随着内存密集型应用的快速发展,应用对单机内存容量的需求日益增大.然而,受到颗粒密度的限制,内存容量的扩展度较低.页交换机制是进行内存扩展的经典技术,该机制通过将较少使用的内存页面暂存在存储设备,以达到扩展内存的目的.过去页交...随着内存密集型应用的快速发展,应用对单机内存容量的需求日益增大.然而,受到颗粒密度的限制,内存容量的扩展度较低.页交换机制是进行内存扩展的经典技术,该机制通过将较少使用的内存页面暂存在存储设备,以达到扩展内存的目的.过去页交换机制由于慢速磁盘的读写速度限制,无法被广泛应用.近年来,得益于超低延迟固态硬盘(solid state drive,SSD)的快速发展,页交换机制可以利用其低延迟的读写特性,提升页交换效率.然而,在低I/O延迟的情况下,传统页交换机制的I/O栈存在巨大的软件开销.首先对使用超低延迟SSD的Linux页交换机制进行测试与分析,发现现有页交换机制的主要瓶颈在于发送请求时存在队头阻塞问题、I/O合并和调度开销,以及内核返回路径上的中断处理和直接内存回收开销.基于分析结果,提出基于超低延迟SSD的页交换机制Ultraswap.Ultraswap在Linux I/O栈的基础上增加对轮询请求的处理,并降低I/O合并与调度开销,实现轻量级的I/O栈.基于Ultraswap的I/O栈,对内核页交换机制的换入与换出路径进一步优化.通过优化对缺页、直接内存回收的处理,降低页交换机制关键路径上的时间开销.实验结果表明Ultraswap在应用测试场景下相比Linux页交换机制能够提升19%的平均性能;在可使用内存比例为20%的情况下,Ultraswap可达到33%的性能提升.展开更多
Time-periodic driving has been an effective tool in the field of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics,which enables precise control of the particle interactions.We investigate the collective emission of particles from a Bo...Time-periodic driving has been an effective tool in the field of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics,which enables precise control of the particle interactions.We investigate the collective emission of particles from a Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional lattice with periodic drives that are separate in modulation amplitudes and relative phases.In addition to the enhancement of particle emission,we find that amplitude imbalances lead to energy shift and band broadening,while typical relative phases may give rise to similar gaps.These results offer insights into the specific manipulations of nonequilibrium quantum systems with tone-varying drives.展开更多
Driving fatigue is a physiological phenomenon that often occurs during driving.After the driver enters a fatigued state,the attentionis lax,the response is slow,and the ability todeal with emergencies is significantly...Driving fatigue is a physiological phenomenon that often occurs during driving.After the driver enters a fatigued state,the attentionis lax,the response is slow,and the ability todeal with emergencies is significantly reduced,which can easily cause traffic accidents.Therefore,studying driver fatigue detectionmethods is significant in ensuring safe driving.However,the fatigue state of actual drivers is easily interfered with by the external environment(glasses and light),which leads to many problems,such as weak reliability of fatigue driving detection.Moreover,fatigue is a slow process,first manifested in physiological signals and then reflected in human face images.To improve the accuracy and stability of fatigue detection,this paper proposed a driver fatigue detection method based on image information and physiological information,designed a fatigue driving detection device,built a simulation driving experiment platform,and collected facial as well as physiological information of drivers during driving.Finally,the effectiveness of the fatigue detection method was evaluated.Eye movement feature parameters and physiological signal features of drivers’fatigue levels were extracted.The driver fatigue detection model was trained to classify fatigue and non-fatigue states based on the extracted features.Accuracy rates of the image,electroencephalogram(EEG),and blood oxygen signals were 86%,82%,and 71%,separately.Information fusion theory was presented to facilitate the fatigue detection effect;the fatigue features were fused using multiple kernel learning and typical correlation analysis methods to increase the detection accuracy to 94%.It can be seen that the fatigue driving detectionmethod based onmulti-source feature fusion effectively detected driver fatigue state,and the accuracy rate was higher than that of a single information source.In summary,fatigue drivingmonitoring has broad development prospects and can be used in traffic accident prevention and wearable driver fatigue recognition.展开更多
Controlling mass transportation using intrinsic mechanisms is a challenging topic in nanotechnology.Herein,we employ molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mass transport inside carbon nanotubes(CNT)with te...Controlling mass transportation using intrinsic mechanisms is a challenging topic in nanotechnology.Herein,we employ molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mass transport inside carbon nanotubes(CNT)with temperature gradients,specifically the effects of adding a static carbon hoop to the outside of a CNT on the transport of a nanomotor inside the CNT.We reveal that the underlying mechanism is the uneven potential energy created by the hoops,i.e.,the hoop outside the CNT forms potential energy barriers or wells that affect mass transport inside the CNT.This fundamental control of directional mass transportation may lead to promising routes for nanoscale actuation and energy conversion.展开更多
