The effect of adding sourdough with lactic acid bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum M616) on dough quality and the sensory scores, specific volume, crumb firmness, and spread ratio of resultant Chinese steamed bread were...The effect of adding sourdough with lactic acid bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum M616) on dough quality and the sensory scores, specific volume, crumb firmness, and spread ratio of resultant Chinese steamed bread were studied. The moisture content of crumb and texture characteristics of the Chinese steamed bread with sourdough during storage were analyzed. In this study, 10%,20%, 30%, and 40% of sourdough addition was investigated. The sourdough starter resulted in significant decrease in the water absorption, development time, stability, and farinograph quality number of the dough. The addition of sourdough improved the quality of Chinese steamed bread such as improving the sensory scores and specific volume, decreasing the crumb firmness, and a lower spread ratio was observed with an increase in the sourdough concentration up to 30%. Sourdough addition delayed a fast decrease in the moisture content of the Chinese steamed bread crumb during storage. The texture profile analysis of the bread crumb indicated that the addition of sourdough improved the quality and delayed the staling speed of Chinese steamed bread during storage.Moreover, inclusion of 30% sourdough produced the best protective effect on product staling.展开更多
Dough preparation and performance are two critical factors influencing the final quality of wheat products. The influence of high and low methoxyl pectins on empirical and dynamic rheological properties of dough and C...Dough preparation and performance are two critical factors influencing the final quality of wheat products. The influence of high and low methoxyl pectins on empirical and dynamic rheological properties of dough and Chinese steamed bread(CSB)quality were investigated. Different concentrations of high methoxyl apple pectin(HMAP), low methoxyl apple pectin(LMAP),and amidation apple pectin(ALMAP) were tested. Results from dynamic and empirical rheological tests indicated that all concentrations of pectins tested(0.2%, 0.6%, and 1%) negatively affected the gluten network. The low methoxyl pectins, LMAP and ALMAP, which had higher anionic densities, resulted in a pronounced weakening of the dough. Meanwhile, dough fermentation properties improved in the presence of appropriate pectins concentrations, and higher maximum dough height, stability of dough pore space, and gas retention were recorded. HMAP was the pectin most effective in influencing dough fermentation properties at all tested concentrations. Regarding CSB quality, textural properties, specific volume, moisture content, and water-holding capacity were analyzed. Generally, the textural properties of CSB were improved, including improved springiness and decreased hardness and chewiness, when 0.2%–0.6% HMAP or LMAP was used. The specific volume of CSB was increased by adding 0.2%–1% HMAP,0.6%–1% LMAP, or 0.2%–0.6% ALMAP. Moreover, CSB moisture loss was progressively reduced in the presence of different pectins at all tested concentrations during storage. In conclusion, pectins, especially HMAP, are good additives for improving the fermentation properties of dough and overall quality of CSB.展开更多
Potassium bromate (PB) is used in bread making as an agent of maturation;however, it is classified as a potential carcinogen. In the present study, a rapid, simple, precise and accurate testing method has been develop...Potassium bromate (PB) is used in bread making as an agent of maturation;however, it is classified as a potential carcinogen. In the present study, a rapid, simple, precise and accurate testing method has been developed to determine the level of bromate ions in bread, which is based on a reaction of bromate ions with iodide ions in acidic medium to produce iodine (I<sub>2</sub>). The absorbance of iodine (I<sub>2</sub>) was measured at 352 nm, and bromate ions reacted with iodide during the first 3 minutes after initiation of the reaction. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of bromate ions in commercial bread. In this work, we found that bromate ions alone degraded at about 400°C, however, during bread making they degraded at 150°C - 200°C, this mightbe due to the presence of metals [Fe, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu and Al] in flour which served as catalysts. In this study we found that the use of two grams (2 g) of PB per bag flour (60 kg) was safe.展开更多
