High Temperature LFMR in Yttrium Doped Perovskite Manganites

Porous ceramic samples of Y doped perovskite manganites were prepared. In these samples, the transition from high temperature paramagnetic insulator to low temperature ferromagnetic metal as well as the low field magnetoresistance (LFMR) effect at the low temperature is similar to that in dense samples. Opposite to that in dense samples, LFMR effect in porous sample is observed at the high temperature close to the peak of MR T curves. The results suggest that the high temperature LFMR effect and the applicable colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) materials could be obtained by controlling the microstructures of this class of perovskite manganites.

Structural and magnetic properties of La_(0.7)Sr_(0.1)Ag_xMnO_(3-δ) perovskite manganites

Ag-doped manganite powder samples, La0.7Sr0.1AgxMnO3 6 （x = 0.00, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075, and 0.10） were synthesized using the sol-gel method. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the samples had two phases with the R-3c perovskite being the dominant phase and Mn3O4 being the second phase. X-ray energy dispersive spectra indicated that the ratio of Ag to La was very close to that of the nominal composition in the samples. The specific saturation magnetizations at 300 K increased from 32.0 A.mZ/kg when x = 0.00 to 46.8 A-mZ/kg when x = 0.10. The Curie temperature, TC, of the samples increased from 310 K when x = 0.00 to 328 K when x = 0.10. Because the atomic concentration ratios of La, Sr, and Mn in the five samples were all the same and only the Ag concentration changed, the variations of the specific saturation magnetizations at 300 K and the Curie temperatures suggested that the Ag cations have been doped into the A sites of the perovskite phase in the samples.

Behavior of Mn^(2+) in perovskite manganites with nominal composition La_(0.6-x)Nd_xSr_(0.1)MnO_3

The fact that there are Mn^(2+) at the A sites in the ABO_3 perovskite phase of manganites with the nominal composition La_(0.6-x)Nd_xSr_(0.1)MnO_3 showed by detailed experimental study and theoretical calculations.The magnetic moments of these Mn^(2+) are antiparallel to those of the Mn ions at the B sites.The content of the Mn^(2+) increases as the average ionic radius,<r_A>,of the ions at A sites decreases,resulting in the experimentally observed phenomenon that the content of the Mn_3O_4 phase in the manganites decreases with decreasing <r_A>.

Transport and Magnetic Properties of Perovskite-Type Manganite (La_(0.8-x)Ce_x Sr_ (0.2))_ (0.97)MnO_3

Phase structures, the transport ana magnetic properties of the Perovskite-type manganite （La0.8-x CexSr0.2）0.97 MnO3（x = 0 - 0. 26） prepared by La2O3 containing CeO2 with different contents were studied. Experiments show that the compounds consist of a magnetic perovskite phase and non-magnetic CeO2 and Mn3O4. The resistivity and magnetoresistance ratio （MR） of the samples vary with changing x. Their room-temperature MR reaches -3% - - 14% at the magnetic field of 1 T. For x =0; x =0.037 and x = 0.26 samples, the conductance keeps unchanged basically in a relatively wide temperature range above 600 K, and the result shows that it is feasible for producing SOFC cathode materials with these samples.

Influence of Photon Pump Fluence on Charge Carriers in FAPbI3 and Manganite Perovskites

FAPbI3 and FA(Mn:Pb)I3 perovskite films were prepared and evaluated through steady and transient absorption spectroscopy. According to the analysis using Elliot’s model, there were no considerable differences except for the absorption intensity between FAPbI3 and FA(Mn:Pb)I3 perovskite films: the value of the optical gap (Eg) and the position of exciton resonance (E0) were the same. The femtosecond transient absorption showed biexponential relaxation properties of the charge carriers, suggesting that biexcitons are more easily generated in FA(Mn:Pb)I3 than FAPbI3 perovskite. The generation of biexcitons in FA(Mn:Pb)I3 was also confirmed by the photon pump fluence dependence. Moreover, we were able to estimate the average number of absorbed photons directly from the photon pump power dependence without needing any further experimental measurements such as photoluminescence. Our findings may offer a new way of understanding photoinduced carrier dynamics in perovskite manganites.

