Spatially engineering tri-layer nanofiber dressings featuring asymmetric wettability for wound healing

Inspired by the skin structure,an asymmetric wettability tri-layer nanofiber membrane(TNM)consisting of hydrophilic inner layer loaded with lidocaine hydrochloride(LID),hydrophobic middle layer with ciprofloxacin(CIP)and hydrophobic outer layer has been created.The hydrophobic outer layer endows the TNM with waterproof function and anti-adhesion from contaminants.The hydrophobic middle layer with CIP preserves long-term inhibition of bacteria growth and the hydrophilic inner layer with LID possesses optimal waterabsorbing capacity and air permeability.The TNM dramatically elevates the water contact angles from 10°(inner layer)to 120(outer layer),indicating an asymmetric wettability,which could directionally transport wound exudate within the materials and meanwhile maintain a comfortable and moist environment to promote wound healing.Furthermore,the sequential release of LID and CIP could relieve pain rapidly and achieve antibacterial effect in the long run,respectively.In addition,the TNM shows superior biocompatibility towards L929 cells.The in vivo results show the TNM could prevent infection,accelerate epithelial regeneration and significantly accelerate wound healing.This study indicates the developed TNM with asymmetrical wettability and synergetic drug release shows great potential as a wound dressing in clinical application.

Antibacterial biomaterials for skin wound dressing

Bacterial infection and the ever-increasing bacterial resistance have imposed severe threat to human health.And bacterial contamination could significantly menace the wound healing process.Considering the sophisticated wound healing process,novel strategies for skin tissue engineering are focused on the integration of bioactive ingredients,antibacterial agents included,into biomaterials with different morphologies to improve cell behaviors and promote wound healing.However,a comprehensive review on antibacterial wound dressing to enhance wound healing has not been reported.In this review,various antibacterial biomaterials as wound dressings will be discussed.Different kinds of antibacterial agents,including antibiotics,nanoparticles(metal and metallic oxides,lightinduced antibacterial agents),cationic organic agents,and others,and their recent advances are summarized.Biomaterial selection and fabrication of biomaterials with different structures and forms,including films,hydrogel,electrospun nanofibers,sponge,foam and three-dimension(3D)printed scaffold for skin regeneration,are elaborated discussed.Current challenges and the future perspectives are presented in thismultidisciplinary field.We envision that this review will provide a general insight to the elegant design and further refinement of wound dressing.

Molecular design, synthesis strategies and recent advances of hydrogels for wound dressing applications

With the changes in the modern disease spectrum,pressure ulcers,diabetic feet,and vascular-derived diseases caused refractory wounds is increasing rapidly.The development of wound dressings has partly improved the effect of wound management.However,traditional wound dressings can only cover the wound and block bacteria,but are generally powerless to recurrent wound infection and tissue healing.There is an urgent need to develop a new type of wound dressing with comprehensive performance to achieve multiple effects such as protecting the wound site from the external environment,absorbing wound exudate,anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,and accelerating wound healing process.Hydrogel wound dressings have the aforementioned characteristics,and can keep the wound in a moist environment because of the high water content,which is an ideal choice for wound treatment.This review introduces the wound healing process and the development and performance advantages of hydrogel wound dressings.The choice of different preparation materials gives the particularities of different hydrogel wound dressings.It also systematically explains the main physical and chemical crosslinking methods for hydrogel synthesis.Besides,in-depth discussion of four typical hydrogel wound dressings including double network hydrogels,nanocomposite hydrogels,drug-loaded hydrogels and smart hydrogels fully demonstrates the feasibility of developing hydrogels as wound dressing products and their future development trends.