The continuous decrease of low-slope cropland resources caused by construction land crowding poses huge threat to regional sustainable development and food security.Slope spectrum analysis of topographic and geomorphi...The continuous decrease of low-slope cropland resources caused by construction land crowding poses huge threat to regional sustainable development and food security.Slope spectrum analysis of topographic and geomorphic features is considered as a digital terrain analysis method which reflects the macro-topographic features by using micro-topographic factors.However,pieces of studies have extended the concept of slope spectrum in the field of geoscience to construction land to explore its expansion law,while research on the slope trend of cropland from that perspective remains rare.To address the gap,in virtue of spatial analysis and geographically weighted regression(GWR)model,the cropland use change in the Yangtze River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed and the driving factors were explored from the perspective of slope spectrum.Results showed that the slope spectrum curves of cropland area-frequency in the YRB showed a first upward then a downward trend.The change curve of the slope spectrum of cropland in each province(municipality)exhibited various distribution patterns.Quantitative analysis of morphological parameters of cropland slope spectrum revealed that the further down the YRB,the stronger the flattening characteristics,the more obvious the concentration.The province experienced the greatest downhill cropland climbing(CLC)was Shannxi,while province experienced the highest uphill CLC was Zhejiang.The most common cropland use change type in the YRB was horizontal expansion type.The factors affecting average cropland climbing index(ACCI)were quite stable in different periods,while population density(POP)changed from negative to positive during the study period.This research is of practical significance for the rational utilization of cropland at the watershed scale.展开更多
为了增强固态硬盘(Solid State Disk,SSD)的数据安全,介绍了SSD主控芯片中一种满足《安全芯片密码检测准则》二级要求设计的数据SM4加解密模块。另外,为了验证模块设计的正确性,介绍了基于通用验证方法学(Universal Verification Method...为了增强固态硬盘(Solid State Disk,SSD)的数据安全,介绍了SSD主控芯片中一种满足《安全芯片密码检测准则》二级要求设计的数据SM4加解密模块。另外,为了验证模块设计的正确性,介绍了基于通用验证方法学(Universal Verification Methodology,UVM)设计的自动化验证平台,以设计功能点和代码覆盖率为衡量指标,数据加解密模块被该验证平台较充分地验证,最终达到片上系统(System on Chip,SoC)的流片交付标准。展开更多
文摘随着内存密集型应用的快速发展,应用对单机内存容量的需求日益增大.然而,受到颗粒密度的限制,内存容量的扩展度较低.页交换机制是进行内存扩展的经典技术,该机制通过将较少使用的内存页面暂存在存储设备,以达到扩展内存的目的.过去页交换机制由于慢速磁盘的读写速度限制,无法被广泛应用.近年来,得益于超低延迟固态硬盘(solid state drive,SSD)的快速发展,页交换机制可以利用其低延迟的读写特性,提升页交换效率.然而,在低I/O延迟的情况下,传统页交换机制的I/O栈存在巨大的软件开销.首先对使用超低延迟SSD的Linux页交换机制进行测试与分析,发现现有页交换机制的主要瓶颈在于发送请求时存在队头阻塞问题、I/O合并和调度开销,以及内核返回路径上的中断处理和直接内存回收开销.基于分析结果,提出基于超低延迟SSD的页交换机制Ultraswap.Ultraswap在Linux I/O栈的基础上增加对轮询请求的处理,并降低I/O合并与调度开销,实现轻量级的I/O栈.基于Ultraswap的I/O栈,对内核页交换机制的换入与换出路径进一步优化.通过优化对缺页、直接内存回收的处理,降低页交换机制关键路径上的时间开销.实验结果表明Ultraswap在应用测试场景下相比Linux页交换机制能够提升19%的平均性能;在可使用内存比例为20%的情况下,Ultraswap可达到33%的性能提升.
基金Project supported by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.201906130092)the Natural Science Research Start-up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(Grant No.NY223065)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(Grant No.2023NSFSC1330).
文摘Time-periodic driving has been an effective tool in the field of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics,which enables precise control of the particle interactions.We investigate the collective emission of particles from a Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional lattice with periodic drives that are separate in modulation amplitudes and relative phases.In addition to the enhancement of particle emission,we find that amplitude imbalances lead to energy shift and band broadening,while typical relative phases may give rise to similar gaps.These results offer insights into the specific manipulations of nonequilibrium quantum systems with tone-varying drives.
基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(GrantNo.IR2021222)received by J.Sthe Future Science and Technology Innovation Team Project of HIT(216506)received by Q.W.
