Modern Multilevel Control Technique Used in Electric and Hybrid Drive System with Induction Motors

The mathematical model of the modem induction traction motor （TRIM and cutting magnetic circuit traction motor）, supplied with IPM inverter with different control technique is presented in the paper. In electric and hybrid vehicle are applied： FLMC （Fuzzy Logic Mode Control）, SLMC （Sliding Mode Control）, NRMC （Neural Regulator Control）, and Direct Power and Torque Control for Space Vector Modulated inverter （DPTC SVM）. In the special solution of the electric and hybrid vehicle are also applied a Random Switching Frequency Modulation. The control of hybrid vehicle should assure the realization of established transport-assignments in the definite time, at the optimum of energy consumption. One can this realize using. The multi criteria control system. Some results of the computer simulations are presented in the paper. Results of numerical calculation were verified for laboratory model of the electric and hybrid wheel vehicles traction motor.

A Loss-model-based Efficiency Optimization Control Method for Induction Traction System of High-speed Train under Emergency Self-propelled Mode

Increasing attention has been paid to the efficiency improvement of the induction traction system of high-speed trains due to the high demand for energy saving. In emergency self-propelled mode, however, the dc-link voltage and the traction power of the motor are significantly reduced, resulting in decreased traction efficiency due to the low load and low speed operations. Aiming to tackle this problem, a novel efficiency improved control method is introduced to the emergency mode of high-speed train traction system in this paper. In the proposed method, a total loss model of induction motor considering the behaviors of both iron and copper loss is established. An improved iterative algorithm with decreased computational burden is then introduced, resulting in a fast solving of the optimal flux reference for loss minimization at each control period. In addition, considering the parameter variation problem due to the low load and low speed operations, a parameter estimation method is integrated to improve the controller's robustness. The effectiveness of the proposed method on efficiency improvement at low voltage and low load conditions is demonstrated by simulated and experimental results.

Simulation on model predictive control for PMSM drive system based on double extended state observer

A novel double extended state observer(DESO)based on model predictive torque control(MPTC)strategy is developed for three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)drive system without current sensor.In general,to achieve high-precision control,two-phase current sensors are necessary for successful implementation of MPTC.For this purpose,two ESOs are used to estimate q-axis current and stator resistance respectively,and then based on this,d-axis current is estimated.Moreover,to reduce torque and flux ripple and to improve the performance of the torque and speed,MPTC strategy is designed.The simulation results validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme.

Implementation of Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System in Speed Control of Induction Motor Drives

A new speed control approach based on the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) to a closed-loop, variable speed induction motor (IM) drive is proposed in this paper. ANFIS provides a nonlinear modeling of motor drive system and the motor speed can accurately track the reference signal. ANFIS has the advantages of employing expert knowledge from the fuzzy inference system and the learning capability of neural networks. The various functional blocks of the system which govern the system behavior for small variations about the operating point are derived, and the transient responses are presented. The proposed (ANFIS) controller is compared with PI controller by computer simulation through the MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The obtained results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

Single Phase Induction Motor Drive with Restrained Speed and Torque Ripples Using Neural Network Predictive Controller

In industrial drives, electric motors are extensively utilized to impart motion control and induction motors are the most familiar drive at present due to its extensive performance characteristic similar with that of DC drives. Precise control of drives is the main attribute in industries to optimize the performance and to increase its production rate. In motion control, the major considerations are the torque and speed ripples. Design of controllers has become increasingly complex to such systems for better management of energy and raw materials to attain optimal performance. Meager parameter appraisal results are unsuitable, leading to unstable operation. The rapid intensification of digital computer revolutionizes to practice precise control and allows implementation of advanced control strategy to extremely multifaceted systems. To solve complex control problems, model predictive control is an authoritative scheme, which exploits an explicit model of the process to be controlled. This paper presents a predictive control strategy by a neural network predictive controller based single phase induction motor drive to minimize the speed and torque ripples. The proposed method exhibits better performance than the conventional controller and validity of the proposed method is verified by the simulation results using MATLAB software.

Three-level inverter configuration with common mode voltage elimination for induction motor drive (To continue)

The multiplicity of vector combinations for vectors of combined three-level inverters plays an important role, when deciding on the modulation scheme, to obtain minimum switching per inverter vector change, as described in the next Section. This is not possible with reduced common-mode three-level inverter structure, obtained with a five-level cascaded H-bridge configuration, as the space vectors locations do not exhibit multiplicity. Moreover, the proposed configuration requires only two power supplies, whereas the scheme with the five-level H-bridge configuration requires six isolated power supplies.