Improving the Antibacterial Property of Chitosan Hydrogel Wound Dressing with Licorice Polysaccharide

A series of hydrogels with different ratios of chitosan and licorice polysaccharide(LP)were prepared by crosslinking to different concentrations of genipin(gp).They were characterized by FTIR(Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy),SEM(Scanning electron microscope),swelling ratio,rheological measurements,degradation with time,cytotoxicity,and antibacterial efficacy.Results show that the hydrogels have porous structures.With an increase in LP content,the swelling rate grows in the early stage of immersion in buffer and drops later.The swelling ratio ranged from 986%to 1677%,and stiffness varied from 777 Pa to 1792 Pa.The addition of LP reduced the mechanical strength and delayed gelation and degradation of the hydrogels.However,the most important discovery was that gp increases the viability of NIH 3T3 cells from 94%to 137%,and LP raises the bacteriostatic efficacy from 51%to 78%.Hydrogels synthesized from 1%genipin,3%chitosan,and 4%licorice polysaccharide showed the best antibacterial and fibroblast proliferation promoting activities.They exhibited moderate swelling and degradation rates over time,while being more suitable to affect healing of chronic wound infections.These results provide a new strategy to improve the antibacterial effectiveness and cyto-compatibility of chitosan hydrogels with water soluble active LPs from Glycyrrhiza that derive from traditional Chinese medicine.

Electrospun antibacterial nanofibers for wound dressings and tissue medicinal fields:A Review

Bacterial infections are a major cause of chronic infections.Thus,antibacterial material is an urgent need in clinics.Antibacterial nanofibers,with expansive surface area,enable efficient incorporation of antibacterial agents.Meanwhile,structure similar to the extracellular matrix can accelerate cell growth.Electrospinning,the most widely used technique to fabricate nanofiber,is often used in many biomedical applications including drug delivery,regenerative medicine,wound healing and so on.Thus,this review provides an overview of all recently published studies on the development of electrospun antibacterial nanofibers in wound dressings and tissue me-dicinal fields.This reviewer begins with a brief introduction of electrospinning process and then discusses electrospun fibers by incorporating various types of antimicrobial agents used as in wound dressings and tissue.Finally,we finish with conclusions and further perspectives on electrospun antibacterial nanofibers as 2D biomedicine materials.

Development of a poly(arylene sulfide sulfone)antibacterial electrospun film as a skin wound dressing application

Tissue engineering has become a hot issue for skin wound healing because it can be used as an alternative treatment to traditional grafts.Nanofibrous films have been widely used due to their excellent properties.In this work,an organic/inorganic composite poly(arylene sulfide sulfone)/ZnO/graphene oxide(PASS/ZnO/GO)nanofibrous film was fabricated with the ZnO nano-particles blending in an electrospun solution and post-treated with the GO deposition.The optimal PASS/ZnO/GO nanofibrous film was prepared by 2%ZnO nanoparticles,3.0g/mL PASS electrospun solution,and 1%GO dispersion solution.The morphology,hydrophilicity,mechanical property,and cytotoxicity of the PASS/ZnO/GO nanofibrous film were character-ized by using scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscope,water contact angle,tensile testing,and a Live/Dead cell staining kit.It is founded that the PASS/ZnO/GO nanofibrous film has outstanding mechanical properties and no cytotoxicity.Furthermore,the PASS/ZnO/GO nanofibrous film exhibits excellent antibacterial activity to both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.Above all,this high mechanical property in the non-toxic and antibacterial nanofibrous film will have excellent application prospects in skin wound dressing.

Collagen/Chitosan Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane for Wound Dressing

Collagen(Col)/chitosan(CS)nanofibrous membrane has great potential to be used as wound dressing.However,current Col/CS nanofibrous membrane produced from electrospinning can not offer sufficient mechanical strength for practical applications.Herein,a novel mixed solvent was used to prepare next-generation high-strength Col/CS nanofibrous membrane.Meanwhile,the optimal Col to CS weight ratio was investigated as well.The asproduced membrane was examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),and XF-1A tester to study its morphological,chemical,thermal and mechanical properties.The preliminary results demonstrated that the mechanical properties of Col/CS nanofibrous membranes were enhanced substantially with the increase of CS weight ratios from 0 to 90%and the optimal Col to CS weight ratio was determined to be 1∶1.A promising way was presented to fabricate Col/CS electrospun nanofibrous membrane with sufficient mechanical strength for practical wound dressing applications.

