The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has the authority to regulate the public water systems. The EPA does not have the jurisdiction to regulate private drinking water wells. This leaves approximatel...The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has the authority to regulate the public water systems. The EPA does not have the jurisdiction to regulate private drinking water wells. This leaves approximately fifteen percent of the nation’s population without any regulation being held in place to protect their source of drinking water. With that fifteen percent of the US population having private wells for drinking water, it makes the number of people whose drinking water is unprotected by regulation at a little over 15 million US households. This concern is even more acute in areas with groundwater that is close to the surface. Delaware residents live in a region with low elevation which is very close to the coast with low elevation and the shallow groundwater makes us concern about contaminated well water even more intense. As one of the Water Resources Program partners, we have offered free Drinking Water Quality Clinics to local well owners over the past 4 years in Delaware State University. Since 2009, over 400 Delaware residents have benefited from these clinics. At each clinic, an information session was offered in the evening, with an opportunity to hear from and speak with a drinking water well expert. Participants were given sample bottles and water testing performed the following day included pH, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate, alkalinity, fluoride, hardness, iron, lead, cadmium, arsenic, Total Coliform, and E. coli. Over half of the samples returned out of range values for pH, while 72 returned results positive for Total Coliform and Escherichia coli bacterium. Data are examined for correlations, and improved understanding of local well owners. These tests shared with local well owners insights into what may be wrong with their water. In addition, any tests that came back outside of the normal range were reported to homeowners in writing. Mailed with the written reports were also information specific to what test results were outside of the limits, and actions to take to correct the exact problem the well owners encountered. The data reported here are examined to discuss the correlations of information, and ways that the Drinking Water Quality Clinics have improved our understanding of local wells and ownerships. In conclusion, regular testing on a yearly basis is the most effective way to ensure that public health is maintained.展开更多
饮用水水源地水质演变趋势研究对水源地的保护具有重要意义。以中国某城市6个市级水源地为研究对象,采用水质指数法进行水质评价,在此基础上结合Pettitt Mann Whitney变异点分析法、Mann-Kendall趋势检验法和线性回归法,深入分析了各水...饮用水水源地水质演变趋势研究对水源地的保护具有重要意义。以中国某城市6个市级水源地为研究对象,采用水质指数法进行水质评价,在此基础上结合Pettitt Mann Whitney变异点分析法、Mann-Kendall趋势检验法和线性回归法,深入分析了各水源地水质突变时间及演变趋势,并结合该市近年来的管理政策分析了水质变化的原因。2020年-2022年各水源地水质现状整体较好,4个水源地水质评价结果为优良,其余为良好。变异点和演变趋势分析结果表明,各水源地均存在突变时间,水质指数突变时间主要集中在2021年2月-2022年4月,突变后2个水源地水质变差,其余水源地水质变好,仅1个水源地变异显著。该市水源地整体上2022年水质状况优于往年,主要得益于流域整体水环境质量改善和水源地特殊保护的加强。展开更多
文摘The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has the authority to regulate the public water systems. The EPA does not have the jurisdiction to regulate private drinking water wells. This leaves approximately fifteen percent of the nation’s population without any regulation being held in place to protect their source of drinking water. With that fifteen percent of the US population having private wells for drinking water, it makes the number of people whose drinking water is unprotected by regulation at a little over 15 million US households. This concern is even more acute in areas with groundwater that is close to the surface. Delaware residents live in a region with low elevation which is very close to the coast with low elevation and the shallow groundwater makes us concern about contaminated well water even more intense. As one of the Water Resources Program partners, we have offered free Drinking Water Quality Clinics to local well owners over the past 4 years in Delaware State University. Since 2009, over 400 Delaware residents have benefited from these clinics. At each clinic, an information session was offered in the evening, with an opportunity to hear from and speak with a drinking water well expert. Participants were given sample bottles and water testing performed the following day included pH, nitrite, nitrate, sulfate, alkalinity, fluoride, hardness, iron, lead, cadmium, arsenic, Total Coliform, and E. coli. Over half of the samples returned out of range values for pH, while 72 returned results positive for Total Coliform and Escherichia coli bacterium. Data are examined for correlations, and improved understanding of local well owners. These tests shared with local well owners insights into what may be wrong with their water. In addition, any tests that came back outside of the normal range were reported to homeowners in writing. Mailed with the written reports were also information specific to what test results were outside of the limits, and actions to take to correct the exact problem the well owners encountered. The data reported here are examined to discuss the correlations of information, and ways that the Drinking Water Quality Clinics have improved our understanding of local wells and ownerships. In conclusion, regular testing on a yearly basis is the most effective way to ensure that public health is maintained.
文摘饮用水水源地水质演变趋势研究对水源地的保护具有重要意义。以中国某城市6个市级水源地为研究对象,采用水质指数法进行水质评价,在此基础上结合Pettitt Mann Whitney变异点分析法、Mann-Kendall趋势检验法和线性回归法,深入分析了各水源地水质突变时间及演变趋势,并结合该市近年来的管理政策分析了水质变化的原因。2020年-2022年各水源地水质现状整体较好,4个水源地水质评价结果为优良,其余为良好。变异点和演变趋势分析结果表明,各水源地均存在突变时间,水质指数突变时间主要集中在2021年2月-2022年4月,突变后2个水源地水质变差,其余水源地水质变好,仅1个水源地变异显著。该市水源地整体上2022年水质状况优于往年,主要得益于流域整体水环境质量改善和水源地特殊保护的加强。