Three-level inverter configuration with common mode voltage elimination for induction motor drive

The multiplicity of vector combinations for vectors of combined three-level inverters plays an important role, when deciding on the modulation scheme, to obtain minimum switching per inverter vector change, as described in the next Section. This is not possible with reduced common-mode three-level inverter structure, obtained with a five-level cascaded H-bridge configuration, as the space vectors locations do not exhibit multiplicity. Moreover, the proposed configuration requires only two power supplies, whereas the scheme with the five-level H-bridge configuration requires six isolated power supplies.

Study on Rotor IGBT Chopper Control for Induction Motor Drive

Rotor chopper control is a simple and effective drive method for induction motor. This paper presents a novel IGBT chopper topology,which can both adjust rotor resistance and protect IGBT efficiently. Investigation on the quasi transient state of the rotor rectifying circuit is made, and a nonlinear mapping between the equivalent resistance and the duty cycle is deduced. Furthermore, the method for determining the magnitude of the external resistor is introduced.

Virtual Speed Sensorless Desired Control Strategy of Maglev Single-sided Linear Induction Motors

单边短初级长次级直线感应电机己普遍应用于低速磁悬浮的驱动系统。由于在动态纵向边端效应影响下等效电路不对称，单边直线感应电机（single-sided linear inductionmotor，SLIM）的一些参数非线性变化。传统的应用于旋转电机的无速度传感器方法不再适用。首先分析了SLIM的M／T轴等效电路，选择次级磁链作为速度观测器状态变量。根据李雅普诺夫系统稳定性判据，推导出适用于SLIM的无速度传感器辨识；然后，采用反馈广义积分观测器控制稳态辨识速度的双幅脉振幅值；引入虚拟期望变量（virtualdesiredvariable，VDV）法，利用估算速度参与SLIM的恒滑差频率矢量控制。仿真与实验对所提控制算法的有效性和实用性进行了验证，所得结论可为磁悬浮的无速度传感器控制提供参考。

Sensorless Vector Control of Parallel-Connected Multiple Induction Motors Fed by a Single Inverter

A method of improving the stability of multiple-motor drive system fed by a 3-leg single inverter has been devised that employs the averages and differences of estimated parameters for field-oriented control. The parameters of each motor (stator current, rotor flux, and speed) are estimated using adaptive rotor flux observers to achieve sensorless control. The validity and effective of the proposed method have been demonstrated through simulations and experiments.

Energy Efficient Control of Three-Phase Induction Motor Drive

Induction motors are extensively used in industrial and household appliances and consume more than 50% of the total generated electrical energy. The need for energy conservation is increasing the requirements for saving the electrical energy. It is therefore important to optimize the efficiency of electrical drive systems under certain operating conditions. This paper proposes a new control scheme based on search method taking advantage of the fact, that at a certain torque and speed (operating point) there is only one value of stator voltage that operates the motor at optimum efficiency. Simulation performed and results are presented.

A Digital Phase Locked Loop Speed Control of Three Phase Induction Motor Drive: Performances Analysis

This paper deals with performance analysis and implementation of a three phase inverter fed induction motor (IM) drive system. The closed loop control scheme of the drive utilizes the Digital Phase Locked Loop (DPLL). The DPLL is safely implemented all around the well known integrated circuit DPLL 4046. An ex-perimental verification is carried out on one kw scalar controlled IM system drives for a wide range of speeds and loads appliance. This presents a simple and high performance solution for industrial applications.

