Performance and Application of Double-layered Microcapsule Corrosion Inhibitors

Double-layered microcapsule corrosion inhibitors were developed by sodium monofluorophosphate as the core material,polymethyl methacrylate as the inner wall material,and polyvinyl alcohol as the outer wall material combining the solvent evaporation method and spray drying method.The protection by the outer capsule wall was used to prolong the service life of the corrosion inhibitor.The dispersion,encapsulation,thermal stability of microcapsules,and the degradation rate of capsule wall in concrete pore solution were analyzed by ultra-deep field microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,thermal analyzer,and sodium ion release rate analysis.The microcapsules were incorporated into mortar samples containing steel reinforcement,and the effects of double-layered microcapsule corrosion inhibitors on the performance of the cement matrix and the actual corrosion-inhibiting effect were analyzed.The experimental results show that the double-layered microcapsules have a moderate particle size and uniform distribution,and the capsules were completely wrapped.The microcapsules as a whole have good thermal stability below 230 ℃.The monolayer membrane structure microcapsules completely broke within 1 day in the simulated concrete pore solution,and the double-layer membrane structure prolonged the service life of the microcapsules to 80 days in the simulated concrete pore solution before the core material was completely released.The mortar samples containing steel reinforcement incorporated with the double-layered microcapsule corrosion inhibitors still maintained a higher corrosion potential than the monolayer microcapsule corrosion inhibitors control group at 60 days.The incorporation of double-layered microcapsules into the cement matrix has no significant adverse effect on the setting time and early strength.

Selection of Negative Charged Acidic Polar Additives to Regulate Electric Double Layer for Stable Zinc Ion Battery

Zinc-ion batteries are promising for large-scale electrochemical energy storage systems,which still suffer from interfacial issues,e.g.,hydrogen evolution side reaction(HER),self-corrosion,and uncontrollable dendritic Zn electrodeposition.Although the regulation of electric double layer(EDL)has been verified for interfacial issues,the principle to select the additive as the regulator is still misted.Here,several typical amino acids with different characteristics were examined to reveal the interfacial behaviors in regulated EDL on the Zn anode.Negative charged acidic polarity(NCAP)has been unveiled as the guideline for selecting additive to reconstruct EDL with an inner zincophilic H_(2)O-poor layer and to replace H_(2)O molecules of hydrated Zn^(2+)with NCAP glutamate.Taking the synergistic effects of EDL regulation,the uncontrollable interface is significantly stabilized from the suppressed HER and anti-self-corrosion with uniform electrodeposition.Consequently,by adding NCAP glutamate,a high average Coulombic efficiency of 99.83%of Zn metal is achieved in Zn|Cu asymmetrical cell for over 2000 cycles,and NH4V4O10|Zn full cell exhibits a high-capacity retention of 82.1%after 3000 cycles at 2 A g^(-1).Recapitulating,the NCAP principle posted here can quicken the design of trailblazing electrolyte additives for aqueous Zn-based electrochemical energy storage systems.

Design of S-Band Circularly Polarized Double-Layer Microstrip Antenna

This paper proposes a compact polarization microstrip antenna based on double-layer structure. The band- width of the whole antenna is widened by expanding the top and bottom layers respectively. After the design of antenna structure and adjustment of size, the proposed antenna can achieve both the left- and right-hand circular polariza- tions in 2.33 GHz--2.97 GHz. Measurement results indicate that the effective bandwidth is 640 MHz in S-band and the relative bandwidth can achieve 24% with S, less than- 15 dB.

Sensitivity of optimal double-layer grid designs to geometrical imperfections and geometric nonlinearity conditions in the analysis phase

This study focuses on exploring the effects of geometrical imperfections and different analysis methods on the optimum design of Double-Layer Grids(DLGs),as used in the construction industry.A total of 12 notable metaheuristics are assessed and contrasted,and as a result,the Slime Mold Algorithm is identified as the most effective approach for size optimization of DLGs.To evaluate the influence of geometric imperfections and nonlinearity on the optimal design of real-size DLGs,the optimization process is carried out by considering and disregarding geometric nonlinearity while incorporating three distinct forms of geometrical imperfections,namely local imperfections,global imperfections,and combinations of both.In light of the uncertain nature of geometrical imperfections,probabilistic distributions are used to define these imperfections randomly in direction and magnitude.The results demonstrate that it is necessary to account for these imperfections to obtain an optimal solution.It’s worth noting that structural imperfections can increase the maximum stress ratio by up to 70%.The analysis also reveals that the initial curvature of members has a more significant impact on the optimal design of structures than the nodal installation error,indicating the need for greater attention to local imperfection issues in space structure construction.