A Promising Wound Dressing from Regenerated Silk Fibroin Sponge with Sustain-ed Release of Silver Nanoparticles

A silk fibroin(SF)spongy wound dressing incorporated with silver nanoparticles(Ag-NPs)was developed for biomedical applications.Ag-NPs were efficiently synthesized in situ via ultra violet(UV)with AgNO_(3) as precursor and silk fibroin as reducing and protecting agent,respectively.After lyophilization,the formed silk fibroin spongy wound dressing(SFWD)exhibited polyporous morphology and inner lamellae structures,with uniform dispersion of Ag-NPs.The porous structure provided SFWD with the ability to absorb tissue exudatealmost 6 times of its own weight,which could guarantee the sustained release of Ag-NPs.By methanol treatment,SFWD showed much improved mechanical properties and more stable to protease XIV.The cyto-compatibility of SFWD was supported by normal adherence and proliferation of NIH3T3 fibroblasts in sponges extracting culture medium.More important,the SFWD showed significant growth inhibition in both plate culture assays and bacterial suspension assays,with Gram-positive(Staphylococcus aureus)and Gram-negative(Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli).In a cutaneous excisional mouse model,the average healing rates of SFWD was significantly higher than control and commercial bandages.The hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining results of the wound section also showed that SFWD could recruit more cells and promote tissue formation on the wound edges.

Electrospun P(LLA-CL) Nanofibers Loaded with Vitamins E TPGS as Antibacterial Wound Dressing Materials

To obtain the wound dressings which can accelerate healing effectively,vitamin E D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate(vitamin E TPGS),one of the common derivatives of the unstable vitamins E,was successfully incorporated into P(LLA-CL)nanofibers by electrospinning.Electron microscopy showed that the smooth cylindrical fibers were obtained,albeit with a small amount of beading visible for the vitamins-loaded fibers.The diameters of the P(LLA-CL)fibers decreased with the addition of vitamins.The incorporation of the vitamin E TPGS in the electrospun fibers was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR).Moreover,X-ray diffraction(XRD)indicated that vitamin E TPGS existed in the amorphous physical form after electrospinning.Fibers containing vitamin E TPGS showed a sustained release profile over more than 100 h in vitro.Antibacterial tests demonstrated that fibers loaded with vitamin E TPGS were effective in inhibiting the growth of E.coli and S.aureus.MTT assay showed that the fibers could promote the proliferation of L929 fibroblasts.These results above demonstrate the potential of P(LLA-CL)/vitamins E TPGS(P/E)as advanced wound dressing materials.

An Antibacterial Wound Dressing Based on GS-SF Composite Scaffold

Although the treatment of burn wounds has made great progress, the incidence of wound infection is still the main cause of high mortality. In this study, a silk fibroin (SF) scaffold wound dressing incorporated with Gentamicin Sulfate (GS) was developed for the treatment of burn infected wounds, in which GS was used as anti-bacterial agent. GS was mixed with silk fibroin solution and then processed into GS-SF composite scaffold via electro-spinning. The results showed the scaffold exhibited uniform polyporous morphology with 80% porosity. Induced by methanol, the scaffold presented much improved mechanical properties and stability to protease XIV. More important, the scaffold presented significant growth inhibition on both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) bacteria.

Design of Novel Wound Dressing Composed of Collagen and Hyaluronic Acid Containing Epidermal Growth Factor

This research aims to develop a wound dressing composed of collagen (Col) and hyaluronic acid (HA) containing epidermal growth factor (EGF). First important issue is to contain EGF in the wound dressing in a stable state. The sheet-shaped sponge was manufactured by freeze-vacuum drying an aqueous solution of Col. Both sides of sponge were treated with ultraviolet (UV) irradiation to introduce intermolecular cross links between collagen molecules. This sponge was named Sponge-Col. Another sheet-shaped sponge was manufactured by freeze-vacuum drying an aqueous solution of HA containing EGF. This sponge was named Sponge-HA/EGF. The wound dressing was manufactured by laminating Sponge-Col on the top, Sponge-HA/EGF in the middle, and Sponge-Col on the bottom to create a sandwich structure. This method can prevent the reducing of EGF activity due to UV irradiation for intermolecular cross-linking. Second important issue is to enable gradual release of EGF from the wound dressing. The elution behavior of this wound dressing was investigated by measuring the weight change after immersion in water for a predetermined time. This wound dressing showed initially fast elution and subsequent very slow elution properties. The upper layer and lower layer Sponge-Col enabled gradual release of the middle layer Sponge-HA/EGF. This result suggests that EGF contained in the wound dressing is gradually released together with HA from the wound dressing. Third important issue is to provide moist wound-healing environment. The upper layer and lower layer Sponge-Col can provide the wound dressing with high water absorption and long-term water retention properties.