An Approximate High Gain Observer for Speed-sensorless Estimation of Induction Motors

Rotor speed estimation for induction motors is a key problem in speed-sensorless motor drives. This paper performs nonlinear high gain observer design based on the full-order model of the induction motor. Such an effort appears nontrivial due to the fact that the full-model at best admits locally a non-triangular observable form(NTOF), and its analytical representation in the NTOF can not be obtained. This paper proposes an approximate high gain estimation algorithm, which enjoys a constructive design, ease of tuning, and improved speed estimation and tracking performance. Experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Microcontroller-Based Variable Speed Drive for Three-Phase Induction Motor in Cooling Applications

This paper presents an electronic VSD （variable speed drive） for three-phase IM （induction motor） using a microcontroller. The VSD is designed for cooling applications where the 1M is coupled to a cooling fan. The drive receives temperature feedback from objects to be cooled and output a corresponding frequency to the IM. A prototype of the VSD is constructed to control a 175 W, four pole, squirrel cage three-phase IM. The heart of the control circuit is a low-cost microchip＇s PICI6F777 microcontroller which is programmed using C language to generate variable frequency SPWM （sinusoidal pulse width modulation） switching signals. These switching signals are fed to an 1GBT inverter. The VSD constructed can be switched between two modes of speed control＂ automatic temperature-controlled mode and manual user-controlled mode. Cost savings using the prototype are demonstrated.

Genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization tuned fuzzy PID controller on direct torque control of dual star induction motor

This study presents analysis, control and comparison of three hybrid approaches for the direct torque control (DTC) of the dual star induction motor (DSIM) drive. Its objective consists of combining three different heuristic optimization techniques including PID-PSO, Fuzzy-PSO and GA-PSO to improve the DSIM speed controlled loop behavior. The GA and PSO algorithms are developed and implemented into MATLAB. As a result, fuzzy-PSO is the most appropriate scheme. The main performance of fuzzy-PSO is reducing high torque ripples, improving rise time and avoiding disturbances that affect the drive performance.

SINAMICS—the high efficiency drive technology for rolling mills

In the Metals Industry,interruption-free processes to produce high-quality end products are a prerequisite. The main drives together with the mill stands play a key role in the success of rolling mills.The crucial demands placed on the drive system are:high-dynamic performance of drive and its control system,ability to handle the process related overloads,smooth running,high availability,high efficiency,easy serviceability and ability to integrate seamlessly with the automation systems.With numerous reference installations and many years of experience Siemens VAI has the wider expertise and the portfolio to provide the right drive for every application. This paper examines the latest innovation,SINAMICS drive technology,for both new drive applications as well as for modernizing the existing drives in rolling mill applications like hot strips mills,plate mills,cold rolling mills,and long rolling mills.

Sensorless Vector Control of Induction Generators for Variable-Speed Wind Turbines Using Micro-2407

A sensorless vector-control strategy for an induction generator in a grid-connected wind energy conversion system is presented. The sensorless control system is based on a model reference adaptive system (MRAS) to estimate the rotational speed. In order to tune the MRAS observer and compensate for the parameter variation and uncertainties, a separate estimation of the speed is obtained from the rotor slot harmonics using an algorithm for spectral analysis. This algorithm can track fast dynamic changes in the rotational speed, with high accuracy. Two back to back pulse width modulated (PWM) inverters are used to interface the induction generator with the grid. The front-end converter is also vector controlled. The dc link voltage is regulated using a PI fuzzy controller. The proposed sensorless control strategy has been experimentally verified on a 2.5-kW experimentally set up with an induction generator driven by a wind turbine emulator. The emulation of the wind turbine is performed using a novel strategy that allows the emulation of high-order wind turbine models, preserving all of the dynamic characteristics. The experimental results show the high level of performance obtained with the proposed sensorless vector-control method.

DEVELOPMENT OF CYCLOCONVERTER-IM SYSTEM FOR EXPLOSION-PROOF UNDERGROUND MINE HOIST

A recent developed Cycloconverter-IM haulage drive for underground mining is described in this paper. The control of this system is fully digitized. Six INTEL 8031 single-chip microprocessors are interconnected to perform the functions of motor speed control,cycloconverter firing , fault diagnosis,etc. The implementations of the above functions are illustrated,and also a new method called "slip feedback control" for improving power factor of cycloconverter is put forward in this paper.

Torque analysis for double-stator permanent-magnet motor

In addition to the characteristics of a conventional motor, a novel direct-drive double-stator permanent-magnet brushless motor proposed can operate in the state of either a generator or a motor as appropriate. Through numerical calculation and analysis, the output torque of double-stator permanent-magnet brushless motor of the same volume as the traditional machine is discussed, and the reduction of torque ripple by using the structure features of this motor is investigated. The results indicate that lower torque ripple under the condition of ideal effective torque can be obtained by the rational design of motor. The prototype motors tested show that this kind of motor structure has a higher power density.