文摘Driving fatigue is a physiological phenomenon that often occurs during driving.After the driver enters a fatigued state,the attentionis lax,the response is slow,and the ability todeal with emergencies is significantly reduced,which can easily cause traffic accidents.Therefore,studying driver fatigue detectionmethods is significant in ensuring safe driving.However,the fatigue state of actual drivers is easily interfered with by the external environment(glasses and light),which leads to many problems,such as weak reliability of fatigue driving detection.Moreover,fatigue is a slow process,first manifested in physiological signals and then reflected in human face images.To improve the accuracy and stability of fatigue detection,this paper proposed a driver fatigue detection method based on image information and physiological information,designed a fatigue driving detection device,built a simulation driving experiment platform,and collected facial as well as physiological information of drivers during driving.Finally,the effectiveness of the fatigue detection method was evaluated.Eye movement feature parameters and physiological signal features of drivers’fatigue levels were extracted.The driver fatigue detection model was trained to classify fatigue and non-fatigue states based on the extracted features.Accuracy rates of the image,electroencephalogram(EEG),and blood oxygen signals were 86%,82%,and 71%,separately.Information fusion theory was presented to facilitate the fatigue detection effect;the fatigue features were fused using multiple kernel learning and typical correlation analysis methods to increase the detection accuracy to 94%.It can be seen that the fatigue driving detectionmethod based onmulti-source feature fusion effectively detected driver fatigue state,and the accuracy rate was higher than that of a single information source.In summary,fatigue drivingmonitoring has broad development prospects and can be used in traffic accident prevention and wearable driver fatigue recognition.
基金Project supported by the Doctoral Fund of Yanshan University (Grant No.B919)the Program of Independent Research for Young Teachers of Yanshan University (Grant No.020000534)the S&T Program of Hebei Province of China (Grant No.QN2016123)。
文摘Controlling mass transportation using intrinsic mechanisms is a challenging topic in nanotechnology.Herein,we employ molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mass transport inside carbon nanotubes(CNT)with temperature gradients,specifically the effects of adding a static carbon hoop to the outside of a CNT on the transport of a nanomotor inside the CNT.We reveal that the underlying mechanism is the uneven potential energy created by the hoops,i.e.,the hoop outside the CNT forms potential energy barriers or wells that affect mass transport inside the CNT.This fundamental control of directional mass transportation may lead to promising routes for nanoscale actuation and energy conversion.
基金supported in part by the Key Laboratory of Natural Resources Monitoring and Supervision in Southern Hilly Region,Ministry of Natural Resources(NRMSSHR2023Y02)Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environmental Changes(PGPEC2304)+1 种基金Yunnan Normal University,China.This study was also sponsored by the Scientific Research Project of Education Department of Hubei Province(Grant No.B2022262)the Philosophy and Social Sciences Research Project of Education Department of Hubei Province(Grant No.22G024).
文摘The continuous decrease of low-slope cropland resources caused by construction land crowding poses huge threat to regional sustainable development and food security.Slope spectrum analysis of topographic and geomorphic features is considered as a digital terrain analysis method which reflects the macro-topographic features by using micro-topographic factors.However,pieces of studies have extended the concept of slope spectrum in the field of geoscience to construction land to explore its expansion law,while research on the slope trend of cropland from that perspective remains rare.To address the gap,in virtue of spatial analysis and geographically weighted regression(GWR)model,the cropland use change in the Yangtze River Basin(YRB)from 2000 to 2020 was analyzed and the driving factors were explored from the perspective of slope spectrum.Results showed that the slope spectrum curves of cropland area-frequency in the YRB showed a first upward then a downward trend.The change curve of the slope spectrum of cropland in each province(municipality)exhibited various distribution patterns.Quantitative analysis of morphological parameters of cropland slope spectrum revealed that the further down the YRB,the stronger the flattening characteristics,the more obvious the concentration.The province experienced the greatest downhill cropland climbing(CLC)was Shannxi,while province experienced the highest uphill CLC was Zhejiang.The most common cropland use change type in the YRB was horizontal expansion type.The factors affecting average cropland climbing index(ACCI)were quite stable in different periods,while population density(POP)changed from negative to positive during the study period.This research is of practical significance for the rational utilization of cropland at the watershed scale.
文摘为了增强固态硬盘(Solid State Disk,SSD)的数据安全,介绍了SSD主控芯片中一种满足《安全芯片密码检测准则》二级要求设计的数据SM4加解密模块。另外,为了验证模块设计的正确性,介绍了基于通用验证方法学(Universal Verification Methodology,UVM)设计的自动化验证平台,以设计功能点和代码覆盖率为衡量指标,数据加解密模块被该验证平台较充分地验证,最终达到片上系统(System on Chip,SoC)的流片交付标准。