Magnetic Field Effect on Critical Behavior of Perovskite Ferromagnet

The polycrystalline samples of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 were prepared by a conventional solid state reaction method. The magnetizations （ZFC, FC and initial magnetization） of the polycrystalline La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 were measured with superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer. The scaling theory was employed to study the changes of critical behavior arising from the applied external field. The critical parameter β decreases with increasing the external magnetic field results in an increase in the magnitude of ferromagnetic ordering.

Focused-Ion-Beam Induced Paramagnetic Defects in FAMn:PbI3 Perovskite Films

FAMn:PbI3 perovskite films were synthesized and probed mainly through electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. FAMn:PbI3 with low (~1%) Mn concentration showed a hyperfine sextet line originated from Mn++ ions. FAMn:PbI3 with high (10%) Mn concentration showed broad resonance (~500 G peak-to-peak linewidth). However, after bombardment of FAMn:PbI3 with high Mn concentration by focused ion beams (FIB), a sharp ESR peak appeared. The peak-to-peak linewidth (ΔHpp) was ~8 G regardless of the temperature. The FIB-induced defect showed Curie behavior at low temperatures (5 K - 50 K), which indicates the presence of localized electrons at the defect sites at low temperatures. The g-value increased from g = 2.0002 to 2.0016 as the temperature increased from 5 K to 50 K. Together with the ongoing search for electron spin echo (ESE), this could potentially provide a platform for realizing magnetic bits, information storage, and increased manipulation speed.

Transport-magnetism Correlation and Colossal Magnetoresistance in Mixed-valent Manganites

A phenomenological model based on phase separation between ferromagnetic metallic and paramagnetic insulating domains was applied to analyze the electrical transport and colossal magnetoresistance for mixed-valent manganites of RE_(2/3)AE_(1/3)MnO_3. The results show that the model can yield results in agreement with experimental observations in these manganites. The present approach provides a simple picture to visualize the reason that the temperature dependence of resistance (with and without applied magnetic fields) in these compounds has the peculiar shape, without invoking any complicated concept.

Probing Local Lattice Fluctautions in Cuprates and Manganites by High k-Resolution EXAFS

X ray absorption fine structure has been exploited as a tool to study local lattice distortions in the perovskite cuperates and manganites, showing novel phenomena as high temperature superconductivity and colossal magneto resistance. Temperature dependent Cu K \%edge\% and Mn K \%edge\% EXAFS have been used to investigate the local lattice distortions associated with the doped charge at metallic densities in these materials. Temperature dependent correlated Debye Waller factors of the Cu O in the cuprates shows an upturn at the stripe formation temperature T \%so\% . Capabilities of the EXAFS technique have been further demonstrated for the case of the manganites, revealing key information on their metal insulator transition. The EXAFS has been shown to be capable of providing quantitative local distortions that are closely associated with the characteristic properties of these complex materials.

Magnetic Field Controllable Photocurrent Properties in BiFe_(0.9)Ni_(0.1)O_(3)/La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_(3) Laminate Thin Film

This paper reports a multifunctional magnetic-photoelectric laminate device based on the integration of spintronic material(La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_(3))and multiferroic(Ni-doped BiFeO_(3)),in which the repeatable modulation effect on the photoelectric properties were achieved by applying external magnetic fields.More obviously,photocurrent density(J)of the laminate was largely enhanced,the change rate of J up to 287.6%is obtained.This sensing function effect should be attributed to the low-field magnetoresistance effect in perovskite manganite and the scattering of spin photoelectron in multiferroic material.The laminate perfectly combines the functions of sensor and controller,which can not only reflect the intensity of environmental magnetic field,but also modulate the photoelectric conversion performance.This work provides an alternative and facile way to realize multi-degree-of-freedom control for photoelectric conversion performances and lastly miniaturize multifunction device.

