High-precision inductance measurement system based on double-excitation auto-balancing bridge

In order to achieve high precision measurement of inductance in a wide frequency range,a method of inductance measurement based on double-excitation auto-balancing bridge is proposed.In this method,the direct digital synthesizer(DDS)as signal generator is used as the bridge excitation source,and the bridge is automatically balanced by adjusting and measuring the voltage ratio.Using standard resistors,the system can achieve high precision measurement of four-terminal pair inductors in the frequency range of 100Hz-100kHz.Aiming at the low efficiency of bridge balancing,an iterative balancing algorithm based on the steepest descent method is proposed.In order to suppress the interference caused by the initial phase change and non-integer periodic sampling,the high-precision measurement of the complex impedance of inductance is realized based on the all-phase fast Fourier transform(apFFT).Finally,the corresponding measurement system is built and the inductance measurement experiment is carried out.The experimental results show that the relative error of the system for inductance measurement can be as low as 0.009%,and the optimal relative measurement uncertainty of the system can reach 9.89×10^(-4)compared with 5×10^(-5)of commercial impedance analyzer.

Double-excited states of charge transfer band and 4f-4f in single-phase K_(3)Gd(VO_(4))_(2):Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) phosphors with superior sensing sensitivity for potential luminescent thermometers

Temperature is one of the fundamental parameters for thermodynamics and its accurate detection is necessary.The novel strategy of luminescent materials based on the fluorescence intensity ratio technique has been promised for thermometers in more practical environments to overcome the drawbacks of conventional thermometers in recent.Herein,the novel single-phase K_(3) Gd(VO_(4))_(2):Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) phosphors were successfully prepared,and the ~4 G_(5/2)→ ~6 H9/2(Sm^(3+)) and ~5 D_(4) → ~7 F_(5)(Tb^(3+)) transitions could be promised for luminescent thermometers.Besides,under the double-excited states of charge transfer band(CTB,317 nm) and 4 f-4 f(478 nm) excitations,the K_(3) Gd(VO_(4))_(2):Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) phosphors exhibited different concentration quenching mechanisms in energy transfer processes and also showed superior absolute sensing sensitivity(S_a) and relative sensing sensitivity(S_r).Especially,the maximum S_a and S_r values reached up to 0.568 K^(-1) and 11.24% K^(-1),respectively and the temperature resolution of the KGV:0.2 Tb^(3+)/0.01 Sm^(3+)phosphor was higher than 0.004 K under the excitation wavelength of CTB(317 nm),indicating that the double-excited states in the single-phase KGV:Tb^(3+)/Sm^(3+) phosphors with superior sensing sensitivity could be a novel candidate for potential optical thermometers.

Double-excited resonant structure of photoionization

The dominant diagrams were found in double-excited resonant structure of photoionization by using many-body perturbation theory.Based on the characteristics of these diagrams,the couple-equation method was improved,and the summation of specific classes of these diagrams is to an infinite order,and the resonant peaks with the widths are obtained first.The doubled-excited resonant structures (2p,3s)→(3p,np),(3p,nf),(3d,nd),(3d,ns) and (4s,ns) of the photoionization processes 2p→ks,kd are obtained.The photoionization with excitation process (2p,3s)→(3p,kp) was included in the calculations.The results of calculations are compared with the experimental data from 38.5 to 46.8 eV photon energies,which are in good agreement with the experiment.