A Polar Coordinate System Based Grid Algorithm for Star Identification

In Cartesian coordinate systems, the angular separation-based star identification algorithms involve much trigon- ometric function computing. That delays the algorithm process. As in a polar coordinate system, the coordinates are denoted by angular values, it is potential to speed up the star identification process by adopting a polar coordinate sys-tem. An angular polar coordinate system is introduced and a grid algorithm based on the coordinate system is proposed to enhance the performances of the star identification process. The simulations demonstrate that the algorithm in the angular polar coordinate system is superior to the grid algorithm in the rectangle Cartesian coordinate system in com-puting cost and identification rate. It can be used in the star sensors for high precision and high reliability in spacecraft navigation.

面向冰区船舶航线的混合规划算法

针对自然环境恶劣且复杂的北极海域,本文旨在解决冰区船舶的航线规划问题。基于栅格法建立了冰区船舶的作业空间,采用改进蚁群算法规划出全局航线,将预处理后航线的各节点作为待规划的子目标,使用改进滚动窗口算法求解出最终航线。仿真结果表明:改进蚁群算法能以更快的迭代速度规划出静态环境中的全局航线,节点删除算法可剔除冗余节点,降低后续算法的计算复杂度,改进滚动窗口算法能在全局航线的基础上,有效规避环境中的动态障碍物,求解出混合环境中符合冰区船舶运动性能的最终航线。

SUVA工艺改善色偏研究

为优化SUVA3工艺中左右视角色偏(CR_((80/20)))较UV^(2)A工艺差的问题,从工艺、设计等方向,进行了组合曝光(PBS+WGP模式)、ITO狭缝角度、偏光片角度(WGP)等条件的探究。结果表明:组合曝光(PBS+WGP模式)、ITO角度、WGP角度均可优化色偏,但从色偏收益和量产性角度考虑,ITO Slit角度+WGP角度调整更优,其最优条件为:WGP角度为f°(极限角度)+ITO狭缝角度为I°,可将SUVA3工艺色偏优化至UV^(2)A工艺水准,CR_((80/20))可达到35.6%。

板栅和极板的电学仿真分析

充分考虑铅酸蓄电池内部欧姆电阻极化和电化学极化的影响,根据欧姆定律、塔菲尔方程和拉普拉斯方程进行数学简化处理,建立极板对的电学仿真模型,并利用有限元分析软件开发了不同结构板栅和极板的电场分析,增设正、负极活性物质与电解液之间界面的接触电导率,对拉网、冲孔结构的板栅和极板进行不同放电倍率模拟,得到板栅、铅膏及电解液层的电势和电流密度分布图。不同倍率放电模型与实际建立的数学模型和相应的数值分析结果具有高度相关性,非常有助于指导板栅结构的优化设计。

Elastic simulation method in an irregular polar coordinate system

When simulating the propagation of seismic waves in some special structures,such as tunnels and boreholes,finite difference forward modeling in the polar system has higher accuracy than the traditional Cartesian system.In actual situations,the polar space is the most irregular.To solve this problem,a forward modeling method for an irregular polar coordinate system is proposed to improve the simulation accuracy.First,an irregular surface of the polar space was meshed into an irregular polar system.After the transformation,the undulating surface was mapped into a plane one,and the wavefield was then computed in an irregular polar system.The Lebedev staggered grid was used to solve the wave equations in the irregular polar system.In addition,the artificial absorption boundary,cylindrical free boundary,and circumferential boundary conditions were used to absorb the boundary reflection.We selected three polar space models to demonstrate the new method in this study.The results show that the proposed elastic simulation method in an irregular polar coordinate system can produce more accurate and stable simulation results when modeling seismic wave propagation in an irregular polar space.Elastic full waveform inversion further shows that the irregular polar system elastic simulation method can accurately simulate the wavefield in an undulating polar space.