Roles of Te and Mn in the two phases of manganite with nominal composition La_(0.6)Sr_(0.1)Te_xMnO_3

Powder samples with nominal composition La0.6Sr0.1TexMnO3 （x = 0.00, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20） were prepared using the sol-gel method with thermal treatment up to 1473 K. On the basis of powder X-ray diffraction （XRD）, thermogravimetric and magnetic measurements, it was found that almost all of the Te and a few of the Mn ions were lost from the samples when they were calcined at 1473 K. The reason for the Te loss and a quantitative phase analysis for the samples calcined at 1473 K are discussed in detail.

A-site ordered state in manganites with perovskite-like structure based on optimally doped compounds Ln0.70Ba0.30MnO3（Ln=Pr,Nd）

In this paper,we report on the crystal structure and magnetic properties of the nano structured Baordered phases of rare-earth manganites obtained from the optimally doped solid solutions Ln0.70Ba0.30MnO3(Ln=Pr,Nd).The materials were studied by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive spectroscopy and SQUID-magnetometry techniques.It is found that states with different degrees of cation ordering in the A-sublattice of the ABO3 perovskite can be obtained by employing special conditions of chemical treatment.In particular,reduction of the parent compounds results in the formation of a nanocomposite containing ferrimagnetic anion-deficient ordered phase LnBaMn2O5.Oxidation of the composite does not change an average size of the nanocrystallites,but drastically alters their phase composition to stabilize ferromagnetic stoichiometric ordered phase LnBaMn2O6 and ferromagnetic superstoichiometric disordered phase Ln0.90Ba0.10MnO3+δ.It is shown that the magnetic properties of the materials are determined by the joint action of chemical(cation ordering)and external(surface tension)pressures.

Structural and Magnetic Properties in Nd_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_3 Manganite

The temperature evolution of the crystal structure for Nd_(0.5)Sr_(0.5)MnO_3 has been investigated by powder XRD between 125 Kand 725K.The structure can be described with a monoclinic symmetry(space group P21/m)in the temperature range of 125—175 K,while with the increase in temperature between 175 Kand 575 Kthe structure involves a higher orthorhombic symmetry(space group Imma).The rhombohedral structure with space group R-3cis observed at high temperature region of 575—725K.The increase in the magnetization at low temperatures can be ascribed to the field-induced short-range magnetic order of the Nd3+ions.The dc and ac susceptibility data show some anomalies around the FM-PM transition region which can be attributed to the glass behavior and magnetic relaxation.

Negative Magnetism in Perovskite Manganites Gd1-xSrxMnO3（0.1 ≤x≤0.3）

A series of Sr-substituted Gd1-xSrxMnO3（0.1 ≤x≤0.3） materials was prepared via a standard method involving solid-state reaction. Their crystal structure within the entire doping region was determined to be orthorhombic perovskite type. The magnetic properties of the perovskite Gd1-xSrxMnO3（0.1 ≤x≤0.3） were thoroughly investigated. It appears that Mn ions with high valence state can induce stronger magnetization, and negative magnetization is evident in the manganites with x=0.1 and x=0.2, suggesting that valence fluctuation plays an important role in such systems. The result of XPS analysis indicates that the valence state of Mn ions is 3.25 and there seems to be excess amounts of oxygen in the structure of Gd0.8Sr0.2MnO3＋δ. In addition, the results of magnetization measurements demonstrate that spin reversal occurs only when the applied field is less than 1.99× 10^5 A/m, which presumably could be due to the negative exchange interaction between Mn sub-lattice and Gd sites.

Tuning the phase separation in La_(0.325)Pr_(0.3)Ca_(0.375)MnO_3 using the electric double-layer field effect

Electric double-layer field effect experiments were performed on ultrathin films of La0.325Pr0.3Ca0.375MnO3, which is noted for its micrometer-scale phase separation. A clear change of resistance up to 220% was observed and the characteristic metal-insulator transition temperature Tp was also shifted. The changes of both the resistance and Tp, suggest that the electric field induced not only tuning of the carrier density but also rebalancing of the phase separation states. The change of the charge-ordered insulating phase fraction was estimated to be temperature dependent, and a maximum of 16% was achieved in the phase separation regime. This tuning effect was partially irreversible, which might be due to an oxygen vacancy migration that is driven by the huge applied electric field.