The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are significant differences in the use of lactic acid bacteria isolated from pulque dough Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei alon...The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are significant differences in the use of lactic acid bacteria isolated from pulque dough Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei alone and combined with baker’s yeast in the properties of the dough and the finished product. The best bacteria were selected using growth kinetics and statistical analysis with the Sigma Plot 11 program. Physical-chemical tests pH, % acidity of the dough. Physical tests, texture profile analysis, image analysis of the crumb structure and sensory analysis were performed on the finished product. The results show that the most suitable LAB to ferment dough in 5 hours is Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei which reduce pH and increase acidity more quickly. The combination of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei plus baker’s yeast presents better quality attributes in terms of texture, flavor and appearance for the final consumer.展开更多
为探究麦芽糖醇代替蔗糖在冷冻馒头面团中应用的可行性,采用0%(S100-M0)、25%(S75-M25)、50%(S50-M50)、75%(S25-M75)、100%(S0-M100)(质量分数)的麦芽糖醇替代蔗糖制作冷冻面团,对面团水分迁移、流变学、熔融特性以及馒头色泽、质构、...为探究麦芽糖醇代替蔗糖在冷冻馒头面团中应用的可行性,采用0%(S100-M0)、25%(S75-M25)、50%(S50-M50)、75%(S25-M75)、100%(S0-M100)(质量分数)的麦芽糖醇替代蔗糖制作冷冻面团,对面团水分迁移、流变学、熔融特性以及馒头色泽、质构、挥发性风味物质的变化进行分析。结果表明,添加麦芽糖醇后,冷冻面团解冻损失率显著降低;水分流动性显示,S50-M50、S25-M75处理组的冷冻面团结合水含量较高,水分流动性较低;熔融特性表明,S25-M75具有最低的热焓值ΔH和可冻结水含量(F_(w));频率扫描显示,S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75处理组提高了面团的黏弹性。冷冻面团蒸制后,糖醇处理的馒头自由水含量下降;S50-M50、S25-M75处理组呈现较稳定的色泽品质;S75-M25、S0-M100处理组的硬度、咀嚼性显著增加;GC-MS结果显示,5种处理组共测出14个香气成分,利用投影变量重要性因子(variable importance in projection,VIP)从所有处理组中筛选出27个差异香气物质对馒头进行区分,并将5个处理组的馒头聚为三类,其中S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75这3组归为一类,具有较高度的相似性。综上,S75-M25、S50-M50对冷冻面团特性及馒头品质具有较优的保护效果,该结果可为麦芽糖醇在冷冻面制品中的应用提供理论参考。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31571780)Key Research Project in Higher Education of Henan(18A550002)+2 种基金Zhengzhou Science and Technology Innovation Team Program(121PCXTD518)School Funds of Henan University of Technology(2017QNJH11)High-level Talent Foundation of Henan University of Technology(2017BS005)
文摘The effect of adding sourdough with lactic acid bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum M616) on dough quality and the sensory scores, specific volume, crumb firmness, and spread ratio of resultant Chinese steamed bread were studied. The moisture content of crumb and texture characteristics of the Chinese steamed bread with sourdough during storage were analyzed. In this study, 10%,20%, 30%, and 40% of sourdough addition was investigated. The sourdough starter resulted in significant decrease in the water absorption, development time, stability, and farinograph quality number of the dough. The addition of sourdough improved the quality of Chinese steamed bread such as improving the sensory scores and specific volume, decreasing the crumb firmness, and a lower spread ratio was observed with an increase in the sourdough concentration up to 30%. Sourdough addition delayed a fast decrease in the moisture content of the Chinese steamed bread crumb during storage. The texture profile analysis of the bread crumb indicated that the addition of sourdough improved the quality and delayed the staling speed of Chinese steamed bread during storage.Moreover, inclusion of 30% sourdough produced the best protective effect on product staling.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31501487)
文摘Dough preparation and performance are two critical factors influencing the final quality of wheat products. The influence of high and low methoxyl pectins on empirical and dynamic rheological properties of dough and Chinese steamed bread(CSB)quality were investigated. Different concentrations of high methoxyl apple pectin(HMAP), low methoxyl apple pectin(LMAP),and amidation apple pectin(ALMAP) were tested. Results from dynamic and empirical rheological tests indicated that all concentrations of pectins tested(0.2%, 0.6%, and 1%) negatively affected the gluten network. The low methoxyl pectins, LMAP and ALMAP, which had higher anionic densities, resulted in a pronounced weakening of the dough. Meanwhile, dough fermentation properties improved in the presence of appropriate pectins concentrations, and higher maximum dough height, stability of dough pore space, and gas retention were recorded. HMAP was the pectin most effective in influencing dough fermentation properties at all tested concentrations. Regarding CSB quality, textural properties, specific volume, moisture content, and water-holding capacity were analyzed. Generally, the textural properties of CSB were improved, including improved springiness and decreased hardness and chewiness, when 0.2%–0.6% HMAP or LMAP was used. The specific volume of CSB was increased by adding 0.2%–1% HMAP,0.6%–1% LMAP, or 0.2%–0.6% ALMAP. Moreover, CSB moisture loss was progressively reduced in the presence of different pectins at all tested concentrations during storage. In conclusion, pectins, especially HMAP, are good additives for improving the fermentation properties of dough and overall quality of CSB.
