multiple shapes for steady flow with transformer oil+Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2) between two stretchable rotating disks

In this study,we examine the effects of various shapes of nanoparticles in a steady flow of hybrid nanofluids between two stretchable rotating disks.The steady flow of hybrid nanofluids with transformer oil as the base fluid and Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2)as the hybrid nanofluid is considered.Several shapes of Fe_(3)O_(4)+TiO_(2)hybrid nanofluids,including sphere,brick,blade,cylinder,and platelet,are studied.Every shape exists in the same volume of a nanoparticle.The leading equations(partial differential equations(PDEs))are transformed to the nonlinear ordinary differential equations(ODEs)with the help of similarity transformations.The system of equations takes the form of ODEs depending on the boundary conditions,whose solutions are computed numerically by the bvp4c MATLAB solver.The outputs are compared with the previous findings,and an intriguing pattern is discovered,such that the tangential velocity is increased for the rotation parameter,while it is decreased by the stretching values because of the lower disk.For the reaction rate parameter,the concentration boundary layer becomes shorter,and the activation energy component increases the rate at which mass transfers come to the higher disk but have the opposite effect on the bottom disk.The ranges of various parameters taken into account are Pr=6.2,Re=2,M=1.0,φ_(1)=φ_(2)=0.03,K=0.5,S=-0.1,Br=0.3,Sc=2.0,α_(1)=0.2,γ=0.1,E_(n)=2.0,and q=1.0,and the rotation factor K is within the range of 0 to 1.

Kinetic equations characterizing double reversible transformations in heating CuZnAlMnNi shape memory alloy

The apparent activation energies and frequency factors of thedouble reversible transformations occurring in heating CuZnAlMnNIshape memory alloy (SMA) were deduced as ΔE_x→M = 62. 597 8 KJ/mol, ΔE_M → A = 153. 92 KJ/Mol, A_x→M = 5.2232 × 10~9S^-1, andA_ M → A = 2.3251 × 10~23 S^-1, respectively. The kinetic equationsof the two transformations due- Ing heating were establishedsimultaneously.

Double reversible transformations under various treatment states

The double reversible transformations at low temperature in CuZnAlMnNi shape memory alloy were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. It is found that the transformations occur not only in the as quenched sample, but also in the as trained, as aged and as thermal cycled samples, and various treatments give rise to different influences on the transformation temperatures of the two transformations. Though the temperature interval between the two transformation peaks increases after training, aging and thermal cycling, the initial temperature of the M → A transformation is just the final temperature of the X → M transformation, namely, the X → M transformation is immediately followed by the M → A transformation upon heating.

ON DOUBLE SINE AND COSINE TRANSFORMS,LIPSCHITZ AND ZYGMUND CLASSES

We consider complex-valued functions f ∈ L^1 （R^2＋）, where R＋ ：= [0,∞）, and prove sufficient conditions under which the double sine Fourier transform fss and the double cosine Fourier transform fcc belong to one of the two-dimensional Lipschitz classes Lip（a,β） for some 0 〈 α,β ≤ 1; or to one of the Zygmund classes Zyg（α,β） for some 0 〈 α,β ≤ 2. These sufficient conditions are best possible in the sense that they are also necessary for nonnegative-valued functions f ∈ L^1 （R^2＋）.

Double Transformed Tubal Nuclear Norm Minimization for Tensor Completion

Non-convex methods play a critical role in low-rank tensor completion for their approximation to tensor rank is tighter than that of convex methods.But they usually cost much more time for calculating singular values of large tensors.In this paper,we propose a double transformed tubal nuclear norm(DTTNN)to replace the rank norm penalty in low rank tensor completion(LRTC)tasks.DTTNN turns the original non-convex penalty of a large tensor into two convex penalties of much smaller tensors,and it is shown to be an equivalent transformation.Therefore,DTTNN could take advantage of non-convex envelopes while saving time.Experimental results on color image and video inpainting tasks verify the effectiveness of DTTNN compared with state-of-the-art methods.