Photo-induced effect in the layered perovskite manganite La_(1.2)Sr_(1.8)Mn_(1.8)Co_(0.2)O_(7)

It is helpful to study the photo-induced effect in the perovskite manganites not only for elucidating the mechanism of colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) effect but also for potential applications in technology. The laser-induced effect in the Co doping layered perovskite manganites La1.2Sr1.8Mn1.8Co0.2O7 is studied in this paper and the obtained results are also compared with that gained in the Nd-doping manganites with cubic perovskite structure.

稀土双掺杂锰氧化物La(0.5)Dy(0.2)Sr(0.3)MnO3的磁性质

采用固相反应法制备了La0.5Dy0.2Sr0.3MnO3样品,通过M-T曲线、M-H曲线、ESR曲线研究了样品的磁性质。结果表明:在TC处样品经历了顺磁到铁磁的转变;当T<TC时,样品进入自旋团簇玻璃态,低温时显示出亚铁磁;样品在TC以上温区发生了相分离;M-T曲线在TN附近出现了奇特的磁化强度峰,认为该峰归因于La(Dy)亚晶格磁畴的旋转。

La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Mn_(1-x)Ni_xO_(3+δ)材料的制备及其催化甲烷部分氧化性能

采用柠檬酸络合法制备了La0.75Sr0.25Mn1-xNixO3+δ(x=0,0.4,0.5和0.6)系列样品,考察了其对甲烷部分氧化的催化性能,并采用X射线衍射、H2程序升温还原、O2程序升温脱附和程序升温氧化等测试手段表征样品.结果表明,当x=0,0.4和0.5时,样品均形成稳定的钙钛矿结构;当x=0.6时样品同时存在钙钛矿和菱形六面体尖晶石结构.当x=0.5时样品存在4种可还原物种,同时具有高的表面氧特别是高的晶格氧含量,对甲烷部分氧化有利,这表明La0.75Sr0.25Mn0.5Ni0.5O3+δ具有良好的抗积炭性能.催化性能测试结果表明,当x=0.5时,样品具有良好的甲烷中温转化率,最高的CO和H2选择性,以及在700oC下最好的反应稳定性和抗积炭能力.

非正分钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2))_(1-x)MnO_3的电磁特性

报道了A位缺位的钙钛矿锰氧化物(La0.8Sr0.2)1-xMnO3(0≤x≤0.30)多晶样品的相结构、磁性和磁电阻效应。实验表明,当x≥0.20时,化合物主要由磁性钙钛矿相和非磁性Mn3O4相所组成。它们的电阻率随温度的变化曲线均具有双峰特征,高温侧的电阻率峰出现在钙钛矿相的居里温度附近,低温侧的电阻率宽峰则是金属导电性的钙钛矿晶粒和高电阻率的半导体或绝缘体导电性的晶界或相界共同作用的结果。样品的零场电阻率ρo随着A位缺位量x的增大而增大。适当改变x值,可以改善磁电阻比的温度稳定性。当x=0.30时,化合物磁电阻比MR在一个相对宽的温度范围内(175～328K)基本上保持不变,即MR=(9.1±0.5)%。

钙钛矿锰氧化物Nd_(0.5)Sr_(0.3)Ba_(0.2)MnO_3多晶的磁性和相分离

通过固相反应法合成Nd0.5Sr0.3Ba0.2MnO3多晶样品,采用粉末X射线衍射(XRD)、超导量子磁强计(SQUID)和电子自旋共振谱仪(ESR),对样品的结构和磁性进行了研究.XRD检测结果表明,样品为单相,空间群为Pbnm.磁性测量和ESR结果表明,在降温过程中,样品经历了铁磁有序转变(TC=250 K)、电荷有序转变(TCO=190 K)和反铁磁转变(TN=120 K).通过ESR谱线的参数随温度的变化可以观察到各个磁有序转变温度,TN<T<TCO时,线宽ΔHpp的变化可用极化子跳跃模型来解释,而g因子的增大是由于随着温度的降低,体系的轨道有序逐渐增强所致.