基于双平行互质极化敏感阵列的二维非网格DOA及极化参数估计

针对空间电磁信号的二维空间角及极化参数估计问题,提出一种基于双平行互质极化敏感阵列的二维非网格DOA及极化参数估计算法。该算法应用双平行互质极化敏感阵列接收信号,并根据接收数据特点构造了新型互协方差矩阵,再通过对该互协方差矩阵进行虚拟域扩展等方式实现了四维参数估计问题向四个一维参数估计问题的转化,在有效降低算法计算复杂度的同时,实现了参数的欠定估计。此外,为了进一步提高参数估计精度,本文算法引入了非网格模型,通过应用信号子空间与噪声子空间的正交性估计出网格偏差,降低了预设网格带来的固有偏差,实现了参数估计性能的提升。仿真实验表明了本文算法的有效性以及相对于网格算法具有更为优良的参数估计性能。

新型变极化角反射器设计及散射特性分析

面向无源干扰灵活可调的发展需求,提出了一种基于极化栅加载的新型变极化角反射器,通过在金属角反射器内壁加载极化栅,以极低的成本实现了角反射器散射回波极化状态的灵活调控.以方形三面角反射器底面内壁加载圆形极化栅为例开展了仿真工作,分别对电磁波正入射以及宽角度入射两种不同场景下散射回波的极化特性进行了分析.仿真结果表明,所设计的变极化角反射器随着极化栅的旋转,回波出现显著的变极化响应,在Poincaré球上呈近似“8”字形,极化状态依次经历垂直线极化、左旋椭圆极化、水平线极化和右旋椭圆极化.此外,特定旋转角度下,经变极化角反射器调制的电磁回波在口面内呈现空域差异性.为验证所设计的新型角反射器的极化调控能力,利用PCB工艺加工制作了极化栅,并将其加载至角反射器内壁,开展了暗室测试,测试数据表明本文所提出的变极化角反射器在时间维和空间维上具备极化调控能力.因此,本文所提出的变极化角反射器在雷达对抗领域有广阔的应用前景.

倒“V”型栅板偶极子天线设计

射电天文在HF-VHF频段采用天线组阵的方式进行观测,根据平方公里阵列(Square Kilometre Array,SKA)的要求,每个阵列单元天线的增益、结构一致性、稳定性、阻抗变化趋势和极化纯度等方面需要达到较高指标,才能满足太阳、木星、再电离纪元等多种测量在极化测量、天线跟踪稳定性以及接收机宽带匹配等方面的需求。根据SKA requirement 2165:极化纯度2135-38和每极化方向灵敏度2814-15提出的性能需求,以及在总结原有设计的经验后,针对10~90 MHz频段,设计了一种适用于HF-VHF的新型倒“V”型栅板偶极子天线,具有重量轻、风阻小等优点,在10~90 MHz的超宽频段内阻抗变化缓慢、极化纯度良好。其中,在阻抗变化方面,天线的阻抗实部从0.8Ω到631.132Ω变化,优于低频射电阵列(Low Frequency Array,LOFAR)的天线,降低了接收机匹配难度和噪声;在极化纯度方面,天线整体轴比小于0.41 dB,对于太阳射电爆发等强极化信号具有良好的极化隔离度。

Linear polarization conversion of transmitted terahertz wave with double-layer meta-grating surfaces

In this Letter, we demonstrate a linear polarization conversion of transmitted terahertz wave with double-layer meta-grating surfaces, which integrated the frequency selectivity of a split ring resonator metasurface and the polarization selectivity of a metallic grating surface. Since the double-layer can reduce the loss, and the Fabry- Perot like resonant effect between the two layers can improve the conversion efficiency, this converter can rotate the incident y-polarized terahertz wave into an x-polarized transmitted wave with relatively low loss and high efficiency. Experimental results show that an average conversion efficiency exceeding 75% from 0.25 to 0.65 THz with the highest efficiency of 90% at 0.43 THz with onlv -2 dB loss has been achieved.

ECEF坐标定位下极区格网惯导误差算法研究

极区飞行格网惯性导航方式能够较好地解决由于极区子午线在极点汇聚收敛所导致的传统惯导系统定向丢失、定位误差剧增的问题,但其以经纬度及高度的定位方式在极区高纬度地区依然存在过极点时刻明显跳变误差的现象,推导并采用的基于地心地固(ECEF)坐标系表示的极区格网惯性导航误差模型旨在解决此类跳变现象,提高导航定位精度,且模型可方便用于组合导航算法设计;通过仿真验证,忽略惯性器件误差条件下,基于ECEF坐标定位的导航误差规律同常规力学编排误差一致合理,可满足导航需求。

An Intelligent Big Data Security Framework Based on AEFS-KENN Algorithms for the Detection of Cyber-Attacks from Smart Grid Systems