Application of chitosan-based nanoparticles in skin wound healing

The rising prevalence of impaired wound healing and the consequential healthcare burdens have gained increased attention over recent years.This has prompted research into the development of novel wound dressings with augmented wound healing functions.Nanoparticle(NP)-based delivery systems have become attractive candidates in constructing such wound dressings due to their various favourable attributes.The non-toxicity,biocompatibility and bioactivity of chitosan(CS)-based NPs make them ideal candidates for wound applications.This review focusses on the application of CS-based NP systems for use in wound treatment.An overview of the wound healing process was presented,followed by discussion on the properties and suitability of CS and its NPs in wound healing.The wound healing mechanisms exerted by CS-based NPs were then critically analysed and discussed in sections,namely haemostasis,infection prevention,inflammatory response,oxidative stress,angiogenesis,collagen deposition,and wound closure time.The results of the studieswere thoroughly reviewed,and contradicting findings were identified and discussed.Based on the literature,the gap in research and future prospects in this research area were identified and highlighted.Current evidence shows that CS-based NPs possess superior wound healing effects either used on their own,or as drug delivery vehicles to encapsulate wound healing agents.It is concluded that great opportunities and potentials exist surrounding the use of CSNPs in wound healing.

Biological Evaluation of ChuangYuLing Dressing—A Multifunctional Medicine Carrying Biomaterial

The safety of Chuangyuling (CYL) dressing—a multifunctional medicine carrying biomaterial was evaluated in order to provide foundation for the application of CYL as material used in the wound healing. The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) extract solution was compounded with scaffolds (gelatin and Bletilla hyacinthine gum), and then frozen and dried to form spongy and porous material CYL. According to the standard of biological evaluation of medical devices that was instituted by the ministry of health of China \, the biological evaluation of CYL dressing was conducted. The results showed that all the contents of biological evaluation test consisting of acute toxicity, skin irritation, sensitization and cytotoxicity met the requirement of standards. It was concluded that the biomaterial carrying TCM (CYL dressing) is safe for application of wound healing.

Comparative Evaluation of Different Treatment for Purulent Wounds in Dogs

To compare the healing of purulent wounds with Shilajit dressing vs. Vishnevsky dressing in dogs with purulent wounds of >2 weeks of duration, eight dogs were chosen from same ages in two groups i.e., Shilajit and Vishnevsky dressing group. Dressing was done on every day basis for more than two weeks of follow up period. Main outcome of healing measure was completed at three weeks. Wound healing status was assessed at three days intervals till end of three weeks. Shilajit treated achieved complete decrease in the wound surface area, effect of healing score in Shilajit dressing group in comparison to the Vishnevsky dressing group at p > 0.05 level of significance. Shilajit is highly effective in achieving a characteristic feature of regenerative and granulation healing of purulent wounds as compared to Vishnevsky dressing group in dogs.

Surface morphology and cell viability of samarium(Ⅲ) oxide/chromium(Ⅲ) oxide/graphene oxide/polycaprolactone targeting wound dressing

Combinations of metal and lanthanide oxides have been done through casted films for potential medical applications. In this regard, samarium(Ⅲ) oxide/chromium(Ⅲ) oxide/graphene oxide(GO)/polycaprolactone(PCL) based films nano-composites(NCs) were fabricated, pointing their utilization as a biological scaffold for wound dressing purposes. Also, samarium(Ⅲ) oxide and chromium(Ⅲ) oxide have been merged as promising optical constituents due to their unique optical behavior. The structural and compositional examination of the studied NCs was executed by X-ray diffraction(XRD), Raman, and field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM). The Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL NC exhibits a surface with a lower roughness degree owing to the presence of GO. Cr_(2)O_(3)shows size reduction upon GO insertion to reach 1.2 μm as the average grain size, whilst Sm_(2)O_(3)records an average grain size of less than 1 μm. As well, the polymeric nano-compositions exhibit variation in contact angle values that hit 29.76°± 3.52°for Sm_(2)O_(3)/PCL, and 48.62°± 1.37°for Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL as the second lowest contact angle. The optical behavior contributes to absorption edge relocation along the x-axis from 1.7 eV for pure PCL, to 2.65 eV for Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL. Regarding biological responses, the cell exposed to 2.5 μg/m L of Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL shows cell viability of 119.31%, while 5 μg/m L hits 99.6%. Additionally, the resulting cell attachment micrographs show layers of fibroblast tissue, besides the proliferation and growth of cultivated cells. Thus, the Sm_(2)O_(3)/Cr_(2)O_(3)/GO/PCL scaffold provides 3D proliferation of fibroblast cells endorsing the wound healing process.