Double Elzaki Transform Decomposition Method for Solving Third Order Korteweg-De-Vries Equations

In this study, we used Double Elzaki Transform (DET) coupled with Adomian polynomial to produce a new method to solve Third Order Korteweg-De Vries Equations (KdV) equations. We will provide the necessary explanation for this method with addition some examples to demonstrate the effectiveness of this method.

Experimental Investigation of the Deformation of Helical Gears with Double－Circular－Arc Tooth Profile Using Linear Variable Differential Transformer

A small hole of 0.9mm in diameter is drilled at the theoretical contact point of the convex tooth flank of the measured gear, and the hole leads throughout to the non-working flank. A stylus glued to the core of transformer is put into the hole, and the stylus can freely contact with the meshed concave tooth flank. The transformer is installed on the body of gear to be measured. Rotate the positioning worm slowly after loading, and locate the contact point at the hole of convex tooth flank, the displacement value measured is considered as the deformation of convex tooth. The deformations at the middle and the two ends of tooth breadth for the helical gears with double-circular-cra tooth profile whose modules are 3mm and 4mm respectively are measured in the paper.

Quantum fluctuations of mesoscopic damped double resonance RLC circuit with mutual capacitance-inductance coupling

Based on the scheme of damped harmonic oscillator quantization and thermo-field dynamics （TFD）, the quantization of mesoscopic damped double resonance RLC circuit with mutual capacitance-inductance coupling is proposed. The quantum fluctuations of charge and current of each loop in a squeezed vacuum state are studied in the thermal excitation case. It is shown that the fluctuations not only depend on circuit inherent parameters, but also rely on excitation quantum number and squeezing parameter. Moreover, due to the finite environmental temperature and damped resistance, the fluctuations increase with the temperature rising, and decay with time.

A closed-form solution for a double infinite Euler-Bernoulli beam on a viscoelastic foundation subjected to harmonic line load

The dynamic response of a double infinite beam system connected by a viscoelastic foundation under the harmonic line load is studied. The double infinite beam system consists of two identical and parallel beams, and the two beams are infinite elastic homogeneous and isotropic. A viscoelastic layer connects the two beams continuously. To decouple the two coupled equations governing the response of the double infinite beam system, a variable substitution method is introduced. The frequency domain solutions of the decoupled equations are obtained by using Fourier transforms as well as Laplace transforms successively. The time domain solution in the generalized integral form are then obtained by employing the corresponding inverse transforms, i.e. Fourier transform and inverse Laplace transform. The solution is verified by numerical examples, and the effects of parameters on the response are also investigated.

SOLVING COUPLED PSEUDO-PARABOLIC EQUATION USING A MODIFIED DOUBLE LAPLACE DECOMPOSITION METHOD

In this paper, the modification of double Laplace decomposition method is pro- posed for the analytical approximation solution of a coupled system of pseudo-parabolic equation with initial conditions. Some examples are given to support our presented method. In addition, we prove the convergence of double Laplace transform decomposition method applied to our problems.

Domain of Euler Mean in the Space of Absolutely p-Summable Double Sequences with 0

In this study, as the domain of four dimensional Euler mean E(r,s) of orders r,sin the space L_p for 0 < p < 1, we examine the double sequence space ε_p^(r,s) and some properties of four dimensional Euler mean. We determine the α-and β(bp)-duals of the space εp r,s, and characterize the classes(ε_p^(r,s):M_u),(ε_p^(r,s):C_(bp)) and(ε_p^(r,s):L_q) of four dimensional matrix transformations, where 1 ≤q < ∞. Finally, we shortly emphasize on the Euler spaces of single and double sequences, and note some further suggestions.

STABLE DOUBLE LR ALGORITHM AND ITS ERROR ANALYSIS

In this paper,the normative matrices and their double LR transformationwith origin shifts are defined,and the essential relationship between the double LR transformation of a normative matrix and the QR transformation of the related symmetrictridiagonal matrix is proved.We obtain a stable double LR algorithm for double LRtransformation of normative matrices and give the error analysis of our algorithm.Theoperation number of the stable double LR algorithm for normative matrices is only foursevenths of the rational QR algorithm for real symmetric tridiagonal matrices.