Big data has the ability to open up innovative and ground-breaking prospects for the electrical grid,which also supports to obtain a variety of technological,social,and financial benefits.There is an unprecedented amount of heterogeneous big data as a consequence of the growth of power grid technologies,along with data processing and advanced tools.The main obstacles in turning the heterogeneous large dataset into useful results are computational burden and information security.The original contribution of this paper is to develop a new big data framework for detecting various intrusions from the smart grid systems with the use of AI mechanisms.Here,an AdaBelief Exponential Feature Selection(AEFS)technique is used to efficiently handle the input huge datasets from the smart grid for boosting security.Then,a Kernel based Extreme Neural Network(KENN)technique is used to anticipate security vulnerabilities more effectively.The Polar Bear Optimization(PBO)algorithm is used to efficiently determine the parameters for the estimate of radial basis function.Moreover,several types of smart grid network datasets are employed during analysis in order to examine the outcomes and efficiency of the proposed AdaBelief Exponential Feature Selection-Kernel based Extreme Neural Network(AEFS-KENN)big data security framework.The results reveal that the accuracy of proposed AEFS-KENN is increased up to 99.5%with precision and AUC of 99%for all smart grid big datasets used in this study.

太赫兹极化栅网制造工艺进展探讨

太赫兹极化栅网是用来实现对不同极化状态的电磁波进行透射和反射的装置。本文对于太赫兹极化栅网制造的国内外研究进展进行了探讨。介绍了当前高校及其他研究机构最主要采用的制造方法包括腐蚀法、机床加工法、手工绕丝法等,并对极化栅网的固化方法作了总结。介绍了各种制造工艺方法国内外研究进展的典型成果。依据太赫兹频段的应用发展与太赫兹极化栅网的产品需求发展趋势展开了分析,对太赫兹极化栅网制造工艺的研究和后续发展具有指导与借鉴意义。

光伏直流送出线双极故障的纵联保护研究

在光伏直流并网系统中,直流故障会使得线路两端换流器快速闭锁,必须利用故障初期电气量对线路区内故障快速识别。为此,提出一种基于两端电流极性变化的概率分布光伏直流送出线保护方案。该方案通过分析光伏直流送出线在不同位置处的电流极性变换,利用数学中事件发生的概率类比描述区内故障发生概率,从而进行保护判据构造。最后在MATLAB/Simulink进行仿真验证,该方案能够准确识别故障类型,且具有一定抗干扰和过渡电阻能力。

利用P波初动资料求解汶川地震及其强余震震源机制解

通过查阅国家地震台网、各省区域地震台网和流动地震台网,以及IRIS数据中心给出的一些国际台站的数字波形记录,读取P波初动方向,利用格点尝试法计算了2008年5月12日汶川8.0级(MS)特大地震以及其后发生的部分强余震(44次)的震源机制解.这组震源机制解是对哈佛大学已公布的9个地震的最佳双力偶解的很好补充.

捷联惯导系统极区导航算法优化设计及误差特性分析

采用格网坐标系下的力学编排方案能够有效解决常规惯导系统力学编排方案在极区航向误差急剧发散且无法实现定位定向的难题。格网坐标系力学编排方案可以直接获得格网航向,以及地心地固坐标系下的位置坐标,且输出航向精度及定位精度不随纬度的增高而变差。通过深入研究格网坐标系力学编排方案的误差传播规律,详细分析了高纬度下格网航向保持高精度输出的数学机理。针对格网坐标系力学编排方案在极点附近存在计算奇异值的问题,提出了一种通过格网坐标系和地球坐标系间的位置方向余弦矩阵更新解算替代由地心地固位置坐标求解经纬度三角函数值的优化算法,实现了真正意义上的格网坐标系力学编排方案在极区的"无死角"导航能力。仿真分析了载体沿经线穿越极点运动时的算法性能,并与固定指北力学编排方案进行了比较,结果表明,相比于传统导航方案,格网系下输出的航向误差不随纬度升高而发散,导航精度与低纬度区域导航能力相当。

机载武器极区传递对准算法

针对高纬度地区经线收敛导致以真北向作为航向参考的导航算法失效的问题,并结合战机在极区内具备正常导航和作战能力的需求,提出了基于格网导航力学编排的极区传递对准算法。首先以格林威治子午线作为航向参考,在此基础上定义了格网导航坐标系同时给出了格网导航力学编排及其误差方程,解决了极区内相对经线定向定位困难的问题。其次在格网导航坐标系下设计了主子惯导信息的"速度+姿态"匹配传递对准算法,估计和校正弹载子惯导的误差。仿真结果表明,该算法可避免载机进行费时的方位机动,仅需一次简单的摇翼机动就可令弹载惯导5 s内方位对准精度达到5',为战机在极区内仍具有导弹攻击能力提供了工程应用参考。