Natural hydrogel dressings in wound care: Design, advances, and perspectives

Natural hydrogels have emerged as a pivotal innovation in wound care,offering a unique combination of high absorbency,biocompatibility,and versatility.However,due to the complexity of wound healing,the physiological state of the wound varies dynamically,and the mechanism of natural hydrogels that boost wound healing is still unclear.In this review,we firstly provide a comprehensive introduction to the bio-logical process of wound healing,emphasizing the critical stages and factors affecting healing.This work concludes the composition and properties of natural hydrogels,including collagen,gelatin,hyaluronic acid,chitosan,alginates,cellulose,and fibroin,highlighting their biocompatibility and biodegradability.The focus shifts to the various crosslinking strategies employed to enhance the structural integrity and functionality of natural hydrogels.This review further investigates the biological effects of natural hydro-gels in wound healing,detailing their antibacterial,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,adhesive,and hemo-static functions.Furthermore,we propose the challenges and future perspectives of natural hydrogels in practical applications.This review offers a comprehensive overview of the current state and poten-tial future advancements in natural hydrogel dressings for wound care,highlighting their critical role in addressing complex and hard-to-heal wounds.

Electrospun radially oriented berberine-PHBV nanofiber dressing patches for accelerating diabetic wound healing

A dressing patch made of radially oriented poly(3-hydroxybutyrateco-3-hydroxyvalerate)(PHBV)nanofibers was successfully manufactured with a modified electrospinning strategy.The aselectrospun PHBV radially oriented nanofiber dressing patch exhibited uniform and bead-free nanofibrous morphology and innovative radially oriented arrangement,which was demonstrated to possess obviously improved mechanical property,increased surface hydrophilicity and enhanced biological properties compared to the PHBV nanofiber dressing patch control with traditionally randomly oriented pattern.Interestingly,it was found that the radially oriented pattern could induce the cell migration from the periphery to the center along the radially oriented nanofibers in a rapid manner.To further improve the biofunction of PHBV radially oriented nanofiber dressing patch,berberine(Beri,an isoquinoline alkaloid)with two different concentrations were encapsulated into PHBV nanofibers during electrospinning,which were found to present a sustained drug release behavior for nearly one month.Importantly,the addition of Beri could impart the dressing patch with excellent anti-inflammatory property by significantly inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors of M1 macrophages,and also showed an additive influence on promoting the proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts(HDFs),as well as inhibiting the growth of E.coli,S.aureus and C.albicans,compared with the Beri-free dressing patch.In the animal studies,the electrospun PHBV radially oriented nanofiber dressing patch loading with high Beri content was found to obviously accelerate the healing process of diabetic mouse full-thickness skin wound with shortened healing time(100%wound closure rate after 18 days’treatment)and improved healing quality(improved collagen deposition,enhanced re-epithelialization and neovascularization and increased hair follicles).In all,this study reported an innovative therapeutic strategy integrating the excellent physical cues of electrospun PHBV radially oriented nanofiber dressing patch with the multiple biological cues of Beri for the effective treatment of hard-to-heal diabetic wounds.