文摘Potassium bromate (PB) is used in bread making as an agent of maturation;however, it is classified as a potential carcinogen. In the present study, a rapid, simple, precise and accurate testing method has been developed to determine the level of bromate ions in bread, which is based on a reaction of bromate ions with iodide ions in acidic medium to produce iodine (I<sub>2</sub>). The absorbance of iodine (I<sub>2</sub>) was measured at 352 nm, and bromate ions reacted with iodide during the first 3 minutes after initiation of the reaction. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the determination of bromate ions in commercial bread. In this work, we found that bromate ions alone degraded at about 400°C, however, during bread making they degraded at 150°C - 200°C, this mightbe due to the presence of metals [Fe, Mg, Zn, Mn, Cu and Al] in flour which served as catalysts. In this study we found that the use of two grams (2 g) of PB per bag flour (60 kg) was safe.
文摘The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are significant differences in the use of lactic acid bacteria isolated from pulque dough Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei alone and combined with baker’s yeast in the properties of the dough and the finished product. The best bacteria were selected using growth kinetics and statistical analysis with the Sigma Plot 11 program. Physical-chemical tests pH, % acidity of the dough. Physical tests, texture profile analysis, image analysis of the crumb structure and sensory analysis were performed on the finished product. The results show that the most suitable LAB to ferment dough in 5 hours is Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei which reduce pH and increase acidity more quickly. The combination of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei plus baker’s yeast presents better quality attributes in terms of texture, flavor and appearance for the final consumer.
文摘为探究麦芽糖醇代替蔗糖在冷冻馒头面团中应用的可行性,采用0%(S100-M0)、25%(S75-M25)、50%(S50-M50)、75%(S25-M75)、100%(S0-M100)(质量分数)的麦芽糖醇替代蔗糖制作冷冻面团,对面团水分迁移、流变学、熔融特性以及馒头色泽、质构、挥发性风味物质的变化进行分析。结果表明,添加麦芽糖醇后,冷冻面团解冻损失率显著降低;水分流动性显示,S50-M50、S25-M75处理组的冷冻面团结合水含量较高,水分流动性较低;熔融特性表明,S25-M75具有最低的热焓值ΔH和可冻结水含量(F_(w));频率扫描显示,S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75处理组提高了面团的黏弹性。冷冻面团蒸制后,糖醇处理的馒头自由水含量下降;S50-M50、S25-M75处理组呈现较稳定的色泽品质;S75-M25、S0-M100处理组的硬度、咀嚼性显著增加;GC-MS结果显示,5种处理组共测出14个香气成分,利用投影变量重要性因子(variable importance in projection,VIP)从所有处理组中筛选出27个差异香气物质对馒头进行区分,并将5个处理组的馒头聚为三类,其中S75-M25、S50-M50、S25-M75这3组归为一类,具有较高度的相似性。综上,S75-M25、S50-M50对冷冻面团特性及馒头品质具有较优的保护效果,该结果可为麦芽糖醇在冷冻面制品中的应用提供理论参考。