Electrospun polyvinyl alcohol fibres incorporating an antimicrobial gel for enzymatically controlled reactive oxygen species release

Wounds pose a risk to the skin,our body's primary defence against infections.The rise of antibiotic resistance has prompted the development of novel therapies.RO-101^(■)is an antimicrobial gel that delivers therapeutic levels of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),a reactive oxygen species,directly to the wound bed.In this study,electrospinning was used to incorporate RO-101^(■)into a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)sub-micron fibrous mesh that can act as a delivery agent,achieve a sustained release profile,and provide a barrier against infection.Adequate incorporation of this gel into sub-micron fibres was confirmed via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.Furthermore,scanning electron microscopy exhibited smooth and uniform meshes with diameters in the 200-500 nm range.PVA/RO-101 electrospun meshes generated H_(2)O_(2) in concentrations exceeding 1 m M/(g·m L)(1 m M=1 mmol/L)after 24 h,and the role of sterilisation on H_(2)O_(2) release was evaluated.PVA/RO-101meshes exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P.aeruginosa)bacteria,achieving viable count reductions of up to 1 log unit CFU/mm^(2)(CFU:colony-forming units).Moreover,these meshes were capable of disrupting biofilm formation,even against multidrug-resistant organisms such as methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA).Furthermore,increasing the RO-101^(■)concentration resulted in higher H_(2)O_(2) production and an enhanced antimicrobial effect,while fibroblast cell viability and proliferation tests showed a concentration-dependent response with high cytocompatibility at low RO-101^(■)concentrations.This study therefore demonstrates the potential of highly absorbent PVA/RO-101 meshes as potential antimicrobial wound dressings.

Antimicrobial hydrogel foam dressing with controlled release of gallium maltolate for infection control in chronic wounds

Effective treatment of infection in chronic wounds is critical to improve patient outcomes and prevent severe complications,including systemic infections,increased morbidity,and amputations.Current treatments,including antibiotic administration and antimicrobial dressings,are challenged by the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance and patients’sensitivity to the delivered agents.Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of a new antimicrobial agent,Gallium maltolate(GaM);however,the high burst release from the GaMloaded hydrogel gauze required frequent dressing changes.To address this need,we developed a hydrogel foambased wound dressing with GaM-loaded microspheres for sustained infection control.First,the minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations(MIC and MBC)of GaM against two Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from chronic wounds were identified.No significant adverse effects of GaM on dermal fibroblasts were shown at the MIC,indicating an acceptable selectivity index.For the sustained release of GaM,electrospraying was employed to fabricate microspheres with different release kinetics.Systematic investigation of loading and microsphere size on release kinetics indicated that the larger microsphere size and lower GaM loading resulted in a sustained GaM release profile over the target 5 days.Evaluation of the GaM-loaded hydrogel dressing demonstrated cytocompatibility and antibacterial activities with a zone of inhibition test.An equine distal limb wound model was developed and utilized to demonstrate the efficacy of GaM-loaded hydrogel foam in vivo.This antimicrobial hydrogel foam dressing displayed the potential to combat methicillin-resistant S.aureus(MRSA)infection with controlled GaM release to improve chronic wound healing.

Designing of tragacanth gum-poly [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide and poly(acrylamide) based hydrogels for drug delivery and wound dressing applications

Bioactive tragacanth gum(TG)was functionalized by covalent crosslinking of poly[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl)ammonium hydroxide(PMEDSAH)to design network structure in form of hydrogel wound dressings(HWD).These copolymers were encapsulated with antibiotic drug vancomycin to enhance wound healing potential of the dressings.The copolymers were characterized by SEM,AFM,FTIR,13C NMR,XRD,and TGA-DSC analysis.SEM demonstrated uneven heterogeneous morphology and AFM revealed rough surface of copolymer.Inclusion of synthetic component into HD was confirmed by FTIR and 13C NMR.Hydrogel dressings absorbed 8.491.03 g/g simulated wound fluid and exhibited non-hemolytic(3.70.02%hemolytic potential)and antioxidant(37.421.54%free radical scavenging in DPPH assay)properties.Polymers required 35.05.0 mN detachment force to get it detach from the mucosal surface during mucoadhesive test.Tensile strength was found to be 1.880.13 N/mm2 during mechanical stability test.Hydrogel dressings were permeable to O2/H2O and impermeable to microbes.Release of drug vancomycin occurred through non-Fickian diffusion mechanism and release profile was best described by Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model.Overall,these results revealed that these hydrogels could be explored as materials for hydrogel wound dressings.